ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
(Zip Code) |
Title of each class |
Trading Symbol(s) |
Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
one-half of one redeemable warrant |
Markets Group, Inc. | |||
Markets Group, Inc. | ||||
exercisable for one Class A ordinary share at an exercise price of $11.50 |
Markets Group, Inc. | |||
one-tenth of one Class A ordinary share |
Markets Group, Inc. |
Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||
Non-accelerated filer |
☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||||
Emerging growth company |
• | loss of revenue, property, and equipment or delays in operations as a result of hazards such as expropriation, war, piracy, acts of terrorism, insurrection, civil unrest, and other political risks, including tension and confrontations among political parties; |
• | transparency issues in general and, more specifically, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act, and other anti-corruption compliance laws and issues; |
• | increases in taxes and governmental royalties; |
• | unilateral renegotiation of contracts by governmental entities; |
• | redefinition of international boundaries or boundary disputes; |
• | difficulties enforcing our rights against a governmental agency because of the doctrine of sovereign immunity and foreign sovereignty over international operations; |
• | difficulties enforcing our rights against a governmental agency in the absence of an appropriate and adequate dispute resolution mechanism to address contractual disputes, such as international arbitration; |
• | changes in laws and policies governing operations of foreign-based companies; |
• | foreign-exchange restrictions; and |
• | international monetary fluctuations and changes in the relative value of the U.S. dollar as compared to the currencies of other countries in which we conduct business. |
Item 1.B. |
Unresolved Staff Comments. |
Item 1.C |
Cybersecurity |
Item 2. | Properties. |
We currently maintain our executive offices at 2400 E. Commercial Boulevard, Suite 900, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33308. The cost for this space is included in the $10,000 per month fee that we will pay an affiliate of our sponsor for office space, administrative and support services. The affiliate of our sponsor has waived the $10,000 per month fee since IPO. We consider our current office space adequate for our current operations.
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Item 3. | Legal Proceedings. |
We are not currently subject to any material legal proceedings, nor, to our knowledge, is any material legal proceeding threatened against us or any of our officers or directors in their corporate capacity.
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures. |
None.
PART II.
Item 5. | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. |
(a) Market Information
Our units began trading on the Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”) on January 13, 2022. Each unit consists of one Class A ordinary share, one right to acquire one-tenth of one Class A ordinary share and one-half of one redeemable warrant to purchase one Class A ordinary share. On March 3, 2022, we announced that holders of the units may elect to separately trade the Class A ordinary shares, rights and redeemable warrants included in the units commencing on March 7, 2022.
On January 15, 2025 we received a notice (the “Notice”) from the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”), stating that the Company did not comply with Nasdaq Interpretive Material IM-5101-2, and that its securities are now subject to delisting. The Company’s registration statement, filed in connection with the Company’s IPO, became effective January 12, 2022. Pursuant to IM-5101-2, the Company, a special purpose acquisition company, must complete one or more business combinations within 36 months of the effectiveness of its IPO registration statement. Since the Company did not complete its initial business combination by January 12, 2025, the Company did not comply with IM-5101-2, and its securities were suspended at the opening of business on January 22, 2025, However, the Company’s securities are now trading on the over-the-counter market since January 22, 2025. The units are trading on the OTC Markets Group, Inc. (“OTC”) under the symbol “CSLUF” Any underlying Class A ordinary shares, rights and redeemable warrants that were separated trade on OTC under the symbols “CSLMF,” “CSLRF” and “CSLWF,” respectively.
(b) Holders
As of April 11, 2025, there was approximately one holder of record of our units, approximately five holders of record of our separately traded Class A ordinary shares, approximately one holder of record of our outstanding rights to receive one-tenth of one Class A ordinary share, approximately one holder of record of our Class B ordinary shares and approximately two holders of record of our redeemable warrants.
(c) Dividends
We have not paid any cash dividends on our Class A ordinary shares to date and do not intend to pay cash dividends prior to the completion of our initial business combination. The payment of cash dividends in the future will be dependent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements and general financial condition subsequent to completion of our initial business combination. The payment of any cash dividends subsequent to our initial business combination will be within the discretion of our board of directors at such time. In addition, our board of directors is not currently contemplating and does not anticipate declaring any share dividends in the foreseeable future. Further, if we incur any indebtedness in connection with our initial business combination, our ability to declare dividends may be limited by restrictive covenants we may agree to in connection therewith.
(d) Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
None.
(e) Performance Graph
The performance graph has been omitted as permitted under rules applicable to smaller reporting companies.
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(f) Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered Offerings
Unregistered Sales
On July 1, 2021, our sponsor paid $25,000 to cover certain of our offering and formation costs in exchange for the issuance of 4,743,750 founder shares to our sponsor, or approximately $0.006 per share. On January 12, 2022, we effected a share capitalization with respect to the founder shares of 431,250 shares, resulting in our initial shareholders holding an aggregate of 4,743,750 founder shares. The number of founder shares issued was determined based on the expectation that the founder shares would represent 20% of the issued and outstanding shares after the closing of our initial public offering.
Our sponsor purchased 7,942,500 private placement warrants, each exercisable to purchase one ordinary share at $11.50 per share, at a price of $1.00 per warrant ($7,942,500 in the aggregate), in a private placement that closed substantially concurrently with the closing of our initial public offering.
These issuance were made pursuant to the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. No underwriting discounts or commissions were paid with respect to such sales.
Use of Proceeds
On January 18, 2022, the Company consummated its initial public offering of 18,975,000 units at $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of $189,750,000. BTIG, LLC and I-Bankers Securities, Inc. acted as the book-running managers of the offering and BTIG, LLC acted as the representative of the underwriters. The securities sold in the initial public offering were registered under the Securities Act on a registration statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-261570). The SEC declared the registration statements effective on January 12, 2022.
In connection with the initial public offering, we incurred offering costs of approximately $11,236,250 (including deferred underwriting commissions of approximately $6,641,250). Other incurred offering costs consisted principally of preparation fees related to the initial public offering. After deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions (excluding the deferred portion, which amount will be payable upon consummation of the initial business combination, if consummated) and the initial public offering expenses, $191,647,500 million of the net proceeds from our initial public offering and certain of the proceeds from the private placement of the private placement warrants (or $10.00 per unit sold in the initial public offering) was placed in the trust account. The net proceeds of the initial public offering and certain proceeds from the sale of the private placement warrants are held in the trust account and invested as described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
On July 13, 2023 as approved by its shareholders at an extraordinary general meeting held on June 29, 2023 (the “Special Meeting”), CSLM and its trustee, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company amended (the “Amendment”) the Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2022 (the “Trust Agreement”), by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the “Trustee”) and the Company, in order to allow the Company to extend the time to complete a business combination by fifteen (15) additional one (1) month periods until, October 18, 2024 (the “Termination Date”) by depositing into the Trust Account $70,000 for each one-month extension (each an “Extension”).
At the Special Meeting, the shareholders of the Company approved a special resolution to the Articles of Association to extend the time to consummate a business combination until October 18, 2024 and the Amendment in accordance with the Company’s Amended and Restated Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association (the “Articles of Association”).
In connection with the shareholders’ vote at the Special Meeting, 14,202,813 Class A shares were tendered for redemption.
On July 13, 2023, as was approved by the shareholders at the Special Meeting, the Company submitted a certificate of incorporation of name change to the Cayman Islands Registry of Companies to change our name from “Consilium Acquisition Corp I, LTD.” to “CSLM Acquisition Corp.” The name change of the Company to CSLM Acquisition Corp. was effected on Nasdaq at the open of trading on July 18, 2023 and continued trading. It now trades under the ticker symbol “CSLMF” on OTC.
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There has been no other material change in the planned use of the proceeds from the Initial Public Offering and Private Placement as is described in the Company’s final prospectus related to the Initial Public Offering. For a description of the use of the proceeds generated from the Initial Public Offering, see “Item 1. Business.”
Item 6. | [Reserved]. |
Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
References to the “Company,” “our,” “us” or “we” refer to CSLM Acquisition Corp. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes related thereto which are included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those set forth under “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary,” “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Overview
We are a blank check company incorporated in the Cayman Islands as an exempted company on April 13, 2021. The Company was incorporated for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more businesses (the “Business Combination”). We intend to effectuate our initial Business Combination using cash from the proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants, our capital stock, debt or a combination of cash, stock and debt.
The Company is not limited to a particular industry or geographic location for purposes of consummating a Business Combination. The Company is an early stage and emerging growth company and, as such, the Company is subject to all of the risks associated with early stage and emerging growth companies.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activity from April 13, 2021 (inception) through December 31, 2024 relates to the Company’s formation, the initial public offering (“Initial Public Offering” or “IPO”), which is described below, and pursuit of a business combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company will generate non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the Initial Public Offering. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
On July 13, 2023, the Company submitted a certificate of incorporation of name change to the Cayman Islands Registry of Companies to change our name from “Consilium Acquisition Corp I, LTD.” to “CSLM Acquisition Corp.”. The name change of the Company to CSLM Acquisition Corp. was effected on Nasdaq at the open of trading on July 18, 2023 and continued trading under the same ticker symbol “CSLM”. The name change does not affect the rights of the Company’s securities holders.
