10-Q

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated
filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

QUARTERLY REPORT

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM

10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2025

ALTENERGY ACQUISITION CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

001-40984

(Commission File Number)


Delaware		85-2157013
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(IRS Employer Identification No.)

600 Lexington Avenue, 9th Floor

New York, New York 10022

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (203)

299-1400

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Units, each consisting of one share of Class A common stock and one-half of one redeemable warrant	AEAEU	OTC Pink Open Market
Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	AEAE	OTC Pink Open Market
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Class A common stock, each at an exercise price of $11.50 per share	AEAEW	OTC Pink Open Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation

S-T

(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a

non-accelerated

filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule

12b-2

of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule

12b-2

of the Exchange Act). ☒ Yes ☐ No

As of May 7, 2025,

6,016,197 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 250,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, were issued and outstanding.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Financial Statements

AltEnergy Acquisition Corp.

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS


	March 31, 2025 (unaudited)			December 31, 2024 (audited)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash	$	13,654		$	18,458
Prepaid expenses – Short-Term		23,035			62,894
Income tax receivable		17,296			17,296
Other investments held for trading (Restricted)		102,283			101,511

Total Current Assets		156,268			200,159
Investments held in the Trust Account		8,634,335			8,544,857

Total Assets	$	8,790,603		$	8,745,016

LIABILITIES, COMMON STOCK SUBJECT TO POSSIBLE REDEMPTION AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	676,535		$	473,369
Accrued Tax Payable - Excise Tax		2,319,976			2,319,976
Other accrued expenses - deferred		2,385,110			2,082,125
Due to related party		991,766			872,888
Loan payable- Sponsor		2,550,000			2,335,000

Total Current Liabilities		8,923,387			8,083,358
Derivative warrant liabilities		430,950			81,900
Deferred underwriting commission		8,050,000			8,050,000

Total liabilities		17,404,337			16,215,258
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 6)
Class A common stock subject to possible redemption; 738,146 shares at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively – approximately $11.84 and $11.71 per share, respectively		8,736,618			8,646,368
Stockholders’ deficit:
Preferred stock , $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding		—			—
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 5,500,000 issued and outstanding (excluding 738,146 shares subject to possible redemption) at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		550			550
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, 250,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		25			25
Additional paid-in capital		—			—
Accumulated deficit		(17,350,927	)		(16,117,185	)

Total Stockholders’ Deficit		(17,350,352	)		(16,116,610	)

Total Liabilities, Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption and Stockholders’ Deficit	$	8,790,603		$	8,745,016

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements

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AltEnergy Acquisition Corp.

Notes to Financial Statements

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS AND LIQUIDITY

AltEnergy Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on February 9, 2021. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (the “Business Combination”). The Company is not limited to a particular industry or sector for purposes of consummating a Business Combination. The Company is an early stage and emerging growth company and, as such, the Company is subject to all of the risks associated with early stage and emerging growth companies.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activity for the period from February 9, 2021 (inception) through March 31, 2025 relates to the Company’s formation and the initial public offering (“Initial Public Offering”), which is described below. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after completion of the Business Combination at the earliest. The Company will generate

non-operating

income in the form of interest income on cash and cash equivalents from the net proceeds derived from the Initial Public Offering. The Company has selected December 31st as its fiscal year end.

The registration statement for the Company’s Initial Public Offering was declared effective on October 28, 2021. On November 2, 2021, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 20,000,000 units (“Units” and, with respect to the common stock included in the Units being offered, the “Public Shares”), generating gross proceeds of $200,000,000, which is described in Note 3.

Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering and the exercise by the underwriters of the over-allotment option, the Company consummated the private sale (the “Private Placement”) of an aggregate of 12,000,000 warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”) allocating 11,600,000 warrants to AltEnergy Acquisition Sponsor LLC (the “Sponsor”) (including 1,200,000 warrants purchased in connection with the exercise of the over-allotment option) and 400,000 warrants to an affiliate of the underwriter at a purchase price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant, generating gross proceeds to the Company in the amount of $12,000,000.

Following the closing of the Initial Public Offering on November 2, 2021, an amount of $234,600,000 ($10.20 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the Private Placement was placed in a trust account with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company acting as trustee (the “Trust Account”) which may be invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), with a maturity of 185 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund selected by the Company meeting the conditions of Rule

2a-7

of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the consummation of a Business Combination or (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account, as described below.

As of November 2, 2021, transaction costs amounted to $13,355,589 consisting of $4,600,000 of underwriting fees, $8,050,000 of deferred underwriting fees payable (which are held in the Trust Account) and $705,589 of costs related to the Initial Public Offering.

On April 28, 2023, following the approval by the stockholders of the Company at a special meeting of stockholders the Company filed an amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware to extend the date from May 2, 2023 (18 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering), to May 2, 2024 (30 months for the closing of the Initial Public Offering) (the “

Extension

,”) by which the Company must (1) consummate a Business Combination or (2) cease its operations except for the purpose of winding up if it fails to complete such initial business combination, and redeem all of the Class A Shares included as

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part of the units sold in the Company’s Initial Public Offering. Stockholders holding 21,422,522 Class A Shares exercised their right to redeem such shares for a pro rata portion of the funds in the Company’s Trust Account in connection with the Extension. As a result, $222,484,624 (approximately $10.38 per share) was removed from the Trust Account on or about May 15, 2023 to pay such holders, and an additional $855,762 (including $100,000 reserved to pay dissolution costs and expenses discussed below) was removed from the Trust Account on or about May 9, 2023 and deposited into a restricted investment account.

On April 16, 2024, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “April 2024 Special Meeting”). As of March 5, 2024, the record date of the April 2024 Special Meeting, there were 7,327,478 issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”) comprised of 7,077,478 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class A Shares”), and 250,000 shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. At the April 2024 Special Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved the proposal to file an amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware (the “April 2024 Amendment”) to extend the date from May 2, 2024 to November 2, 2024 (the “Extended Date”) and to allow the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”), without another stockholder vote, to elect to further extend the date to consummate an initial business combination after the Extended Date up to six times, by an additional month each time, upon two days’ advance notice prior to the applicable deadline, up to May 2, 2025 (the “Additional Extension Date” and together with the Extended Date the “Extension” and such proposal, the “Extension Proposal”); by which the Company must (1) consummate a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (an “initial business combination”) or (2) cease its operations except for the purpose of winding up if it fails to complete such initial business combination, and redeem all of the Class A Shares included as part of the units sold in the Company’s initial public offering. On April 17, 2024, to effectuate the Extension, the Company filed the April 2024 Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

At the April 2024 Special Meeting, the Company’s stockholders also approved a proposal to amend our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to eliminate the limitation that the Company shall not redeem Class A Common Stock included as part of the units sold in the IPO (including any shares issued in exchange thereof, the “public shares”) to the extent that such redemption would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 (the “Redemption Limitation”) to allow us to redeem public shares irrespective of whether such redemption would exceed the Redemption Limitation.

Stockholders holding 839,332 Class A Shares exercised their right to redeem such shares for a pro rata portion of the funds in the Company’s trust account (“Trust Account”) in connection with the Extension. As a result, $9,513,007. (approximately $11.33 per share) was removed from the Trust Account to pay such holders.

Pursuant to the April 2024 Amendment to AltEnergy’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation referred to above, the Board (i) on October 30, 2024, approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete an initial business combination from November 2, 2024 to December 2, 2024; (ii) on November 25, 2024, approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete an initial business combination from December 2, 2024 to January 2, 2025; (iii) on December 20, 2024, approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete an initial business combination from January 2, 2025 to February 2, 2025; (iv) January 28, 2025, approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete an initial business combination from February 2, 2025 to March 2, 2025; (v) on February 25, 2025, approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete an initial business combination from March 2, 2025 to April 2, 2025; and (vi) on March 26, 2025, approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete and initial business combination from April 2, 2025 to May 2, 2025.

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from May 2, 2025 to May 1, 2026 (the “Extension” and such proposal, the “Extension Proposal”); by which the Company must (1) consummate an “initial business combination or (2) cease its operations except for the purpose of winding up if it fails to complete such initial business combination, and redeem all of the Class A Shares included as part of the units sold in the Company’s initial public offering. On April 25, 2025, to effectuate the Extension, the Company filed the Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

As of March 31, 2025 there was $8,634,335 (or approximately $11.70 per share) held in the Trust Account. Cash of $13,654 was held outside of the Trust Account on March 31, 2025 and was available for working capital purposes. As of March 31, 2025, there was $102,283 held in the restricted investment account of which $100,000 is reserved to pay dissolution costs and expenses in the event the Company fails to complete an initial business combination and is dissolved. To the extent such funds in the restricted investment account are insufficient (less than $100,000), additional funds will be dispersed from the Trust up to a combined total of $100,000 to pay dissolution costs and expenses in the event the Company is dissolved. Any amount in the restricted investment account in excess of $100,000 will be for the benefit of the Trust. If an initial business combination is consummated all funds then held in the restricted investment account, including amounts previously reserved to pay dissolution costs and expenses in the event the Company fails to complete an initial business combination will be for the benefit of the Trust. As described in Note 6, the $8,050,000 deferred underwriting fees are contingent upon the consummation of the Business Combination.

