EX-96.3 141 ex963.htm EX-96.3 ex963
ex963p1i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
February 2024
Prepared for:
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
100 Bill Baker Way
 
Beckley, West
 
Virginia 25801
Prepared by:
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
582 Industrial Park Road
Bluefield, Virginia
 
24605
www.mma1.com
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
1
Statement of Use and Preparation
This
 
Technical
 
Report
 
Summary
 
(
TRS
)
 
was
 
prepared
 
by
Marshall
 
Miller
 
&
 
Associates,
 
Inc.
(
MM&A
)
 
for the sole
 
use of
Coronado Global Resources
 
Inc. (
Coronado
)
and its affiliated
 
and
subsidiary companies and advisors.
 
Copies or references to information
 
in this report may not
be used without the written permission of Coronado.
This report provides
 
a statement
 
of coal resources
 
and coal reserves
 
for Coronado,
 
as defined
under the
Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore
Reserves
(
JORC Code
) as
 
well as
 
under Subpart
 
1300 of
 
Regulation
 
S-K (Regulation
 
S-K 1300)
promulgated
 
by
the
United
 
States
 
Securities
 
and
 
Exchange
 
Commission
 
(
SEC
)
.
 
Subject
 
to
 
the
comments below,
 
this report was
 
also prepared in
 
accordance with the
Australasian Code for
Public Reporting of Technical
 
Assessments and Valuations of Mineral Assets
(
VALMIN Code
).
 
The
 
statement
 
is
 
based
 
on
 
information
 
provided
 
by
 
Coronado
 
and
 
reviewed
 
by
Qualified
Persons
 
(
QPs
) who are full-time employees of MM&A.
As noted above,
 
this report is
 
a “Public
 
Report” for
 
the purposes
 
of the
 
VALMIN Code.
 
However,
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
paragraph
 
12.1
 
of
 
the
 
VALMIN
 
Code,
 
it
 
is
 
noted
 
that
 
this
 
report
 
is
 
not
 
a
“Valuation of Mineral Assets
”,
and it also
 
does not comply
 
with the following
 
requirements that
apply to “Technical Assessments” (as defined in the VALMIN
 
Code):
This report does not include a determination of the status
 
of tenure (as required by paragraph
7.2 of the VALMIN Code) on the basis that tenure was separately reviewed by Coronado’s
 
legal
advisors.
This report
 
does not
 
include separate
 
commentary on
 
the reasonableness
 
and quality
 
of the
Resources and Reserves estimates and
 
the basis on
 
which they have
 
been reported (as
 
required
by paragraph
 
7.3 of
 
the VALMIN
 
Code).
 
MM&A did
 
not consider
 
that this
 
was appropriate
 
in
circumstances
 
where
 
MM&A
 
was
 
engaged
 
for
 
the
 
specific
 
purpose
 
of
 
preparing
 
those
estimates.
 
However,
 
MM&A notes that, in accordance with its usual practice, a separate team
of
 
MM&A
 
employees
 
undertook
 
a
 
peer
 
review
 
of
 
this
 
report
 
and
 
confirmed
 
that
 
both
 
the
process followed by the
 
authors of this
 
report and the
 
estimates prepared were reasonable and
comply with the requirements of the JORC Code.
 
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
2
The
 
information
 
in
 
this
 
TRS
 
related
 
to
 
coal
 
resources
 
and
 
reserves
 
is
 
based
 
on,
 
and
 
fairly
represents,
 
information
 
compiled
 
by
 
the
 
QPs.
 
At
 
the
 
time
 
of
 
reporting,
 
MM&A’s
 
QPs
 
have
sufficient
 
experience
 
relevant
 
to
 
the
 
style
 
of
 
mineralization
 
and
 
type
 
of
 
deposit
 
under
consideration
 
and
 
to
 
the
 
activity
 
they
 
are
 
undertaking
 
to
 
qualify
 
as
 
a
 
QP
 
as
 
defined
 
by
Regulation S-K 1300 and the JORC Code.
 
Each QP consents to the inclusion in this report of the
matters based on their information
 
in the form and context in which it appears.
Marshall
 
Miller
 
&
 
Associates,
 
Inc.
 
(
MM&A
)
 
hereby
 
consents
 
to
 
the
 
use
 
of
 
the
 
information
contained in this
 
report dated December 31,
 
2023, relating to
 
estimates of coal
 
resources and
coal reserves controlled by Coronado.
 
Qualified
Person:
/s/ Marshall Miller & Associates, Inc.
Date:
February 16, 2024
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
i
Table
 
of Contents
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
ii
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
iii
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
iv
Figures (in Report)
Tables
 
(in Report)
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
v
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
vi
Appendices
A...............................................................................................................................MM&A
Qualifications
B.........................................................................................................................................................M
aps
C.....................................................................................................................................Glossary of
Terms
D..........................................................Initial Economic Assessment for Resources
 
Exclusive of
Reserves
E.............................................................................................................................................JORC
Table 1
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
1
1
Executive Summary
1.1
 
Property Description
Coronado
 
Global
 
Resources
 
Inc.
 
(
Coronado
)
authorized
 
Marshall
 
Miller
 
&
 
Associates,
 
Inc.
(
MM&A
)
 
to prepare
 
this Technical
 
Report Summary (TRS)
 
of its controlled
 
coal resources
 
and
reserves located at
 
the
Logan County
 
Complex (
Logan
)
 
in Boone,
 
Logan and
 
Wyoming Counties,
West Virginia
 
(the
Property
).
 
This TRS updates the TRS titled,
 
"
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
Statement
 
of Coal
 
Resources
 
and Reserves
 
for the
 
Logan County
 
Complex
 
in Accordance
 
with
the
 
JORC
 
Code
 
and
 
United
 
States
 
SEC
 
Regulation
 
S-K
 
1300
 
as
 
of
 
December 31,
 
2022
 
Central
Appalachian Coal
 
Basin West
 
Virginia, USA
 
February 2023
,"
 
dated
 
February 15,
 
2023,
 
due to
material
 
differences
 
in
 
the
 
key
 
financial
 
modifying
 
factors
 
including
 
coal
 
sales
 
price
assumptions, operating costs and capital costs
 
from December 31, 2022
 
to December 31, 2023.
 
Coal sales
 
price assumptions
 
are discussed
 
in
 
Sections 12
 
and 16
 
of the
 
TRS, while
 
operating
costs and capital
 
costs are discussed
 
in
Sections 18
 
and 19
 
of the TRS.
 
A portion
 
of the resources
defined in the February 2023 TRS
 
were converted
 
to reserves as discussed in
Section 11
of the
current TRS.
 
The report provides a
 
statement of coal resources and
 
coal reserves for Coronado,
as
 
defined
 
under
 
the
Australasian
 
Code
 
for
 
Reporting
 
of
 
Exploration
 
Results,
 
Mineral
Resources
 
and
 
Ore
 
Reserves
(
JORC
 
Code
)
 
as
 
well
 
as
 
under
 
Subpart
 
1300
 
of
 
Regulation
 
S-K
(Regulation S-K 1300) promulgated
 
by the
United States Securities and Exchange Commission
(
SEC
)
.
 
This
 
report
 
was
 
also
 
prepared
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
the
Australasian
 
Code
 
for
 
Public
Reporting of Technical
 
Assessments and Valuations of Mineral Assets
(
VALMIN Code
).
Coal resources
 
and coal reserves
 
are herein
 
reported in
 
metric units of
 
measurement and
 
are
rounded to millions of metric tonnes (
Mt
).
Surface facilities for
 
the operations are
 
located along Buffalo
 
Creek and a
CSX Corporation (
CSX
)
rail
 
line
 
about
 
21
 
kilometers
 
north-northeast
 
of
 
Man,
 
West
 
Virginia
 
(see
Figure
 
1-1
).
 
The
Property
 
is
 
composed
 
of
 
13,183
 
total
 
hectares,
 
13,114
 
of
 
which
 
are
 
leased
 
from
 
private
landholders under approximately 15
 
individual leases,
 
and 69
 
hectares are owned
 
by Coronado.
 
Subject to Coronado exercising its renewal rights thereunder, a majority of the leases, covering
a majority of the Logan reserves, expire upon exhaustion of the
 
relevant coal reserves, which is
expected to occur in 2057.
 
One lease expires in 2032; however,
 
Coronado is projected to have
previously exhausted the reserves covered
 
thereby.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p11i2 ex963p11i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
2
Figure 1-1:
 
Coronado Logan Property Location Map
1.2
 
Ownership
The Logan properties started mining in 1945 by
Lorado Mining Company
.
 
The properties
were
sold to
Buffalo Mining Company
 
in 1964 and then
 
to
Pittston Coal Company (
Pittston
)
 
in 1971.
 
Pittston operated the properties until the
 
early 1990’s when it idled
 
the mine complex
 
and then
in
 
2004
 
sold
 
them
 
to
Addington
 
Resources
.
 
Production
 
resumed
 
in
 
2005.
 
Imagin
 
Natural
Resources
 
acquired the
 
properties in
 
2007 and then
 
sold them to
Cleveland-Cliffs Inc.
 
(
Cliffs
)
in 2011, which in turn sold the properties to Coronado in 2014.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
3
1.3
 
Geology
The coal-bearing
 
formation of
 
interest
 
at Logan
 
is primarily
 
the Kanawha
 
Formation of
 
Lower
Pennsylvanian
 
System, which
 
comprises a major
 
portion of the
 
exposed ridges.
 
The Kanawha
Formation
 
is
 
a
 
coal
 
bearing
 
sequence
 
of
 
sandstones,
 
siltstones,
 
shales,
 
and
 
mudstones
 
with
minor occurrences of siderite, limestone and flint clay.
 
Coronado
mines
 
several
 
coal
 
horizons
 
within
 
the
 
Kanawha
 
formation.
 
The
 
horizons
 
are
 
as
follows:
 
Buffalo
 
Creek,
 
Upper
 
Clarion
 
Rider,
 
Clarion,
 
Lower
 
Clarion,
 
Upper
 
Stockton,
 
Lower
Stockton, Upper Coalburg, Lower Coalburg,
 
Lower Dorothy, Upper Winifrede, Lower Winifrede,
Chilton-A, Chilton, Upper Cedar
 
Grove, Middle Cedar Grove,
 
Lower Cedar Grove,
 
2 Gas, Upper
Powellton,
 
Lower
 
Powellton,
 
Eagle,
 
and
 
Lower
 
War
 
Eagle.
 
Operations
 
at
 
the
 
Logan
 
Mine
Complex extract multiple coal seams by both underground and surface
 
mining methods.
1.4
 
Exploration Status
The Property has been extensively explored, largely by drilling with continuous coring methods
and
 
rotary
 
drilling,
 
often
 
supported
 
by
 
downhole
 
geophysical
 
methods.
 