On January 18, 2022, the Company consummated its Initial Public Offering of 18,975,000 units (the “Units”), including the issuance of 2,475,000 Units as a result of the underwriter’s exercise of its over-allotment option. Each Unit consists of one Class A ordinary share of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (an “Ordinary Share”), one right to acquire one-tenth of an Ordinary Share, and one-half of one redeemable warrant of the Company. Each whole warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one Ordinary Share for $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. The Units were sold at a price of $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds to the Company of $189,750,000. Substantially concurrently with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company completed the private sale of 7,942,500 private placement warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”) at a purchase price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant, to the Company’s sponsor, CSLM Acquisition Sponsor I, LLC (the “Sponsor”), generating gross proceeds to the Company of $7,942,500. The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the warrants sold as part of the Units in the Initial Public Offering except that, so long as they are held by the Sponsor or its permitted transferees: (1) they will not be redeemable by the Company (except in certain redemption scenarios when the price per Ordinary Share equals or exceeds $10.00 (as adjusted)); (2) they (including the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of these warrants) may not, subject to certain limited exceptions, be transferred, assigned or sold by the Sponsor until 30 days after the completion of the Company’s initial business combination; (3) they may be exercised by the holders on a cashless basis; and (4) they (including the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of these warrants) are entitled to registration rights.
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A total of $2,250,000 was deposited to the Company’s operating account and a total of $191,647,500, comprised of a portion of proceeds from the IPO and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants, was placed in a U.S.-based trust account at JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., maintained by Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, acting as trustee. Except with respect to interest earned on the funds held in the trust account that may be released to the Company to pay its taxes, if any, the funds held in the trust account will not be released from the trust account until the earliest to occur of: (1) the Company’s completion of an initial business combination; (2) the redemption of any public shares properly submitted in connection with a shareholder vote to amend the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (A) to modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to allow redemption in connection with its initial business combination or to redeem 100% of the Company’s public shares if the Company does not complete its initial business combination by October 13, 2024 after depositing $70,000 into the Trust Account for each one month extension or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to shareholders’ rights or pre-initial business combination activity; and (3) the redemption of the Company’s public shares if the Company has not completed its initial business combination by October 18, 2024 from the closing of the IPO, subject to applicable law.
On July 13, 2023 as approved by its shareholders at the Special Meeting, the Company and its trustee, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company amended (the “Amendment”) the Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2022 (the “Trust Agreement”) in order to allow the Company to extend the time to complete a business combination by fifteen (15) additional one (1) month periods until, October 18, 2024 (the “Termination Date”) by depositing into the Trust Account $70,000 for each one-month extension.
In connection with the shareholders’ vote at the Special Meeting, 14,202,813 Class A shares were tendered for redemption. Shareholders validly redeemed their shares for $149,486,187, or approximately $10.53 per class A share. The trustee processed the redemptions on July 11, 2023 and distributed amounts from the Trust Account to the redeeming shareholders on July 26, 2023.
Immediately after the Special Meeting, the Company extended the time to complete the business combination by one (1) month to August 18, 2023, and deposited the sum of $70,000 into the Trust Account in accordance with the terms of the Trust Agreement. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has exercised thirteen (13) of the fifteen (15) additional one-month extension periods, depositing an aggregate of $910,000 into the Trust Account to extend the time to complete the business combination to August 18, 2024.
On August 18, 2024, as approved by its shareholders at the annual general meeting held on August 18, 2024 (the “Annual Meeting”), the Company and its trustee, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, amended the Investment Management Trust Agreement dated January 12, 2022, as amended on July 13, 2023, in order to allow the Company to extend the time to complete a business combination on a month-to-month basis, until July 18, 2025 (the “Extended Termination Date” or the “Extended Combination Period”) by placing $30,000 into the Company’s Trust Account. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has made five (5) deposits of $30,000 to extend the time with which the Company has to complete a business combination to January 18, 2024. The Company has four (4) one-month deposits remaining until the Extended Termination Date.
We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the Trust Account (less deferred underwriting fees and income taxes payable), to complete our Initial Business Combination. To the extent that our capital stock or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete our Initial Business Combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business or businesses, make other acquisitions and pursue our growth strategies.
We intend to use the funds held outside the Trust Account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, and structure, negotiate and complete an Initial Business Combination.
In order to fund working capital deficiencies or finance transaction costs in connection with an Initial Business Combination, our Sponsor or an affiliate of our Sponsor or certain of our officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If we complete an Initial Business Combination, we may repay such loaned amounts out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to us. In the event that an Initial Business Combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts, but no proceeds from our Trust Account would be used for such repayment. Up to $2,000,000 of such loans may be convertible into warrants, at a price of $1.00 per warrant, at the option of the lender. The warrants would be identical to the Private Placement Warrants.
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Merger Agreement
On January 22, 2024, the Company entered into a Merger Agreement, by and among the Company, CSLM Merger Sub Inc. (“Merger Sub”), and Fusemachines Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Fusemachines”) (as it may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the “Merger Agreement”). The Merger Agreement provides that, among other things and upon the terms and subject to the conditions thereof, Merger Sub will merge with and into Fusemachines, after which Fusemachines will be the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.
On August 27, 2024, the Company entered into an amendment to the Merger Agreement (the “Merger Agreement Amendment”) whereby the Company will continue out of the Cayman Islands and into the State of Delaware so that as to re-domicile and become a Delaware corporation of means of a merger of the Company with and into a newly formed Delaware corporation pursuant to the Cayman Islands Companies law and the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law with such newly formed Delaware corporation becoming the surviving corporation in the merger. In addition the Merger Agreement Amendment includes a provision that increases the amount the Company may borrow from the Sponsor from $2,000,000 to $2,750,000.
Results of Operations
Our entire activity from inception through December 31, 2024 relates to our formation, the Initial Public Offering and, since the closing of the Initial Public Offering, a search for a Business Combination candidate. We will not be generating any operating revenues until the closing and completion of our Business Combination at the earliest.
For the year ended December 31, 2024, we had net income of $172,315, which consisted of dividend income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $2,032,507, offset by $214,185 of insurance expense amortization, $1,253,545 of legal and accounting expenses, $120,000 of administrative expenses due to related party, $170,745 dues and subscriptions expenses, $101,343 of interest expense on the promissory note with related party, and $374 of formation costs. Additionally, the Company earned $505,000 of covenant fees which was fully offset by a $505,000 reserve for credit losses.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, we had net income of $4,626,782, which consisted of realized gains on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $2,538,270 and dividend income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $3,736,950, offset by $477,750 of insurance expense amortization, $644,515 of legal and accounting expenses, $240,000 of administrative expenses due to related party, $256,333 dues and subscriptions expenses, $28,288 of interest expense on the promissory note with related party, and $1,552 of bank fees, general and administrative expenses.
Liquidity, Capital Resources, and Going Concern
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $83,227 and $138,283 in cash, respectively, and a working capital deficit of $4,056,679 and $1,676,487, respectively, excluding marketable securities held in the Trust Account and the deferred underwriter fee liability.
For the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash provided by operating activities was $1,267,939. Net income of $172,315 was increased by accrued dividends on marketable securities held in trust of $170,488, the Sponsor waiver of administrative services fees of $120,000, and an increase of $805,137 to operating assets and liabilities.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $2,610,229. Net income of $4,626,782 was increased by and increase of $512,246 to operating assets and liabilities and the Sponsor waiver of administrative services fees of $240,000, and reduced by realized gains on marketable securities held in Trust Account of $2,538,270 and accrued dividends on marketable securities held in Trust Account of $230,530.
The Company’s liquidity needs through December 31, 2024 had been satisfied through a payment from the Sponsor of $25,000 for Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class B ordinary shares” and shares thereof, “founder shares”), the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the private placement warrants. Additionally, the Company drew on an unsecured promissory note to pay certain offering costs.
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The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur significant costs in pursuit of its financing and acquisition plans. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Management plans to address this uncertainty through related party loans from the Sponsor, an affiliate of the Sponsor, or certain of the Company’s officers and directors or their affiliates and effecting a Business Combination. However, there is no assurance that the Company’s plans to raise capital or to consummate a Business Combination will be successful or successful by the Extended Termination Date.
In addition, management is currently evaluating, among other things, downturns in the financial markets or in economic conditions, inflation, increases in interest rates, adverse developments affecting the financial services industry, and geopolitical instability, such as the military conflict in the Ukraine and the middle east, that may impact our ability to consummate a Business Combination.
These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Contractual Obligations
We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or long-term liabilities.
The underwriters are entitled to a deferred fee of $0.35 per Unit, or $6,641,250 in the aggregate. The deferred fee will become payable to the underwriters from the amounts held in the Trust Account solely in the event that we complete an Initial Business Combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.