2,603,924.73

(approximately $11.73

per share) was removed from the Trust Account to pay such holders as of April 30, 2025.

The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of Private Placement Warrants, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to complete a Business Combination successfully. The Company must complete one or more initial Business Combinations with one or more operating businesses or assets with a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the net assets held in the Trust Account (excluding the deferred underwriting commissions and taxes payable on the interest earned on the Trust Account). The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target business sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). Upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering, management agreed that an amount equal to at least $10.20 per Unit sold in the Initial Public Offering, including proceeds of the Private Placement Warrants, will be held in a trust account, located in the United States and invested only in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, with a maturity of 185 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund selected by the Company meeting certain conditions of Rule

2a-7

of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the funds held in the Trust Account, as described below.

The Company will provide the holders of the outstanding Public Shares (the “Public Stockholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer in connection with the Business Combination. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company. The Public Stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account (initially anticipated to be $10.20 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest then in the Trust Account, net of taxes payable). There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of a Business Combination with respect to the Company’s warrants. The Public Shares subject to redemption were recorded at a redemption value and classified as temporary equity upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering in accordance with the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “

Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity

.”

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If the Company seeks stockholder approval of the Business Combination, the Company will proceed with a Business Combination if a majority of the outstanding shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination, or such other vote as required by law or stock exchange rule. If a stockholder vote is not required by applicable law or stock exchange listing requirements and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by applicable law or stock exchange listing requirements, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or other reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules.

If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor has agreed to vote its Founder Shares (as defined in Note 5) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the Initial Public Offering in favor of approving a Business Combination. Additionally, each Public Stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares without voting, and if they do vote, irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company seeks stockholder approval of a Business Combination and it does not conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that a Public Stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 20% of the Public Shares, without the prior consent of the Company.

The holders of the Founder Shares have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to the Founder Shares and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (i) to modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to allow redemptions in connection with a Business Combination or to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period (as defined below) or (ii) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders’ rights or

pre-business

combination activity, unless the Company provides the Public Stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.

If the Company has not completed a Business Combination on or prior to May 1, 2026 or such later date if the date is further extended (the “Combination Period”), the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a

per-share

price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to pay taxes (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish Public Stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. There will be no redemption rights or liquidating distributions with respect to the Company’s warrants, which will expire worthless if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.

The holders of the Founder Shares have agreed to waive their liquidation rights with respect to the Founder Shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if the holders of Founder Shares acquire Public Shares in or after the Initial Public Offering, such Public Shares will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. The underwriters have agreed to waive their rights to their deferred underwriting commission (see Note 6) held in the Trust Account in the event the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and, in such event, such amounts will be included with the other funds held in the Trust Account that will be available to fund the redemption of the Public Shares. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for distribution will be less than the Initial Public Offering price per Unit ($10.00).

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In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a third party for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below (i) $10.20 per Public Share or (ii) such lesser amount per Public Share held in the Trust Account as of the date of the liquidation of the Trust Account, if less than $10.20 per public Share due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of the amount of interest which may be withdrawn to pay taxes, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account and except as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of the Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that the Sponsor will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers (except for the Company’s independent registered accounting firm), prospective target businesses and other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.

Going Concern, Liquidity and Management’s Plan

As of March 31, 2025 there was $8,634,335 (or approximately $11.70 per share) held in the Trust Account. Cash of $13,654 was held outside of the Trust Account on March 31, 2025 and was available for working capital purposes. As of March 31, 2025, there was $102,283 held in the restricted investment account which together with interest earned thereon and after payment of associated taxes and account fees up to $100,000 is reserved to pay dissolution costs and expenses in the event the Company fails to complete an initial business combination and is dissolved. To the extent such funds in the restricted investment account are insufficient (less than $100,000), additional funds will be dispersed from the Trust up to a combined total of $100,000. Any amount in the restricted investment account in excess of $100,000 will be for the benefit of the Trust. If an initial business combination is consummated all funds then held in the restricted investment account, including amounts previously reserved to pay dissolution costs and expenses in the event the Company fails to complete an initial business combination will be for the benefit of the Trust. As described in Note 6, the $8,050,000 deferred underwriting fees are contingent upon the consummation of the Business Combination.

In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)

2014-15,

“Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,”

management has determined that the Company may lack the financial resources it needs to sustain operations for a reasonable period of time, which is considered to be one year from the issuance date of the financial statements. Management has also determined that, in accordance with the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, if the Company is unsuccessful in consummating an initial business combination by May 1, 2026, the Company will cease all operations, redeem the public shares, and thereafter liquidate and dissolve. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP, which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern.

The Company intends to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, after payments on account of any redemptions, including any amounts representing interest earned on the Trust Account, excluding the deferred underwriting commissions, to complete an initial business combination. To the extent that capital stock or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete an initial business combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business. If an initial business combination agreement requires the Company to use a portion of the cash in the Trust Account to pay the purchase price or requires the Company to have a minimum amount of cash at closing (including any cash available from the Trust Account), the Company will need to arrange for third-party financing.

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The Company is required to complete an initial business combination on or prior to May 1, 2026. If the Company is unable to complete an initial business combination on or prior to such date, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, and subject to having lawfully available funds therefore, redeem the public shares, at a

per-share

price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, including interest earned on the trust account deposits (which interest shall be net of taxes payable), divided by the number of then-outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish the public stockholders’ rights as shareholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), subject to applicable law; and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining shareholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law.

Amended and Restated Merger Agreement

As previously disclosed, on February 21, 2024, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Original Merger Agreement”), by and among AltEnergy, Car Tech Merger Sub, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Merger Sub I”), and Car Tech, LLC, an Alabama limited liability company (“Car Tech”).

On February 14, 2025, we entered into an Amended and Restated Merger Agreement (the “Merger Agreement”) by and among AltEnergy, Merger Sub I, Car Tech Merger Sub II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Merger Sub II” and, together with Merger Sub I, “Merger Subs”), and Car Tech, which amended and restated the Original Merger Agreement in its entirety.

The Mergers

Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement and in accordance with the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (Car Tech having been converted to a Delaware limited liability company), (a) Merger Sub I will merge with and into Car Tech, with Car Tech surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of AltEnergy (the “First Merger”), and (b) immediately following the effective time of the First Merger, Car Tech will merge with and into Merger Sub II, with Merger Sub II surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of AltEnergy (the “Second Merger” and, together with the First Merger, the “Mergers”). Upon the consummation of the Mergers, subject to approval by AltEnergy’s stockholders and other customary closing conditions, the combined company (“New Car Tech”) will be renamed and is expected to list on The Nasdaq Capital Market.

Consideration

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, in consideration of the Merger, membership interests in Car Tech (the “Car Tech Units”) will be converted into the right to receive for each Car Tech Unit owned (I) a number of shares of AltEnergy’s common stock (the “Parent Common Stock”) obtained by dividing (i) a fraction equal to (a) the quotient of (x) the Closing Share Consideration divided by (y) ten dollars ($10.00), by (ii) the number of Car Tech Units that are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the First Merger and (II) a number of warrants to purchase Common Stock equal to the quotient of (A) six million (6,000,000) divided by (B) the number of Car Tech Units that are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the First Merger (the “Merger Consideration Warrants”).

“Closing Share Consideration” means (1) $80,000,000, plus (2) an additional $40,000,000 (the “Earn Out Consideration”).

Pursuant to the

Lock-up

Agreements described below, all of the shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued to holders of Car Tech Units (other than 500,000 shares issued pursuant to clause (I) of the definition of Closing Share Consideration) will be subject to time based restrictions on transfer, and the 4,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued to holders of Car Tech Units based on the Earn Out Consideration will be subject to additional transfer restrictions, release and forfeiture terms. Other Agreements executed in connection with the Merger Agreement include a Contribution and Exchange Agreement executed by Car Tech’s principal equity holder and the Company, and a Support Agreement executed by the Company and Car Tech and the Company’s Sponsor and certain members of Car Tech Contemporaneous with the Closing of the Merger the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Merger Warrant agent will enter into a Merger Warrant Agreement.