In
 
addition
 
to
exploration
 
means,
 
coal
 
measurements
 
from
 
mine
 
exposures
 
have
 
supplemented
 
the
database.
 
The
 
majority
 
of
 
the
 
data
 
was
 
acquired
 
or
 
generated
 
by
 
previous
 
owners
 
of
 
the
Property.
 
These sources comprise
 
the primary data
 
used in the
 
evaluation of the
 
coal resources
and coal reserves on the Property.
 
MM&A examined the data available
 
for the evaluation and
incorporated
 
all
 
pertinent
 
information
 
into
 
this
 
TRS.
 
Where
 
data
 
was
 
anomalous
 
or
 
not
representative,
 
that
 
data
 
was
 
not
 
honored
 
within
 
the
 
digital
 
databases
 
and
 
for
 
subsequent
processing by MM&A.
 
Ongoing
 
exploration
 
has
 
been
 
carried
 
out
 
by
 
Coronado
 
since
 
acquiring
 
the
 
Logan
 
Complex.
 
Exploration data acquired from Coronado
 
has been consistent with past drilling activities.
 
1.5
 
Operations and Development
As of December 31, 2023, underground mine
 
operations were active at Lower War Eagle, Eagle
No. 1 and Muddy Bridge
 
Mines with three, three
 
and two active mining
 
sections, respectively,
using the room-and-pillar method.
 
The North Fork Winifrede Mine was fully depleted in 2023.
 
The Powellton
 
No. 1
 
Mine was
 
in process
 
of being
 
rehabilitated
 
and had
 
minimal production
during the fourth quarter of 2023, with
 
plans to initiate full production with one
 
mining section
in the
 
first
 
quarter
 
of 2024.
 
Annual deep
 
mine production
 
peaks
 
at approximately
 
2.6 Mt
 
in
2033.
 
Two
 
active
 
surface
 
mines,
 
Toney
 
Fork
 
and
 
Elklick
 
(Buffalo
 
Creek
 
South),
 
were
 
also
operating.
 
Surface
 
production
 
is
 
projected
 
to
 
peak
 
at
 
0.7
 
Mt
 
in
 
2028.
 
Highwall
 
miner
production
 
is
 
also
 
projected
 
to
 
resume
 
in
 
2024
 
with
 
a
 
peak
 
in
 
2047
 
at
 
0.54
 
Mt.
 
Overall
production will continue until 2057 with peak production occurring in 2033 at 3.5 Mt.
The Logan
 
County Complex
 
includes the
 
Saunders Preparation
 
Plant in
 
addition to
 
the mines.
 
The
 
plant
 
site
 
includes
 
raw
 
coal
 
storage,
 
clean
 
coal
 
storage,
 
a
 
railroad
 
loadout,
 
and
 
refuse
disposal area.
 
The plant has a feed rate capacity of 1,088 raw
 
tonnes per hour.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
4
1.6
 
Mineral Resource
Mineral resources,
 
representing in-situ
 
coal from
 
a portion of
 
which reserves
 
are derived,
 
are
presented
 
below.
 
A
 
coal
 
resource
 
estimate,
 
summarized
 
in
Table
 
1-1
,
 
was
 
prepared
 
as
 
of
December 31, 2023, for property controlled by Coronado.
Table 1-1:
 
Coal Resources Summary as of December 31, 2023 (Mt)
Coal Resource (Dry Tonnes, In Situ, MT)
Resource Quality (Dry)
Area
Measured
Indicated
Inferred
Total
Ash%
Sulfur%
VM%
Inclusive of Reserves
133.9
35.8
0.0
169.7
17
1.0
31
Exclusive of Reserves
39.2
35.9
3.4
78.5
Total 12/31/2023
173.1
71.7
3.4
248.3
Note:
 
Resource tonnes are inclusive
 
of reserve tonnes
 
since they include
 
the in-situ tonnes
 
from which recoverable coal
 
reserves are derived.
Note 2:
 
Coal resources are reported on a dry basis.
 
Surface moisture and inherent moisture are excluded.
Note 3: The Property has 75.1 Mt of dry, in-place measured and indicated resource tonnes exclusive of reserves as of December 31, 2023.
1.7
 
Mineral Reserve
Reserve
 
tonnage
 
estimates
 
provided
 
herein
 
report
 
coal
 
reserves
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
in-situ
resource
 
tons
 
presented
 
in
Table
 
1-1
,
 
and
 
not
 
in
 
addition
 
to
 
coal
 
resources.
 
Proven
 
and
probable
 
coal
 
reserves
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
defined
 
coal
 
resource
 
considering
 
relevant
mining, processing,
 
infrastructure, economic (including estimates
 
of capital, revenue, and
 
cost),
marketing,
 
legal,
 
environmental,
 
socio-economic
 
and
 
regulatory
 
factors.
 
The
 
Resource
estimate
 
has
 
been
 
used as
 
the
 
basis for
 
this Reserve
 
calculation,
 
which utilizes
 
a
 
reasonable
Preliminary
 
Feasibility
 
Study,
 
a
 
Life-of
 
Mine
 
(
LOM
)
 
Mine
 
Plan
 
and
 
practical
 
recovery
 
factors.
 
Production modeling was completed with an effective start date of October 1, 2023.
 
Additions
and depletion have been used to bring the Reserve estimate forward
 
to December 31, 2023.
Factors
 
that
 
would
 
typically
 
preclude
 
conversion
 
of
 
a
 
coal
 
resource
 
to
 
coal
 
reserve,
 
which
include
 
the
 
following:
 
inferred
 
resource
 
classification;
 
absence
 
of
 
coal
 
quality;
 
poor
 
mine
recovery;
 
lack
 
of
 
access;
 
geological
 
encumbrances
 
associated
 
with
 
overlying
 
and
 
underlying
strata;
 
seam
 
thinning;
 
structural
 
complication;
 
and
 
insufficient
 
exploration,
 
have
 
all
 
been
considered.
 
Reserve consideration excludes
 
those portions of the resource area
 
which exhibit
the aforementioned geological and operational encumbrances.
 
Coal reserves are presented on
a run-of-mine (
ROM
) basis in
Table 1-2.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
5
Table
 
1-2:
 
Coal Summary (ROM Basis (Moist)) as of December 31, 2023 (Mt)
Demonstrated Coal Reserves (Mt, Moist ROM)
Quality (Dry)
By Reliability Category
By Mining Type
By Control Type
Area / Mine
Proved
Probable
Total
Surface
UG
Owned
Leased
Ash
Sulfur
Vol
Logan Mine Complex
104.1
30.5
134.6
37.0
97.6
0.0
134.6
49
0.9
19
Proven
 
and
 
probable
 
coal
 
reserve
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
defined
 
in-situ
 
coal
 
resource
considering
 
relevant
 
processing,
 
economic
 
(including
 
technical
 
estimates
 
of
 
capital,
 
revenue
and cost), marketing, legal,
 
environmental, socio-economic, and regulatory factors.
 
The proven
and probable coal reserves on the Property are summarized below in
Table 1-3.
Table 1-3:
 
Coal Reserves Summary (Marketable Sales Basis) as of December 31, 2023 (Mt)
Demonstrated Coal Reserves (Wet Ton
 
nes, Washed or Direct Shipped, MT)
Quality (Dry Basis)
By Reliability Category
By Mining Type
By Control Type
Property
Proven
Probable
Total
Surface
UG
Owned
Leased
Ash%
Sulfur%
VM%
Logan County Complex
54.9
15.7
70.6
32.2
38.4
0.0
70.6
8
0.9
35
Note: Marketable
 
reserve tonnes
 
are reported
 
on a
 
moist basis,
 
including a
 
combination of
 
surface and
 
inherent moisture.
 
The combination
 
of
surface and inherent moisture is
 
modeled between 4.5 and
 
6-percent, depending upon mining
 
method.
 
Actual product moisture is dependent
upon multiple geological
 
factors, operational
 
factors, and
 
product contract
 
specifications and can
 
exceed 8-percent.
 
As such, the
 
modeled
moisture values provide a level of conservatism for reserve reporting.
In summary,
 
Coronado controls
 
a total of
 
70.6 Mt (moist basis)
 
of marketable
 
coal reserves at
Logan
 
as
 
of
 
December 31,
 
2023.
 
Of
 
that
 
total,
 
78
 
percent
 
are
 
proven,
 
and
 
22
 
percent
 
are
probable.
 
All
 
70.6 Mt
 
are
 
leased
 
coal
 
reserves
 
and
 
are
 
assigned.
 
Approximately
 
62.2
 
Mt
 
of
reserves are considered
 
suitable for the
 
metallurgical coal market
 
and 8.4 Mt are
 
projected to
be sold into the thermal coal market.
 
1.8
 
Capital Summary
Coronado
 
provided
 
MM&A
 
with
 
an
 
inventory
 
of
 
operating
 
equipment
 
available
 
at
 
Logan.
 
MM&A’s capital schedules assume
 
that major
 
equipment rebuilds occur
 
over the
 
course of
 
each
machine’s
 
remaining
 
assumed operating
 
life.
 
Replacement
 
equipment was
 
scheduled
 
based
on
 
MM&A’s
 
experience
 
and
 
knowledge
 
of
 
mining
 
equipment
 
and
 
industry
 
standards
 
with
respect
 
to
 
the
 
useful
 
life
 
of
 
such
 
equipment.
 
A
 
summary
 
of
 
the
 
estimated
 
capital
 
for
 
the
Property is provided in
Figure 1-2
 
below.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p15i2 ex963p15i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
6
Figure 1-2:
 
CAPEX
1.9
 
Operating Costs
Coronado provided historical and preliminary
 
5-year projections of operating
 
costs for its active
mines
 
for
 
MM&A’s
 
review.
 
MM&A
 
used
 
the
 
historical
 
and/or
 
budget
 
cost
 
information
 
as
 
a
reference
 
and developed
 
personnel schedules
 
for each
 
mine.
 
Hourly labor
 
rates
 
and salaries
were
 
based
 
upon
 
information
 
contained
 
in
 
Coronado’s
 
financial
 
summaries.
 
Fringe
 
benefit
costs
 
were
 
developed for
 
vacation
 
and holidays,
 
federal
 
and state
 
unemployment insurance,
retirement,
 
workers’
 
compensation
 
and
 
pneumoconiosis,
 
casualty
 
and
 
life
 
insurance,
healthcare and bonuses.
For
 
the
 
underground
 
operations,
 
a
 
cost
 
factor
 
for
 
mine
 
supplies
 
was
 
developed
 
that
 
relates
expenditures
 
to
 
mine
 
advance
 
rates
 
for
 
roof
 
control
 
costs
 
and
 
other
 
mine
 
supply
 
costs
 
at
underground mines.
 
Other factors were
 
developed for maintenance
 
and repair costs,
 
rentals,
mine power,
 
outside services and other direct mining costs.
 