On November 28, 2023, the Company and the underwriter entered into an agreement under which (i) the Sponsor will transfer 426,000 Class A ordinary shares held by the Sponsor to the underwriter upon the closing of the Company’s initial business combination and (ii) the underwriter will waive the deferred underwriter fee payable and any deferred underwriting commissions payable pursuant to the underwriter agreement dated April 22, 2021. For avoidance of doubt, the agreement applies only if the initial Business Combination is consummated, and the transfer of shares is effective and completed. Except as specifically amended in the agreement, all terms of the underwriting agreement dated April 22, 2021 shall remain in full force and effect.
Commitments and Contingencies
Registration and Shareholder Rights
The holders of the Founder Shares, Private Placement Warrants, and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans (and any Class A ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of the Working Capital Loans and upon conversion of the Founder Shares) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement to be signed prior to or on the effective date of the Proposed Public Offering, requiring the Company to register such securities for resale. The holders will have the right to require us to register for resale these securities pursuant to a shelf registration under Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The holders of a majority of these securities will also be entitled to make up to three demands, plus short form registration demands, that we register such securities. In addition, the holders will be entitled to certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to our completion of our initial business combination. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriting Agreement
The Company granted the underwriter a 45-day option from the date of the Initial Public Offering to purchase up to 2,475,000 additional Units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the Initial Public Offering price less the underwriting discount. The underwriters exercised the over-allotment option in full on January 18, 2022, the date of the Initial Public Offering. The underwriter was entitled to a cash underwriting discount of $0.20 per Unit, or $3,795,000 in the aggregate, which was paid upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering. In addition, the underwriter is entitled to a deferred fee of $0.35 per Unit, or $6,641,250 in the aggregate. The deferred fee is payable to the underwriter from the amounts held in the Trust Account solely in the event that the Company completes a Business Combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement. On November 28, 2023, the Company and BTIG entered into an agreement under which BTIG waived its entitlement to the payment of the deferred compensation and instead receive 426,000 Class A ordinary shares from shares held by the Sponsor only in the event of the closing of a Business Combination. Accordingly, BTIG will not receive any portion of the $6,641,250 deferred underwriting fee in the event of the closing of a Business Combination. Pursuant to the Waiver, BTIG resigned from every capacity, role or involvement in which BTIG may otherwise be described in any registration statement as acting or agreeing to act in the future with respect to any business combination of CSLM and/or its Sponsor. The Company has agreed to register shares received by BTIG from Consilium Acquisition Sponsor I, LLC, the Company’s Sponsor, upon the closing of its initial Business Combination. In the event that such shares are not registered, the underwriter’s deferred fee shall be reinstated.
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Founder Transaction Bonus Agreement
The founder and Chief Executive Officer of Fusemachines (the “Executive”) is eligible to receive a transaction bonus in cash equal to the lesser of (i) 20% of each dollar of Parent closing cash in excess of $1,000,000, and (ii) $1,000,000 at the time of the closing of the business combination (the “Closing”). The Founder Transaction Bonus Agreement is subject to (i) the Executive actively supporting and working towards the completion of all of the requirements necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, as reasonably determined by the Company and Parent, prior to the Closing, (ii) the Executive continuing to be employed in good standing by the Company from the date hereof through the Closing, and (iii) the Closing of the Merger. If all of the foregoing conditions are satisfied, the Founder Transaction Bonus Agreement amount shall be paid to the Executive concurrently with the Closing.
Consulting Agreements
The Sponsor entered into consulting services agreements (the “Consulting Services Agreements”) with a service provider (the “Consultant”) on April 10, 2023 and September 5, 2023 to provide consulting, advisory and related services to the Sponsor and to the Company on behalf of the Sponsor. In accordance with the Consulting Services Agreements, the Consultant will purchase and the Sponsor will sell 75,000 shares of its Class B ordinary shares of the Company at a price of $0.006 per share in return for such services. The Consulting Services Agreements are contingent upon the consummation of the initial business combination. Compensation due to the Consultant is in scope of ASC 718 Compensation—Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”) and SAB Topic 5T. The consummation of the initial business combination is considered a performance condition under ASC 718 and stock based compensation should not be recognized until the performance condition is considered probable. As business combinations are not considered probable until consummated, the Company will not recognize compensation costs related to the Consulting Services Agreements until the consummation of the initial business combination.
Capital Markets Advisory Agreement
The Company entered into a capital markets advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) with a service provider (the “Advisor”) on June 21, 2024 to provide capital markets advisory services to the Company. In accordance with the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor will be paid an advisory fee comprised of $100,000 in cash and 75,000 common shares of the post initial business combination entity (the “Advisory Fee”). The Advisory agreement is contingent upon consummation of the initial business combination. The cash compensation due to the Advisor is in scope of ASC 450 Contingencies (“ASC 450”) and the share based compensation due to the Advisor is in scope of ASC 718. The consummation of the initial business combination is considered a loss contingency under ASC 450 and is considered a performance condition under ASC 718 and the Advisory Fee should not be recognized until considered probable. As business combinations are not considered probable until consummated, the Company will not recognize compensation costs related to the Advisory Fee until the consummation of the initial business combination.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make critical accounting estimates that can involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. We considered whether we made accounting estimates or assumptions where the nature of the estimates or assumptions is material due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain matters or the susceptibility of such matters to change, and the impact of the estimates and assumptions on financial condition or operating performance is material. We have not identified any critical accounting estimates.
Recent Accounting Standards
This information appears in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements which discloses recent accounting pronouncements and is included herein by reference.
Item 7.A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk. |
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information otherwise required under this item.
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Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
This information appears following Item 16 of this Report and is included herein by reference.
Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. |
None.
Item 9.A. | Controls and Procedures. |
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (who serves as our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer), to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2024. Based upon his evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
As required by SEC rules and regulations implementing Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
(1) | pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of our company, |
(2) | provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors, and |
(3) | provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect errors or misstatements in our financial statements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree or compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting at December 31, 2024. In making these assessments, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on our assessments and those criteria, management determined that we did maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024.
This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm due to our status as an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act.
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Item 9.B. |
Other Information. |
Item 9.C. |
Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspection. |
PART III.
Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. |
Our current directors and executive officer are as follows:
Name |
Age | Title | ||||
Charles Cassel |
61 | Director, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Jonathan Binder |
61 | Director and Chairman | ||||
Irakli Gilauri |
48 | Director | ||||
Peter Tropper |
73 | Director | ||||
Salman Alam |
42 | Director |
Charles Cassel has been our Director since April 13, 2021 and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer since July 20, 2021. Mr. Cassel is the co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer of CIM. Mr. Cassel is responsible for the risk management for CIM’s investment strategies, the day-to-day operations of CIM and all non-equity portfolio management initiatives, and also serves as the Chief Compliance Officer. Before co-founding CSLM, Mr. Cassel held the position as Head of Emerging Markets Portfolio Management at Standard Asset Management. Prior to that, Mr. Cassel was at Americas Trust Bank as an Emerging Market debt portfolio manager and was earlier the Chief Financial Officer for the US subsidiary of Banco Cafetero de Colombia, where, among other responsibilities, he ran the bank’s international treasury book. Earlier, he was a Portfolio Manager of mortgage-backed securities at Bank Atlantic, a federally chartered savings bank. From 2014 to 2017, Mr. Cassel served as a director of Panache Beverages, Inc. Mr. Cassel holds a B.A. in Economics from Washington & Lee University and a M.Acc. in Accounting from Nova Southeastern University. Additionally, he is a CFA charter holder and a member of the CFA Institute. We believe Mr. Cassel’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his extensive investment experience as well as his experience developing operating and financing strategies alongside management.
Jonathan Binder has been our Director since April 13, 2021 and Chairman since July 20, 2021. Mr. Binder is the co-Founder of CIM and Chief Investment Officer and Portfolio Manager for CIM’s Frontier Equity and Extended Opportunities Fund Strategies. Prior to co-founding CSLM, Mr. Binder spent four years at Standard Asset Management, a division of the Standard Bank Group of South Africa, as Chief Investment Officer. Mr. Binder had previously spent two years at Americas Trust Bank where he was an Emerging Market equity hedge fund portfolio manager. Prior to this, Mr. Binder was Managing Director of Latin American Equity Capital Markets at Deutsche Morgan Grenfell and before that, launched James Capel’s equity sales trading and research business in Latin America. He graduated from the University of Bristol, England, with a B.Sc. (Econ) joint honors degree in Economics and Politics. Mr. Binder is an alumnus of Eton College. We believe Mr. Binder’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his extensive investment experience as well as his experience in emerging markets.
