rrd-10q_20210331.htm

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 1-4694

R.R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware		36-1004130
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

35 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois		60601
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip code)

(312) 326-8000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	RRD	New York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights		New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒

Non-Accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April 26, 2021, 72.2 million shares of common stock were outstanding.

R.R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
	PART I

Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	21
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	30
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	30

	PART II

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	31
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	31
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	31
Item 6.	Exhibits	32

Signatures		33

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

R.R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (“RRD”)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except per share data)

(UNAUDITED)

	March 31,			December 31,
	2021			2020
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	261.6		$	288.8
Receivables, less allowances for credit losses of $14.6 in 2021 (2020 - $15.9)		927.4			1,009.2
Inventories (Note 4)		300.8			302.1
Assets held-for-sale		22.5			23.1
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		126.7			133.4
Total current assets		1,639.0			1,756.6
Property, plant and equipment-net (Note 5)		429.9			438.8
Goodwill (Note 6)		407.4			410.6
Other intangible assets-net (Note 6)		64.0			68.8
Deferred income taxes		78.0			78.5
Operating lease assets		214.4			223.8
Other noncurrent assets		147.7			153.8
Total assets	$	2,980.4		$	3,130.9
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	$	716.2		$	804.5
Accrued liabilities and other		331.3			351.2
Short-term operating lease liabilities		70.0			73.4
Short-term and current portion of long-term debt (Note 15)		140.4			61.1
Total current liabilities		1,257.9			1,290.2
Long-term debt (Note 15)		1,362.7			1,442.0
Pension liabilities		84.4			89.5
Other postretirement benefits plan liabilities		53.7			55.8
Long-term income tax liability		68.3			68.3
Long-term operating lease liabilities		150.9			156.9
Other noncurrent liabilities		256.9			272.0
Total liabilities		3,234.8			3,374.7
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 14)
EQUITY (Note 10)
RRD stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value
Authorized: 2.0 shares; Issued: None		—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value
Authorized: 165.0 shares;
Issued: 89.0 shares in 2021 and 2020		0.9			0.9
Additional paid-in-capital		3,105.4			3,263.6
Accumulated deficit		(2,242.0	)		(2,240.7	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(160.3	)		(153.9	)
Treasury stock, at cost, 16.8 shares in 2021 (2020 - 17.6 shares)		(971.6	)		(1,127.6	)
Total RRD stockholders' equity		(267.6	)		(257.7	)
Noncontrolling interests		13.2			13.9
Total equity		(254.4	)		(243.8	)
Total liabilities and equity	$	2,980.4		$	3,130.9

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

R.R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (“RRD”)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in millions, except per share data)

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
Net sales		1,173.1			1,216.9
Cost of sales		949.0			968.6
Gross profit		224.1			248.3
Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		153.3			159.9
Restructuring, impairment and other expense -net (Note 7)		5.8			11.2
Depreciation and amortization		33.8			39.2
Other operating expense		6.1			4.9
Income from operations		25.1			33.1
Interest expense-net		30.5			33.9
Investment and other income-net		(4.8	)		(4.0	)
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes		(0.6	)		3.2
Income tax expense (benefit)		1.1			(3.8	)
Net (loss) income from continuing operations		(1.7	)		7.0
Gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations, net of tax		0.6			(5.0	)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		—			(14.9	)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations (Note 2)		0.6			(19.9	)
Net loss		(1.1	)		(12.9	)
Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interests		0.2			0.1
Net loss attributable to RRD common stockholders	$	(1.3	)	$	(13.0	)

Basic and diluted net (loss) earnings per share attributable to RRD common stockholders (Note 11):
Continuing Operations	$	(0.03	)	$	0.10
Discontinued Operations	$	0.01		$	(0.28	)
Net loss attributable to RR Donnelley stockholders	$	(0.02	)	$	(0.18	)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic		72.7			71.6
Diluted		72.7			71.6

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

R.R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (“RRD”)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(in millions)

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
Net loss	$	(1.1	)	$	(12.9	)

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (Note 12):
Translation adjustments		(10.2	)		(20.0	)
Adjustments for net periodic pension and postretirement benefits plan cost		1.1			0.8
Changes in fair value of derivatives		2.5			(12.0	)
Other comprehensive loss		(6.6	)		(31.2	)
Comprehensive loss		(7.7	)		(44.1	)
Less: comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests		—			(0.1	)
Comprehensive loss attributable to RRD common stockholders	$	(7.7	)	$	(44.0	)

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

R.R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (“RRD”)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions)

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss	$	(1.1	)	$	(12.9	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Impairment charges and other-net		0.1			20.6
Depreciation and amortization		33.8			40.8
Provision for credit losses		(0.1	)		4.4
Share-based compensation		0.2			1.4
Deferred income taxes		(0.5	)		(1.8	)
Net pension and other postretirement benefits plan income		(4.6	)		(3.4	)
(Gain) loss on disposition of businesses and other assets		(1.7	)		6.6
Other		3.5			1.1
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable-net		75.8			62.7
Inventories		(0.4	)		(4.1	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(6.7	)		(4.9	)
Accounts payable		(89.3	)		(143.3	)
Current income taxes		(4.6	)		(13.5	)
Accrued liabilities and other		(21.4	)		(29.3	)
Pension and other postretirement benefits plan contributions		(1.9	)		(4.0	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(18.9	)		(79.6	)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures		(13.0	)		(17.7	)
Disposition of businesses		(0.8	)		12.9
Proceeds from sales of investments and other assets		2.4			2.9
Proceeds related to company-owned life insurance		0.1			1.6
Net cash used in investing activities		(11.3	)		(0.3	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Payments of current maturities and long-term debt		(1.4	)		(58.7	)
Proceeds from credit facility borrowings		207.0			578.0
Payments on credit facility borrowings		(207.0	)		(170.0	)
Dividends paid		—			(2.1	)
Payments of withholding taxes on share-based compensation		(2.4	)		(0.6	)
Other financing activities		(0.9	)		(0.7	)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(4.7	)		345.9
Effect of exchange rate on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(2.1	)		(6.0	)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(37.0	)		260.0
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year		357.6			223.8
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	320.6		$	483.8

Supplemental cash flow disclosures:

Operating cash flows used in discontinued operations	$	—	$	(1.4	)
Investing cash flows used in discontinued operations	$	—	$	(0.1	)

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company and its subsidiaries (“RRD,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our”) and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on February 24, 2021. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are not indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements include estimates and assumptions of management that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

In 2020, to focus on our core product and service offerings, we completed our plan to exit our Logistics Business. This business included Print Logistics, which was disposed of on July 2, 2018; Courier Logistics, which was disposed of on March 2, 2020; DLS Worldwide, which was disposed of November 2, 2020; and International Logistics which was disposed of on November 3, 2020. These businesses were included in the Business Services segment and primarily provided logistics services to a broad range of clients in the United States and globally. The financial results of these businesses have been excluded from continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented unless otherwise noted. Refer to Note 2 –Discontinued Operations to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 reported within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

	March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$	261.6	$	288.8
Restricted cash - current^(a)		52.8		62.6
Restricted cash - noncurrent^(b)		6.2		6.2
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	320.6	$	357.6

(a)	Included within Prepaid expenses and other current assets within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(b)	Included within Other noncurrent assets within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

Cash payments for income taxes were $9.8 million and $8.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Cash refunds for income taxes were $0.5 million and $2.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Income taxes receivable of $19.6 million and $16.3 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, are included within Prepaid expenses and other current assets.

2. Discontinued Operations

In the fourth quarter of 2020, we completed our plan to exit our Logistics business, which was a component of the Business Services reporting segment. The Logistics business was comprised of DLS Worldwide, International Logistics, Print Logistics and Courier Logistics. On November 2, 2020, we sold DLS Worldwide for $225.0 million cash, subject to a customary working capital adjustment and an escrow of $22.5 million. On November 3, 2020 we sold International Logistics for $13.0 million cash. The sale of these businesses was part of our strategic shift to exit non-core businesses in order to pursue portfolio optimization and to reduce debt. As part of this strategic shift, we previously sold Print Logistics in July 2018 and Courier Logistics in March 2020. During the quarter ended March 31, 2021, we finalized working capital adjustments and settled certain other contingencies related to the divested businesses, the impact of which is included in the Gain on sale of the discontinued operations, net of tax, for the quarter ended March 31, 2021.

Upon the divestitures, we entered into transition services agreements with the buyers to assist them in the transition of certain functions, including, but not limited to, information technology, finance, and human resources. Further, we entered into several commercial agreements whereby we continue to receive logistics services from the divested business. Our involvement with the divested businesses is not material in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.