Surface mine direct operating costs
 
were developed as a
 
function of overburden ratio
 
for repair
and maintenance supplies, diesel fuel, explosives and blasting, and miscellaneous supplies and
services.
Operating costs for highwall mines are based
 
on costs per ROM tonne estimates.
Operating costs
 
factors were
 
also developed
 
for the
 
coal preparation
 
plant processing,
 
refuse
handling, coal loading, property taxes, and insurance and bonding.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p16i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
7
Appropriate royalty
 
rates were
 
assigned for production
 
from leased coal
 
lands and sales taxes
were
 
calculated
 
for
 
state
 
severance
 
taxes,
 
the
 
federal
 
black
 
lung excise
 
tax,
 
and
 
federal
 
and
state reclamation fees.
A summary of the projected operating costs for the Property
 
is provided in
Figure 1-3
.
Figure 1-3:
 
OPEX
1.10
 
Economic Evaluation
The pre-feasibility
 
financial model
 
prepared for
 
this TRS
 
was developed
 
to test
 
the economic
viability
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
resource
 
area.
 
The
 
results
 
of
 
this
 
financial
 
model
 
are
 
not
 
intended
 
to
represent
 
a bankable
 
feasibility
 
study,
 
required
 
for
 
financing of
 
any
 
current
 
or future
 
mining
operations
 
contemplated
 
for
 
the
 
Coronado
 
properties,
 
but
 
are
 
intended
 
to
 
establish
 
the
economic viability of the estimated coal reserves.
 
Cash flows are simulated on an annual basis
in year-end
 
2023 nominal dollars
 
assuming a 2%
 
inflation rate
 
based on projected
 
production
from
 
the
 
coal
 
reserves.
 
The
 
discounted
 
cash
 
flow
 
analysis
 
presented
 
herein
 
is
 
based
 
on
 
an
effective date of January 1, 2024.
 
On
 
an
 
un-levered
 
basis,
 
the
 
net
 
present
 
value
 
(
NPV
)
 
of
 
the
 
project
 
cash
 
flow
 
after
 
taxes
represents the
 
Enterprise Value
 
of the project.
 
The project
 
cash flow,
 
excluding debt
 
service,
is
 
calculated
 
by
 
subtracting
 
direct
 
and
 
indirect
 
operating
 
expenses
 
and
 
capital
 
expenditures
from revenue.
 
Direct costs include
 
labor, operating supplies, maintenance and
 
repairs, facilities
cost
 
for
 
materials
 
handling,
 
coal
 
preparation,
 
refuse
 
disposal,
 
coal
 
loading,
 
reclamation
 
and
general and administrative costs.
 
Indirect costs include statutory and legally agreed upon fees
related
 
to direct
 
extraction
 
of the
 
mineral.
 
The indirect
 
costs
 
are the
 
Federal
 
black lung
 
tax,
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
8
Federal
 
and
 
State
 
reclamation
 
taxes,
 
property
 
taxes,
 
coal
 
production
 
royalties,
 
and
 
income
taxes.
 
Table 1-4
 
shows LOM
 
tonnage, profit &
 
loss (
P&L
), and
 
earnings before income
 
tax, depreciation
& amortization (
EBITDA
) for Logan.
Table 1-4:
 
Life-of-Mine Tonnage,
 
P&L before Tax,
 
and EBITDA ($000)
LOM
LOM
P&L
LOM
EBITDA
Tonnes
*
Pre-Tax P&L
Per Tonne
EBITDA
Per Tonne
Deep Mines
 
 
 
 
 
Camp Br Chilton
1,607
$61,067
$38.00
$92,000
$57.24
Ramaco N2G
1,519
$38,659
$25.45
$84,549
$55.66
Eagle No. 1 (Toney Fork)
10,962
$177,450
$16.19
$344,402
$31.42
Elk Lick Chilton
3,809
$184,040
$48.32
$250,250
$65.70
Lower Powellton
5,095
$216,991
$42.59
$328,684
$64.51
Lower War Eagle
5,731
$230,836
$40.28
$336,103
$58.65
Powellton No. 1
3,474
$37,743
$10.86
$142,820
$41.11
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
2,713
$43,531
$16.05
$83,882
$30.92
Upper Winifrede
1,438
$89,318
$62.11
$113,233
$78.74
Lower Winifrede
2,091
$83,351
$39.86
$118,042
$56.45
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
**
-
$(1,302)
$-
$(1,302)
$-
Consolidated Deep Mines
38,439
$1,161,684
$30.22
$1,892,665
$49.24
 
Surface Mines
Toney Fork Surf
6,313
$184,154
$29.17
$367,638
$58.23
Buffalo Cr South Area
7,673
$125,604
$16.37
$279,578
$36.44
Sugar Camp Area 1
4,912
$(11,563)
$(2.35)
$149,696
$30.47
Surface Mines Consolidated
18,899
$298,195
$15.78
$796,912
$42.17
 
HWM Operations
Toney Fork HWM
4,919
$468,937
$95.33
$488,239
$99.25
Buffalo Cr South HWM
7,004
$624,409
$89.15
$648,796
$92.63
Sugar Camp HWM
1,328
$117,241
$88.27
$128,692
$96.90
HWM Consolidated
13,251
$1,210,588
$91.36
$1,265,728
$95.52
 
Grand Total
70,589
$2,670,467
$37.83
$3,955,305
$56.03
* The Financial model includes 0.001 million tonnes of inferred
 
coal production.
 
Inferred coal represents 0.000001%
 
of
the total production, and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
** The Winifrede (Chilton Rider) was depleted in the 4th quarter of 2023.
As shown in
Table
 
1-4,
 
the Logan operations show
 
positive EBITDA over the LOM.
 
Overall, the
Coronado consolidated operations show positive LOM P&L and LOM EBITDA of $2.7 billion and
$4.0 billion,
 
respectively.
 
Coronado’s
 
consolidated Logan
 
cash flow summary in
 
nominal dollars assuming a
 
2% inflation
rate, excluding debt
 
service, is shown in
Table 1-5
 
below.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
9
Table 1-5:
 
Project Cash Flow Summary ($000)
*
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
Total
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
Production & Sales tonnes
70,589
2,543
2,696
2,702
2,526
2,399
Total Revenue
$12,974,983
$373,206
$396,734
$393,101
$373,074
$362,422
EBITDA
$3,955,305
$77,551
$87,738
$84,030
$62,398
$58,012
Net Income
$2,228,588
$26,894
$36,861
$31,587
$14,764
$12,933
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$3,424,770
$51,951
$77,858
$77,752
$62,427
$53,137
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(1,170,916)
$(50,053)
$(33,920)
$(40,038)
$(22,171)
$(21,683)
Net Cash Flow
$2,253,854
$1,897
$43,938
$37,714
$40,256
$31,454
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
Production & Sales tonnes
2,850
3,138
3,064
3,243
3,562
3,025
Total Revenue
$458,804
$514,757
$513,368
$553,202
$619,064
$522,816
EBITDA
$139,605
$158,273
$150,615
$185,698
$215,324
$154,820
Net Income
$79,578
$89,148
$85,572
$111,984
$132,364
$84,624
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$106,155
$135,115
$135,231
$153,748
$177,944
$149,613
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(76,046)
$(58,438)
$(33,904)
$(37,120)
$(64,965)
$(78,661)
Net Cash Flow
$30,109
$76,677
$101,328
$116,628
$112,979
$70,953
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
Production & Sales tonnes
2,996
3,323
3,481
3,308
2,953
2,659
Total Revenue
$527,811
$597,215
$638,225
$618,446
$562,910
$517,016
EBITDA
$133,825
$186,994
$205,149
$190,958
$163,745
$150,046
Net Income
$67,184
$112,148
$121,122
$101,624
$83,396
$79,543
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$124,743
$156,490
$174,943
$171,838
$153,628
$138,325
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(74,607)
$(44,478)
$(63,118)
$(74,744)
$(52,178)
$(35,077)
Net Cash Flow
$50,136
$112,012
$111,825
$97,094
$101,449
$103,248
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
Production & Sales tonnes
2,061
1,821
2,124
1,504
1,147
1,149
Total Revenue
$403,182
$362,533
$432,405
$310,415
$239,824
$245,029
EBITDA
$132,897
$113,992
$163,646
$115,279
$82,962
$84,911
Net Income
$80,858
$69,151
$103,893
$67,062
$56,130
$56,391
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$121,947
$105,404
$131,578
$111,482
$78,873
$73,990
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(18,189)
$(33,880)
$(32,406)
$(16,899)
$(22,623)
$(17,389)
Net Cash Flow
$103,758
$71,523
$99,172
$94,583
$56,250
$56,601
 
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
10
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
Production & Sales tonnes
1,152
1,151
1,147
1,145
1,150
1,151
Total Revenue
$250,477
$255,353
$259,457
$264,205
$270,675
$276,402
EBITDA
$86,985
$88,741
$90,123
$91,953
$94,720
$96,464
Net Income
$57,379
$57,306
$56,385
$55,409
$56,916
$58,687
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$75,029
$76,216
$77,221
$78,584
$80,464
$81,827
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(13,999)
$(16,432)
$(20,924)
$(24,880)
$(17,227)
$(16,997)
Net Cash Flow
$61,029
$59,784
$56,296
$53,704
$63,237
$64,830
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
Production & Sales tonnes
1,149
1,016
809
437
11
-
Total Revenue
$281,461
$254,502
$207,028
$116,946
$2,919
$-
EBITDA
$98,676
$83,364
$68,788
$54,740
$2,282
$-
Net Income
$59,804
$46,844
$35,921
$45,217
$(3,918)
$(1,177)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$83,397
$75,074
$63,550
$31,102
$(5,848)
$(7,880)
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(19,175)
$(21,624)
$(8,199)
$(5,725)
$(3,148)
$-
Net Cash Flow
$64,222
$53,450
$55,351
$25,378
$(8,996)
$(7,880)
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
Production & Sales tonnes
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total Revenue
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
EBITDA
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Net Income
$(607)
$(317)
$(70)
$(0)
$(0)
$(0)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$(4,019)
$(3,221)
$(895)
$-
$-
$-
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Net Cash Flow
$(4,019)
$(3,221)
$(895)
$-
$-
$-
* The
 
Financial model includes
 
0.001 million tonnes of
 
inferred coal
 
production.
 
Inferred coal
 
represents 0.000001%
 
of the total
 
production, and
none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
Consolidated cash flows are driven by annual sales tonnage, which at steady-state
 
level ranges
from
 
a
 
peak
 
of
 
3.6 million
 
tonnes
 
in
 
2033
 
to
 
a
 
low
 
of
 
0.4 million
 
tonnes
 
in
 
2056.
 
Projected
consolidated revenue
 
ranges from $116.9 million to
 
$638.2 million at a steady state.
 