Irakli Gilauri has served as a director since January 2022. Mr. Gilauri is the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of Georgia Capital. Irakli Gilauri formerly served as the Chief Executive Officer of BGEO Group from 2011 to May 2018. He joined as CFO of Bank of Georgia in 2004 and was appointed as Chairman of the Bank in September 2015, having previously served as Chief Executive Officer of the Bank since May 2006. Prior to that time, he was an EBRD (European Bank for Reconstruction and Development) banker. Mr Gilauri has up to 20 years of experience in banking, investment and finance. He served as Director of Georgia Healthcare Group PLC (now Georgia Healthcare Group
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Limited) from August 2015. Mr. Gilauri also sits on the Supervisory Board of JSC Georgia Capital. Mr. Gilauri received his undergraduate degree in Business Studies, Economics and Finance from the University of Limerick, Ireland, in 1998. He was later awarded the Chevening Scholarship, granted by the British Council, to study at the Cass Business School of City University, London, where he obtained his MSc in Banking and International Finance. We believe Mr. Gilauri’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his extensive knowledge and experience in the finance industry and experience serving as an executive and director.
Peter Tropper has served as a director since January 2022. Mr. Tropper has been the Managing Member of Peter Tropper LLC since February 2014. He was a Senior Advisor to the Global Private Capital Association (previously known as the Emerging Markets Private Equity Association) and chair of the Frontier Markets Council. He has been appointed to numerous private equity fund advisor committees, and is a lecturer at the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. Previously, he was the Chief Investment Officer in IFC’s Private Equity Group. In this role, Mr. Tropper ran IFC’s program for funds that invest in small and medium enterprises and frontier markets. Prior to 2001, he was the HQ “anchor” for the supervision work of IFC’s South Asia Department. Until September 1999, Mr. Tropper served in IFC’s Latin America and Caribbean Department, where he was responsible for identifying and structuring IFC’s investments in the financial sector in the Caribbean and Chile, and for recommending investment strategies that contribute to the development of the region’s capital markets. Mr. Tropper also served as the first head of IFC’s Emerging Markets Data Base unit, which has since been sold to Standard & Poor’s. Mr. Tropper joined IFC in 1984, after several years as Deputy Director of the Northeast- Midwest Institute in Washington, D.C. Mr. Tropper has a B.A. from Yale University, an MBA from the University of Maryland, and a Master’s in International Affairs from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). We believe Mr. Tropper’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his extensive experience in emerging markets and his investment experience.
Salman Alam has served as a director since January 2022. Salman Alam is Vice President, Legal, at Sandisk, a leading provider of flash solutions and advanced memory technologies, where he is responsible for worldwide product development, commercial and go-to-market technology legal issues. With over 17 years of legal experience in the corporate legal sector, he has deep experience in emerging product regulatory issues within the data ecosystem in markets across the world, including in artificial intelligence, licensing, and data privacy. He has also served as Board Director for CSLM since 2022. Mr. Alam previously served in roles of increasing responsibility at Western Digital, including Vice President. Prior to Western Digital, Mr. Alam has served as a legal executive to technology startups, as well as a corporate transactional attorney at Newmeyer & Dillion, LLP, where he represented emerging and established companies in corporate transactions, M&A, capital markets, and corporate governance matters. Mr. Alam received a B.A. from the University of California, Berkeley, and a law degree from the University of California, College of the Law, San Francisco. We believe Mr. Alam’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his extensive experience in legal and governance matters, particularly with technology companies as part of the broader artificial intelligence ecosystem.
Director Independence
Nasdaq listing standards require that a majority of our board of directors be independent within one year of our initial public offering. An “independent director” is defined generally as a person other than an officer or employee of the company or its subsidiaries or any other individual having a relationship which in the opinion of the company’s board of directors, would interfere with the director’s exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. We have three “independent directors” as defined in the Nasdaq listing standards and applicable SEC rules. Our board has determined that each of Irakli Gilauri, Peter Tropper and Salman Alam is an independent director under applicable SEC rules and the Nasdaq listing standards. Our independent directors will have regularly scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present.
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Number, Terms of Office and Election of Officers and Director
Our board of directors consists of five members. Prior to our initial business combination, holders of our founder shares have the right to appoint all of our directors and remove members of the board of directors for any reason, and holders of our ordinary shares will not have the right to vote on the appointment of directors during such time. These provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may only be amended by a special resolution passed by the holders of a majority of at least 90% of our ordinary shares attending and voting in person or by proxy in a general meeting. Each of our directors will hold office for a two-year term. Subject to any other special rights applicable to the shareholders, any vacancies on our board of directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present and voting at the meeting of our board of directors or by a majority of the holders of our ordinary shares (or, prior to our initial business combination, holders of our founder shares).
Our officers are appointed by the board of directors and serve at the discretion of the board of directors, rather than for specific terms of office. Our board of directors is authorized to appoint persons to the offices set forth in our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association as it deems appropriate. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that our officers may consist of a Chairman, a Chief Executive Officer, a Chief Operating Officer, a Chief Financial Officer, Vice Presidents, a Secretary, Assistant Secretaries, a Treasurer and such other offices as may be determined by the board of directors.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our board of directors has three standing committees: an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee, each comprised of independent directors. Under Nasdaq listing rule 5615(b)(1), a company listing in connection with its initial public offering is permitted to phase in its compliance with the independent committee requirements. We do not intend to rely on the phase-in schedules set forth in Nasdaq listing rule 5615(b)(1). Each committee operates under a charter approved by our board of directors and has the composition and responsibilities described below. Each committee charter is available on our website.
Audit Committee
The members of our audit committee are Irakli Gilauri, Peter Tropper and Salman Alam. Irakli Gilauri serves as chair of the audit committee. Each member of the audit committee is financially literate and our board of directors has determined that Peter Tropper qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in applicable SEC rules and has accounting or related financial management expertise.
Our audit committee charter details the purpose and principal functions of the audit committee, including:
• | assisting board oversight of (1) the integrity of our financial statements, (2) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (3) our independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications and independence, and (4) the performance of our internal audit function and independent registered public accounting firm; |
• | the appointment, compensation, retention, replacement, and oversight of the work of the independent registered public accounting firm and any other registered public accounting firm engaged by us; |
• | pre-approving all audit and non-audit services to be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm or any other registered public accounting firm engaged by us, and establishing pre-approval policies and procedures; |
• | reviewing and discussing with the independent registered public accounting firm all relationships the independent registered public accounting firm has with us in order to evaluate their continued independence; |
• | setting clear hiring policies for employees or former employees of the independent registered public accounting firm; |
• | setting clear policies for audit partner rotation in compliance with applicable laws and regulations; |
• | obtaining and reviewing a report, at least annually, from the independent registered public accounting firm describing (1) the independent registered public accounting firm’s internal quality-control procedures and (2) any material issues raised by the most recent internal quality-control review, or peer review, of the audit firm, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional authorities, within the preceding five years respecting one or more independent audits carried out by the firm and any steps taken to deal with such issues; |
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• | meeting to review and discuss our annual audited financial statements and quarterly financial statements with management and the independent registered public accounting firm, including reviewing our specific disclosures under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”; |
• | reviewing and approving any related party transaction required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC prior to us entering into such transaction; and |
• | reviewing with management, the independent registered public accounting firm, and our legal advisors, as appropriate, any legal, regulatory or compliance matters, including any correspondence with regulators or government agencies and any employee complaints or published reports that raise material issues regarding our financial statements or accounting policies and any significant changes in accounting standards or rules promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC or other regulatory authorities. |
Compensation Committee
The members of our compensation committee are Peter Tropper and Salman Alam. Peter Tropper serves as chair of the compensation committee. The compensation committee charter details the purpose and responsibility of the compensation committee, including:
• | reviewing and approving on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives relevant to our Chief Executive Officer’s compensation, evaluating our Chief Executive Officer’s performance in light of such goals and objectives and determining and approving the remuneration (if any) of our Chief Executive Officer based on such evaluation; |
• | reviewing and making recommendations to our board of directors with respect to the compensation, and any incentive-compensation and equity-based plans that are subject to board approval of all of our other officers; |
• | reviewing our executive compensation policies and plans; |
• | implementing and administering our incentive compensation equity-based remuneration plans; |
• | assisting management in complying with our proxy statement and annual report disclosure requirements; |
• | approving all special perquisites, special cash payments and other special compensation and benefit arrangements for our officers and employees; |
• | producing a report on executive compensation to be included in our annual proxy statement; and |
• | reviewing, evaluating and recommending changes, if appropriate, to the remuneration for directors. |
The charter also provides that the compensation committee may, in its sole discretion, retain or obtain the advice of a compensation consultant, independent legal counsel or other adviser and will be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of any such adviser. However, before engaging or receiving advice from a compensation consultant, external legal counsel or any other adviser, the compensation committee will consider the independence of each such adviser, including the factors required by Nasdaq and the SEC.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The members of our nominating and corporate governance committee are Peter Tropper and Salman Alam. Salman Alam serves as chair of the nominating and corporate governance committee. The corporate governance committee charter details the purpose and responsibilities of the nominating and corporate governance committee, including:
• | identifying, screening and reviewing individuals qualified to serve as directors, consistent with criteria approved by the board of directors, and recommending to the board of directors candidates for nomination for election at the annual general meeting or to fill vacancies on the board of directors; |
• | developing and recommending to the board of directors and overseeing implementation of our corporate governance guidelines; |
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• | coordinating and overseeing the annual self-evaluation of the board of directors, its committees, individual directors and management in the governance of the company; and |
• | reviewing on a regular basis our overall corporate governance and recommending improvements as and when necessary. |
The charter also provides that the nominating and corporate governance committee may, in its sole discretion, retain or obtain the advice of, and terminate, any search firm to be used to identify director candidates, and will be directly responsible for approving the search firm’s fees and other retention terms.