We have reflected the Courier Logistics business, the DLS Worldwide business, and the International Logistics business, as discontinued operations for all periods presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Results of discontinued operations for the first quarter of 2020 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020
Net sales	$	204.9
Cost of sales		(179.4	)
Selling, general, administrative and other operating expenses		(20.8	)
Restructuring, impairment and other expense		(20.7	)
Operating loss from discontinued operations		(16.0	)
Income tax benefit		1.1
Net loss from discontinued operations	$	(14.9	)

Net sales includes sales from the Logistics businesses to RRD which were previously eliminated in consolidation and have been recast and are now shown as external sales within the financial results of discontinued operations above. The net sales were $12.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Restructuring, impairment, and other expenses included $20.6 million of non-cash charges related to impairment of goodwill recorded in the first quarter of 2020.

3. Revenue Recognition

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents net sales disaggregated by products and services:


	March 31,
	2021		2020
Commercial print	$	336.5	$	363.4
Packaging		174.4		115.1
Direct marketing		130.9		182.8
Labels		128.7		121.6
Statements		118.5		126.9
Digital print and fulfillment		97.5		113.6
Supply chain management		72.7		69.7
Forms		48.8		52.4
Business process outsourcing		42.5		44.0
Digital and creative solutions		22.6		27.4
Total net sales	$	1,173.1	$	1,216.9

Variable Consideration

Certain clients may receive volume-based rebates or early payment discounts, which are accounted for as variable consideration. We estimate these amounts based on the expected amount to be earned by our clients and reduce revenue accordingly. We do not expect significant changes to estimates of variable consideration. Given the nature of our products and the history of returns, product returns are not significant.

Contract Balances

The following table provides information about contract liabilities from contracts with clients:

	Contract Liabilities
	Short-Term
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	15.6
Balance at March 31, 2021		17.6

Contract liabilities primarily relate to client advances received prior to completion of performance obligations. Reductions in contract liabilities are a result of our completion of performance obligations.

Revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2021 from amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period was approximately $8.8 million.

4. Inventories

The components of inventories, net of excess and obsolescence reserves for raw materials and finished goods, at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:

	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
Raw materials and manufacturing supplies	$	149.2		$	147.3
Work in process		63.4			64.8
Finished goods		106.1			107.9
LIFO reserve		(17.9	)		(17.9	)
Total inventories	$	300.8		$	302.1

5. Property, Plant and Equipment

The components of property, plant and equipment at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:

	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
Land	$	38.2		$	38.2
Buildings		360.7			361.0
Machinery and equipment		1,691.6			1,703.1
		2,090.5			2,102.3
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(1,660.6	)		(1,663.5	)
Total property, plant and equipment-net	$	429.9		$	438.8

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 depreciation expense was $23.4 million and $28.2 million, respectively.

During the fourth quarter of 2017, we entered into an agreement to sell a printing facility in Shenzhen, China and transfer the related land use rights. As of March 31, 2021, we have received deposits in accordance with the terms of the agreement of approximately $123.3 million which are recorded in other noncurrent liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2021, the carrying cost of the building and land use rights is recorded in other noncurrent assets and is not material. Additional deposits are required to be paid to us in accordance with the agreement. Gross proceeds from the sale are expected to be approximately $250.0 million, subject to changes in the exchange rate, and we expect the transaction to close in 2022 after closing conditions are satisfied and government approvals are obtained. Our contract with the buyer requires them to pay the final installment in 2022 even if the government’s approval is further delayed. If the buyer fails to comply with terms of the agreement or terminates for any reason, the Company is entitled to retain 30% of the purchase price as liquidated damages.

6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The carrying amount of goodwill at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:

	Business Services			Marketing Solutions			Total
Net book value as of December 31, 2020
Goodwill	$	2,076.1		$	519.5		$	2,595.6
Accumulated impairment losses		(1,930.9	)		(254.1	)		(2,185.0	)
Total		145.2			265.4			410.6
Foreign exchange		(3.2	)		—			(3.2	)
Net book value as of March 31, 2021
Goodwill		2,073.1			519.5			2,592.6
Accumulated impairment losses		(1,931.1	)		(254.1	)		(2,185.2	)
Total	$	142.0		$	265.4		$	407.4

The components of other intangible assets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:

	March 31, 2021							December 31, 2020
	Gross							Gross
	Carrying		Accumulated			Net Book		Carrying		Accumulated			Net Book
	Amount		Amortization			Value		Amount		Amortization			Value

Client relationships	$	413.5	$	(361.8	)	$	51.7	$	417.0	$	(361.1	)	$	55.9
Trade names		28.8		(16.5	)		12.3		29.1		(16.2	)		12.9
Trademarks, licenses and agreements		23.2		(23.2	)		—		23.2		(23.2	)		—
Patents		2.0		(2.0	)		—		2.0		(2.0	)		—
Total amortizable other intangible assets		467.5		(403.5	)		64.0		471.3		(402.5	)		68.8

Amortization expense for other intangible assets was $4.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and was $4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

7. Restructuring, Impairment and Other

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we recorded the following net restructuring, impairment and other expenses:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
	Employee		Other Restructuring		Multi-Employer Pension Plan			Impairment and
	Terminations		Charges		Charges			Other		Total
Business Services	$	0.8	$	1.6	$	0.6		$	0.4	$	3.4
Marketing Solutions		0.3		1.8		0.1			—		2.2
Corporate		0.4		0.6		(0.8	)		—		0.2
Total	$	1.5	$	4.0	$	(0.1	)	$	0.4	$	5.8

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2020
	Employee		Other Restructuring		Multi-Employer Pension Plan		Impairment and
	Terminations		Charges		Charges		Other			Total
Business Services	$	5.8	$	1.0	$	0.6	$	(1.7	)	$	5.7
Marketing Solutions		0.4		—		0.1		—			0.5
Corporate		1.9		3.1		—		—			5.0
Total	$	8.1	$	4.1	$	0.7	$	(1.7	)	$	11.2

Restructuring, Impairment and Other

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, we recorded net restructuring charges of $1.5 million for employee termination costs. These charges primarily relate to announced facility closures and the reorganization of selling, general and administrative functions across each segment. We also incurred $4.0 million of other restructuring charges during the three months ended March 31, 2021, comprised of lease terminations and environmental costs.

For the three months ended March 31, 2020, we recorded net restructuring charges of $8.1 million for employee termination costs. These charges primarily related to the closure of the Chilean operations and other facility closures in the Business Services segment and the reorganization of selling, general and administrative functions across each segment. We also incurred other restructuring charges of $4.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and recorded net gains of $1.7 million on the sale of restructured facilities for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Restructuring and Multiemployer Pension Plan (“MEPP”) Reserves

Restructuring and MEPP reserves as of December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021, and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2021, were as follows:

			Restructuring			Foreign
	December 31,		and Other			Exchange and		Cash			March 31,
	2020		Charges			Other		Paid			2021
Employee terminations	$	6.2	$	1.5		$	0.1	$	(2.6	)	$	5.2
MEPP withdrawal obligations		70.2		(0.1	)		—		(5.4	)		64.7
Other		12.2		4.0			0.2		(4.3	)		12.1
Total	$	88.6	$	5.4		$	0.3	$	(12.3	)	$	82.0

The current portion of restructuring reserves of $35.9 million at March 31, 2021 was included in Accrued liabilities and other, while the long-term portion of $46.1 million, primarily related to MEPP withdrawal obligations, employee terminations in litigation and other, was included in Other noncurrent liabilities at March 31, 2021. The liabilities for the withdrawal obligations associated with our previous decision to withdraw from all MEPPs included in Accrued liabilities and other and Other noncurrent liabilities are $21.6 million and $43.1 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2021.

Payments on our MEPP withdrawal obligations are scheduled to be substantially completed by 2034. Changes based on uncertainties in these estimated withdrawal obligations could affect the ultimate charges related to MEPP withdrawals.

The restructuring liabilities classified as “other” primarily consisted of reserves for employee termination litigation and environmental matters. Any potential recoveries or additional charges could affect amounts reported in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

8. Retirement Plans

Components of net pension and other postretirement benefits plan (“OPEB”) income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
Pension income:
Service cost	$	0.3		$	0.3
Interest cost		5.1			6.9
Expected return on plan assets		(9.5	)		(10.2	)
Amortization, net		2.9			2.5
Net pension income	$	(1.2	)	$	(0.5	)

OPEB income:
Interest cost		1.1			1.8
Expected return on plan assets		(3.0	)		(3.2	)
Amortization, net		(1.5	)		(1.5	)
Net OPEB income	$	(3.4	)	$	(2.9	)

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we contributed $1.9 million and $4.0 million, respectively, to our retirement plans.