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In connection with the proposed business combination, the Company has filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form

S-4/A

(as amended from time to time, the “Registration Statement”). After the Registration Statement is declared effective by the SEC, the proxy statement/prospectus included therein will constitute a proxy statement in connection with a meeting of the Company’s stockholders and a prospectus in connection with the issuance of the Company’s Common Stock to be issued in connection with the Merger.

Nasdaq Delisting

On October 9, 2023, the Company received a written notice (the “Notice”) from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) indicating that the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(a)(2), which requires the Company to maintain at least 400 total holders for continued listing on the Nasdaq Global Market. The Notice was only a notification of deficiency, not of imminent delisting, and had no current effect on the listing or trading of the Company’s securities on the Nasdaq Global Market.

The Company disclosed its receipt of the Notice pursuant to a Form

8-K

filed on October 13, 2023, as required by NASDAQ rules. On November 20, 2023, the Company submitted a plan to regain compliance within the required timeframe.

On May 7, 2024, the Company received a written notice (the “MVPHS Notice”) from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Department (the “Staff”) indicating that the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(b)(2)(C), which requires the Company to maintain a Market Value of Publicly Held Shares (“MVPHS”) of no less than $15 million for continued listing on the Nasdaq Global Market. The Notice was only a notification of deficiency, not of imminent delisting, and had no current effect on the listing or trading of the Company’s securities on the Nasdaq Global Market.

In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(D), the Company had 180 calendar days, or until November 3, 2024, to regain compliance. The MVPHS Letter noted that to regain compliance, the Company’s MVPHS must close at or above $15 million for a minimum of

ten

consecutive business days during the compliance period. The MVPHS Letter further noted that if the Company is unable to satisfy the MVPHS requirement prior to such date, the Company may be eligible to transfer the listing of its securities to The Nasdaq Capital Market (provided that the Company then satisfied the requirements for continued listing on that market).

The Company disclosed its receipt of the MVPHS Notice pursuant to a Form

8-K

filed on May 13, 2024, as required by Nasdaq rules.

In connection with the foregoing, the Company transferred from the Nasdaq Global Market to the Nasdaq Capital Market.

On October 29, 2024, the Company, received a written notice from Nasdaq that the Company’s securities would be delisted from The Nasdaq Stock Market by reason of the failure of the Company to complete its initial business combination by October 28, 2024 (36 months from the effectiveness of the Company’s IPO registration statement) as required by

IM-5101-2.

Accordingly, trading in the Company’s Class A Common Stock, Units and Warrants was suspended at the opening of business on November 5, 2024 and Form

25-NSE

was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which removed the Company’s securities from listing and registration on The Nasdaq Stock Market.

The Company’s Class A Common Stock, Units and Warrants continue to be traded in the

over-the-counter

market.

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Risks and Uncertainties

Management continues to evaluate the impact of global conflicts and any further escalation of hostilities related thereto, terrorist attacks, natural disasters or a significant outbreak of other infectious diseases, and governmental actions, both domestic and foreign, and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that such events could have a negative effect on the Company’s financial position, results of its operations and/or search for a target, the specific impact is not readily determinable as of the date of these financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties.

NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed. As such, the information included in these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements as of December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on

Form 10-K

on March 28, 2025. In the opinion of the Company’s management, these condensed financial statements include all adjustments, which are only of a normal and recurring nature, necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2025 and the Company’s results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2025.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), as modified by the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Further, section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to

non-emerging

growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements.

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Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the balance sheet, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. One of the more significant accounting estimates included in these financial statements is the determination of the fair value of the warrant liabilities and the fair value of the

non-redemption

agreements. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those

estimates

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents of as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Investments held in the Trust Account and the Investment Account

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company’s portfolio of investments held in the Trust Account and the Investment Account were invested in mutual funds and government securities, which are reported at fair value, and are treated as trading securities. The Company’s portfolio of investments held in the Trust Account and the Investment Account is comprised of U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, with a maturity of 185 days or less, investments in money market funds that invest in U.S. government securities, cash, or a combination thereof. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities are recorded to net income each period. The estimated fair values of the investments held in the Trust Account and the Investment Account are determined using quoted market prices in active markets.

Offering Costs associated with an Initial Public Offering

The Company complies with the requirements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC

340-10-S99-1

and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5A, “

Expenses of Offering

.” Deferred offering costs were allocated to the separable financial instruments issued in the Initial Public Offering based on a relative fair value basis, compared to total proceeds received. Upon completion of the Initial Public Offering, offering costs associated with warrant liabilities were expensed as incurred and offering costs associated with the shares of Class A Common Stock were allocated between temporary equity and the Public Warrants by the relative fair value method. Offering costs of $705,589 consisted principally of costs incurred in connection with preparation for the Initial Public Offering. These offering costs, together with the underwriter fees of $12,650,000, were allocated between temporary equity and the Public Warrants in a relative fair value method upon completion of the Initial Public Offering. Of these costs, $926,044 were allocated to the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants and were expensed in the statement of operations for the period ended December 31, 2021.

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption

The Company accounts for its shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance enumerated in ASC 480

“Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity”

. Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The shares of the Company’s Class A common stock feature certain redemption rights that are considered by the Company to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption in the amount of $8,736,618 and $8,646,368, respectively, are presented as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheets.

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At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Class A common stock reflected in the condensed balance sheets is reconciled in the following table:


Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at December 31, 2021	$	234,600,000
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		1,785,597

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at December 31, 2022	$	236,385,597
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		2,240,671

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at March 31, 2023		238,626,268
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		1,003,291
Redemption of Class A common stock		(222,484,624	)

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at June 30, 2023		17,144,935
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		299,813

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at September 30, 2023	$	17,444,748
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		255,398

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at December 31, 2023	$	17,700,146
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		212,490

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at March 31, 2024	$	17,912,636
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		102,198
Redemption of Class A common stock		(9,513,007	)

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at June 30, 2024	$	8,501,827
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock t o redemption value		92,073

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at September 30, 2024	$	8,593,900
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		52,468

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at December 31, 2024	$	8,646,368
Remeasurement adjustment of Class A common stock to redemption value		90,250

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption at March 31, 2025	$	8,736,618

Net loss per share

Net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company applies the

two-class

method in calculating earnings and losses per share. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two classes of shares. The calculation of diluted loss per share of common stock does not consider the effect of the warrants issued in connection with the (i) Initial Public Offering, and (ii) the private placement since the exercise of the warrants is contingent upon the occurrence of future events. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company did not have any dilutive securities or other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into common stock and then share in the earnings and losses of the Company. As a result, diluted net income per common share is the same as basic net income per common share for the periods presented. The warrants are exercisable to purchase 19,500,000 shares of Class A common stock in the aggregate.

The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per common share (in dollars, except per share amounts):


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2025
	Class A			Class B
Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock
Numerator:
Allocation of net loss	$	(1,099,431	)	$	(44,061	)
Denominator:
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding		6,238,146			250,000
Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18	)	$	(0.18	)

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	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2024
	Class A			Class B
Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock
Numerator:
Allocation of net loss	$	(1,216,895	)	$	(42,985	)
Denominator:
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding		7,077,478			250,000
Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock	$	(0.17	)	$	(0.17	)

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution which, at times, may exceed the Federal depository insurance coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on these accounts.

Income Taxes

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740,

“Income Taxes.”

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.

The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.

ASC

740-270-25-2

requires that an annual effective tax rate be determined and such annual effective rate applied to year to date income in interim periods under ASC

740-270-30-5.

Our effective tax rate was 0.0% and (3.4)% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, due to changes in fair value in warrant liability,

non-deductible

acquisition costs, and the change in valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets.

Inflation Reduction Act

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1% excise tax on certain repurchases (including redemptions) of stock by publicly traded U.S. domestic corporations and certain U.S. domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign corporations occurring on or after January 1, 2023. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its stockholders from which shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of

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calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) has been given authority to provide regulations and other guidance to carry out and prevent the abuse or avoidance of the excise tax. Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. As such, the Company has recorded a

% excise tax liability in the amount of $

2,319,976

on the condensed balance sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The liability does not impact the condensed statements of operations and is offset against additional

paid-in

capital or accumulated deficit if additional

paid-in

capital is not available. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company has accrued $134,688 and $

52,294

, respectively for interest and penalties of unpaid taxes which is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the accompanying condensed balance sheets.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as

embedded

derivatives in accordance with ASC Topic 815,

“Derivatives and Hedging.”

The Company’s derivative instruments are recorded at fair value as of the closing date of the Initial Public Offering (November 2, 2021) and

re-valued

at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. Derivative assets and liabilities are classified on the balance sheets as current or

non-current

based on whether or not

net-cash

settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet dates. The Company has determined the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants are derivative instruments. As the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants meet the definition of a derivative, the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants are measured at fair value at issuance and at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, with changes in fair value recognized in the statements of operations in the period of change.