We have not formally established any specific, minimum qualifications that must be met or skills that are necessary for directors to possess. In general, in identifying and evaluating nominees for director, the board of directors considers educational background, diversity of professional experience, knowledge of our business, integrity, professional reputation, independence, wisdom, and the ability to represent the best interests of our shareholders. Prior to our initial business combination, holders of our public shares will not have the right to recommend director candidates for nomination to our board of directors.
Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our officers, directors and persons who beneficially own more than ten percent of our ordinary shares to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC. Based solely upon a review of such forms, we believe that as of March 31, 2023 there were no delinquent filers.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics and business conduct (our “code of ethics”) applicable to our directors, officers and employees. We have filed a copy of our code of ethics as an exhibit to this Annual Report. We have also posted a copy of our code of ethics and the charters of our audit committee, compensation committee and nominating and corporate governance committee on our website at www.cimspac.com under “Investor Relations-Governance Documents”. Our website and the information contained on, or that can be accessed through, the website is not deemed to be incorporated by reference in, and is not considered part of, this Annual Report. You are able to review these documents by accessing our public filings at the SEC’s web site at www.sec.gov. In addition, a copy of the code of ethics will be provided without charge upon request from us. We intend to disclose any amendments to or waivers of certain provisions of our code of ethics in a Current Report on Form 8-K.
Conflicts of Interest
Under Cayman Islands law, directors and officers owe the following fiduciary duties:
• | duty to act in good faith in what the director or officer believes to be in the best interests of the company as a whole; |
• | duty to exercise authority for the purpose for which it is conferred; |
• | duty to not improperly fetter the exercise of future discretion; |
• | duty to exercise powers fairly as between different classes of shareholders; |
• | duty not to put themselves in a position in which there is a conflict between their duty to the company and their personal interests; and |
• | duty to exercise independent judgment. |
In addition to the above, directors also owe a duty of care and skill, which is not fiduciary in nature. This duty has been defined as a requirement to act as a reasonably diligent person having both the general knowledge, skill and experience that may reasonably be expected of a person carrying out the same functions as are carried out by that director in relation to the company and the general knowledge, skill and experience which that director has.
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As set out above, directors have a duty not to put themselves in a position of conflict and this includes a duty not to engage in self-dealing, or to otherwise benefit as a result of their position at the expense of the company. However, in some instances what would otherwise be a breach of this duty can be forgiven and/or authorized in advance by the shareholders; provided that there is full disclosure by the directors. This can be done by way of permission granted in the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association or alternatively by shareholder approval at general meetings.
Our team, in their capacities as directors, officers or employees of our sponsor or its affiliates or in their other endeavors, may choose to present potential business combinations to the related entities described above, current or future entities affiliated with or managed by our sponsor, or third parties, before they present such opportunities to us, subject to his or her fiduciary duties under Cayman Islands law and any other applicable fiduciary duties.
Certain members of our team have fiduciary and contractual duties to CSLM and to certain companies in which CSLM has invested. These entities may compete with us for acquisition opportunities. If these entities decide to pursue any such opportunity, we may be precluded from pursuing such opportunities. None of the members of our team who are also employed by our sponsor or its affiliates have any obligation to present us with any opportunity for a potential business combination of which they become aware, subject to his or her fiduciary duties under Cayman Islands law. Our sponsor and members of our team are also not prohibited from sponsoring, investing or otherwise becoming involved with, any other blank check companies, including in connection with their initial business combinations, prior to us completing our initial business combination, and certain of them expect to do so in the future. Any such involvement may result in conflicts of interests as described above.
Our directors and officers presently have, and any of them in the future may have, additional, fiduciary or contractual obligations to other entities pursuant to which such officer or director is or will be required to present a business combination opportunity to such entity. Accordingly, if any of our directors or officers becomes aware of a business combination opportunity that is suitable for an entity to which he or she has then-current fiduciary or contractual obligations, he or she may need to honor these fiduciary or contractual obligations to present such business combination opportunity to such entity, or in the case of a non-compete restriction, may not present such opportunity to us at all. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law: (i) no individual serving as a director or an officer shall have any duty, except and to the extent expressly assumed by contract, to refrain from engaging directly or indirectly in the same or similar business activities or lines of business as us; and (ii) we renounce any interest or expectancy in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, any potential transaction or matter which may be a corporate opportunity for any director or officer, on the one hand, and us, on the other. In addition our amended and restated articles of association contains provisions to exculpate and indemnify, to the maximum extent permitted by law, such persons in respect of any liability, obligation or duty to the company that may arise as a consequence of such persons becoming aware of any business opportunity or failing to present such business opportunity. Our directors and officers are not required to commit any specified amount of time to our affairs, and, accordingly, will have conflicts of interest in allocating management time among various business activities, including identifying potential business combinations and monitoring the related due diligence. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Management Team- Certain of our directors and officers are now, and all of them may in the future become, affiliated with entities engaged in business activities similar to those intended to be conducted by us and, accordingly, may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented.”
In addition, our sponsor, its members, our officers or our directors or their respective affiliates may be investors, or have other direct or indirect interests, in a business with which we may enter into a business combination agreement and/or in certain funds or other persons that may have purchased shares in our initial public offering or that may otherwise purchase our ordinary shares in the public market.
We do not believe, however, that the fiduciary duties or contractual obligations of our directors or officers will materially affect our ability to identify and pursue business combination opportunities or complete our initial business combination.
Potential investors should also be aware of the following potential conflicts of interest:
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• | None of our directors or officers is required to commit his or her full time to our affairs and, accordingly, may have conflicts of interest in allocating his or her time among various business activities. |
• | In the course of their other business activities, our directors and officers may become aware of investment and business opportunities that may be appropriate for presentation to us as well as the other entities with which they are affiliated. Our management may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented. |
• | Pursuant to a letter agreement entered into with us, our initial shareholders, directors and officers have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any founder shares and public shares held by them in connection with the consummation of our initial business combination. Additionally, our initial shareholders have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to their founder shares if we fail to consummate our initial business combination by October 18, 2024 with the deposit of $70,000 in the Trust Account for each one month Extension. However, if our initial shareholders (or any of our directors, officers or affiliates) acquire public shares, they will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the trust account with respect to such public shares if we fail to consummate our initial business combination within the prescribed time frame. If we do not complete our initial business combination within such applicable time period, the proceeds of the sale of the private placement warrants held in the trust account will be used to fund the redemption of our public shares, and the private placement warrants will expire worthless. With certain limited exceptions, pursuant to such letter agreement, our initial shareholders, directors and officers have agreed not to transfer, assign or sell and of their founder shares until the earlier of: (1) one year after the completion of our initial business combination; and (2) subsequent to our initial business combination (x) if the last reported sale price of our ordinary shares equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for share capitalization, share subdivisions, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days after our initial business combination or (y) the date on which we complete a liquidation, merger, share exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in all of our public shareholders having the right to exchange their ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property. With certain limited exceptions, the private placement warrants and the ordinary shares underlying such warrants, will not be transferable, assignable or saleable by our sponsor until 30 days after the completion of our initial business combination. Since our sponsor and our team may directly or indirectly own ordinary shares, rights and warrants following our initial public offering, our directors and officers may have a conflict of interest in determining whether a particular target business is an appropriate business with which to effectuate our initial business combination. |
• | Our directors and officers may negotiate employment or consulting agreements with a target business in connection with a particular business combination. These agreements may provide for them to receive compensation following our initial business combination and as a result, may cause them to have conflicts of interest in determining whether to proceed with a particular business combination. |
• | Our directors and officers may have a conflict of interest with respect to evaluating a particular business combination if the retention or resignation of any such directors and officers was included by a target business as a condition to any agreement with respect to our initial business combination. |
The conflicts described above may not be resolved in our favor.