Revenue
totals $13.0 billion for the project’s
 
life.
Consolidated cash flow from operations is positive throughout the projected operating
 
period,
with
 
the
 
exception
 
of
 
post-production
 
years,
 
due
 
to
 
end-of-mine
 
reclamation
 
spending.
 
Consolidated cash flow
 
from operations
 
peaks at $177.9 million
 
in 2033 and totals
 
$3.4 billion
over the
 
project’s life.
 
Capital expenditures
 
total $167.9 million
 
from 2024
 
through 2028
 
and
$1.2 billion over the project’s life.
 
1.10.1
 
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
Cash
 
flow
 
after
 
tax,
 
but
 
before
 
debt
 
service,
 
generated
 
over
 
the
 
life
 
of
 
the
 
project
 
was
discounted
 
to
 
NPV
 
at
 
a
 
10.0%
 
discount
 
rate,
 
which
 
represents
 
Coronado’s
 
estimate
 
of
 
the
nominal
 
dollar,
 
risk
 
adjusted
 
weighted
 
average
 
cost
 
of
 
capital
 
(
WACC
)
 
for
 
likely
 
market
participants if
 
the subject
 
reserves were
 
offered
 
for sale.
 
On an
 
un-levered basis,
 
the NPV
 
of
the
 
project
 
cash
 
flows
 
represents
 
the
 
Enterprise
 
Value
 
of
 
the
 
project
 
and
 
amounts
 
to
$616.8 million.
 
The pre-feasibility financial
 
model prepared for
 
the TRS was developed
 
to test
the economic viability of each
 
coal resource area.
 
The NPV estimate was made for the purpose
of confirming the
 
economics for
 
classification of coal
 
reserves and not
 
for purposes of
 
valuing
Coronado
 
or
 
its
 
Logan
 
assets.
 
Mine
 
plans
 
were
 
not
 
optimized,
 
and
 
actual
 
results
 
of
 
the
operations may be different,
 
but in all cases, the mine production plan assumes the properties
are under competent management.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
ex963p20i2 ex963p20i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
11
1.10.2
 
Sensitivity Analysis
Sensitivity of the NPV results to changes in the key drivers is presented in the chart
 
below.
 
The
sensitivity
 
study
 
shows
 
the
 
NPV
 
at
 
the
 
10.0%
 
discount
 
rate
 
when
 
Base
 
Case
 
sales
 
prices,
operating costs, and capital costs are increased and decreased in increments of 5% within a +/-
15% range.
Figure 1-4:
 
Sensitivity of NPV
As
 
shown,
 
NPV
 
is quite
 
sensitive
 
to
 
changes
 
in sales
 
price and
 
operating
 
cost
 
estimates,
 
and
slightly sensitive to changes in capital cost estimates.
1.11
 
Permitting
Coronado
 
has
 
obtained
 
all
 
mining
 
and
 
discharge
 
permits
 
to
 
operate
 
its
 
active
 
mines
 
and
processing, loadout or
 
related support facilities.
 
MM&A is unaware
 
of any obvious
 
or current
Coronado permitting issues that
 
are expected to prevent the
 
issuance of
 
future permits.
 
Logan,
along with
 
all coal
 
producers, is
 
subject to
 
a level
 
of uncertainty
 
regarding
 
future clean
 
water
permits due to
United States
 
Environmental
 
Protection Agency
(
EPA
)
 
and
United States
 
Fish
and Wildlife (
USFW
)
 
involvement with state progr
 
ams.
1.12
 
Conclusion and Recommendations
Sufficient
 
data
 
has
 
been
 
obtained
 
through
 
various
 
exploration
 
and
 
sampling
 
programs
 
and
mining operations to support the
 
geological interpretations of seam structure and
 
thickness for
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
12
coal horizons
 
situated on
 
the Logan
 
Property.
 
The data
 
is of sufficient
 
quantity and
 
reliability
to reasonably support the coal resource and coal reserve estimates
 
in this TRS.
The geological data
 
and preliminary
 
feasibility study, which consider mining
 
plans, revenue, and
operating and capital cost estimates
 
are sufficient to support the classification of coal reserves
provided herein.
This
 
geologic
 
evaluation
 
conducted
 
in
 
conjunction
 
with
 
the
 
preliminary
 
feasibility
 
study
concludes
 
that
 
the
 
70.6
 
Mt
 
of
 
marketable
 
coal
 
reserves
 
identified
 
on
 
the
 
Property
 
are
economically mineable
 
under reasonable
 
expectations
 
of market
 
prices for
 
metallurgical
 
coal
products, estimated operation costs,
 
and capital expenditures.
2
Introduction
2.1
 
Registrant and Terms
 
of Reference
This report
 
was prepared
 
for the
 
sole use of
Coronado Global
 
Resources Inc.
 
(
Coronado
)
and
its affiliated and subsidiary
 
companies and advisors.
 
This TRS updates
 
the TRS titled,
 
"
Coronado
Global Resources Inc. Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the Logan County Complex
in
 
Accordance
 
with
 
the
 
JORC
 
Code
 
and
 
United
 
States
 
SEC
 
Regulation
 
S-K
 
1300
 
as
 
of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal
 
Basin West
 
Virginia, USA
 
February 2023
," dated
February 15, 2023, due
 
to material
 
differences
 
in the key
 
financial modifying factors
 
including
coal
 
sales
 
price
 
assumptions,
 
operating
 
costs
 
and
 
capital
 
costs
 
from
 
December 31,
 
2022
 
to
December 31, 2023.
 
Coal sales
 
price assumptions
 
are discussed
 
in
 
Sections 12
 
and 16
 
of the
TRS, while operating costs and capital costs are discussed in
Sections 18 and 19
 
of the TRS.
 
The
report provides a statement of coal
 
resources and coal reserves
 
for Coronado, as defined under
the
Australasian
 
Code
 
for
 
Reporting
 
of
 
Exploration
 
Results,
 
Mineral
 
Resources
 
and
 
Ore
Reserves
(
JORC Code
) as
 
well as
 
under Subpart
 
1300 of
 
Regulation
 
S-K (Regulation
 
S-K 1300)
promulgated by the
United States Securities and Exchange Commission (
SEC
)
.
 
This report was
also
 
prepared
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
the
Australasian
 
Code
 
for
 
Public
 
Reporting
 
of
 
Technical
Assessments and Valuations of Mineral Assets
(
VALMIN Code
).
The
 
report
 
provides
 
a
 
statement
 
of coal
 
resources
 
and
 
coal
 
reserves
 
for
 
Coronado
 
at
 
Logan.
 
Exploration results and Resource calculations were used as the basis for the mine planning and
the preliminary feasibility study completed to
 
determine the extent and viability
 
of the reserve.
Coal resources
 
and coal reserves
 
are herein
 
reported in
 
metric units of
 
measurement and
 
are
rounded to millions of metric tonnes (
Mt
).
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
13
2.2
 
Information Sources
This TRS
 
is based
 
on information
 
provided
 
by Coronado
 
and reviewed
 
by MM&A.
 
Sources
 
of
data and information are listed below in
Table 2-1
:
Table 2-1:
 
Information Provided to MM&A by Coronado
Category
Information Provided by Coronado
Report Section
Geological
Geologic data including digital databases
 
and original source data including
geologist logs, driller’s logs, geophysical
 
logs
9.1
Coal Quality
Database of coal quality information
 
supplemented with original source
laboratory sheets where available
10.1
Mining
Historical productivities and manpower
 
from operating and future
 
Coronado
mines
13.2, 13.4
Coal
Preparation
Flow sheet and other information representing
 
current and future methods
of coal processing
 
14.1
Waste
Disposal
Engineering data and estimates representing
 
remaining capacities for coarse
and fine coal waste disposal
17.2
Costs
Historical and budgetary operating
 
cost information used to derive
 
cost
drivers for reserve financial modeling
18.2
Economic
WACC and inflation rate
 
used in discounted cash flow analysis
19.1, 19.2, 19.3
Note: While the sources
 
of data listed
 
in Table
 
2-1 are not
 
exhaustive, they represent
 
a significant portion
 
of information which
 
supports this TRS.
 
MM&A
 
reviewed
 
the
 
provided
 
data
 
and
 
found
 
it
 
to
 
be
 
reasonable
 
prior
 
to
 
incorporating
 
it
 
into
 
the
 
TRS.
 
The
 
TRS
 
contains
 
“forward-looking
information” including
 
forecasts
 
of productivity
 
and annual
 
coal production,
 
operating and
 
capital cost
 
estimates, coal
 
sales price
 
forecasts,
 
the
assumption that
 
Coronado
 
will
 
continue
 
to
 
acquire
 
necessary permits,
 
and
 
other assumptions.
 
The
 
TRS
 
statements
 
and
 
conclusions
 
are
 
not
 
a
guarantee of future performance and undue reliance should not be placed on them.
 
The ability of Coronado to recover the estimated coal reserves
is dependent on multiple factors beyond the
 
control of MM&A including, but not
 
limited to geologic factors, mining conditions, regulatory approvals,
and changes in regulations.
 
In all cases, the plans assume the Property is under competent management.
Coronado engaged MM&A to
 
conduct a coal resource and reserve
 
evaluation of the Coronado
coal properties
 
as of September 30,
 
2023. In the process,
 
additions (mine data)
 
and depletion
(mine) have been used
 
to bring the Resource
 
and Reserve estimates
 
forward to December
 
31,
2023, the effective
 
date of this
 
TRS for
 
Logan.
 
For the evaluation,
 
the following
 
tasks were
 
to
be completed:
 
>
Conduct site visits of the mines and mine infrastructure facilities;
 
>
Process
 
the
 
information
 
supporting
 
the
 
estimation
 
of
 
coal
 
resources
 
and
 
reserves
 
into
geological models;
 
>
Develop life-of-reserve mine
 
(
LOM
) plans and financial models;
>
Hold discussions with Coronado company management; and
 
>
Prepare and
 
issue a TRS providing
 
a statement
 
of coal resources
 
and reserves which
 
would
include:
-
A description of the mines and facilities.
 
-
A description of the evaluation process.
-
An estimation of
 
coal resources
 
and reserves with compliance
 
elements as stated
 
under
the JORC Code and the SEC Regulation S-K 1300.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
ex963p23i2 ex963p23i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
14
2.3
 
Personal Inspections
MM&A is very
 
familiar with Logan, having provided a
 
variety of services
 
in recent years and one
of the QP’s involved in this TRS has conducted
 
multiple site visits.
3
Property Description
3.1
 
Location
The Logan County
 
Complex is located
 
in Logan, Boone,
 
and Wyoming Counties
 
in southern
 
West
Virginia.
 
The Property
 
encompasses the
 
towns of
 
Lorado and
 
Pardee
 
in the
 
northern portion
and
 
Lacoma
 
and
 
Cyclone
 
in
 
the
 
southern
 
portion
 
(approximately
 
6
 
kilometers
 
between
 
the
northern
 
and
 
southern towns).
 