Warrant Instruments

The Company accounts for the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants issued in connection with the Initial Public Offering and the Private Placement in accordance with the guidance contained in FASB ASC 815,

“Derivatives and Hedging”

whereby under that provision the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as a liability. Accordingly, the Company classifies the warrant instrument as a liability at fair value and adjust the instrument to fair value at each reporting period. This liability will be

re-measured

at each balance sheet date until the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants are exercised or expire, and any change in fair value will be recognized in the Company’s statements of operations. The fair value of the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants are measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented within change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the statements of operations.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Public Warrants were valued using the publicly available price for the Warrant and are classified as Level 1 on the Fair Value Hierarchy. The Company relied upon the implied volatility of the Public Warrants and the implied volatilities of comparable companies and the closing price as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 per Public Warrant to estimate the volatility for the Private Placement Warrants.

Fair Value Measurements

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unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

•

Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets;

•

Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and

•

Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

Segment Reporting

The Company complies with ASU

2023-07,

“Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU

2023-07)”,

which improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses among other disclosure requirements. The Company adopted ASU

2023-07

on January 1, 2024. The amendments will be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements (see Note 10).

Recent Accounting Standards

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU

2023-09,

“Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

” (“ASU

2023-09”).

The ASU is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in the ASU address investor requests for enhanced income tax information primarily through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. ASU

2023-09

will be effective for us in the annual period beginning January 1, 2025, though early adoption is permitted. The Company has determined that ASU 2023-09 addresses disclosures only, and as such will not have any material effects on its financial condition, results of operation, or cash flows. The Company will adopt the standard beginning with our annual reporting for the year ending December 31, 2025.

NOTE 3. INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING

Pursuant to the Initial Public Offering, the Company sold 20,000,000 Units at a purchase price of $10.00 per Unit generating gross proceeds to the Company in the amount of $200,000,000. Each Unit consists of one share of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class A common stock”), and

one-half

of one redeemable warrant of the Company (each whole warrant, a “Warrant”), with each whole Warrant entitling the holder thereof to purchase one whole share of Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment.

NOTE 4. PRIVATE PLACEMENT

Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company consummated the private sale (the “Private Placement”) of an aggregate of 12,000,000 warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”) allocating 11,600,000 warrants to AltEnergy Acquisition Sponsor LLC (the “Sponsor”) and 400,000 warrants to an affiliate of the underwriter at a purchase price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant, generating gross proceeds to the Company in the amount of $12,000,000.

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A portion of the proceeds from the Private Placement Units was added to the proceeds from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds from the sale of the Private Placement Units held in the Trust Account will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law) and the Private Placement Units will be worthless.

The Private Placement Warrants (including the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants) will not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of an Initial Business Combination, subject to certain exceptions.

On December 31, 2024, Sponsor forfeited 4,000,000 of the 11,600,000 Private Placement warrants it purchased in connection with the Company’s IPO for no consideration.

NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Founder Shares

On March 25, 2021, the Sponsor purchased 5,750,000 of the Company’s Class B common stock (the “Founder Shares”) for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000. The Founder Shares included an aggregate of up to 750,000 shares subject to forfeiture to the extent that the underwriters’ over-allotment was not exercised in full or in part, so that the number of Founder Shares would equal, on an

as-converted

basis, approximately 20% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock after the Initial Public Offering. Upon exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option, these shares were no longer subject to forfeiture.

The holders of the Founder Shares have agreed, subject to limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of the Founder Shares until the earlier to occur of: (A) one year after the completion of a Business Combination and (B) subsequent to a Business Combination, (x) if the last reported sale price of the Class A common stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock capitalizations, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any

30-trading

day period commencing at least 150 days after a Business Combination, or (y) the date on which the Company completes a liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange or other similar transaction that results in all of the Public Stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.

Our underwriter entered into a purchase agreement in connection with the closing of the Initial Public Offering pursuant to which it or its affiliates purchased from our sponsor an aggregate of 400,000 Founder Shares at a price of $4.00 per Founder Share, or an aggregate purchase price of $1,600,000, which was paid at the time of the closing of the Initial Public Offering. The Founder Shares will be delivered by the Sponsor to the underwriter or its affiliate upon consummation of our initial Business Combination and immediately following the expiration of the transfer restrictions applicable to the Founder Shares.

On April 28, 2023, in connection with the Extension, 5,500,000 Founder Shares were converted into shares of Class A common stock.

General and Administrative Services

The Company entered into an agreement, commencing on the effective date of the Initial Public Offering through the earlier of the Company’s consummation of a Business Combination and its liquidation, to pay an affiliate of the Sponsor an aggregate of $15,000 per month for office space, utilities and secretarial, and administrative support services. This agreement was amended on January 28, 2023 to provide that, rather than be payable on a monthly basis, the payments due thereunder commencing with the monthly payment payable on or about February 28, 2023, shall accrue and be payable on the consummation of the Business Combination or the Company’s liquidation. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded $45,000 in administrative fees. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was a balance of $405,000 and $360,000, respectively, due to the affiliate, which amount is included in due to related party on the accompanying condensed balance sheets.

Convertible Working Capital Loan

In order to fund working capital deficiencies or finance transaction costs in connection with a business combination, the Sponsor or an affiliate of the Sponsor or certain of our officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If we complete a business combination, we would repay such loaned amounts. In the event that a business combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from our Trust Account would be used for such repayment. Up to $1,500,000 of such working capital loans may be convertible into private placement units at a price of $1.00 per warrant at the option of the lender. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was no outstanding balance.

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Loan payable - Sponsor

Per a Commitment Letter, dated July 19, 2022, the Sponsor undertook upon the Company’s written request to make available an aggregate amount of up to $250,000 to provide the Company funds for working capital purposes to ensure that the Company would continue as a going concern for at least 12 months. A second Commitment Letter was dated May 4, 2023 for up to an additional $750,000. A third Commitment Letter was dated December 20, 2023 for up to an additional $800,000. A fourth Commitment Letter was dated March 4, 2025 for up to an additional $475,000. The Sponsor is charging interest at the

mid-term

applicable federal rate at the time of funding. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Sponsor loaned an aggregate of $215,000 to the Company for working capital purposes. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $2,550,000 and $2,335,000 remained outstanding, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was accrued interest of $118,766 and $91,688, respectively.

Consulting Agreement

The Company and its Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) entered into a consulting agreement pursuant to which the CFO was entitled to receive $15,600 per month for services rendered, commencing February 1, 2021, through the closing of our initial business combination. On April 1, 2022, the agreement with the CFO was amended so that the CFO would be paid $10,400 per month and an additional amount of $5,200 per month beginning April 1, 2022 through the consummation of the initial business combination would become payable upon a successful consummation of a business combination. If a successful business combination does not occur, the Company would not be required to pay this additional contingent amount. The consulting agreement was further amended on January 1, 2023, to provide that commencing on January 1, 2023, 100% of the consulting fee of $15,600 per month shall be accrued by the Company for the CFO’s benefit to be paid upon the closing of a business combination if such closing occurs, and if such business combination does not occur, then the accrued amount shall not be due or paid. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded $46,800 of compensation for services provided. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $468,000 and $421,200 accrued, respectively.

Limited Payments

The Company has agreed to pay its Chief Financial Officer a

one-time

fee of $150,000, upon the consummation of the initial business combination. The amount will only become payable upon a successful business combination. If a successful business combination does not occur, the Company will not be required to pay this contingent fee. This fee has therefore not been accrued for as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. There can be no assurances that the Company will complete a business combination.

The Company had agreed to pay its Chief Operating Officer a

one-time

fee of $300,000 upon the consummation of the initial business combination. The Chief Operating Officer resigned effective June 6, 2023. Accordingly, the Company will not be required to pay this contingent fee. The amount would only have become payable upon a successful business combination. If a successful business combination does not occur, the Company would not have been required to pay this contingent fee. This fee has therefore not been accrued for as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Non-redemption

Agreements

The Sponsor entered into

Non-redemption

agreements with various stockholders of the Company (the

“Non-Redeeming

Stockholders”), pursuant to which these stockholders agreed not to redeem a portion of their shares of Company common stock (the

“Non-Redeemed

Shares”) in connection with the Special Meeting held on April 28, 2023, but such stockholders retained their right to require the Company to redeem such

Non-Redeemed

Shares in connection with the closing of the Business Combination. The Sponsor has agreed to transfer to such

Non-Redeeming

Stockholders an aggregate of 250,000 the Founder Shares held by the Sponsor immediately following the consummation of an initial Business Combination. The Company estimated the aggregate fair value of such 250,000 Founder Shares transferable to the

Non-Redeeming

Stockholders pursuant to the

Non-redemption

agreements to be $180,000 or $0.72 per share. The fair value as of April 26 and 27, 2023 was determined using the probability of a successful Business Combination of 7%, derived from an option pricing model for the publicly traded warrants, and the average value per shares as of the valuation date of $10.30. Each

Non-Redeeming

Stockholder acquired from the Sponsor an indirect economic interest in such Founder Shares. The fair value of such Founder Shares was determined to be to be a cost associated with completing a Business Combination and a capital contribution from a related entity under SAB Topic 5T.