Accordingly, as a result of multiple business affiliations, our directors, officers and director nominees have similar legal obligations relating to presenting business opportunities meeting the above-listed criteria to multiple entities. Below is a table summarizing the entities to which our directors, officers and director nominees currently have fiduciary duties or contractual obligations:
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Individual |
Entity |
Entity’s Business |
Affiliation | |||
Charles Cassel | CSLM Investment Management, LLC(1) | Investment management company | Co-Founder | |||
Jonathan Binder | CSLM Investment Management, LLC(1) | Investment management company | Co-Founder | |||
Irakli Gilauri | Georgia Capital PLC(1) | Holding Company | Chairman and CEO | |||
Peter Tropper | Peter Tropper LLC | Private Equity Fund Formation and Governance Advisor | Managing Member | |||
Salman Alam | Western Digital Corporation | Data Storage | Vice President, Legal |
(1) | Includes certain other affiliates and portfolio companies |
Accordingly, if any of the above directors or officers become aware of a business combination opportunity which is suitable for any of the above entities to which he or she has then-current fiduciary or contractual obligations, he or she will honor his or her fiduciary or contractual obligations to present such business combination opportunity to such entity, and only present it to us if such entity rejects the opportunity, subject to his or her fiduciary duties under Cayman Islands law. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law: (i) no individual serving as a director or an officer shall have any duty, except and to the extent expressly assumed by contract, to refrain from engaging directly or indirectly in the same or similar business activities or lines of business as us; and (ii) we renounce any interest or expectancy in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, any potential transaction or matter which may be a corporate opportunity for any director or officer, on the one hand, and us, on the other. In addition our amended and restated articles of association contains provisions to exculpate and indemnify, to the maximum extent permitted by law, such persons in respect of any liability, obligation or duty to the company that may arise as a consequence of such persons becoming aware of any business opportunity or failing to present such business opportunity. We do not believe, however, that any of the foregoing fiduciary duties or contractual obligations will materially affect our ability to identify and pursue business combination opportunities or complete our initial business combination.
We are not prohibited from pursuing an initial business combination with a company that is affiliated with our sponsor, directors or officers. In the event we seek to complete our initial business combination with such a company, we, or a committee of independent and disinterested directors, would obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm or another independent entity that commonly renders valuation opinions that such an initial business combination is fair to our company from a financial point of view. Unless we complete our initial business combination with an affiliated entity, we are not required to obtain an opinion that the price we are paying is fair to our company from a financial point of view.
In addition, our sponsor or any of its affiliates may make additional investments in the company in connection with the initial business combination, although our sponsor and its affiliates have no obligation or current intention to do so. If our sponsor or any of its affiliates elects to make additional investments, such proposed investments could influence our sponsor’s motivation to complete an initial business combination.
In the event that we submit our initial business combination to our public shareholders for a vote, our initial shareholders, directors and officers have agreed, pursuant to the terms of a letter agreement entered into with us, to vote any founder shares (and their permitted transferees will agree) and public shares held by them in favor of our initial business combination.
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Item 11. | Executive Compensation. |
None of our directors or officers have received any cash compensation for services rendered to us. Commencing on the date that our securities were first listed on Nasdaq through the earlier of consummation of our initial business combination and our liquidation, we had an agreement to pay our sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, administrative and support services. The sponsor has waived all $10,000 monthly payments under the agreement. Our sponsor, directors and officers, or any of their respective affiliates, will be reimbursed for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with activities on our behalf such as identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable business combinations. Our audit committee will review on a quarterly basis all payments that were made by us to our sponsor, directors, officers or our or any of their affiliates. In August 2021, our sponsor transferred 50,000 founder shares to each of Irakli Gilauri, Peter Tropper and Salman Alam, our independent directors, at their original per-share purchase price.
After the completion of our initial business combination, directors or members of our team who remain with us may be paid consulting, management or other compensation from the combined company. All compensation will be fully disclosed to shareholders, to the extent then known, in the tender offer materials or proxy solicitation materials furnished to our shareholders in connection with a proposed business combination. It is unlikely the amount of such compensation will be known at the time, because the directors of the post-combination business will be responsible for determining executive officer and director compensation. Any compensation to be paid to our officers after the completion of our initial business combination will be determined by a compensation committee constituted solely by independent directors.
We are not party to any agreements with our directors and officers that provide for benefits upon termination of employment. The existence or terms of any such employment or consulting arrangements may influence our management’s motivation in identifying or selecting a target business, and we do not believe that the ability of our management to remain with us after the consummation of our initial business combination should be a determining factor in our decision to proceed with any potential business combination.
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. |
The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares as of April 11, 2025, with respect to our ordinary shares held by:
• | each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares; |
• | each of our directors and officers; and |
• | all our directors and officers as a group. |
Unless otherwise indicated, we believe that all persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all ordinary shares beneficially owned by them. The following table does not reflect record or beneficial ownership of the private placement warrants as these are not exercisable within 60 days of April 11, 2025.
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CSLM Ordinary Shares(2) | ||||||||
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1) | Beneficially Owned |
Approximate Percentage of Class |
||||||
Charles Cassel(3) |
4,593,750 | 75.1 | % | |||||
Jonathan Binder(3) |
4,593,750 | 75.1 | % | |||||
Meteora Capital, LLC(4) |
541,917 | 8.9 | % | |||||
Irakli Gilauri |
50,000 | * | % | |||||
Peter Tropper |
50,000 | * | % | |||||
Salman Alam |
50,000 | * | % | |||||
All director and officers as a group (6 individuals) |
4,743,750 | 77.6 | % | |||||
5% Holders of CSLM |
||||||||
Consilium Acquisition Sponsor I, LLC (our sponsor)(2) |
|
4,593,750 |
|
96.8 | % |
* | Less than 1% |
(1) | Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each of the following entities or individuals is c/o CSLM Acquisition Corp I, Ltd., 2400 E. Commercial Boulevard, Suite 900, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33308. |
(2) | Interests shown includes Class A ordinary shares that were exchanged from the same number of Class B ordinary shares. The remaining Class B ordinary share will convert into Class A ordinary share on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment. |
(3) | Consilium Acquisition Sponsor I LLC, our sponsor, is the record holder of the Class B ordinary shares reported herein. The manager of our sponsor is CSLM Investment Capital, Inc., which is owned and controlled by Charles Cassel and Jonathan Binder. By virtue of their shared control over the manager of our sponsor, Mr. Cassel and Mr. Binder may be deemed to beneficially own shares held by our sponsor. |
(4) | Meteora Capital, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, is the investment manager of Class A ordinary shares reported herein. The Managing Member of Meteora Capital, LLC, Vik Mittal, a United States citizen, is the record holder of the Class A ordinary shares reported herein. The address of the principal business office for each of Meteora Capital, LLC and Vik Mittal is 1200 N Federal Hwy, #200, Boca Raton, Florida, 33432. |
Our initial shareholders beneficially own approximately 50% of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares and have the right to elect all of our directors prior to our initial business combination as a result of holding all of the founder shares. Holders of our public shares will not have the right to appoint any directors to our board of directors prior to our initial business combination. In addition, because of their ownership block, our initial shareholders may be able to effectively influence the outcome of all other matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including amendments to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and approval of significant corporate transactions.
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. |
Founder Shares
On July 1, 2021, our sponsor paid $25,000 to cover certain of our offering and formation costs in exchange for the issuance of 4,743,750 founder shares to our sponsor, or approximately $0.006 per share. In August 2021, our sponsor transferred 50,000 founder shares to each of Irakli Gilauri, Peter Tropper and Salman Alam, our independent directors. On January 12, 2022, we effected a share capitalization with respect to the founder shares of 431,250 shares, resulting in our initial shareholders holding an aggregate of 4,743,750 founder shares. Our initial shareholders collectively own 20% of our issued and outstanding shares. All share and per-share amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the share surrender. Pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option in full, no founder shares are subject to forfeiture.
With certain limited exceptions, pursuant to a letter agreement entered into with us, our initial shareholders, directors and officers have agreed not to transfer, assign or sell and of their founder shares (except to our directors and officers and other persons or entities affiliated with our sponsor, each of whom will be subject to the same transfer restrictions) until the earlier of: (A) one year after the completion of our initial business combination; and (B) subsequent to our initial business combination (x) if the last reported sale price of our Class A ordinary shares equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for share capitalization, share subdivisions, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days
68
after our initial business combination or (y) the date on which we complete a liquidation, merger, share exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in all of our public shareholders having the right to exchange their ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property.
69
Private Placement Warrants
Substantially concurrently with the closing of our initial public offering, we completed the private sale of 7,942,500 private placement warrants at a purchase price of $1.00 per private placement warrant, to our sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $7,942,500. Each private placement warrant is exercisable to purchase one Class A ordinary share at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. A portion of the proceeds from the sale of the private placement warrants were added to the net proceeds from our initial public offering held in the trust account. If we do not complete an initial public combination with the combination period, the proceeds from the sale of the private placement warrants will be used to fund the redemption of the public shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law), and the private placement warrants will expire worthless.