The
 
nearest
 
major population
 
centers
 
are
 
Huntington,
 
West
Virginia
 
(145
 
kilometers
 
northwest)
 
and
 
Charleston,
 
West
 
Virginia
 
(129
 
kilometers
 
north-
northeast).
Figure 3-1:
 
Logan Property Location
The Logan
 
property is
 
composed of
 
13,183 total
 
leased and
 
owned hectares
 
and is
 
located in
Logan, Boone, and Wyoming
 
Counties.
 
The Property is located on
 
the following
United States
Geological
 
Survey
(
USGS
) Quadrangles:
 
Lorado,
 
Mallory,
 
Amherstdale,
 
and
 
Oceana.
 
Current
mining
 
projections
 
fall
 
within
 
portions
 
of
 
all
 
four
 
quadrangles.
 
The
 
coordinate
 
system
 
and
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
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NC
.
15
datum
 
used
 
for
 
the
 
model
 
of
 
the
 
Logan
 
County
 
Complex
 
and
 
the
 
subsequent
 
maps
 
were
produced in the West Virginia State
 
Plane South system, NAD 27.
3.2
 
Titles, Claims or Leases
The
 
Property
 
is composed
 
of
 
13,183 total
 
hectares,
 
13,114
 
of which
 
are leased
 
from
 
private
landholders under approximately 15
 
individual leases,
 
and 69
 
hectares are owned
 
by Coronado.
The latest Coronado lease of
 
45 hectares was obtained in
 
2022.
 
Subject to Coronado exercising
its
 
renewal
 
rights
 
thereunder,
 
a
 
majority
 
of
 
the
 
leases,
 
covering
 
a
 
majority
 
of
 
the
 
Logan
reserves,
 
expire
 
upon exhaustion
 
of the
 
relevant
 
coal reserves,
 
which is
 
expected
 
to occur
 
in
2057.
 
One lease expires in
 
2032; however, Coronado is projected to have previously exhausted
the reserves
 
covered thereby.
 
MM&A has
 
not carried
 
out a
 
separate title
 
verification for
 
the
coal
 
properties
 
and
 
has
 
not
 
verified
 
leases,
 
deeds,
 
surveys,
 
or
 
other
 
property
 
control
instruments pertinent
 
to the
 
subject resources.
 
Property tenure
 
was separately
 
reviewed
 
by
Coronado’s
 
legal
 
advisors.
 
Coronado
 
has
 
represented
 
to
 
MM&A
 
that
 
it
 
controls
 
the
 
mining
rights to the reserves
 
as shown on its property maps,
 
and MM&A has accepted these
 
as being
a true and
 
accurate depiction
 
of the mineral
 
rights controlled
 
by Coronado.
 
The TRS assumes
the properties are developed under responsible and experienced management.
3.3
 
Mineral Rights
Coronado
 
supplied property
 
control
 
maps
 
to
 
MM&A related
 
to properties
 
for
 
which mineral
and/or
 
surface
 
property
 
are
 
controlled
 
by
 
Coronado.
 
While
 
MM&A
 
accepted
 
these
representations
 
as
 
being
 
true
 
and
 
accurate,
 
MM&A
 
has
 
no
 
knowledge
 
of
 
past
 
property
boundary
 
disputes
 
or
 
other
 
concerns,
 
through
 
past
 
knowledge
 
of
 
the
 
Property,
 
that
 
would
signal concern over future mining operations or development potential.
Property control in Appalachia can be intricate.
 
Coal mining properties are typically composed
of numerous property tracts
 
which are owned
 
and/or leased from
 
both land
 
holding companies
and
 
private
 
individuals
 
or
 
companies.
 
It
 
is
 
common
 
to
 
encounter
 
severed
 
ownership,
 
with
different
 
entities or
 
individuals controlling
 
the surface
 
and mineral
 
rights.
 
Mineral
 
control
 
in
the region is typically characterized by leases or ownership of larger tracts of land,
 
with surface
control generally comprised of smaller tracts, particularly
 
in developed areas.
Legal
 
mining
 
rights
 
may
 
reflect
 
a
 
combination
 
of
 
in
 
fee
 
or
 
mineral
 
ownership
 
and
 
in
 
fee
 
or
mineral
 
leases of
 
coal lands
 
through
 
various surface
 
and mineral
 
lease agreements.
 
There is
also a relatively small amount of area where the coal is partially-owned
 
and/or partially leased
on a limited number of individual tracts.
 
Control of
 
the surface property
 
is necessary to
 
conduct surface mining
 
but is not necessary
 
to
conduct underground mining.
Upon
 
acquisition
 
of
 
mineral
 
control
 
for
 
desired
 
coal
 
seams
 
of
 
surface-mineable
 
economic
interest,
 
it
 
is
 
typical
 
practice
 
in
 
the
 
region
 
for
 
operators
 
to
 
delay
 
the
 
acquisition
 
of
 
surface
control
 
for
 
purposes
 
of
 
surface
 
mining
 
and
 
other
 
surface
 
development
 
until
 
plans
 
are
established for
 
near-future
 
development.
 
Therefore,
 
it is
 
common for
 
an operator
 
to control
mineral
 
for
 
proposed
 
areas
 
of
 
mining
 
for
 
which
 
they
 
have
 
not
 
established
 
the
 
legal
 
right
 
to
surface mine due to
 
the lack of surface
 
control.
 
Acquisition of these rights
 
is typically delayed
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
16
in order
 
to limit
 
cost and
 
royalty
 
payments
 
for
 
areas not
 
under consideration
 
for near-future
development.
 
Coronado’s
 
executive
 
management
 
team
 
has
 
a
 
history
 
of
 
surface
 
mining
 
in
Central Appalachia and has conveyed to MM&A that it has been successful in acquiring surface
rights where needed for past operations.
3.4
 
Encumbrances
No Title Encumbrances are known.
 
By assignment, MM&A did not complete a query
 
related to
Title Encumbrances.
 
3.5
 
Other Risks
There
 
is
 
always
 
risk
 
involved
 
in
 
property
 
control.
 
As
 
is
 
common
 
practice,
 
Coronado,
 
and
 
its
predecessors,
 
have
 
had
 
their
 
legal
 
teams
 
examine
 
the
 
deeds
 
and
 
title
 
control
 
in
 
order
 
to
minimize the risk.
 
Historically, property control has not
 
posed any significant
 
challenges related
to Logan’s
 
operations.
 
4
Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources,
Infrastructure and Physiography
4.1
 
Topography,
 
Elevation, and Vegetation
Topography
 
of
 
the
 
area
 
surrounding
 
the
 
Logan
 
County
 
Complex
 
is
 
typical
 
of
 
the
 
Central
Appalachian Plateau, being
 
rugged and
 
deeply dissected
 
by v-shaped river
 
valleys, and generally
flanked
 
by steeply
 
sided upland
 
regions, with
 
occasional gentle
 
slopes in
 
select areas
 
such as
river valleys.
 
The drainage system in the region tends to be mostly dendritic in
 
nature.
 
Surface
elevations
 
near
 
the
 
mine
 
complex
 
range
 
from
 
approximately
 
823
 
meters
 
above
 
sea
 
level
 
in
upland regions
 
to roughly
 
338 meters
 
at stream
 
level.
 
The Property
 
is moderately
 
to heavily
vegetated, with oak-hickory forests
 
as the dominant forest type and northern hardwood forest
being
 
less
 
prominent.
 
The
 
Property
 
is
 
not
 
situated
 
near
 
any
 
major
 
urban
 
centers,
 
and
 
the
surrounding area is rural.
4.2
 
Access and Transport
Access
 
to
 
the
 
Logan
 
Mine
 
property
 
consists
 
of
 
primary,
 
secondary,
 
and
 
unimproved
 
roads,
forming a well-developed
 
transportation network.
 
Highway 119 is
 
the primary highway in
 
the
area
 
running
 
southwest
 
to
 
northeast
 
from
 
the
 
Kentucky-West
 
Virginia
 
line
 
through
 
Mingo,
Logan, and
 
Boone Counties.
 
Secondary roads
 
Route 16
 
and Route
 
10 provide
 
the most direct
access
 
through
 
the
 
Property
 
running
 
east-west
 
across
 
the
 
leased
 
area.
 
Numerous
 
other
secondary and unimproved roads
 
provide direct access
 
to the mine
 
property, some being state-
and
 
county-maintained.
 
These
 
roads
 
typically
 
stay
 
open
 
throughout
 
the
 
year.
 
Additionally,
private access roads to existing mines
 
provide transport corridors, and more such
 
roads may be
developed
 
as needed.
 
The
 
Coronado-owned
 
Saunders
 
Preparation
 
Plant services
 
the mines.
 
The ROM coal is delivered from the
 
Lower War Eagle Mine via overland conveyor, all remaining
production is or will be delivered to the plant site by truck.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
17
4.3
 
Proximity to Population Centers
The Logan property lies near the town
 
of Lorado in Logan County, West Virginia, approximately
145 kilometers southeast of Huntington,
 
West Virginia and 129 kilometers
 
south-southwest of
Charleston, West Virginia.
 
As of 2021, Logan County had a
 
population of approximately 31,900
residents, Boone County had 21,300 residents, and Wyoming
 
County had 21,000 residents.
 
4.4
 
Climate and Length of Operating Season
The
 
region’s
 
climate
 
is
 
classified
 
as
 
humid,
 
sub-tropical
 
with
 
four
 
distinct
 
seasons:
 
warm
summers, cold winters, and
 
moderate fall and spring
 
seasons.
 
Precipitation in the
 
region occurs
throughout
 
the
 
year
 
with
 
the
 
most
 
rain
 
falling
 
in
 
spring
 
and
 
the
 
early
 
months
 
of
 
summer.
 
Average
 
yearly rainfall
 
is 67.69
 
centimeters.
 
Summer months
 
typically begin
 
in late
 
May and
end in
 
early September and
 
range
 
in average
 
temperature
 
from 53
 
to 84
 
degrees Fahrenheit
(or 11.6 to 28.9 degrees Celsius).
 
Winters typically begin in mid to late November and run until
mid to
 
late March with
 
average
 
temperatures
 
ranging from
 
26 to
 
57 degrees
 
Fahrenheit
 
(or -
3.3 to 13.9 degrees Celsius).
 
Precipitation in the winter typically comes in the form of snowfall
or
 
as
 
a
 
wintery
 
mix
 
(sleet
 
and
 
snow)
 
with
 
severe
 
snowfall
 
events
 
occurring
 
occasionally.
 
Seasonal
 
variations
 
in
 
climate
 
typically
 
do
 
not
 
affect
 
underground
 
mining
 
in
 
West
 
Virginia.
 