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Warrant Forfeiture

On December 31, 2024, Sponsor forfeited 4,000,000 of the 11,600,000 private placement warrants it purchased in connection with the Company’s IPO for no consideration.

NOTE 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Registration Rights

The holders of the Founder Shares, Private Placement Warrants and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans (and any shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants or warrants issued upon conversion of the Working Capital Loans and upon conversion of the Founder Shares) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement signed on the effective date of the Initial Public Offering requiring the Company to register such securities for resale (in the case of the Founder Shares, only after conversion to shares of Class A common stock). The holders of these securities will be entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form registration demands, that the Company register such securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to completion of a Business Combination and rights to require the Company to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. However, the registration rights agreement provides that the Company will not be required to effect or permit any registration or cause any registration statement to become effective until the securities covered thereby are released from their

lock-up

restrictions. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.

Consulting Agreement

We have agreed to make payment to our Chief Financial Officer of $15,600 per month for his services prior to the consummation of our initial business combination. On April 1, 2022, the agreement with the Chief Financial Officer was amended so that he would be paid $10,400 per month, and an additional amount of $5,200 per month beginning April 1, 2022 through the consummation of the initial business combination will become payable to the Chief Financial Officer upon a successful consummation of a business combination. This agreement with the Chief Financial Officer was further amended on January 1, 2023, to provide that commencing on January 1, 2023, 100% of the consulting fee of $15,600 per month shall be accrued by the Company for the CFO’s benefit to be paid upon the closing of a business combination. If a successful business combination does not occur, we will not be required to pay any further amounts to our Chief Financial Officer. Upon completion of our initial business combination or our liquidation, we will cease paying these monthly fees. Additionally, we have agreed to make

one-time

payments of $150,000 to our Chief Financial Officer, subject to the terms of an independent consulting services agreements. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded $46,800 of compensation for services provided, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $468,000 and $421,200 accrued, respectively.

Non-Redemption

Agreements

On April 26, 2023 and April 27, 2023, the Company and the Sponsor entered into

non-redemption

agreements (each, a

“Non-Redemption

Agreement”) with certain unaffiliated third parties (each, a “Holder,” and collectively, the “Holders”) in exchange for the Holder or Holders agreeing either not to request redemption in connection with the Extension (as defined below) or to reverse any previously submitted redemption demand in connection with the Extension with respect to an aggregate of 1,250,000 Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class A Shares”), of the Company sold in its initial public offering at the special meeting of stockholders called by the Company to consider and act upon a proposal to extend the date by which the Company has to consummate an initial business combination (the “Termination Date”) from May 2, 2023 to May 2, 2024.

In consideration of the foregoing agreement, immediately prior to, and substantially concurrently with, the closing of an initial business combination, (i) the Sponsor (or its designees) will surrender and forfeit to the Company for no consideration an aggregate of 250,000 shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, held by the Sponsor (the “Forfeited Shares”) and (ii) the Company shall issue to the Holders a number of Class A Shares equal to the Forfeited Shares.

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Underwriting Agreement

The Company granted the underwriters a

45-day

option from the date of Initial Public Offering to purchase up to 3,000,000 additional Units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the Initial Public Offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions.

The underwriters were entitled to a cash underwriting discount of $0.20 per Unit, or $4,600,000 paid upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering. In addition, the underwriters will be entitled to a deferred fee of $0.35 per Unit, or $8,050,000. The deferred fee will become payable to the underwriters from the amounts held in the Trust Account solely in the event that the Company completes a Business Combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.

On November 2, 2021, the underwriters purchased an additional 3,000,000 Units pursuant to the exercise of the over-allotment option. The Units were sold at an offering price of $10.00 per Unit, generating additional gross proceeds to the Company of $30,000,000. Also, in connection with the exercise of the over-allotment option, the Sponsor purchased 1,200,000 Private Placement Warrants at a purchase price of $1.00 per warrant.

NOTE 7. STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Preferred Stock

- The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 202

, there were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.

Class

A Common Stock

- The Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of Class A common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 738,146 shares of the Class A common stock that were classified as temporary equity in the accompanying balance sheets. In addition, there were 5,500,000 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding on March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 that were issued upon the conversion of 5,500,000 shares of Class B common stock into 5,500,000 shares of Class A common stock on April 28, 2023, which are not subject to redemption.

Class

B Common Stock

- The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of Class B common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class B common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 250,000 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding.

Only holders of the Class B common stock will have the right to vote on the election of directors prior to the Business Combination. Holders of Class A common stock and holders of Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders except as otherwise required by law. In connection with our initial business combination, we may enter into a stockholders agreement or other arrangements with the stockholders of the target or other investors to provide for voting or other corporate governance arrangements that differ from those in effect upon completion of this offering.

The shares of Class B common stock will automatically convert into Class A common stock at the time of a Business Combination, or earlier at the option of the holder, on a

one-for-one

basis, subject to adjustment. In the case that additional shares of Class A common stock, or equity-linked securities, are issued or deemed issued in excess of the amounts issued in the Initial Public Offering and related to the closing of a Business Combination, the ratio at which shares of Class B common stock shall convert into shares of Class A common stock will be adjusted (unless the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of Class B common stock agree to waive such

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adjustment with respect to any such issuance or deemed issuance) so that the number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of all shares of Class B common stock will equal, in the aggregate, on an

as-converted

basis, 20% of the sum of the total number of all shares of common stock outstanding upon the completion of Initial Public Offering plus all shares of Class A common stock and equity-linked securities issued or deemed issued in connection with a Business Combination (net of the number of shares of Class A common stock redeemed in connection with a Business Combination), excluding any shares or equity-linked securities issued or issuable to any seller of an interest in the target to us in a Business Combination.

NOTE 8. WARRANT LIABILITIES

Public Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares. No fractional warrants will be issued upon separation of the Units and only whole warrants will trade. The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination and (b) 12 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering. The Public Warrants will expire five years after the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

The Company will not be obligated to deliver any shares of Class A common stock pursuant to the exercise of a warrant and will have no obligation to settle such warrant exercise unless a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the issuance of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is then effective and a current prospectus relating to those shares of Class A common stock is available, subject to the Company satisfying its obligations with respect to registration, or a valid exemption from registration is available.

No warrant will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, and the Company will not be obligated to issue any shares to holders seeking to exercise their warrants, unless the issuance of the shares upon such exercise is registered or qualified under the securities laws of the state of residence of the exercising holder, or an exemption from registration is available.

The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 15 business days after the closing of a Business Combination, the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to file, and within 60 business days following a Business Combination to have declared effective, a registration statement covering the issuance of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and to maintain a current prospectus relating to those shares of Class A common stock until the warrants expire or are redeemed. Notwithstanding the above, if the Class A common stock is at the time of any exercise of a warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that it satisfies the definition of a “covered security” under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act, the Company may, at its option, require holders of Public Warrants who exercise their warrants to do so on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act and, in the event the Company so elects, the Company will not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement, but will use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available.

Redemption of Warrants When the Price per Share of Class A Common Stock Equals or Exceeds $18.00

Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants:

•

in whole and not in part;

•

at a price of $0.01 per Public Warrant;

•

upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, or the

30-day

redemption period to each warrant holder; and

•

if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganization, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within a

30-trading

day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to warrant holders.

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If and when the warrants become redeemable by the Company, the Company may exercise its redemption right even if it is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws.

If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, as described above, its management will have the option to require any holder that wishes to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. The exercise price and number of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, extraordinary dividend or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, except as described below, the Public Warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of common stock at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the Public Warrants. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of Public Warrants will not receive any of such funds with respect to their Public Warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such Public Warrants. Accordingly, the Public Warrants may expire worthless.

The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units sold in the Initial Public Offering, except that the Private Placement Warrants and the Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants are not transferable, assignable or saleable until 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Placement Warrants are exercisable on a cashless basis and are

non-redeemable,

except as described above, so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants are redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.

NOTE 9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company follows the guidance in ASC 820 for its financial assets and liabilities that are

re-measured

and reported at fair value at each reporting period, and

non-financial

assets and liabilities that are

re-measured

and reported at fair value at least annually.