9. Share-Based Compensation

In March 2021, we awarded our annual share-based compensation grants, which consisted of 0.8 million restricted stock units with a grant date fair value of $4.52 per unit and 0.8 million performance share units also with a grant date fair value of $4.52 per unit. The restricted stock units are subject to a three year ratable vesting period and the performance share units are subject to a three year performance period. Dividends are not paid on restricted stock units.

In addition, in March 2021 we granted 0.9 million cash-settled restricted stock units (“phantom restricted stock units”) and 0.9 million cash-settled performance stock units (“phantom performance stock units”). Our share price on the date of grant was $4.52. The phantom restricted stock units vest and are payable in three equal installments over a period of three years after the grant date. The phantom performance stock units are subject to a three year performance period. Phantom stock units are not shares of our common stock and therefore the recipients of these awards do not receive ownership interest in the Company or stockholder voting rights. Phantom stock unit awards are subject to forfeiture upon termination of employment prior to vesting, subject in some cases to early vesting upon specified events, including death or permanent disability of the grantee, termination of the grantee’s employment under certain circumstances or a change in control of the Company. All phantom stock unit awards are classified as liability awards due to their expected settlement in cash and are included in Accrued liabilities and other in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Compensation expense for these awards is measured based upon the fair value of the awards at the end of each reporting period. Dividends are not paid on phantom stock units.

Compensation expense for these plans was $6.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

10. Equity

Our equity as of December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021, and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2021, were as follows:

	Common		Additional Paid-in-			Treasury			Accumulated			Accumulated Other Comprehensive			Total RRD's Stockholders'			Noncontrolling			Total
	Stock		Capital			Stock			Deficit			Loss			Equity			Interests			Equity
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	0.9	$	3,263.6		$	(1,127.6	)	$	(2,240.7	)	$	(153.9	)	$	(257.7	)	$	13.9		$	(243.8	)
Net (loss) income										(1.3	)					(1.3	)		0.2			(1.1	)
Other comprehensive loss													(6.4	)		(6.4	)		(0.2	)		(6.6	)
Share-based compensation				0.2												0.2						0.2
Issuance of share-based awards, net of withholdings and other				(158.4	)		156.0									(2.4	)					(2.4	)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests																—			(0.7	)		(0.7	)
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	0.9	$	3,105.4		$	(971.6	)	$	(2,242.0	)	$	(160.3	)	$	(267.6	)	$	13.2		$	(254.4	)

Our equity as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020, and changes during three months ended March 31, 2020, were as follows:

	Common		Additional Paid-in-			Treasury			Accumulated			Accumulated Other Comprehensive			Total RRD's Stockholders'			Noncontrolling			Total
	Stock		Capital			Stock			Deficit			Loss			Equity			Interests			Equity
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	0.9	$	3,348.0		$	(1,219.6	)	$	(2,336.8	)	$	(176.2	)	$	(383.7	)	$	13.4		$	(370.3	)
Net (loss) income										(13.0	)					(13.0	)		0.1			(12.9	)
Other comprehensive income													(31.0	)		(31.0	)		(0.2	)		(31.2	)
Share-based compensation				1.4												1.4						1.4
Issuance of share-based awards, net of withholdings and other				(82.3	)		81.8									(0.5	)					(0.5	)
Cash dividends paid										(2.1	)					(2.1	)					(2.1	)
Cumulative impact of adopting ASU 2016-03, net of tax										(0.3	)					(0.3	)					(0.3	)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests																—			(0.7	)		(0.7	)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	0.9	$	3,267.1		$	(1,137.8	)	$	(2,352.2	)	$	(207.2	)	$	(429.2	)	$	12.6		$	(416.6	)

11. Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net earnings attributable to RRD common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. In computing diluted earnings per share, basic earnings per share is adjusted for the assumed issuance of all potentially dilutive share-based awards, including stock options, restricted stock units and performance share units. Performance share units are excluded if the performance targets upon which the issuance of the shares is contingent have not been achieved and the respective performance period has not been completed as of the end of the current period. Additionally, stock options are considered anti-dilutive when the exercise price exceeds the average market value of our stock price during the applicable period. In periods when we are in a net loss, share-based awards are excluded from the calculation of earnings per share as their inclusion would have an anti-dilutive effect.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, no shares of common stock were purchased by us; however, shares were withheld for tax liabilities upon the vesting of equity awards.

The reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic and diluted earnings per share calculation and the anti-dilutive share-based awards for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
Basic and diluted net (loss) earnings per share attributable to RRD common stockholders:
Continuing operations	$	(0.03	)	$	0.10
Discontinued operations	$	0.01		$	(0.28	)
Net loss attributable to RR Donnelley stockholders	$	(0.02	)	$	(0.18	)

Numerator:
Net (loss) earnings attributable to RRD common stockholders - continuing operations	$	(1.9	)	$	6.9
Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes		0.6			(19.9	)
Net loss attributable to RRD common stockholders	$	(1.3	)	$	(13.0	)

Denominator:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - Basic and Diluted		72.7			71.6

Weighted average number of anti-dilutive share-based awards:
Stock options		0.3			0.4
Restricted stock units		0.8			1.0
Total		1.1			1.4

Dividends declared per common share	$	—		$	0.03

12. Other Comprehensive Loss

The components of other comprehensive loss and income tax expense (benefit) allocated to each component for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
	Before					Net of
	Tax			Income		Tax
	Amount			Tax		Amount
Translation adjustments	$	(10.2	)	$	—	$	(10.2	)
Adjustments for net periodic pension and OPEB cost		1.4			0.3		1.1
Change in fair value of derivatives		3.4			0.9		2.5
Other comprehensive (loss) income	$	(5.4	)	$	1.2	$	(6.6	)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2020
	Before						Net of
	Tax			Income			Tax
	Amount			Tax			Amount
Translation adjustments	$	(20.0	)	$	—		$	(20.0	)
Adjustments for net periodic pension and OPEB cost		1.0			0.2			0.8
Change in fair value of derivatives		(15.7	)		(3.7	)		(12.0	)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(34.7	)	$	(3.5	)	$	(31.2	)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component as of December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021, and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2021, were as follows:

	Changes in the Fair Value of Derivatives			Pension and OPEB Cost			Translation Adjustments			Total
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	(11.0	)	$	(178.5	)	$	35.6		$	(153.9	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		1.2			—			(10.0	)		(8.8	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		1.3			1.1			—			2.4
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive loss		2.5			1.1			(10.0	)		(6.4	)
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	(8.5	)	$	(177.4	)	$	25.6		$	(160.3	)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020, and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2020, were as follows:

	Changes in the Fair Value of Derivatives			Pension and OPEB Cost			Translation Adjustments			Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	1.0		$	(185.7	)	$	8.5		$	(176.2	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(11.8	)		—			(19.8	)		(31.6	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		(0.2	)		0.8			—			0.6
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive loss		(12.0	)		0.8			(19.8	)		(31.0	)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	(11.0	)	$	(184.9	)	$	(11.3	)	$	(207.2	)

Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Classification in the Condensed
	2021			2020			Consolidated Statements of Operations
Amortization of pension and OPEB cost:
Net actuarial loss	$	2.8		$	1.6		Investment and other income-net
Net prior service credit		(1.4	)		(0.6	)	Investment and other income-net
Reclassifications before tax		1.4			1.0
Income tax expense		0.3			0.2
Reclassification, net of tax	$	1.1		$	0.8

Derivatives:
Net realized income (loss)	$	1.3		$	(0.2	)	Interest expense-net
Reclassification, net of tax		1.3			(0.2	)
Total reclassifications, net of tax	$	2.4		$	0.6

13. Segment Information

Our segments and their product and service offerings are summarized below:

Business Services

Business Services provides customized solutions at scale to help clients inform, service and transact with their customers. The segment’s primary product and service offerings include commercial print, packaging, labels, statement printing, supply chain management, forms and business process outsourcing. This segment also includes all of our operations in Asia, Europe, Canada and Latin America.

Marketing Solutions

Marketing Solutions leverages an integrated portfolio of data analytics, creative services and multichannel execution to deliver comprehensive, end-to-end solutions. The segment’s primary product and service offerings include direct marketing, in-store marketing, digital print, kitting, fulfillment, digital and creative solutions and list services.

Corporate

Certain selling general and administrative expenses are not directly attributable to our operating segments and are therefore reported at Corporate. These expenses include executive, legal, finance, communications, certain facility costs and last-in-first-out inventory provisions. In addition, certain costs and earnings of employee benefit plans, such as pension and OPEB expense (income) and share-based compensation, are included in Corporate and not allocated to the operating segments. Corporate also manages our cash pooling structures, which enables participating international locations to draw on our international cash resources to meet local liquidity needs.