However,
 
weather
 
events
 
could
 
potentially
 
incumber
 
surface
 
mining
 
and
 
preparation
 
plant
operations on a very limited basis, typically lasting less than a few days.
4.5
 
Infrastructure
The Logan Mine
 
Complex has sources
 
of water, power,
 
personnel, and supplies
 
readily available
for use.
 
Personnel have historically been sourced from the surrounding communities in Logan,
Boone, Wyoming, and Mingo counties, and have proven to be adequate in numbers to operate
past
 
and
 
current
 
mines.
 
As
 
mining
 
is
 
common
 
in
 
the
 
surrounding
 
areas,
 
the
 
workforce
 
is
generally familiar with mining practices and is comprised of
 
a strong talent pool of experienced
miners.
 
Water
 
is
 
sourced
 
locally
 
from
 
Buffalo
 
Creek
 
Public
 
Service
 
District
 
and
 
electricity
 
is
sourced from
American Electric Power (
AEP
)
.
 
The service industry
 
in the areas
 
surrounding the
mine complex
 
has historically
 
provided
 
supplies, equipment
 
repairs
 
and fabrication,
 
etc.
 
The
Coronado-owned Saunders Preparation
 
plant services the mines and operates
 
at a rate
 
of 952
tph.
 
The
 
Coronado-owned
 
Elk Lick
 
Loadout
 
serves as
 
the primary
 
means of
 
shipment
 
and
 
is
connected to a CSX rail line,
 
which either serves the
 
domestic market directly, or transports the
coal to the Pier 9 and Dominion terminals at Norfolk, Virginia for overseas
 
shipment.
5
History
5.1
 
Previous Operation
The Logan
 
County properties
 
were
 
started
 
in 1945
 
by
Lorado Mining
 
Company
, were
 
sold to
Buffalo
 
Mining
 
Company
 
in
 
1964
 
and
 
then
 
to
Pittston
 
Coal
 
Company
 
(
Pittston
)
 
in
 
1971.
 
Pittston
 
operated
 
the
 
properties
 
until
 
the
 
early
 
1990’s.
 
After
 
being
 
idle
 
for
 
a
 
period,
 
the
properties were then
 
sold to
Addington Resources
 
in 2004.
 
Imagin Natural Resources
 
acquired
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
18
the
 
properties
 
in
 
2007,
 
and
 
subsequently
 
sold
 
them
 
to
 
Cliffs
 
in
 
2011,
 
which
 
in
 
turn
 
sold
 
the
properties to Coronado in 2014.
Coronado
 
produced
 
approximately
 
1.8 Mt
 
in 2016,
 
2.6 Mt
 
in 2017,
 
2.6 Mt
 
in 2018,
 
2.7 Mt
 
in
2019, 1.6 Mt in 2020, 1.9 Mt in 2021, 2.1 Mt in 2022, and 2.5 Mt in 2023.
5.2
 
Previous Exploration
The
 
Properties
 
have
 
been
 
extensively
 
explored
 
by
 
subsurface
 
drilling
 
efforts
 
carried
 
out
 
by
numerous entities, most of which were completed prior to acquisition by Coronado.
Drill records indicate that independent
 
contract drilling operators
 
have typically been engaged
to carry out drilling on the Properties.
 
Geophysical logging was typically performed by outside
logging firms.
 
MM&A, via its Geophysical Logging Systems
 
subsidiary,
 
has in the past logged a
significant number
 
of exploration
 
holes and
 
gas wells,
 
and currently
 
logs most
 
of the recently
drilled holes.
6
Geological Setting, Mineralization and Deposit
6.1
 
Regional, Local and Property Geology
The
 
Property
 
lies
 
in
 
the
 
Central
 
Appalachian
 
Coal
 
basin
 
in
 
the
 
Appalachian
 
Plateau
physiographic province.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p28i2 ex963p28i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
19
Figure 6-1:
 
Coal Basins & Logan Property Location
Coal deposits in the eastern USA are the oldest and most
 
extensively developed in the country.
 
The
 
coal
 
deposits
 
on
 
the
 
Properties
 
are
 
Carboniferous
 
in
 
age,
 
being
 
of
 
the
 
Pennsylvanian
system.
 
Overall,
 
these
 
Carboniferous
 
coals
 
contain
 
two-fifths
 
of
 
the
 
USA’s
 
bituminous
 
coal
deposits
 
and
 
extend
 
over
 
1,448
 
kilometers
 
from
 
northern
 
Alabama
 
to
 
Pennsylvania
 
and
 
are
part
 
of
 
what
 
is
 
known
 
as
 
the
Appalachian
 
Basin
.
 
The
 
Appalachian
 
Basin
 
is
 
more
 
than
 
402
kilometers
 
wide
 
and,
 
in
 
some
 
portions,
 
contains
 
over
 
60
 
coal
 
seams
 
of
 
varying
 
economic
significance.
Within the Central Appalachian Basin, seams of economic significance typically range
 
between
0.3 meters
 
and 1.8
 
meters in
 
thickness, with
 
relatively
 
little structural
 
deformation.
 
Regional
structure
 
is typically
 
characterized
 
by gently
 
dipping strata
 
to the
 
northwest
 
at less
 
than one
percent.
The
 
coal-bearing
 
formations
 
of
 
interest
 
at
 
Logan
 
is
 
of
 
the
 
lower
 
section
 
of
 
the
 
Kanawha
Formation, which comprise a major portion of
 
the exposed ridges.
 
The coal-bearing Formation
includes
 
sedimentary sequences
 
of sandstones,
 
siltstones, shales,
 
and mudstones
 
with minor
occurrences of siderite, limestone and flint clay.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
20
Coronado
mines several coal seams
 
within the Kanawha formation.
 
The seams are as follows:
Buffalo
 
Creek,
 
Upper
 
Clarion
 
Rider,
 
Clarion,
 
Lower
 
Clarion,
 
Upper
 
Stockton,
 
Lower
 
Stockton,
Lower Coalburg, Lower
 
Dorothy,
 
Upper Winifrede, Lower Winifrede,
 
Chilton-A, Chilton, Upper
Cedar
 
Grove,
 
Middle
 
Cedar
 
Grove,
 
Lower
 
Cedar
 
Grove,
 
No.
 
2
 
Gas,
 
Upper
 
Powellton,
 
Lower
Powellton, Eagle, and Lower War
 
Eagle seams demonstrate mining potential on this property.
Logan in
 
2023 had two
 
active surface
 
mines and four
 
active underground
 
mines.
 
The Elk Lick
(Buffalo
 
Creek South)
 
and Toney
 
Fork mines
 
are surface
 
mines, while
 
the Eagle
 
No. 1,
 
Muddy
Bridge and Lower War Eagle are underground mines.
 
The North Fork Winifrede Mine was fully
depleted
 
in
 
2023.
 
The
 
Powellton
 
No.
 
1
 
Mine
 
was
 
in
 
process
 
of
 
being
 
rehabilitated
 
and
 
had
minimal production
 
during the fourth
 
quarter 2023, with
 
plans to initiate
 
full production
 
with
one
 
mining
 
section
 
in
 
the
 
first
 
quarter
 
of
 
2024.
 
The
 
active
 
Toney
 
Fork
 
surface
 
mine
 
has
historically
 
mined
 
multiple
 
seams
 
including
 
the
 
Upper
 
Winifrede,
 
Lower
 
Winifrede,
 
Upper
Clarion Rider,
 
Upper Clarion, Lower Clarion, Lower Coalburg, Upper
 
Coalburg, Upper Stockton,
Lower Stockton, Chilton-A, and Lower Dorothy Seams.
 
Future surface mine reserve production
at Logan
 
is anticipated
 
to focus
 
on those
 
seams having
 
the best
 
opportunity for
 
sale into
 
the
metallurgical coal
 
markets, namely the Lower
 
Coalburg seam and below.
 
The Powellton
 
No. 1
Mine is projected to extract
 
the Lower and Upper Powellton
 
jointly in some areas, while other
areas are projected to extract only the Lower Powellton
 
due to seam splitting.
 
The Eagle No. 1
and Muddy
 
Bridge Mines
 
are projected
 
to extract
 
the No.
 
2 Gas
 
seam.
 
The Lower
 
War
 
Eagle
mine is projected to extract the Lower War
 
Eagle seam.
 
6.2
 
Mineralization
The
 
generalized
 
stratigraphic
 
columnar
 
section
 
in
Figure
 
6-1
 
demonstrates
 
the
 
vertical
relationship of the principal coal seams and rock formations on the Property.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
ex963p30i2 ex963p30i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
21
Figure 6-2:
 
Logan Stratigraphic Column
(not to scale)
6.3
 
Deposits
The
 
coal
 
produced
 
at
 
Logan
 
Mine
 
complex
 
is
 
typically
 
high-volatile
 
(typically
 
28
 
percent
 
or
greater
 
volatile matter
 
content) bituminous
 
coal.
 
Seam quality
 
varies with
 
distance from
 
the
cropline,
 
so
 
some
 
seams
 
will
 
be
 
shipped
 
into
 
both
 
the
 
thermal
 
and
 
metallurgical
 
markets
depending
 
on
 
mining
 
method
 
and
 
ultimate
 
quality.
 
Saleable
 
product
 
from
 
the
 
surface
operations is projected
 
to be sold primarily into the
 
metallurgical coal market;
 
however,
 
some
production
 
is
 
planned
 
to
 
be
 
sold
 
into
 
the
 
thermal
 
coal
 
market
 
due
 
to
 
quality
 
limitations.
 
Underground coal is sold almost exclusively
 
in the metallurgical markets.
7
Exploration
7.1
 
Nature and Extent of Exploration
The
 
Properties
 
have
 
been
 
extensively
 
explored
 
by
 
subsurface
 
drilling
 
efforts
 
carried
 
out
 
by
numerous entities, most of which were completed prior to acquisition by Coronado.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
22
Diamond core,
 
rotary,
 
and gas
 
well drilling
 
are the
 
three primary
 
types of
 
exploration
 
on the
Property.
 
Drill hole collar elevations and
 
total depths vary by hole
 
due to the hilly
 
terrain of the
Property.
 
Data
 
for
 
correlation
 
and
 
mining
 
conditions
 
are
 
derived
 
from
 
core
 
descriptions
 
and
geophysical
 
logging
 
(e-logging).
 
Coal
 
quality
 
analyses
 
were
 
also
 
employed
 
during
 
the
 
core
exploration
 
process.
 
A total
 
of 1,133
 
core and
 
rotary
 
holes have
 
been drilled
 
for
 
exploration
purposes on and around the leased property.
In 2023, Coronado completed one exploration
 
hole, along the Toney
 
Fork drainage and for the
Lower War Eagle Mine reserve area,
 
which has been incorporated herein.
 
Drill records indicate that independent
 
contract drilling operators
 
have typically been engaged
to carry
 
out drilling
 
on the
 
Property.
 