Registration Rights
The holders of the founder shares, private placement warrants, and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of working capital loans (and any Class A ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of the private placement warrants and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of the working capital loans and upon conversion of the founder shares) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement signed prior to the effective date of the initial public offering, requiring the Company to register such securities for resale. The holders will have the right to require us to register for resale these securities pursuant to a shelf registration under Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The holders of a majority of these securities will also be entitled to make up to three demands, plus short form registration demands, that we register such securities. In addition, the holders will be entitled to certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to our completion of our initial business combination. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Promissory Note — Related Party
In July 2021, the Sponsor issued an unsecured promissory note to the Company (the “Promissory Note”), pursuant to which the Company may borrow up to an aggregate principal amount of $300,000. On January 18, 2022, the Company repaid $206,313 for amounts outstanding under the Promissory Note balance, resulting in an overpayment of $25,000. The Company also made payments related to Sponsor invoices. These items are recorded within due from related party on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
In February 2023, the Sponsor issued an unsecured promissory note to the Company (the “WC Promissory Note”), pursuant to which the Company may borrow up to an aggregate principal amount of $1,500,000. The WC Promissory Note bears interest at a rate of 4.75% per annum and is payable on the earlier of the date by which the Company has to complete a business combination or the effective date of a business combination. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company drew an aggregate of $2,750,000 and $1,230,000, respectively, and has accrued $129,630 and $28,288 of interest on principal amounts outstanding, respectively. On January 18, 2024, the Company issued an amended and restated promissory note (the “A&R WC Promissory Note”) to the Sponsor to increase the total borrowing base from $1,500,000 to $2,000,000. The A&R WC Promissory Note does not amend any other existing terms. On August 19, 2024, the Company issued a second amended and restated promissory note (the “2nd A&R WC Promissory Note”), pursuant to which the Company may borrow up to an aggregate principal amount of $2,750,000. The 2nd A&R Promissory Note does not amend any other existing terms.
On February 4, 2025, the Company issued a third amended and restated promissory note (the “3rd A&R WC Promissory Note”) pursuant to which the Company may borrow up to an aggregate principal amount of $3,000,000. The 3rd A&R Promissory Note additionally includes a conversion feature whereby, notwithstanding the foregoing in the event of the Business Combination, the outstanding balance may be repaid at the Sponsor’s discretion, in cash or $1,491,000 of the principal and accrued and unpaid interest shall be converted into the Company’s Class A ordinary shares at a share price of four dollars ($4.00), the balance of which shall be payable in cash at the closing of the Business Combination
Related Party Notes
In order to finance transaction costs in connection with a business combination, the sponsor, an affiliate of the sponsor, or certain of our officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required (“working capital loans”). The working capital loans would either be repaid upon consummation of a business combination, without interest, or, at the lender’s discretion, up to $2,000,000 of such working capital loans may be convertible into warrants, at a price of $1.00 per warrant, of the post business combination entity. If we complete a business combination, we would repay the working capital loans out of the proceeds of the trust account released to us. Otherwise, the working capital loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the trust account. In the event that a business combination does not close, we may use a portion of proceeds held outside the trust account to repay the working capital loans but no proceeds held in the trust account would be used to repay the working capital loans. The warrants would be identical to the private placement warrants. As of December 31, 2024, there were no amounts outstanding under the working capital loans.
70
Administrative Services Agreement
We entered into a support services agreement, commencing on the effective date of the initial public offering, pursuant to which we will pay our sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, administrative and support services. Our sponsor has waived all payments under the support services agreement.
Item 14. | Principal Accounting Fees and Services. |
Fees for professional services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm for the last two fiscal years include:
71
For the Year ended December 31, 2024 |
For the Year ended December 31, 2023 |
|||||||
Audit Fees(1) |
$ | 182,296 | $ | 111,000 | ||||
Audit-Related Fees(2) |
$ | — | $ | — | ||||
Tax Fees(3) |
$ | — | $ | — | ||||
All Other Fees(4) |
$ | — | $ | — | ||||
Total |
$ | $ | — |
(1) | Audit Fees. Audit fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our year-end financial statements and services that are normally provided by our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with statutory and regulatory filings. |
(2) | Audit-Related Fees. Audit-related fees consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to performance of the audit or review of our year-end financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” These services include attest services that are not required by statute or regulation and consultation concerning financial accounting and reporting standards. |
(3) | Tax Fees. Tax fees consist of fees billed for professional services relating to tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice. |
(4) | All Other Fees. All other fees consist of fees billed for all other services including permitted due diligence services related potential business combination. |
Policy on Board Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services of the Independent Auditors
The audit committee is responsible for appointing, setting compensation and overseeing the work of the independent auditors. In recognition of this responsibility, the audit committee shall review and, in its sole discretion, pre-approve all audit and permitted non-audit services to be provided by the independent auditors as provided under the audit committee charter.
72
PART IV.
Item 15. | Exhibits, Financial Statements Schedules. |
(a) | The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K: Financial Statements: See “Item 8. Index to Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” herein. |
(b) | Exhibits: The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
73
74
* | Filed herewith. | |
** | Furnished herewith. | |
(1) | Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 18, 2022. | |
(2) | Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2022. |
Item 16. | Form 10-K Summary. |
None.
75
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
CSLM ACQUISITION CORP I, LTD. | ||||||
Date: April 11, 2025 | /s/ Charles Cassel | |||||
By: Charles Cassel | ||||||
Title Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
/s/ Charles Cassel | ||
Name: | Charles Cassel | |
Title: | Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer) | |
Date: | April 11, 2025 | |
/s/ Jonathan Binder | ||
Name: | Jonathan Binder | |
Title: | Director and Chairman | |
Date: | April 11, 2025 | |
/s/ Irakli Gilauri | ||
Name: | Irakli Gilauri | |
Title: | Director | |
Date: | April 11, 2025 | |
/s/ Peter Tropper | ||
Name: | Peter Tropper | |
Title: | Director | |
Date: | April 11, 2025 | |
/s/ Salman Alam | ||
Name: | Salman Alam | |
Title: | Director | |
Date: | April 11, 2025 |
76
• | our being a company with no operating history and no operating revenues; |
• | our ability to select an appropriate target business or businesses; |
• | our ability to complete our initial business combination; |
• | our expectations around the performance of a prospective target business or businesses; |
• | our success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, our officers, key employees or directors following our initial business combination; |
• | our directors and officers allocating their time to other businesses and potentially having conflicts of interest with or otherwise conflicting contractual obligations in connection with our business or in approving or consummating our initial business combination; |
• | our potential ability to obtain additional financing to complete our initial business combination; |
• | our pool of prospective target businesses; |
• | our ability to consummate an initial business combination due to the uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and other events (such as terrorist attacks, global hostilities, natural disasters or a significant outbreak of other infectious diseases); |
• | the ability of our directors and officers to generate a number of potential business combination opportunities; |
• | our public securities’ potential liquidity and trading; |
• | the lack of a market for our securities; |
• | the use of proceeds not held in the trust account (as defined below) or available to us from interest income on the trust account balance; |
• | the trust account being subject to claims of third parties; |
• | our financial performance; and |
• | the other risks and uncertainties discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). |
Item 1. |
Business. |
• | subject us to negative economic, competitive and regulatory developments, any or all of which may have a substantial adverse impact on the particular industry in which we operate after our initial business combination, and |
• | cause us to depend on the marketing and sale of a single product or limited number of products or services. |
• | Operations in the new economy sectors across our target markets. |
• | Established business models. de-risked business model, strong technology component, brand recognition and marketing capabilities or any other characteristics that are difficult to replicate. |
• | Sector leading KPIs and unit economics. |
• | Scalability. |
• | Underpenetrated and growing total addressable market. |
• | Strong management team and culture. |
• | Market leadership. |
• | Attractive valuation. |
• | Focus on ESG and social empowerment. |
• | subject us to negative economic, competitive and regulatory developments, any or all of which may have a substantial adverse impact on the particular industry in which we operate after our initial business combination; and |
• | cause us to depend on the marketing and sale of a single product or limited number of products or services. |
• | we issue Class A ordinary shares that will be equal to or in excess of 20% of the number of Class A ordinary shares then outstanding; |
• | any of our directors, officers or substantial shareholders (as defined by Nasdaq rules) has a 5% or greater interest (or such persons collectively have a 10% or greater interest), directly or indirectly, in the target business or assets to be acquired or otherwise and the present or potential issuance of ordinary shares could result in an increase in issued and outstanding ordinary shares or voting power of 5% or more; or |
• | the issuance or potential issuance of ordinary shares will result in our undergoing a change of control. |
• | conduct the redemptions pursuant to Rule 13e-4 and Regulation 14E of the Exchange Act, which regulate issuer tender offers; and |
• | file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing our initial business combination which contain substantially the same financial and other information about the initial business combination and the redemption rights as is required under Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act, which regulates the solicitation of proxies. |
• | conduct the redemptions in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act, which regulates the solicitation of proxies, and not pursuant to the tender offer rules; and |
• | file proxy materials with the SEC. |
• | prior to the consummation of our initial business combination, we shall either (1) seek shareholder approval of our initial business combination at a meeting called for such purpose at which public shareholders may seek to redeem their public shares without voting, and if they do vote, irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction, into their pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, calculated as of two business days prior to the completion of our initial business combination, including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable), or (2) provide our public shareholders with the opportunity to tender their public shares to us by means of a tender offer (and thereby avoid the need for a shareholder vote) for an amount equal to their pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, calculated as of two business days prior to the completion of our initial business combination, including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable), in each case subject to the limitations described herein; |