Information by Segment

We have disclosed income (loss) from operations as the primary measure of segment earnings (loss). This is the measure of profitability used by our chief operating decision-maker and is most consistent with the presentation of profitability reported within the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
															Assets of
								Income (Loss)			Depreciation				Operations
	Total		Intersegment			Net		from			and		Capital		As of
	Sales		Sales			Sales		Operations			Amortization		Expenditures		March 31, 2021
Business Services	$	936.0	$	(13.9	)	$	922.1	$	53.2		$	23.0	$	7.8	$	2,157.0
Marketing Solutions		255.6		(4.6	)		251.0		13.8			8.0		3.0		627.6
Total operating segments		1,191.6		(18.5	)		1,173.1		67.0			31.0		10.8		2,784.6
Corporate		—		—			—		(41.9	)		2.8		2.2		195.8
Total operations	$	1,191.6	$	(18.5	)	$	1,173.1	$	25.1		$	33.8	$	13.0	$	2,980.4

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2020
															Assets of
								Income (Loss)			Depreciation				Operations
	Total		Intersegment			Net		from			and		Capital		As of
	Sales		Sales			Sales		Operations			Amortization		Expenditures		December 31, 2020
Business Services	$	906.5	$	(13.4	)	$	893.1	$	37.7		$	24.4	$	10.7	$	2,220.9
Marketing Solutions		330.4		(6.6	)		323.8		24.9			14.2		1.6		674.3
Total operating segments		1,236.9		(20.0	)		1,216.9		62.6			38.6		12.3		2,895.2
Corporate		—		—			—		(29.5	)		0.6		5.4		235.7
Total operations	$	1,236.9	$	(20.0	)	$	1,216.9	$	33.1		$	39.2	$	17.7	$	3,130.9

Net restructuring, impairment and other expenses by segment are described in Note 7, Restructuring, Impairment and Other.

14. Commitments and Contingencies

We are subject to laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. We provide for expenses associated with environmental remediation obligations when such amounts are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are adjusted as new information develops or circumstances change and are generally not discounted. We have been designated as a potentially responsible party or have received claims in four active federal and state Superfund and other multiparty remediation sites. In addition to these sites, we may also have the obligation to remediate six other previously and currently owned facilities. At the Superfund sites, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act provides that our liability could be joint and several, meaning that we could be required to pay an amount in excess of our proportionate share of the remediation costs.

Our understanding of the financial strength of other potentially responsible parties at the multiparty sites and of other liable parties at the previously owned facilities has been considered, where appropriate, in the determination of our estimated liability. We believe that our recorded accruals, recorded in Accrued liabilities and other and Other noncurrent liabilities, are adequate to cover our share of the potential costs of remediation at each of the multiparty sites and the previously and currently owned facilities. It is not possible to quantify with certainty the potential impact of actions regarding environmental matters, particularly remediation and other compliance efforts that we may undertake in the future. However, in our opinion, compliance with the present environmental protection laws, before taking into account estimated recoveries from third parties, will not have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

In April 2019, we received a subpoena from the SEC related to previous business dealings with the Brazilian Ministry of Education. The SEC and Department of Justice (“DOJ”) are investigating the matter, and we are cooperating as they conduct their investigations. In addition, the Brazil authorities are also investigating the matter.

From time to time, our clients file voluntary petitions for reorganization under United States bankruptcy laws. In such cases, certain pre-petition payments received by us from these parties could be considered preference items and subject to return.

We also regularly investigate matters reported to our whistleblower hotline and are currently investigating matters in certain foreign locations. In addition, we may be party to litigation arising in the ordinary course of business.

We believe that the final resolution of these preference items, investigations, and litigation will not have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Contingencies related to LSC Communication, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“LSC”) and Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Donnelley Financial”)

Subsequent to the spinoff of LSC Communications, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“LSC”) and Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Donnelley Financial”) on October 1, 2016, we may be contingently liable for obligations under various operating leases for office, warehouse and manufacturing locations of LSC and Donnelley Financial. In the event that LSC or Donnelley Financial, or any successor lessee, fail to make lease payments or fail to pay other obligations under these lease agreements, we may be required to satisfy those obligations to the lessor. Our exposure to these potential contingent liabilities decreases over time as LSC and Donnelley Financial pay monthly lease obligations and as the leases expire. As of March 31, 2021 these potential contingent obligations were $43.4 million and $2.3 million for LSC and Donnelley Financial, respectively.

On April 13, 2020, LSC announced that it, along with most of its U.S. subsidiaries, voluntarily filed for business reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In September 2020, a third-party (the “Buyer”) offered to buy the assets and assume certain obligations of LSC. Although the buyer assumed the majority of LSC’s existing leases, we will continue to be contingently liable for these leases until their termination or renewal.

In May and June 2020 we became aware that LSC failed to make required monthly contributions to certain of their multiemployer pension plans (“MEPP”). In accordance with laws and regulations governing multiemployer pension plans, we believe that we and Donnelley Financial, as former members of the control group, are contingently liable on a joint and several liability basis for LSC’s MEPP obligations. We believe that the total undiscounted MEPP obligations for which LSC was responsible for was approximately $100 million and was payable over an average 13-year period. The amount of our ultimate liability related to LSC's MEPP obligations is contingent upon the outcome of our negotiations with Donnelley Financial concerning how the obligations would be apportioned between us and Donnelley Financial. These negotiations commenced during the third quarter of 2020, when the parties agreed to enter into mediation, and then arbitration, after an agreement was not reached though the mediation process. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, Donnelley Financial filed notice to commence the arbitration process. In 2020, we recorded a contingent liability of approximately $37.1 million representing our estimate of the aggregate payments we believe we will be required to make with respect to LSC’s MEPP liabilities. This amount however could be adjusted in the future based on the final allocation as a result of the arbitration process. Payments to settle this liability are scheduled to be completed by 2034.

During the first quarter of 2021, we and Donnelley Financial commenced negotiations with each of the three MEPPs to settle the MEPP liabilities. During the period, we successfully negotiated a settlement with one of the three plans and as a result recorded a $1.7 million gain in restructuring, impairment and other expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations reflecting our estimated share of the reduced liability. The settlement payment of $9.2 million was made in April 2021.

15. Debt

Debt at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
8.875% debentures due April 15, 2021	$	55.6		$	55.6
7.000% notes due February 15, 2022		79.3			79.3
6.500% notes due November 15, 2023		75.0			75.0
Term Loan due January 15, 2024 ^(a)		534.7			535.8
6.000% notes due April 1, 2024		61.7			61.7
8.250% notes due July 1, 2027		245.8			245.8
6.625% debentures due April 15, 2029		103.4			103.4
8.500% notes due April 15, 2029		302.1			301.6
8.820% debentures due April 15, 2031		54.5			54.5
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(9.0	)		(9.6	)
Total debt		1,503.1			1,503.1
Less: current portion		140.4			61.1
Long-term debt	$	1,362.7		$	1,442.0

(a)	As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the interest rate on the Term Loan due January 15, 2024 was 5.11% and 5.15%, respectively.

The fair values of the notes and debentures, which were determined using the market approach based upon quoted prices or interest rates available to us for debt obligations with similar terms and maturities, were determined to be Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of our total debt at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was greater than its book value by approximately $170.6 million and $142.9 million, respectively.

We entered into an $800.0 million senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Credit Facility”) on September 29, 2017, pursuant to a credit agreement (the “ABL Credit Agreement”). The ABL Credit Facility was amended on October 15, 2018 and was scheduled to mature on September 29, 2022. On April 16, 2021, we amended the ABL Credit Agreement to, among other things, reduce the aggregate commitments under the ABL Credit Facility from $800.0 million to $650.0 million and extend the maturity date to April 16, 2026.

The amount available to be borrowed under the ABL Credit Facility is equal to the lesser of (a) $650.0 million ($800.0 million as of March 31, 2021) and (b) a borrowing base formula based on the amount of accounts receivable, inventory, machinery, equipment and, if we were to so elect in the future subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, fee-owned real estate of ours and our material domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain eligibility criteria and advance rates (collectively, the “Borrowing Base”). The aggregate amount of real estate, machinery and equipment that can be included in the Borrowing Base formula is limited to $175.0 million.

Borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility bear interest at a rate dependent on the average quarterly availability and is calculated according to a base rate (except in certain circumstances, based on the prime rate) or a Eurocurrency rate (except in certain circumstances, based on LIBOR) plus an applicable margin. As currently amended, the applicable margin for base rate loans ranges from 0.25% to 0.75% and the applicable margin for Eurocurrency loans ranges from 1.25% to 1.75%. In addition, a fee is payable quarterly on the unused portion of the total commitments. This fee accrues at a rate of either 0.25% or 0.375% depending upon the average usage of the facility. Borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes.

Based on our Borrowing Base as of March 31, 2021 and letters of credit, we had approximately $512.0 million borrowing capacity available under the ABL Credit Facility. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under our ABL Credit Facility was 1.6% and 2.7% during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. There were no outstanding borrowings on our ABL Credit Facility as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

On October 15, 2018, we entered into a $550.0 million senior secured term loan B (the “Term Loan”) pursuant to a credit agreement (the “Term Loan Credit Agreement”). The Term Loan is scheduled to mature on January 15, 2024, at which time the remaining outstanding balance under the Term Loan will be due and payable. Principal payments of $1.4 million are due quarterly. The Term Loan bears interest based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a margin of 5% or a base rate plus a margin of 4%.

On April 15, 2021, we repaid the remaining $55.6 million aggregate principle of our 8.875% Debentures using a draw on our ABL Credit Facility.

On April 28, 2021, we completed an offering of $400 million aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior secured notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”). The Notes are general senior secured obligations of the Company and are guaranteed by our domestic, wholly-owned subsidiaries that are guarantors of the ABL Credit Facility and Term Loan. Interest on the 2026 Notes is payable semi-annually on May 1 and November 1 of each year, commencing on November 1, 2021. The Notes mature on November 1, 2026.

The ABL Credit Agreement, Term Loan Credit Agreement, and the indenture for the 2026 Notes (the “2026 Notes Indenture”) contain customary affirmative and negative covenants including negative covenants restricting, among other things, our ability to incur or guarantee debt, or issue preferred stock, make certain loans or investments, make certain restricted payments (including payments on certain other debt, external dividends, and stock repurchases), incur liens securing other debt, consummate certain fundamental transactions, enter into certain transactions with affiliates and consummate asset sales. The ABL Credit Agreement contains a covenant which requires us to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.0 to 1.0 if availability under the ABL Credit Facility declines below certain levels. The Term Loan Credit Agreement and the 2026 Notes Indenture require that the net cash proceeds of significant asset sales be used to prepay the Term Loan and purchase the 2026 Notes to the extent that the net cash proceeds are not used for reinvestment in assets useful to our business, certain acquisitions and investments, repayment of certain borrowings under our ABL Credit Facility or to reduce, prepay, repay or purchase certain indebtedness, in each case, subject to certain restrictions and limitations set forth in the Term Loan Credit Agreement and the 2026 Notes Indenture.

Interest paid was $22.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and $23.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Interest income was $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

16. Derivatives

All derivatives are recorded as other current or noncurrent assets or other current or noncurrent liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at their respective fair values. Unrealized gains and losses related to derivatives are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, or in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes, depending on the purpose for which the derivative is held. At the inception of a hedge transaction, we formally document the hedge relationship and the risk management objective for undertaking the hedge. In addition, we assess both at inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative in the hedging transaction has been highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the hedged item and whether the derivative is expected to continue to be highly effective. The impact of any ineffectiveness is also recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

We are exposed to the impact of foreign currency fluctuations based on our global operations. Foreign currency fluctuations affect the U.S. dollar value of revenues earned and expenses incurred in foreign currencies. We are also exposed to currency risk to the extent we own assets or incur liabilities, or enter into other transactions that are not in the functional currency of the subsidiary in which we operate. We employ different practices to manage these risks, including where appropriate the use of derivative instruments, such as foreign currency forwards. To the extent the gains and losses associated with the fair values of foreign currency derivatives are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, they are generally offset by gains and losses on underlying payables and receivables. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The aggregate notional value of the forward contracts at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $363.3 million and $220.7 million, respectively. The fair values of foreign currency contracts were determined to be Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy and are valued using market exchange rates.

In 2019 and 2020, we entered into interest rate swap agreements to manage interest rate risk exposure, effectively changing the interest rate on $400.0 million of our floating-rate Term Loan based on LIBOR to a fixed-rate. The interest rate swaps, with a notional value of $400.0 million, were designated as cash flow hedges against the variability of cash flows associated with our Term Loan scheduled to mature on January 15, 2024, which are attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate.

The fair values of interest rate swaps were determined to be Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy and were developed using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future variable cash payments and the discounted expected fixed cash receipts. Credit valuation adjustments, which consider the impact of any credit enhancements to the contracts, are incorporated in the fair values to account for potential nonperformance risk. We evaluate the credit value adjustments of the interest rate swap agreements, which take into account the possibility of counterparty and our own default, on at least a quarterly basis.

Our foreign currency contracts and interest rate swaps are subject to master netting agreements that allow us to settle positive and negative positions with the respective counterparties. Under these master netting agreements, net settlement generally permits us or the counterparty to determine the net amount payable for contracts due on the same date and in the same currency for similar types of derivative transactions. The master netting agreements generally also provide for net settlement of all outstanding contracts with a counterparty in the case of an event of default or a termination event.

We manage credit risk for our derivative positions on a counterparty-by-counterparty basis, considering the net portfolio exposure with each counterparty, consistent with our risk management strategy for such transactions. Our agreements with each of our counterparties contain a provision where we could be declared in default on our derivative obligations if we either default or, in certain cases, are capable of being declared in default of any of our indebtedness greater than specified thresholds. These agreements also contain a provision where we could be declared in default subsequent to a merger or restructuring type event if the creditworthiness of the resulting entity is materially weakened.

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair values of our derivative financial instruments and their classifications on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows:

	Classification on Consolidated Balance Sheets	March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Derivative assets
Foreign currency contracts:
Not designated as hedging instruments	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	0.3	$	5.9

Derivative liabilities
Foreign currency contracts:
Not designated as hedging instruments	Accrued liabilities and other	$	3.5	$	2.3
Interest rate swap agreements:
Designated as cash flow hedges	Accrued liabilities and other		5.0		5.0
Designated as cash flow hedges	Other noncurrent liabilities		6.2		9.6

The pre-tax losses (gains) recognized on derivative financial instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

		Three Months Ended March 31,
	Classification of Loss (Gain) Recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations	2021		2020
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Foreign currency contracts	Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	2.4	$	1.2
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Interest rate swap agreements	Interest expense, net		1.3		(0.2	)

The pre-tax (gains) losses recognized on derivative financial instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021			2020
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Interest rate swap agreements	$	(2.1	)	$	15.5

17. New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12 “Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740)” (“ASU 2019-12”), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740 related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The standard also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. ASU 2019-12 is effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, however early adoption was permitted. We adopted ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2021 and will reflect changes as appropriate, and no changes are necessary to earlier periods.

Accounting Pronouncements Issued and Not Yet Adopted

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform, which provides companies with optional guidance, including expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts and other transactions affected by reference rate reform, such as LIBOR, was effective upon issuance and will be applied to future contracts with changes to the reference rate. To date, we have had no such modification to any of our contracts. We are currently evaluating the prospective impact of the standard, and we will adopt ASU 2020-04 upon such contract modification. The impact of the standard is not expected to be material to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Company Overview

R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company (“RRD,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our”), a Delaware corporation, helps organizations communicate more effectively by working to create, manage, produce, distribute and process content on behalf of our clients. We assist clients in developing and executing multichannel communication strategies that engage audiences, reduce costs, drive revenues and enhance compliance. Our innovative content management offering, production platform, supply chain management, outsourcing capabilities and customized consultative expertise assists our clients in the delivery of integrated messages across multiple media to highly targeted audiences at optimal times to their customers in virtually every private and public sector. We have strategically located operations that provide local service and responsiveness while leveraging the economic, geographic and technological advantages of a global organization.

Segment Descriptions

Our segments and their product and service offerings are summarized below:

Business Services

Marketing Solutions

Corporate

Certain selling general and administrative expenses are not directly attributable to our operating segments and are therefore reported at Corporate. These expenses include executive, legal, finance, communications, certain facility costs and last-in-first-out inventory provisions. In addition, certain costs and earnings of employee benefit plans, such as OPEB expense (income) and share-based compensation, are included in Corporate and not allocated to the operating segments. Corporate also manages our cash pooling structures, which enables participating international locations to draw on our international cash resources to meet local liquidity needs.