Geophysical
 
logging was
 
typically performed
 
by outside
logging firms.
 
MM&A, via its Geophysical
 
Logging Systems subsidiary,
 
has logged a
 
significant
number
 
of
 
the
 
past
 
exploration
 
holes
 
and
 
gas
 
wells,
 
and
 
currently
 
logs
 
most
 
of
 
the
 
recently
drilled holes.
The location of the drilling is shown on the maps included in
Appendix B
.
The concentration of exploration
 
varies slightly across the Property.
 
Drilling on the Property is
typically
 
sufficient
 
for
 
delineation
 
of
 
potential
 
surface,
 
highwall
 
miner,
 
and
 
deep
 
mineable
benches.
 
Core logging
 
is performed
 
by professional
 
geologists
 
in cases
 
where
 
roof and
 
floor
strata
 
are of
 
particular interest
 
and in
 
cases where
 
greater
 
resolution and
 
geologic detail
 
are
needed.
 
Even
 
so,
 
most of
 
the drill
 
hole data
 
comes from
 
more simplified
 
driller’s logs,
 
which
often
 
lack
 
specific
 
details
 
regarding
 
geotechnical
 
conditions
 
and
 
specific
 
geology,
 
making
correlations and floor and roof conditions more difficult to determine.
 
Geophysical logging (e-
logging)
 
techniques,
 
by contrast,
 
document
 
specific details
 
useful
 
for
 
geologic
 
interpretation
and mining conditions.
 
Given the variability
 
of data-gathering
 
methods,
definitive
 
mapping of
future mining
 
conditions may
 
not be
 
possible, but
 
projections and
 
assumptions can
 
be made
within a
reasonable
 
degree of certainty.
 
A significant effort was put into verifying the integrity
of
 
the
 
database
 
records.
 
Once
 
the
 
data
 
was
 
verified,
 
stratigraphic
 
columnar
 
sections
 
were
generated using cross-sectional analysis to establish
 
or confirm coal seam correlations.
A typical cross-section is shown in
Figure 7-1
.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p32i2 ex963p32i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
23
Figure 7-1:
 
Logan Cross-Section
Due
 
to
 
the
 
long
 
history
 
of
 
exploration
 
by
 
various
 
parties
 
on
 
the
 
Property,
 
a
 
wide
 
variety
 
of
survey
 
techniques
 
exist
 
for
 
documentation
 
of
 
data
 
point
 
locations.
 
Many
 
of
 
the
 
older
exploration drill holes
 
appear to
 
have been located by
 
survey and
 
more recently-completed drill
holes
 
are
 
often
 
located
 
by
 
high-resolution
 
Global
 
Positioning
 
System
 
(
GPS
)
 
units.
 
However,
some holes appear to have been approximately
 
located using USGS topography
 
maps or other
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
24
methods
 
which are
 
less accurate
 
.
 
Therefore,
 
discretion
 
by MM&A
 
had to
 
be used
 
regarding
the accuracy
 
for the
 
location and
 
ground surface
 
elevation
 
of some
 
of these
 
older drill
 
holes.
 
In
 
instances
 
where
 
a
 
drill
 
hole
 
location
 
(or
 
associated
 
coal
 
seam
 
elevations)
 
appeared
 
to
 
be
inconsistent
 
with
 
the
 
overall
 
structural
 
trend
 
(or
 
surface
 
topography
 
for
 
surface-mineable
areas), the data point was not honored for geological modeling.
 
Others with apparently minor
variances were logically adjusted and then used by MM&A.
 
Surveying
 
of
 
the
 
underground
 
and
 
surface
 
mined
 
areas
 
has
 
been
 
performed
 
by
 
the
 
mine
operators and/or their consulting surveyors.
 
By assignment, MM&A did
 
not verify the
 
accuracy
or completeness of the supplied mine maps but accepted
 
this information as being the work of
responsible engineers and surveyors, as required by both State
 
and Federal Law.
MM&A
 
compiled
 
comprehensive
 
topographic
 
map files
 
by
 
selecting
 
the
 
best
 
available
 
aerial
mapping for
 
each area,
 
surface mine
 
resources and
 
reserves in
 
particular,
 
and filled
 
any gaps
with digital USGS topographic mapping.
7.2
 
Non-Drilling Procedures and Parameters
Some analyses,
 
specifically ultimate
 
ash and sulfur
 
types are
 
not as prevalent
 
as others
 
in the
testing
 
done
 
on
 
samples
 
recovered
 
by
 
drilling.
 
To
 
supplement
 
the
 
information
 
database,
samples have been collected from mine stockpiles and either truck or tra
 
in shipment samples.
7.3
 
Drilling Procedures
Core drilling methods utilize NX-size (5.4 centimeters) or similar-sized
 
core cylinders to recover
core
 
samples,
 
which
 
can
 
be
 
used
 
to
 
delineate
 
geologic
 
characteristics,
 
and
 
for
 
coal
 
quality
testing and geotechnical logging.
 
For the core holes, the geophysical
 
logs are especially useful
in
 
verifying
 
the
 
core
 
recovery
 
of
 
both
 
the
 
coal
 
samples
 
(for
 
assurance
 
that
 
sample
 
is
representative
 
of the full seam)
 
and of the roof
 
and floor rock
 
samples (for evaluating
 
ground
control
 
characteristics
 
of
 
deep
 
mineable
 
coal
 
seams).
 
In
 
addition
 
to
 
the
 
core
 
holes,
 
rotary
drilled
 
holes also
 
exist
 
on most
 
of the
 
Properties.
 
Data
 
for
 
the
 
rotary
 
drilled
 
holes is
 
mainly
derived from
 
downhole geophysical
 
logs, which
 
are used
 
to interpret
 
coal and
 
rock thickness
and depth since logging of the drill cuttings is not reliable.
A wide variety of core
 
-logging techniques exist for the
 
properties.
 
For many of the core
 
holes,
the
 
primary
 
data
 
source
 
is
 
a
 
generalized
 
lithology
 
description
 
by
 
the
 
driller,
 
typically
supplemented
 
by a
 
more detailed
 
core
 
log completed
 
by a
 
geologist.
 
The Logan
 
drilling logs
were provided to MM&A as a geological database.
 
MM&A geologists were not involved in the
production
 
of
 
original
 
core
 
logs
 
but
 
did
 
perform
 
a
 
basic
 
check
 
of
 
information
 
within
 
the
provided
 
database.
 
Where
 
geophysical
 
logs
 
for
 
such
 
holes
 
are
 
available,
 
they
 
were
 
used
 
by
MM&A geologists to verify the coal thickness and core recovery of each
 
seam.
 
7.4
 
Mine Data
Mine
 
data
 
from
 
underground
 
mines
 
was
 
supplied
 
to
 
supplement
 
the
 
exploration
 
drillhole
records,
 
by seam.
 
In-seam mine
 
data was
 
provided from
 
Coronado through
 
Microsoft® Excel
files or from coal
 
section measurements recorded within maps
 
of several mines.
 
The mine data
was
 
processed
 
for
 
seam
 
thickness
 
and
 
coal
 
thickness,
 
by
 
seam
 
and
 
then
 
appended
 
to
 
the
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
25
Carlson model
 
database for
 
seam model
 
updates.
 
Seam thickness
 
data
 
excluded
 
roof and
 
or
floor strata records
 
above and below the measured
 
seam.
 
In 2023, active underground
 
mines
that
 
included
 
supplemental
 
mine
 
data
 
included
 
Muddy
 
Bridge
 
and
 
Eagle
 
No.
 
1
 
Mine
 
in
 
the
Lower No. 2 Gas (Eagle) seam and the Lower War Eagle mine.
 
In-mine seam
 
measurements were taken
 
by mine
 
survey workers with
 
a tape
 
measure to record
coal
 
and parting(s)
 
thicknesses and
 
data
 
locations.
 
Subsequently,
 
the thickness
 
and
 
location
records
 
were transferred
 
into digital
 
format
 
and AutoCAD
 
maps.
 
Seam section
 
data of
 
these
records were then used with drill hole seam data to update geologic models.
 
Anomalous seam
thickness data,
 
of which there were only a few,
 
were not honored for the update.
 
Coal quality
samples were
 
not collected
 
by surveyors
 
with seam thickness
 
measurements.
 
The spacing
 
of
the in-mine measurements is tighter than
 
that of the drill hole data.
 
In general, the mine data
fit thickness trends
 
of the surrounding
 
drill holes and
 
emphasized existing
 
thickness trends
 
as
seen from surrounding
 
drill hole data.
 
In a few
 
places the in-mine data
 
showed local thinning
or thickening thickness trends of limited extent.
In-Mine seam measurement counts by seam are as follows:
 
>
Lower Winifrede seam includes 51 in-mine data locations taken from the adjacent, inactive
deep mine.
>
Lower
 
War
 
Eagle
 
seam
 
includes
 
551
 
in-mine
 
data
 
locations,
 
mainly
 
located
 
beside
 
remaining
mineable sections of the active deep mine.
>
Lower No. 2 Gas seam includes 1,974 in-mine data locations.
 
Of the 1,974 mine data locations,
478 are from the Muddy Bridge deep
 
mine and 1,496 are from the
 
Eagle No. 1 Mine.
 
The Lower
No. 2 Gas update displays a seam
 
thickness differential between the thicker Muddy Bridge mine
area and the thinner Eagle No. 1 Mine which is represented with the mine data.
7.5
 
Hydrology
Hydrologic
 
testing
 
and forecasting
 
are necessary
 
parts of
 
the permitting
 
process
 
and as
 
such
are routinely considered in the mine planning process.
Logan
 
has
 
a
 
lengthy
 
history
 
of
 
operation
 
and
 
five
 
currently
 
active
 
mines
 
with
 
no
 
significant
hydrologic concerns or material issues experienced in its history.
 
Future mining is projected to
occur
 
in
 
areas
 
exhibiting
 
similar
 
hydrogeological
 
conditions
 
as
 
past
 
mining,
 
including
 
stream
undermining and undermining of aquifers.
 
Based upon the successful history of the operation
with
 
regards
 
to
 
hydrogeological
 
features,
 
MM&A
 
assumes
 
that
 
the
 
operation
 
will
 
not
 
be
hindered by such issues in the future.
7.6
 
Geotechnical Data
Mining plans
 
for potential
 
underground mines
 
were developed
 
by Coronado
 
and modified by
MM&A
 
to
 
fit
 
current
 
property
 
constraints.
 
Pillar
 
stability
 
was
 
tested
 
by
 
MM&A
 
using
 
the
Analysis of Coal
 
Pillar Stability (ACPS)
 
program that was developed by the
National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health (
NIOSH
)
.
 
MM&A reviewed the results from the ACPS analysis
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
26
and
 
considered
 
it
 
in
 
the
 
development
 
of
 
the
 
LOM
 
plan.
 