The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:



Level 1:		Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2:		Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

Level 3:		Unobservable inputs based on our assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

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The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:


Description:	Level		March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Assets:
Investments Held for Trading		1	$	102,283	$	101,511
Investments held in Trust Account		1	$	8,634,335	$	8,544,857
Liabilities:
Warrant liability - Private Placement Warrants		3	$	176,800	$	33,600
Warrant liability - Public Warrants		1	$	254,150	$	48,300

The Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants were accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC

815-40

and are presented within liabilities on the condensed balance sheets. The warrant liabilities were measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented within change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the condensed statements of operations.

Upon consummation of the Initial Public Offering, the Company used a Monte Carlo simulation model to value the Public Warrants and a modified Black-Scholes model to value the Private Placement Warrants. The Company allocated the proceeds received from (i) the sale of Units (which is inclusive of one share of Class A common stock and

one-half

of one Public Warrant) and (ii) the sale of Private Placement Warrants, first to the warrants based on their fair values as determined at initial measurement, with the remaining proceeds allocated to shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption (temporary equity) based on their relative fair values at the initial measurement date. The Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy at the issuance due to the use of unobservable inputs. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Public Warrants were valued using the publicly available price for the Warrant and are classified as Level 1 on the Fair Value Hierarchy. The Company relied upon the implied volatility of the Public Warrants and the implied volatilities of comparable companies and the closing price as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 per Public Warrant to estimate the volatility for the Private Placement Warrants. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Private Placement Warrants were classified within Level 3 of the Fair Value Hierarchy at the measurement dates due to the use of unobservable inputs

The table below provides a summary of the changes in fair value, including net transfers in and/or out, of all financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended March 31, 2025:


	Fair Value Measurement Using Level 3 Inputs Total
Balance, fair value at December 31, 2024	$	33,600
Change in fair value of derivative warrant liabilities		143,200

Balance, fair value at March 31, 2025	$	176,800

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of the derivative feature of the Warrants was calculated using the following range of weighted average assumptions


	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Risk-free interest rate		3.96	%		4.38	%
Expected volatility of underlying shares		2.00	%		2.00	%
Dividend yield		0.00	%		0.00	%
Probability of business combination		1.00	%		0.30	%

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The following table provides a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


	Private Placement Warrants		Public Warrants		Total
Fair value at December 31, 2024	$	33,600	$	48,300	$	81,900
Change in fair value		143,200		205,850		349,050

Fair value at March 31, 2025	$	176,800	$	254,150	$	430,950

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the derivative liability was $430,950 and $81,900, respectively. In addition, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, the Company recorded $349,050 and $235,000 as a loss on the change in fair value of the derivative warrants on the condensed statements of operations, respectively.

NOTE 10. SEGMENT INFORMATION

ASC Topic 280, “

Segment Reporting

,” establishes standards for companies to report in their financial statements information about operating segments, products, services, geographic areas, and major customers. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), or group, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance.

The Company is a blank check company formed for the purpose of effecting a Business Combination. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had not commenced any operations. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of its initial Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates

non-operating

income in the form of interest income on cash from the proceeds derived from the Initial Public Offering, and

non-operating

income or expense from the changes in the fair value of warrant liability.

The Company’s CODM has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer, who reviews the operating results for the Company as a whole to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing financial performance.

Accordingly, management has determined that the Company only has one operating segment. The CODM does not review assets in evaluating the results of the Company, and therefore, such information is not presented.

The significant segment expenses provided to the CODM are consistent with those reported on the statements of operations and include general and administrative, interest expense and income taxes.

NOTE 11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company’s management has evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were issued. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events other than the below that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.

On April 23, 2025, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “April 2025 Special Meeting”). As of March 24, 2025, the record date of the April 2025 Special Meeting, there were 6,488,146 issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”) comprised of 6,238,146 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class A Shares”), and 250,000 shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. At the April 2025 Special Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved the proposal to file an amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware (the “Amendment”) to extend the date from May 2, 2025 to May 1, 2026 (the “Extension” and such proposal, the “Extension Proposal”); by which the Company must (1) consummate a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (an “initial business combination”) or (2) cease its operations except for the purpose of winding up if it fails to complete such initial business combination, and redeem all of the Class A Shares included as part of the units sold in the Company’s initial public offering. On April 25, 2025, to effectuate the Extension, the Company filed the Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

In connection with the April 2025 Special Meeting, stockholders holding 221,949 Class A Shares exercised their right to redeem such shares for a pro rata portion of the funds then held in the Company’s Trust Account. As a result, $2,603,924.73 (approximately $11.73

per share) was removed from the Trust Account to pay such holders as of April 30, 2025.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of AltEnergy Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Quarterly Report”). Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report includes forward-looking statements. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report including, without limitation, statements in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding the Company’s financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those described in the Risk Factors section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 28, 2025, and in our other SEC filings. Except as expressly required by applicable securities law, we disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward- looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.

Overview

We are a blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation and formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (the “initial business combination”). We intend to effectuate our business combination using cash from the proceeds of our initial public offering and the private placement that occurred simultaneously with the completion of our initial public offering to the extent any funds remain available after any redemptions effected in connection with the initial business combination, our capital stock, debt or a combination of cash, stock and debt.

As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, and as disclosed in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 24, 2025, we expect to issue additional shares in connection with the proposed initial business combination to the owners of the target or other investors, with the following consequences

•

significant dilution of the equity interest of holders of our common stock;

•

potential subordination of the rights of holders of our common stock if preferred stock is issued with rights senior to those afforded our common stock;

•

a change in control, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and will likely result in the resignation or removal of one or more of our present officers and directors;

•

potential delay or prevention of a change of control of us by diluting the stock ownership or voting rights of a person seeking to obtain control of us; and

•

potentially adversely affecting prevailing market prices for our Class A common stock and/or warrants.

Similarly, if we issue debt securities or otherwise incur significant debt to bank or other lenders or the owners of a target, it could result in:

•

default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after our initial business combination are insufficient to repay our debt obligations;

•

acceleration of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we make all principal and interest payments when due if we breach certain covenants that require the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant;

•

our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt is payable on demand;

•

our inability to obtain necessary additional financing if the debt contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain such financing while the debt is outstanding;

•

our inability to pay dividends on our common stock;

•

using a substantial portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the funds available for dividends on our common stock if declared, our ability to pay expenses, make capital expenditures and acquisitions, and fund other general corporate purposes;

•

limitations on our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business and in the industry in which we operate;

•

increased vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse changes in government regulation;

•

limitations on our ability to borrow additional amounts for expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, and execution of our strategy; and

•

other purposes and other disadvantages compared to our competitors who have less debt.

In the short term, we are incurring costs in the pursuit of our initial business combination plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to raise capital or to complete our initial business combination will be successful.

Extension of Combination Period

April 2023 Special Meeting

On April 28, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “April 2023 Special Meeting”). As of April 10, 2023, the record date of the April 2023 Special Meeting, there were 28,750,000 issued and outstanding shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”) comprised of 23,000,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class A Shares”), and 5,750,000 shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. At the April 2023 Special Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved the proposal to file an amendment to AltEnergy’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware (the “Amendment”) to extend the date from May 2, 2023, to May 2, 2024 (the “Extension,” and such proposal, the “Extension Proposal”) by which the Company must (1) consummate a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (an “initial business combination”) or (2) cease its operations except for the purpose of winding up if it fails to complete such initial business combination, and redeem all of the Class A Shares included as part of the units sold in the Company’s IPO that was consummated on November 2, 2021. On April 28, 2023, to effectuate the Extension, the Company filed the Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. Stockholders holding 21,422,522 Class A Shares exercised their right to redeem such shares for a pro rata portion of the funds in the Company’s trust account (“Trust Account”) in connection with the Extension. As a result, $222,484,624 (approximately $10.38 per share) was removed from the Trust Account on or about May 15, 2023 to pay such holders, and an additional $855,762 was removed from the Trust Account on or about May 9, 2023. As of December 31, 2023 there was $17,591,536 (or approximately $11.15 per share of Class A common stock that is subject to redemption) held in the Trust Account.

On April 28, 2023, following the April 2023 Special Meeting, 5,500,000 shares of Class B Common Stock were converted into Class A Shares, which Class A Shares are not subject to redemption.