Discontinued Operations

In the fourth quarter of 2020, we completed our plan to exit our Logistics business which was a component of the Business Services reporting segment. The Logistics business was comprised of DLS Worldwide, International Logistics, Print Logistics and Courier Logistics. On November 2, 2020, we sold DLS Worldwide and on November 3, 2020 we sold International Logistics for a cash purchase price of $225.0 million and $13.0 million respectively, subject to customary working capital adjustments. The DLS Worldwide sale included an escrow of $22.5 million. These transactions are part of our strategy to optimize our portfolio and reduce debt. As part of our plan, we previously sold the Print Logistics business in July 2018 and the Courier Logistics business in March 2020. Accordingly, we have reflected the Print Logistics business, Courier Logistics business, the DLS Worldwide business, and the International Logistics business as discontinued operations. The financial results of these businesses have been excluded from continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented unless otherwise noted. Refer to Note 2 –Discontinued Operations to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Executive Overview

Response to COVID-19

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic created, and continues to create, significant business challenges for companies around the world, including many of our clients across the broad number of industries we serve. In response to the pandemic, we established a formal operating plan that we are utilizing to manage our business through this challenging global business environment. Our operating plan consists of three very clear priorities: to protect the health and safety of our employees, to sustain operational and supply chain continuity, and to effectively manage our business performance and liquidity throughout this very volatile period.

EMPLOYEES HEALTH AND SAFETY

We are continually evolving our policies and procedures to adhere to the latest best practices being provided by the Centers for Disease Control (“CDC”) and World Health Organization (“WHO”). Our cross-functional COVID Task Force created at the onset of the pandemic has developed safety measures, policies, and procedures for our workplace. We have implemented flexible working policies, including telecommuting and staggered shifts, while allowing for voluntary leaves of absence. Currently, approximately 10,000 employees, including those providing essential services are working from home. For our offices, we have developed a phased approach for slowly and cautiously ending remote work arrangements when deemed practical. We are also enforcing social distancing policies within all of our facilities, and we are providing training for adherence to personal hygiene best practices in line with CDC and WHO guidelines. In response to the CDC recommendation that all individuals in the U.S. wear face masks, we are supplying our essential employees with a combination of disposable and cloth masks, as well as face shields, to ensure their safety and protection.

SUPPLY CHAIN CONTINUITY

We have activated our business continuity plans and are leveraging our strong supply chain partnerships to continue to meet the ongoing needs of our 30,000 global clients. We remain fully operational across the 28 countries in which we operate.

BUSINESS IMPACT

Although the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the Company’s financial results in 2020, and continues to impact our performance in 2021, we believe that there are three primary factors that are helping mitigate the top line impact from the pandemic. These factors include our diverse portfolio of products and services, the lack of client concentration, and the products and services we have introduced to meet the evolving needs of our clients.

The extent to which the pandemic will continue to impact our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows will depend on future developments which remain highly uncertain and cannot be fully predicted or estimated at this time. However, amidst the global uncertainty posed by COVID-19, we are positioning the Company to weather the economic downturn and protect the short and long-term interests of our stakeholders. Continuing into 2021, we remain laser-focused on lowering our cost structure and on cash generation.

First Quarter Overview

Net sales decreased by $43.8 million, or 3.6%, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020, representing our lowest rate of quarterly decline in net sales since the COVID-19 pandemic first impacted our global operations. First quarter net sales were favorably impacted by $14.5 million due to favorable changes in foreign exchange rates and were unfavorably impacted by $6.5 million due to the Chile business closure in 2020. In addition to these factors, net sales decreased due to the on-going effects of the pandemic and last year’s Census project, which was completed in mid-2020. This was partially offset by continued strength in several of our strategic growth products and services including packaging, labels, and supply chain management. Income from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $25.1 million, a decrease of $8.0 million compared to the prior year. The decrease was driven primarily by lower sales.

We continue to assess opportunities to reduce our cost structure and enhance productivity throughout the business. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we realized significant cost savings from previous restructuring activities including the reorganization of administrative and support functions across all segments, several facility consolidations, and asset rationalization. These savings were partially offset by the effect of unfavorable exchange rates and higher incentive compensation expense. Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) decreased by $6.6 million, or 4.1%, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $18.9 million as compared to $79.6 million used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The significant improvement was primarily driven by working capital improvements.

While we have a diversified client base with limited concentration, we do have clients that operate in industries hard-hit by the effects of the pandemic, including airlines, hotel chains, cruise lines, and restaurants. During the first quarter, we continued to see softer demand from these clients as they work to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on their business. Softer demand from these clients is partially offset by new work we continue to win, particularly in the healthcare space.

Outlook

As COVID-19 infection rates remain elevated in many parts of the world, the year ahead continues to present many uncertainties. Excluding the unpredictable impact from changes in foreign exchange rates and the possible impact from future inflation and labor availability, we continue to expect net sales for 2021 to be flat to up low single digits taking into consideration reductions from the ending of the Census project and one-time pandemic related projects completed in 2020 offset by a modest economic recovery as the year progresses.

Our outlook assumes that the U.S. economy and the economies of the foreign countries in which we operate will continue to recover from the economic effects of COVID-19, although the recovery may be uneven given the uncertainty of the pandemic. We continue to leverage our client relationships in order to provide a larger share of their communications needs. In addition, we expect to continue cost control and productivity initiatives, including selected facility consolidations and asset rationalizations.

We initiated several restructuring actions during the past three years to further reduce our overall cost structure. These restructuring actions included the closures of manufacturing facilities as well as the reorganization and consolidation of certain operations. These and future cost reduction actions are expected to have a positive impact on operating earnings in 2021 and in future years. In addition, we expect to implement other cost reduction opportunities, which may result in additional restructuring charges. These restructuring actions will be funded by cash generated from operations and cash on hand or, if necessary, by utilizing our credit facilities.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AS COMPARED TO THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2020

The following table shows the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021		2020		$ Change			% Change
	(in millions, except percentages)
Net sales		1,173.1		1,216.9		(43.8	)		(3.6	%)
Cost of sales		949.0		968.6		(19.6	)		(2.0	%)
Gross profit		224.1		248.3		(24.2	)		(9.7	%)
Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		153.3		159.9		(6.6	)		(4.1	%)
Restructuring, impairment and other-net		5.8		11.2		(5.4	)		(48.2	%)
Depreciation and amortization		33.8		39.2		(5.4	)		(13.8	%)
Other operating expense		6.1		4.9		1.2			24.5	%
Income from operations	$	25.1	$	33.1	$	(8.0	)		(24.2	%)

Consolidated

Continuing Operations

Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2021 decreased $43.8 million, or 3.6%, to $1,173.1 million versus the same period in 2020. First quarter net sales were favorably impacted by $14.5 million due to favorable changes in foreign exchange rates and were unfavorably impacted by $6.5 million due to the Chile business closure in 2020. In addition to these factors, net sales decreased due to lower volume as a result of the ongoing pandemic, including reduced orders from customers in industries especially hard hit by the pandemic, and last year’s Census project, which was completed in mid-2020. This was partially offset by continued strength in several of our strategic growth products and services including packaging, labels and supply chain management.

Cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2021 decreased $19.6 million, or 2.0%, to $949.0 million versus the same period in 2020 primarily due to lower volume partially offset by cost control initiatives.

Gross profit decreased $24.2 million to $224.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 versus the same period in 2020, primarily due to lower volume. Gross margin decreased from 20.4% to 19.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 versus the same period in 2020 primarily reflecting the impact of unfavorable foreign exchange rates.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $6.6 million to $153.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 versus the same period in 2020 reflecting cost control initiatives. As a percentage of net sales, selling, general and administrative expenses was 13.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 which is unchanged from the same period in 2020.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, net restructuring, impairment and other expense decreased by $5.4 million to $5.8 million versus the same period in 2020. The decrease was primarily driven by lower restructuring activity and a modest gain related to the settlement of certain LSC MEPP liabilities. See Note 7, Restructuring, Impairment, and Other, and Note 14, Commitment and Contingencies within the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

Depreciation and amortization decreased $5.4 million to $33.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020. Depreciation and amortization included $4.7 million and $4.9 million of amortization of other intangible assets related to client relationships, trade names, trademarks, licenses and agreements for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Other operating expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $6.1 million compared to $4.9 million for the same period in 2020, primarily reflecting increased legal expenses related to the ongoing SEC and DOJ investigations.

Income from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $25.1 million, a decrease of $8.0 million, or 24.2%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020			$ Change			% Change
	(in millions, except percentages)
Interest expense-net	$	30.5		$	33.9		$	(3.4	)		(10.0	%)
Investment and other income-net		(4.8	)		(4.0	)		0.8			20.0	%

Net interest expense decreased $3.4 million to $30.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 versus the same period in 2020, primarily due to lower average outstanding borrowings and lower average interest rates on the ABL Credit Facility and Term Loan.