• | if we seek shareholder approval, we will complete our initial business combination only if we receive the approval of an ordinary resolution under Cayman Islands law, which requires the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of ordinary shares who attend and vote at a general meeting of the company; |
• | if our initial business combination is not consummated by July 18, 2025, after depositing $30,000 in the Trust Account for each one month Extension, then our existence will terminate and we will distribute all amounts in the trust account; and |
• | prior to our initial business combination, we may not issue additional ordinary shares that would entitle the holders thereof to (1) receive funds from the trust account or (2) vote as a class with our public shares on any initial business combination. |
Item 1.A. |
Risk Factors. |
• | may significantly dilute the equity interest of public investors, which dilution would increase if the anti-dilution provisions in the Class B ordinary shares resulted in the issuance of Class A ordinary shares on a greater than one-to-one |
• | may subordinate the rights of holders of ordinary shares if preference shares are issued with rights senior to those afforded our ordinary shares; |
• | could cause a change of control if a substantial number of our ordinary shares is issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removal of our present directors and officers; |
• | may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of us by diluting the share ownership or voting rights of a person seeking to obtain control of us; |
• | may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our units, ordinary shares, rights and/or warrants; and |
• | may not result in adjustment to the exercise price of our warrants. |
• | default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after an initial business combination are insufficient to repay our debt obligations; |
• | acceleration of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we make all principal and interest payments when due if we breach certain covenants that require the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant; |
• | our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt is payable on demand; |
• | our inability to obtain necessary additional financing if the debt contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain such financing while the debt is outstanding; |
• | our inability to pay dividends on our ordinary shares; |
• | using a substantial portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the funds available for dividends on our ordinary shares if declared, expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes; |
• | limitations on our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business and in the industry in which we operate; |
• | increased vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse changes in government regulation; and |
• | limitations on our ability to borrow additional amounts for expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, execution of our strategy and other purposes and other disadvantages compared to our competitors who have less debt. |
F-1 |
||||
Financial Statements: |
||||
F-2 |
||||
F-3 |
||||
F-4 |
||||
F-5 |
||||
F-6 |
December 31, |
||||||||
2024 |
2023 |
|||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash |
$ | $ | ||||||
Prepaid expenses |
||||||||
Due from related party |
||||||||
Other receivable, net of reserve for credit losses of $ |
||||||||
Marketable securities held in Trust Account |
||||||||
Total current assets |
||||||||
Total Assets |
$ |
$ |
||||||
Liabilities, Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption and Shareholders’ Deficit |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | $ | ||||||
Accrued expenses |
||||||||
Promissory note – related party |
||||||||
Accrued interest – related party |
||||||||
Deferred underwriting commissions |
||||||||
Total current liabilities |
||||||||
Total Liabilities |
||||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7) |
||||||||
Class A ordinary shares, $ |
||||||||
Shareholders’ Deficit: |
||||||||
Preference shares, $ |
||||||||
Class A ordinary shares, $ |
||||||||
Class B ordinary shares, $ |
||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
||||||||
Accumulated deficit |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
Total Shareholders’ Deficit |
( |
) |
( |
) | ||||
Total Liabilities, Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption and Shareholders’ Deficit |
$ |
$ |
||||||
For the Year |
||||||||
Ended |
||||||||
December 31, |
||||||||
2024 |
2023 |
|||||||
Insurance expense |
$ | $ | ||||||
Legal and accounting expenses |
||||||||
Dues and subscriptions |
||||||||
Administrative expenses – related party |
||||||||
Interest expense – related party |
||||||||
Formation, general and administrative expenses |
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Operating expenses |
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Loss from operations |
( |
) |
( |
) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Other income (expense): |
||||||||
Realized gain on marketable securities held in Trust Account |
||||||||
Dividends on marketable securities held in Trust Account |
||||||||
Covenant fees |
||||||||
Provision for credit losses |
( |
) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total other income, net |
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net income |
$ |
$ |
||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption |
||||||||
Basic and diluted net income per share, Class A ordinary shares stock subject to redemption |
$ | $ | ||||||
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, non-redeemable Class A ordinary shares |
||||||||
Basic and diluted net loss per share, non-redeemable Class A ordinary shares |
$ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, non-redeemable Class B ordinary shares |
||||||||
Basic and diluted net loss per share, non-redeemable Class B ordinary shares |
$ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) |
Class A |
Class A |
Class B |
Additional |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Temporary Shares |
Ordinary Shares |
Ordinary Shares |
Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated Deficit |
Shareholders’ Deficit |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of January 1, 2024 |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
( |
) |
$ |
( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redemption of Class A ordinary shares |
( |
) | ( |
) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sponsor waiver of administrative services fees |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remeasurement of Class A ordinary shares subject to redemption |
— | — | — | — | — | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance – December 31, 2024 |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
( |
) |
$ |
( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class A |
Class A |
Class B |
Additional |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Temporary Shares |
Ordinary Shares |
Ordinary Shares |
Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated Deficit |
Shareholders’ Deficit |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of January 1, 2023 |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
( |
) |
$ |
( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redemption of Class A ordinary shares |
( |
) | ( |
) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of Sponsor Class B ordinary shares to Class A ordinary shares |
— | — | ( |
) | ( |
) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sponsor waiver of administrative services fees |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remeasurement of Class A ordinary shares subject to redemption |
— | — | — | — | — | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance – December 31, 2023 |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
( |
) |
$ |
( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year |
||||||||
Ended |
||||||||
December 31, |
||||||||
2024 |
2023 |
|||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | $ | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Realized gains on marketable securities held in Trust Account |
( |
) | ||||||
Accrued dividends on marketable securities held in Trust Account |
( |
) | ||||||
Sponsor waiver of administrative services fees |
||||||||
Changes in current assets and current liabilities: |
||||||||
Prepaid expenses |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
||||||||
Accrued expenses |
||||||||
Accrued offering costs |
( |
) | ||||||
Accrued interest – related party |
||||||||
Due from related party |
( |
) | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
||||||||
Purchase of treasury and other marketable securities |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
Proceeds from redemption of treasury securities |
||||||||
Net cash provided by investing activities |
||||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||||||
Proceeds from promissory note – related party |
||||||||
Payment of redemptions to Class A ordinary shareholders |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
( |
) |
( |
) | ||||
Net Change in Cash |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
Cash – Beginning |
||||||||
Cash-Ending |
$ |
$ |
||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Financing Activities: |
||||||||
Remeasurement of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption |
$ | $ | ||||||
Reserve for credit losses |
$ | $ |
||||||
Sponsor capital contribution for waiver of administrative services fees |
$ | $ |
For the Year Ended |
||||
December 31, 2024 |
||||
Net income |
$ | |||
Less: Remeasurement of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value |
( |
) | ||
Net loss including remeasurement of temporary equity to redemption value |
$ |
( |
) | |
For the Year Ended |
||||||||||||
December 31, 2024 |
||||||||||||
Class A Redeemable |
Class A Non-Redeemable |
Class B Non-Redeemable |
||||||||||
Total number of shares |
||||||||||||
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share |
||||||||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||||||
Allocation of net loss including remeasurement of temporary equity to redemption value based on ownership percentage |
$ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | |||
Deemed dividend for remeasurement of temporary equity to redemption value |
||||||||||||
Total net income (loss) allocated by class |
$ |
$ |
( |
) |
$ |
( |
) | |||||
Denominator: |
||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding |
||||||||||||
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share |
$ | $ | ( |
) | ( |
) |
For the Year Ended |
||||
December 31, 2023 |
||||
Net income |
$ | |||
Less: Remeasurement of Class A redeemable shares to redemption value |
( |
) | ||
Net loss including remeasurement of temporary equity to redemption value |
$ |
( |
) | |
For the Year Ended |
||||||||||||
December 31, 2023 |
||||||||||||
Class A Redeemable |
Class A Non-Redeemable |
Class B Non-Redeemable |
||||||||||
Total number of shares |
||||||||||||
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share |
||||||||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||||||
Allocation of net loss including remeasurement of temporary equity to redemption value based on ownership percentage |
$ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | |||
Deemed dividend for remeasurement of temporary equity to redemption value |
||||||||||||
Total net income (loss) allocated by class |
$ |
$ |
( |
) |
$ |
( |
) | |||||
Denominator: |
||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding |
||||||||||||
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share |
$ | $ | ( |
) | ( |
) |
• | Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets; |
• | Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and |
• | Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as calculations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are observable. |
• | in whole and not in part; |
• | at a price of $ |
• | upon not less than |
• | if, and only if, the closing price of the Class A ordinary shares equals or exceeds $ |
(Level 1) |
(Level 2) |
(Level 3) |
||||||||||
As of December 31, 2024 |
||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||
Treasury Trust Funds held in Trust Account |
$ | $ | — |
$ | — |
|||||||
As of December 31, 2023 |
||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||
Treasury Trust Funds held in Trust Account |
$ | $ | — |
$ | — |