April 2024 Special Meeting

On April 16, 2024, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “April 2024 Special Meeting”). As of March 5, 2024, the record date of the April 2024 Special Meeting, there were 7,327,478 issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock comprised of 7,077,478 shares of the Company’s Class A Shares, and 250,000 shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. At the April 2024 Special Meeting, AltEnergy’s stockholders approved the proposal to file an amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware (the “Amendment”) to extend the date from May 2, 2024, to November 2, 2024 (the “Extended Date”) and to allow the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”), without another stockholder vote, to elect to further extend the date to consummate an initial business combination after the Extended Date up to six times, by an additional month each time, upon two days’ advance notice prior to the applicable deadline, up to May 2, 2025 (the “Additional Extension Date” and together with the Extended Date the “Extension” and such proposal, the “Extension Proposal”); by which the Company must (1) consummate a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (an “initial business combination”) or (2) cease its operations except for the purpose of winding up if it fails to complete such initial business combination, and redeem all of the Class A Shares included as part of the units sold in the Company’s IPO that was consummated on November 2, 2021. On April 17, 2024, to effectuate the Extension, the Company filed the Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

As a result of the April 2024 Special Meeting, stockholders holding 839,332 Class A Shares exercised their right to redeem such shares for a pro rata portion of the funds in the Company’s trust account (“Trust Account”) in connection with the Extension. As a result, $9,513,007 (approximately $11.33 per share) was removed from the Trust Account on or about April 23, 2024 to pay such holders. As of April 30, 2024 there was $8,344,700 (or approximately $11.30 per share of Class A common stock that is subject to redemption) held in the Trust Account.

Additional Extensions

Pursuant to the amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation referred to above, the Board (i) on October 30, 2024, approved an extension of the date by which the Company is required to complete an initial business combination from November 2, 2024 to December 2, 2024; (ii) on November 25, 2024, approved an extension of the date by which the Company is required to complete an initial business combination from December 2, 2024 to January 2, 2025; (iii) on December 20, 2024, approved an extension of the date by which the Company is required to complete an initial business combination from January 2, 2025 to February 2, 2025; January 28, 2025, approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete an initial business combination from February 2, 2025 to March 2, 2025; (v) on February 25, 2025, approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete an initial business combination from March 2, 2025 to April 2, 2025; (vi) on March 26, 2025 approved an extension of the date by which AltEnergy is required to complete an initial business combination from April 2, 2025 to May 2, 2025.

April 2025 Special Meeting

Results of Operations

We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our only activities since inception were organizational activities, those necessary to prepare for the initial public offering, and identifying a target company for a business combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our initial business combination. We generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with completing a business combination.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we had a net loss of $1,143,492 and a net loss of $1,259,880, respectively. Our net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025 consisted of interest income earned on the funds held in Trust in the amount of $89,478, a loss of $349,050 on the change in fair value of the derivative warrant liabilities associated with the warrants issued as part of the Units sold in the Public Offering and the Private Placement Warrants, interest income earned on the operating and investment accounts of $1,032 offset by operating expenses that total
$808,853, interest expense of $76,099. Our net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 consisted of interest income earned on the funds held in Trust in the amount of $229,469, interest income earned on operating and investment accounts of $1,386 offset by a loss of $235,000 on the change in fair value of the derivative warrant liabilities associated with the warrants issued as part of the Units sold in the Public Offering and the Private Placement Warrants, operating expenses that total $1,203,055 and interest expense of $10,805 and income tax provision of $41,875.

Going Concern Considerations, Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2025 there was $8,634,335 (or approximately $11.70 per share) held in the Trust Account. Cash of $13,654 was held outside of the Trust Account on March 31, 2025 and was available for working capital purposes. As of March 31, 2025, there was $102,283 held in the restricted investment account which together with interest earned thereon and after payment of associated taxes and account fees up to $100,000 is reserved to pay dissolution costs and expenses in the event the Company fails to complete an initial business combination and is dissolved. To the extent such funds in the restricted investment account are insufficient (less than $100,000), additional funds will be dispersed from the Trust up to a combined total of $100,000. Any amount in the restricted investment account in excess of $100,000 will be for the benefit of the Trust. If an initial business combination is consummated all funds

then held in the restricted investment account, including amounts previously reserved to pay dissolution costs and expenses in the event the Company fails to complete an initial business combination will be for the benefit of the Trust. As described in Note 6 to the financial statements, the $8,050,000 deferred underwriting fees are contingent upon the consummation of the Business Combination.

We intend to use all of such funds held outside the Trust Account other than the $100,000 reserved to pay dissolution costs and expenses primarily to perform business, legal and financial due diligence in connection with our business combination agreement as described in Note 1 of this Form 10-Q, and structure, negotiate and complete the business combination.

For the three months ending March 31, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $292,137, consisting primarily of net loss of $1,143,492 including interest income on the funds held in the Trust of $89,478, interest income earned on the operating and investment accounts of $1,027 offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities providing $592,810 of cash from operating activities and a loss on the change in the fair value of the warrant liabilities of $349,050.

In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that the Company may lack the financial resources it needs to sustain operations for a reasonable period of time, which is considered to be one year from the issuance date of the financial statements. Management has also determined that, in accordance with the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, unless the Company completes a business combination by May 1, 2026, as extended by six one-month extensions and one one-year extension at the election of the Company’s Board of Directors from November 2, 2024, the Company will cease all operations, redeem the public shares and thereafter liquidate and dissolve. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP, which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern.

The Company intends to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the Trust Account, excluding the deferred underwriting commissions, and amounts paid to redeem public shares, to complete an initial business combination. To the extent that capital stock or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete an initial business combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business or businesses, make other acquisitions and pursue growth strategies. If an initial business combination agreement requires the Company to use a portion of the cash in the Trust Account to pay the purchase price or requires the Company to have a minimum amount of cash at closing, the Company will need to reserve a portion of the cash in the Trust Account to meet such requirements or arrange for third-party financing.

We may have insufficient funds available to operate our business prior to our business combination. Moreover, we may need to obtain additional financing either to complete our business combination or because we become obligated to redeem a significant number of the remaining public shares upon completion of our business combination, in which case we may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such business combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, we would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our business combination. If we are unable to complete our business combination because we do not have sufficient funds available to us, we will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following our business combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, we may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet our obligations.

As of March 31, 2025, we had cash of $115,937 held outside the Trust Account, of which $102,283 is held in a restricted account and reserved to pay taxes and dissolution costs and expenses in the event the Company fails to complete in initial business combination and is dissolved. We intend to use all of such funds held outside the Trust Account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, and structure, negotiate and complete a business combination. The balance will be used to pay accrued taxes.

Convertible Working Capital Loan

Loan Payable - Sponsor

Additionally, per a Commitment Letter, dated July 19, 2022, the Sponsor undertook upon the Company’s written request to make available an aggregate amount of up to $250,000 to provide the Company funds for working capital purposes to ensure that the Company would continue as a going concern for at least 12 months. A second Commitment Letter was dated May 4, 2023 for up to an additional $750,000. A third Commitment Letter was dated December 20, 2023 for up to an additional $800,000. The Sponsor is charging interest at the mid-term applicable federal rate at the time of funding. During the three ended March 31, 2025, the Sponsor loaned an aggregate of $215,000 to the Company for working capital purposes. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $2,550,000 and $2,335,000 remained outstanding, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was accrued interest of $118,766 and $91,688, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements

We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2025. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.

Contractual Obligations

We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations, purchase obligations or long-term liabilities, other than an agreement to pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a monthly fee of $15,000 for office space, utilities and administrative support to the Company. We began incurring these fees on October 28, 2021. On January 28, 2023 this agreement was amended to provide that, rather than be payable on a monthly basis, the payments due thereunder commencing with the monthly payment payable on or about February 28, 2023 shall accrue and be payable on the completion of a business combination or the Company’s liquidation.

The Underwriting Agreement with B. Riley Securities, Inc., provides that upon the consummation of our initial business combination, we will pay B. Riley Securities, Inc. out of the funds in the Trust Account a cash fee in an amount equal to 3.5% of the gross proceeds of the Public Offering (exclusive of any applicable finders’ fees which might become payable). No fee will be due if we do not complete an initial business combination.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policy:

Common stock subject to possible redemption

The Company accounts for its shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance enumerated in ASC 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity”. Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The shares of the Company’s Class A common stock feature certain redemption rights that are considered by the Company to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption in the amount of $8,736,618 and $8,646,368 are presented as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheets, respectively. The shares of Class A common stock that were issued upon conversion of shares of Class B common stock are not subject to redemption and accordingly are presented in the stockholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheets.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” The Company’s derivative instruments are recorded at fair value as of the closing date of the Initial Public Offering (November 2, 2021) and re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. Derivative assets and liabilities are classified on the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date. The Company has determined the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants are derivative instruments. As the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants meet the definition of a derivative, the Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants are measured at fair value at issuance and at each reporting date in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, with changes in fair value recognized in the statement of operations in the period of change.