Investment and other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $4.8 million and $4.0 million, respectively, and principally comprised of net pension and OPEB income.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020			$ Change			% Change
	(in millions, except percentages)
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes	$	(0.6	)	$	3.2		$	(3.8	)	nm
Income tax expense (benefit)		1.1			(3.8	)		(4.9	)	nm

Income tax expense (benefit) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 was primarily driven by the mix of earnings and the tax impact of our interest expense. The March 31, 2020 income tax benefit reflected a benefit from the CARES Act whereby additional interest expense was deductible for 2019 (approximately $6.9 million) and 2020.

Discontinued Operations

Net income from discontinued operations was $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to a loss of $19.9 million in the same period in 2020. The net income from discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 reflects the settlement of certain contingencies associated with the business divestitures and final net working capital adjustments. The net loss from discontinued operations in the first quarter of 2020 was primarily driven by a $20.6 million non-cash charge related to impairment of goodwill and $8.3 million pre-tax loss on the sale of our Courier business.

Net loss attributable to RRD common stockholders was $1.3 million and $13.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Information by Segment

Business Services

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
	(in millions, except percentages)
Net sales	$	922.1		$	893.1
Income from operations		53.2			37.7
Operating margin		5.8	%		4.2	%
Restructuring, impairment and other-net		3.4			5.7
Other operating expense		—			0.2

Net sales for the Business Services segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 were $922.1 million, an increase of $29.0 million, or 3.2%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. Net sales increased $14.5 million due to favorable changes in foreign exchange rates and declined $6.5 million due to the Chile business closure in 2020. Net sales also increased due to the continued strength in certain of our strategic growth products and services including packaging, labels and supply chain management. While many of our global operations continued to be negatively impacted by the ongoing pandemic, our net sales increase in China, which primarily benefited our packaging product line, more than offset these declines since the operations in China were closed for approximately one month in 2020 due to the pandemic. The following table summarizes net sales by products and services in the Business Services segment:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Products and Services	2021		2020		$ Change			% Change
	(in millions, except percentages)
Commercial print	$	336.5	$	363.4	$	(26.9	)		(7.4	%)
Packaging		174.4		115.1		59.3			51.5	%
Labels		128.7		121.6		7.1			5.8	%
Statements		118.5		126.9		(8.4	)		(6.6	%)
Supply chain management		72.7		69.7		3.0			4.3	%
Forms		48.8		52.4		(3.6	)		(6.9	%)
Business process outsourcing		42.5		44.0		(1.5	)		(3.4	%)
Total Business Services	$	922.1	$	893.1	$	29.0			3.2	%

Business Services segment income from operations increased $15.5 million to $53.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, primarily due to increased volume and cost reductions, partially offset by the impact of unfavorable foreign exchange rates of approximately $10 million.

Marketing Solutions

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
	(in millions, except percentages)
Net sales	$	251.0		$	323.8
Income from operations		13.8			24.9
Operating margin		5.5	%		7.7	%
Restructuring and other-net		2.2			0.5

Net sales for the Marketing Solutions segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 were $251.0 million, a decrease of $72.8 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. Net sales decreased due to lower volume in direct marketing attributable to the 2020 census contract, which was substantially completed in mid-2020, and lower order volume, especially from financial institutions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The following table summarizes net sales by products and services in the Marketing Solutions segment:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Products and Services	2021		2020		$ Change			% Change
	(in millions, except percentages)
Direct marketing	$	130.9	$	182.8	$	(51.9	)		(28.4	%)
Digital print and fulfillment		97.5		113.6		(16.1	)		(14.2	%)
Digital and creative solutions		22.6		27.4		(4.8	)		(17.5	%)
Total Marketing Solutions	$	251.0	$	323.8	$	(72.8	)		(22.5	%)

Marketing Solutions segment income from operations decreased $11.1 million to $13.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily due to lower volume.

Corporate

Corporate operating expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2021 were $41.9 million, compared to $29.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, an increase of $12.4 million. The increase was primarily driven by increased incentive compensation expense, in part attributable to an increase in our stock price, and an increase in expenses related to the ongoing SEC and DOJ investigations, partially offset by cost control initiatives.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

We believe that we have sufficient liquidity to support our ongoing operations and to invest in future growth to create value for our stockholders. Our operating cash flows, existing cash balances and available capacity under our asset-based senior secured revolving credit facility (the “ABL Credit Facility”) are our primary sources of liquidity and are expected to be used for, among other things, capital expenditures necessary to support productivity, completion of restructuring programs and payment of interest and principal on our long-term debt obligations.

The following describes our cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020			$ Change
	(in millions)
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(18.9	)	$	(79.6	)	$	60.7
Net cash used in investing activities		(11.3	)		(0.3	)		(11.0	)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(4.7	)		345.9			(350.6	)
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(2.1	)		(6.0	)		3.9
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(37.0	)	$	260.0		$	(297.0	)

Operating cash inflows are largely attributable to sales of our products and services. Operating cash outflows are largely attributable to recurring expenditures for raw materials, labor, rent, interest, taxes and other operating activities.

Net cash used in operating activities was $18.9 million compared to $79.6 million in 2020. The improvement in cash used in operating activities was primarily due to working capital improvements.

Included in net cash used in operating activities were the following operating cash outflows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021		2020		$ Change
	(in millions)
Income tax payments, net of tax refunds	$	9.3	$	6.1	$	3.2
Interest payments		22.9		23.5		(0.6	)
Performance-based compensation payments		39.0		27.5		11.5
Restructuring and MEPP payments		12.3		11.8		0.5
Pension and other postretirement benefits plan contributions		1.9		4.0		(2.1	)
LSC bankruptcy related payments		9.4		—		9.4

Significant cash (outflows) inflows included in investing and financing activities for each period were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020			$ Change
	(in millions)
Capital expenditures	$	(13.0	)	$	(17.7	)	$	4.7
Proceeds from sale of investments and other assets		2.4			2.9			(0.5	)
Disposition of businesses		(0.8	)		12.9			(13.7	)
Payments of current maturities and long-term debt		(1.4	)		(58.7	)		57.3
Net borrowings under credit facilities		—			408.0			(408.0	)
Dividends paid		—			(2.1	)		2.1

Proceeds from disposition of businesses in 2020 principally reflect the sale of the Courier Logistics business.

Payments of current maturities and long-term debt in the first quarter of 2020 represents repurchases of outstanding debt with maturities from 2020 to 2024 along with the repayment of the remaining balance of the notes that matured on June 15, 2020. We had no borrowings outstanding under our ABL Credit Facility at the end of the first quarter of 2021. In the first quarter of 2020, we increased our borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility to retain financial flexibility in light of the emerging COVID-19 pandemic.

LIQUIDITY

Cash and cash equivalents of $261.6 million as of March 31, 2021 included $24.1 million in the U.S. and $237.5 million at international locations. Included in Cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2021 were $24.6 million of short-term investments, which primarily consisted of short-term deposits and money market funds. These investments are held at institutions with sound credit ratings and are expected to be highly liquid. We maintain cash pooling structures that enable participating international locations to draw on our international cash resources to meet local liquidity needs. Foreign cash balances may be loaned from certain cash pools to U.S. operating entities on a temporary basis in order to reduce our short-term borrowing costs or for other purposes. In future years, as a result of the Tax Act, we have further opportunities to repatriate foreign cash, primarily generated from current year earnings, in a tax efficient manner.

The current availability under the ABL Credit Facility as of March 31, 2021 is shown in the table below:

	March 31, 2021
Availability	(in millions)
Borrowing base	$	575.3

Usage
Borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility	$	—
Outstanding letters of credit		63.3

Current availability at March 31, 2021	$	512.0
Cash and cash equivalents		261.6
Total available liquidity ^(a)	$	773.6

(a)	Total available liquidity does not include credit facilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries, which are uncommitted facilities.

The failure of a financial institution supporting the ABL Credit Facility would reduce the size of our committed facility unless a replacement institution was added. At March 31, 2021, the ABL Credit Facility was supported by eight U.S. financial institutions.

On March 10, 2021, Moody’s Investors Service changed our outlook to stable from negative and affirmed our ratings. On March 18, 2021, Standard & Poor’s changed our outlook to stable from negative and affirmed our ratings.

On April 16, 2021, we amended the ABL Credit Agreement to, among other things, reduce the aggregate commitments under the ABL Credit Facility from $800 million to $650 million and extend the maturity from September 29, 2022 to April 16, 2026.

On April 28, 2021, we completed an offering of $400 million aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior secured notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”). The 2026 Notes are general senior secured obligations of the Company and will be guaranteed by our domestic, wholly-owned subsidiaries that guarantee the Company’s Term Loan and ABL Credit Facility.

The Company used the net proceeds from the 2026 Notes offering to repay approximately $338 million aggregate principal amount outstanding under the Term Loan, with the remainder to repay a portion of the borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility and for general corporate purposes. We also intend to terminate $300 million of interest rate swaps related to the Term Loan, and expect to record approximately $9 million in expenses associated with the termination during the second quarter of 2021.

Dispositions

During the fourth quarter of 2017, we entered into an agreement to sell a printing facility in Shenzhen, China and transfer the related land use rights. As of March 31, 2021, we have received deposits in accordance with the terms of the agreement of approximately $123.3 million. These deposits are recorded in Other noncurrent liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The buyer continues to work to obtain the necessary approvals from the government regarding their plans to redevelop the site. Gross proceeds from the sale are expected to be approximately $250.0 million, subject to changes in the exchange rate, and we expect the transaction to close in 2022 after closing conditions are satisfied and government approvals are obtained. Our contract with the buyer requires them to pay the final installment in 2022 even if the government’s approval is further delayed. If the buyer fails to comply with terms of the agreement or terminates for any reason, we are entitled to retain 30% of the purchase price as liquidated damages. As of March 31, 2021, the carrying cost of the building and land use rights is recorded in Other noncurrent assets and is not material.

Dividends

On April 6, 2020, the Board of Directors of the Company made a decision to suspend all dividends payments as part of the Company’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic. See Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Executive Overview, Response to COVID-19 Section for further discussion.

MANAGEMENT OF MARKET RISK

We are exposed to interest rate risk on our variable debt and price risk on our fixed-rate debt. Including the effect of the floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps (see Note 16, Derivatives, to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements), approximately 91.0% of our outstanding debt was comprised of fixed-rate debt as of March 31, 2021.

We assess market risk based on changes in interest rates utilizing a sensitivity analysis that measures the potential loss in earnings, fair values and cash flows based on a hypothetical 10% change in interest rates. Using this sensitivity analysis, such changes would not have a material effect on interest income or expense and cash flows and would change the fair values of fixed-rate debt at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 by approximately $20.7 million and $23.7 million, respectively.

We are exposed to the impact of foreign currency fluctuations based on our global operations. Foreign currency fluctuations affect the U.S. dollar value of revenues earned and expenses incurred in foreign currencies. We are also exposed to currency risk to the extent we own assets or incur liabilities, or enter into other transactions that are not in the functional currency of the subsidiary in which we operate. We employ different practices to manage these risks, including where appropriate the use of derivative instruments, such as foreign currency forwards. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the aggregate notional amount of outstanding foreign currency contracts was approximately $363.3 million and $220.7 million, respectively (see Note 16, Derivatives, to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements). The net unrealized loss from these foreign currency contracts were $3.3 million at March 31, 2021 and the net unrealized gain was $3.6 million at December 31, 2020. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

OTHER INFORMATION

Litigation and Contingent Liabilities

For a discussion of certain litigation, see Note 14, Commitments and Contingencies, to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

New Accounting Pronouncements and Pending Accounting Standards

Recently issued accounting standards and their estimated effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements are described in Note 17, New Accounting Pronouncements, to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and any documents incorporated by reference contain forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and are based on our beliefs and assumptions. Generally, forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future actions, events, or results of operations. These statements may include, or be preceded or followed by, the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “might,” “could,” “would,” “potential,” “possible,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “hope” or similar expressions and their negative variations. We claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for all forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. The factors identified below are believed to be significant factors, but not necessarily all of the significant factors, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Unpredictable or unknown factors could also have material effects on us.

The following important factors, in addition to those discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and under the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, could affect our future results and could cause those results or other outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements:

•

adverse changes in global economic conditions and the resulting effect on the businesses of our clients, including changes related to COVID-19;

•

demand for our products and services, including fluctuating orders specifically related to COVID-19;

•

adverse changes in global economic conditions and the resulting effect on the businesses of our clients;

•

changes in customer preferences or a failure to otherwise manage relationships with our significant clients;

•

loss of brand reputation and decreases in quality of client support and service offerings;

•

political and regulatory risks and uncertainty in the countries in which we operate or sell our products and services;

•

taxation related risks in multiple jurisdictions;

•

adverse credit market conditions and other issues that may affect our ability to obtain future financing on favorable terms;

•

limitations on our borrowing capacity in our credit facilities;

•

increases in interest rates;

•

our ability to make payments on, reduce or extinguish any of our material indebtedness;

•

changes in the availability or costs of key materials (such as ink, and paper) or increases in shipping costs; additionally, shipping quotas imposed by major carriers such as Fedex and UPS may impact our cost of shipping and our ability to timely fulfil orders;

•

our ability to improve operating efficiency rapidly enough to meet market conditions;

•

impairment of assets as a result of a decline in our individual reporting units’ expected profitability;

•

our ability and/or our vendors’ ability to implement and maintain information technology and security measures sufficient to protect against breaches and data leakage or the failure to properly use and protect customer, Company and employee information and data, particularly in light of the increased prevalence of remote working arrangements during COVID-19;

•

a failure in or breach of data held in the computer systems we and our vendors maintain;

•

increased pricing pressure as a result of the competitive environment in which we operate;

•

our ability to execute on our portfolio optimization strategies, including potential sales of non-core assets;

•

increasing health care and benefits costs for employees and retirees;

•

changes in our pension and OPEB obligations;

•

adverse trends or events in our operations outside of the United States;

•

the effect of inflation, changes in currency exchange rates and changes in interest rates;

•

catastrophic events which may damage our facilities or otherwise disrupt the business;

•

the effect of changes in laws and regulations, including changes in accounting standards, trade, tax, environmental compliance, health and welfare benefits, price controls and other regulatory matters and the cost, which could be substantial, of complying with these laws and regulations;

•

changes in the regulations applicable to our clients, which may adversely impact demand for our products and services;

•

factors that affect client demand, including changes in postal rates, postal regulations and service levels, changes in the capital markets, changes in advertising markets, clients’ budgetary constraints and changes in clients’ short-range and long-range plans;

•

failures or errors in our products and services;

•

changes in technology, including electronic substitution and migration of paper based documents to digital data formats, and our ability to adapt to these changes;

•

inability to hire and retain a skilled and diverse workforce;

•

potential contingent obligations related to leases, multiemployer pension plan liabilities, environmental liabilities, and other liabilities associated with the bankruptcy of LSC;

•

the spinoffs resulting in significant tax liability; and

•

other risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in our filings with the SEC.

Because forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. There may be other risks and uncertainties that we are unable to identify at this time or that we do not currently expect to have a material impact on the business. Undue reliance should not be placed on such statements, which speak only as of the date of this document or the date of any document that may be incorporated by reference into this document.

Consequently, readers of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should consider these forward-looking statements only as our current plans, estimates and beliefs. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect any new events or any change in conditions or circumstances.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

See Item 2 of Part I under “Management of Market Risk.” There have been no significant changes to our market risk since December 31, 2020. For a discussion of exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, set forth in our 2020 Form 10-K.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a)	Disclosure controls and procedures.

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective disclosure controls and procedures, as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. As of March 31, 2021, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2021 were effective in ensuring information required to be disclosed in our SEC reports was recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information was accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b)	Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 that had materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We have not experienced any material impact to our internal controls over financial reporting despite the fact that most of our employees are working remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are continually monitoring and assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our internal controls to ensure they remain effective.

PART II— OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For a discussion of certain litigation, see Note 14, Commitments and Contingencies, to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There is no material change in the information reported under "Part 1 -Item 1A Risk Factors" contained in our annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no issuer purchases of equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

The ABL Credit Agreement and Term Loan Credit Agreement contain customary affirmative and negative covenants including negative covenants restricting, among other things, our ability to incur debt, make investments, make certain restricted payments (including payments on certain other debt and external dividends), incur liens securing other debt, consummate certain fundamental transactions, enter into transactions with affiliates and consummate asset sales.

Item 6. Exhibits



31.1*		Certification by Daniel L. Knotts, President and Chief Executive Officer, required by Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

31.2*		Certification by Terry D. Peterson, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, required by Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

32.1**		Certification by Daniel L. Knotts, President and Chief Executive Officer, required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code

32.2**		Certification by Terry D. Peterson, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code

101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

*	Filed herewith

**	Furnished herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

R.R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY

By:		/s/ TERRY D. PETERSON
		Terry D. Peterson
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer

Date: April 28, 2021