Warrants Instruments

We evaluated the Warrants in accordance with ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity”, and concluded that a provision in the Warrant Agreement related to certain tender or exchange offers as well as provisions that provided for potential changes to the settlement amounts dependent upon the characteristics of the holder of the warrant, precludes the Warrants from being accounted for as components of equity. As the Warrants meet the definition of a derivative as contemplated in ASC 815 and are not eligible for an exception from derivative accounting, the Warrants are recorded as derivative liabilities on the Balance Sheet. Upon consummation of the Initial Public Offering, the Company used a Monte Carlo simulation model to value the Public Warrants and a modified Black-Scholes model to value the Private Placement Warrants. The Company allocated the proceeds received from (i) the sale of Units (which is inclusive of one share of Class A common stock and one-half of one Public Warrant), (ii) the sale of Private Placement Warrants, and (iii) the issuance of shares of Class B common stock, first to the warrants based on their fair values as determined at initial measurement, with the remaining proceeds allocated to shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption (temporary equity) and Class B common stock (permanent equity) based on their relative fair values at the initial measurement date. The Public Warrants and the Private Placement Warrants were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy at the measurement dates due to the use of unobservable inputs.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Public Warrants were valued using the publicly available price for the Warrant and are classified as Level 1 on the Fair Value Hierarchy. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company used a modified Black-Scholes model to value the Private Placement Warrants. The Company relied upon the implied volatility of the Public Warrants and the implied volatilities of comparable companies and the closing price as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, per Public Warrant, respectively, to estimate the volatility for the Private Placement Warrants. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Private Placement Warrants were classified within Level 3 of the Fair Value Hierarchy at the measurement dates due to the use of unobservable inputs.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid to transfer of a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. US GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

•

Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets;

•

Net loss per share

Net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company applies the two-class method in calculating earnings per share. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two classes of shares. The calculation of diluted loss per share of common stock does not consider the effect of the warrants issued in connection with the (i) Initial Public Offering, and (ii) the private placement since the exercise of the warrants is contingent upon the occurrence of future events. As of March 31, 2025, the Company did not have any dilutive securities or other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into common stock and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for the period presented. As of March 31, 2025, the warrants are exercisable to purchase 19,500,000 shares of Class A common stock in the aggregate.

Recent accounting pronouncements

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09, “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”). The ASU is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in the ASU address investor requests for enhanced income tax information primarily through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for us in the annual period beginning January 1, 2025, though early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating the presentational effect that ASU 2023-09 will have on its financial statements, but we expect changes to our income tax footnote.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

As of March 31, 2025, we were not subject to any market or interest rate risk.

We have not engaged in any hedging activities since our inception. We do not expect to engage in any hedging activities with respect to the market risk to which we are exposed.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures designed with the objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), such as this quarterly report, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time period specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures are also designed with the objective of ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer (our “Certifying Officers”) previously evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2022, pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded certain disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2022 due to that material weaknesses that existed related to our accounting for complex financial instruments and our accounting and reporting for the completeness and accuracy of warrant liabilities and the corresponding change in the fair value of the warrant liability, which led to the restatement of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Management subsequently evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and additionally identified, as it relates to the material weakness discussed above relating to the accounting for complex financial instruments, a failure to properly record the capital contributions and related costs associated with non-redemption agreements entered into with certain stockholders of the Company in connection with the special meeting of stockholders of the Company held on April 28, 2023 that led to the restatement of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended June 30, 2023 and September 30, 2023. In addition, management identified a material weakness in relation to the accounting of contractual liabilities which led to errors in our financial statements in the accounting of consulting fees pursuant to a consulting agreement with our chief financial officer that led to the restatement of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2023, June 30, 2023, and September 30, 2023. In addition to the remediation steps discussed below, the Company has added additional steps to its internal financial review process in order to provide reasonable assurance that a reoccurrence of a material misstatement of any item in our financial statements will not occur. Our Certifying Officers evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2025. Based on this evaluation our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the previously identified material weaknesses have not been remediated and that no additional material weaknesses were identified.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected and corrected on a timely basis.

Effective disclosure controls and internal control are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and prevent fraud. We continue to evaluate steps to remediate the material weaknesses. These remediation measures may be time consuming and costly and there is no assurance that these initiatives will ultimately have the intended effects.

Management has implemented remediation steps to improve our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting. Specifically, we expanded and improved our review process for complex securities and related accounting standards. We plan to further improve this process by enhancing access to accounting literature, identification of third-party professionals with whom to consult regarding complex accounting applications and consideration of additional staff with the requisite experience and training to supplement existing accounting professionals.

If we identify any new material weakness in the future, any such newly identified material weakness could limit our ability to prevent or detect a misstatement of our accounts or disclosures that could result in a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements. In such case, we may be unable to maintain compliance with securities law requirements regarding timely filing of periodic reports in addition to applicable stock exchange listing requirements, investors may lose confidence in our financial reporting and our stock price may decline as a result.

We cannot assure you that the measures we have taken to date, or any measures we may take in the future, will be sufficient to avoid potential future material weaknesses.

We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial reporting reliability and financial statement preparation and presentation. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls become inadequate because of changes in conditions and that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the results of its evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2024, due to the material weaknesses noted above.

Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2025, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the results of its evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of March 31, 2025.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f)and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025			2024
EXPENSES
Administrative fee - related party	$	45,000		$	45,000
Consulting fees – related party		46,800			46,800
Business combination expenses		397,636			151,864
General and administrative		319,417			959,391

TOTAL EXPENSES		808,853			1,203,055

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Income earned on investments held in Trust Account		89,478			229,469
Income earned on cash and investment accounts		1,032			1,386
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		(349,050	)		(235,000	)
Interest expense		(76,099	)		(10,805	)

TOTAL OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET		(334,639	)		(14,950	)

Net income (loss) before income tax provision		(1,143,492	)		(1,218,005	)

Income tax provision		—			(41,875	)

Net loss	$	(1,143,492	)	$	(1,259,880	)

Weighted average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding, basic and diluted		6,238,146			7,077,478

Basic and diluted net loss per share of Class A common stock	$	(0.18	)	$	(0.17	)

Weighted average number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding, basic and diluted		250,000			250,000

Basic and diluted net loss per share of Class B common stock	$	(0.18	)	$	(0.17	)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025			For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(1,143,492	)	$	(1,259,880	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Investment income earned on investments held in the Trust Account		(89,478	)		(229,469	)
Gain on change in fair value of derivative liabilities		349,050			235,000
Interest income earned on investment account		(1,027	)		(1,369	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses		39,859			7,402
Income tax receivable		—			18,348
Other deferred expenses		302,985			725,174
Consulting fees payable – related party		46,800			46,800
Accrued income taxes payable		—			29,174
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		203,166			225,580

Net Cash Used In Operating Activities		(292,137	)		(208,887	)

Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Funds withdrawn from investment account to pay fees		255			—

Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities		255			—

Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from loan payable - Sponsor		215,000			175,000
Proceeds from related party advances		72,078			55,805

Net Cash Used In Financing Activities		287,078			230,805

Net change in cash		(4,804	)		21,918
Cash at beginning of period		18,458			74,974

Cash at end of period	$	13,654		$	96,892

Supplemental Schedule of Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for income taxes	$	—		$	—
Supplemental Schedule of Non-cash Financing Activities:
Remeasurement of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption to redemption amount	$	90,250		$	212,490


Exhibit No.		Description

3.1		Third Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of AltEnergy Acquisition Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-40984), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 25, 2025)

31.1*		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).

31.2*		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).

32.1*		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. 1350.

32.2*		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. 1350.

101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document-the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104*		The cover page for the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q has been formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101


ALTENERGY ACQUISITION CORP.

By:		/s/ Russell Stidolph
Name:		Russell Stidolph
Title:		Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)

By:		/s/ Jonathan Darnell
Name:		Jonathan Darnell
Title:		Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer)


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		1

Item 1.	Condensed Financial Statements	1
	Condensed Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 (unaudited) and December 31, 2024 (audited)	1
	Condensed Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)	2
	Condensed Statements of Changes In Stockholders’ Deficit for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)	3
	Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)	4
	Notes to Condensed Financial Statements (unaudited)	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	26
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	34

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		36

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	36
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	36
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	36
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	36
Item 5.	Other Information	36
Item 6.	Exhibits	37


	Class A Common Stock				Class B Common Stock				Additional Paid In Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Stockholders’ Deficit
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Additional Paid In Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Stockholders’ Deficit
Balance, January 1, 2025		5,500,000	$	550		250,000	$	25	$	—	$	(16,117,185	)	$	(16,116,610	)
Remeasurement of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption to redemption amount		—		—		—		—		—		(90,250	)		(90,250	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		(1,143,492	)		(1,143,492	)

Balance, March 31, 2025		5,500,000	$	550		250,000	$	25	$	—	$	(17,350,927	)	$	(17,350,352	)