Coal
 
and
 
rock
 
strengths
 
from
 
core
testing are used to verify the empirical assumptions integral
 
to ACPS.
8
Sample Preparation, Analyses and Security
8.1
 
Prior to Sending to the Lab
Most
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
samples
 
have
 
been
 
obtained
 
from
 
the
 
Property
 
by
 
subsurface
 
exploration
using core
 
drilling techniques.
 
The protocol
 
for preparing
 
and testing
 
the samples
 
has varied
over time and
 
is not well documented
 
for the older
 
holes drilled on the
 
Property.
 
Following a
process, typical USA
 
core drilling
 
sampling technique
 
is for
 
the coal
 
core sample,
 
once recovered
from the core barrel, to be described then wrapped in a sealed plastic sleeve and placed into
 
a
wooden core box, which is the length of the sample and covered with a lid so that the core can
be delivered
 
to a laboratory
 
in relatively
 
intact condition
 
and with inherent
 
moisture content.
 
Each core
 
sample box
 
is identified
 
with the
 
seam, hole
 
identification number
 
and the
 
sample
interval depth scribed on
 
the sample box lid.
 
This process has
 
been the norm
 
for both historical
and ongoing exploration activities at Logan.
This
 
work
 
is
 
typically
 
performed
 
by
 
the
 
supervising
 
driller,
 
geologist
 
or
 
company
 
personnel.
 
Samples are most often delivered
 
to the company by the
 
driller after each shift or acquired
 
by
company
 
personnel
 
or
 
representatives.
 
Most
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
core
 
samples
 
were
 
obtained
 
by
previous
 
or
 
current
 
operators
 
on
 
the
 
Property.
 
MM&A
 
did
 
not
 
participate
 
in
 
the
 
sample
collection
 
and
 
analysis
 
of
 
the
 
core
 
samples.
 
However,
 
it
 
is
 
reasonable
 
to
 
assume,
 
given
 
the
sophistication level of the previous operators, that these samples were generally collected
 
and
processed under industry best-practices.
 
This assumption is based on MM&A’s familiarity with
the operating companies and the companies used to perform the analysis.
8.2
 
Lab Procedures
Coal quality testing has been performed
 
over a large number of years
 
by operating companies
using different laboratories
 
and testing regimens.
 
Some of the samples have raw analyses and
washabilities
 
of
 
the
 
full
 
seam
 
(with
 
coal
 
and
 
rock
 
parting
 
layers
 
co-mingled)
 
and
 
are
 
mainly
useful
 
for
 
characterizing
 
the
 
coal
 
quality
 
for
 
projected
 
production
 
from
 
underground
 
and
highwall mine
 
operations.
 
Other samples
 
have coal
 
and rock
 
analyzed separately,
 
the results
of which can be manipulated to forecast either surface or underground
 
mine quality.
 
Care has
been taken
 
to use
 
only those
 
analyses that
 
are representative
 
of the
 
coal quality
 
parameters
for the appropriate mining type for each sample.
Standard procedure
 
upon receipt of
 
core samples by the
 
testing laboratory
 
is to log the
 
depth
and
 
thickness
 
of
 
the
 
sample,
 
then
 
perform
 
testing
 
as
 
specified
 
by
 
a
 
representative
 
of
 
the
operating
 
company.
 
Each
 
sample
 
is
 
then
 
analyzed
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
procedures
 
defined
under
ASTM International
 
(
ASTM
)
 
standards including,
 
but not
 
limited to;
 
washability (ASTM
D4371); ash (ASTM D3174); sulfur
 
(ASTM D4239); Btu/lb. (ASTM D5865); volatile
 
matter (ASTM
D3175); Free Swell Index (
FSI
) (ASTM D720).
Since 1957 (the earliest
 
coal quality information available), the Property has
 
been controlled by
various mining companies
 
utilizing their own corporate
 
laboratories including:
Buffalo Mining
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
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SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
27
Company
(Lorado,
 
West Virginia),
Pittston Coal Group
(Lyburn, West
 
Virginia), and
Clinchfield
Coal Company
(Clinchfield, Virginia).
 
Since 1985 to the present, additional laboratories
not
 
affiliated with coal companies who have
provided analytical data for the Property include:
>
Mineral
 
Labs,
 
Inc.
(Salyersville,
 
Kentucky)
accredited
 
by
 
the
Perry
 
Johnson
 
Laboratory
Accreditation, Inc.
(
PJLA
).
 
>
Standard
 
Laboratories,
 
Inc
(South
 
Charleston,
 
West
 
Virginia)
accredited
 
by
 
the
ANSI
National Accreditation Board (
ANAB
).
>
Standard Laboratories, Inc
(Whitesburg, Kentucky)
accredited by the ANAB.
>
Commercial
 
Testing
 
&
 
Engineering
 
Company
 
(Charleston,
 
West
 
Virginia)
 
 
no
 
longer
 
in
operation.
>
Gallagher Coal Research Center
(Crab Orchard, West
 
Virginia) – no longer in operation.
>
Standard Laboratories, Inc.
(Scott Depot, West Virginia) – accredited
 
by the ANAB
.
>
SGS
 
North
 
America
(Sophia,
 
West
 
Virginia)
 
 
a
 
leading
 
accredited
 
body
 
and
 
a
Nationally
Recognized Test
 
Laboratory
 
(
NRTL
); currently utilized by Coronado for sample analysis.
9
Data Verification
9.1
 
Procedures of Qualified Person
MM&A reviewed the digital geologic database supplied by Coronado.
 
The database consists of
data records,
 
which include drill
 
hole information
 
for holes that
 
lie within and
 
adjacent to the
Property
 
and
 
records
 
for
 
numerous
 
supplemental
 
coal
 
seam
 
thickness
 
measurements.
 
For
supplemental
 
record
 
verification,
 
copies of
 
each entry
 
were
 
printed,
 
and cross
 
referenced
 
to
the
 
original
 
document
 
for
 
verification.
 
Once
 
the
 
initial
 
integrity
 
of
 
the
 
database
 
was
established,
 
stratigraphic
 
columnar
 
sections were
 
generated
 
using cross
 
-sectional analysis
 
to
establish or confirm coal seam correlations.
 
Geophysical logs were used wherever available to
assist
 
in confirming
 
the seam
 
correlation
 
and to
 
verify proper
 
seam thickness
 
measurements
and recovery of intercepted
 
coal sections and collected samples.
 
After
 
establishing
 
and/or
 
verifying
 
proper
 
seam
 
correlation,
 
seam
 
data
 
control
 
maps
 
and
geological cross-sections
 
were generated
 
and again used
 
to verify
 
seam correlations
 
and data
integrity.
 
Once the database was
 
fully vetted, seam thickness,
 
base of seam
 
elevation, roof and
floor
 
lithology,
 
and
 
overburden
 
maps
 
were
 
independently
 
generated
 
for
 
use
 
in
 
the
 
mine
planning process.
9.2
 
Limitations
As with any exploration program, localized anomalies
 
cannot always be discovered.
 
Ideally, the
greater the
 
density of the
 
samples taken,
 
the less the
 
risk.
 
Once an area
 
is identified as being
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
28
of interest
 
for inclusion
 
in the mine
 
plan, additional samples
 
are taken
 
to help reduce
 
the risk
in those specific areas.
 
In general, provision is made in the
 
mine planning portion of the study
to allow for localized anomalies
 
that are typically classed
 
more as a
 
nuisance than a
 
hinderance.
9.3
 
Opinion of Qualified Person
Sufficient
 
data
 
has
 
been
 
obtained
 
through
 
various
 
exploration
 
and
 
sampling
 
programs
 
and
mining operations to support the
 
geological interpretations of seam structure and
 
thickness for
coal
 
horizons
 
situated
 
on
 
the
 
Property.
 
The
 
data
 
is
 
of
 
sufficient
 
quantity
 
and
 
reliability
 
to
reasonably support the coal resource and coal reserve estimates
 
in this TRS.
10
Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing
10.1
 
Testing
 
Procedures
Separate
 
tabulations
 
have
 
been
 
compiled for
 
basic chemical
 
analyses
 
(both raw
 
and washed
quality),
 
petrographic
 
data,
 
rheological
 
data
 
and
 
chlorine,
 
ash,
 
ultimate
 
and
 
sulfur
 
analysis.
 
Some
 
of
 
the
 
data
 
categories
 
from
 
the
 
analyses
 
are
 
not
 
as
 
prevalent
 
and
 
have
 
been
supplemented
 
by
 
samples collected
 
from
 
mine stockpiles
 
and
 
either truck
 
or
 
train
 
shipment
samples.
Available
 
coal quality
 
data
 
were
 
tabulated
 
by resource
 
area in
 
a Microsoft®
 
EXCEL
 
workbook
and the
 
details of
 
that work are
 
maintained on
 
file at
 
the offices
 
of Coronado
 
and MM&A.
 
These
tables
 
also
 
provide
 
basic
 
statistical
 
analyses
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
quality
 
attributes,
 
including
 
average
value; maximum and minimum values; and the sample count (number of samples)
 
available to
represent
 
each
 
quality
 
parameter
 
of
 
the
 
seam.
 
Coal
 
samples
 
that
 
were
 
deemed
 
by
 
MM&A
geologists
 
to
 
be
 
unrepresentative
 
were
 
not
 
used
 
for
 
statistical
 
analysis
 
of
 
coal
 
quality,
 
as
documented
 
in
 
the
 
tabulations.
 
A
 
representative
 
group
 
of
 
drill
 
hole
 
samples
 
from
 
the
Properties were then checked against the
 
original drill laboratory reports
 
to verify accuracy and
correctness.
The
 
amount
 
and
 
areal
 
extent
 
of
 
coal
 
sampling
 
for
 
geological
 
data
 
is
 
generally
 
sufficient
 
to
represent
 
the
 
quality
 
characteristics
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
horizons
 
and
 
allow
 
for
 
proper
 
market
placement
 
of the
 
subject coal
 
seams.
 
For
 
some of
 
the
 
coal
 
deposits,
 
there
 
are
 
considerable
laboratory
 
data
 
from
 
core
 
samples
 
that
 
are
 
representative
 
of the
 
full
 
extent
 
of the
 
resource
area; and for others there
 
are more limited data to represent
 
the resource area.
 
For example,
in the
 
active operations
 
with considerable
 
previous mining,
 
there may
 
be limited
 
quality data
within some of
 
the remaining resource
 
areas; however,
 
in those cases
 
the core
 
sampling data
can
 
be
 
supplemented
 
with
 
operational
 
data
 
from
 
mining
 
and
 
shipped
 
quality
 
samples
representative of the resource
 
area.
10.2
 
Relationship of Tests
 
to the Whole
The extensive
 
sampling and testing
 
procedures typically
 
followed in
 
the coal industry
 
result in
an
 
excellent
 
correlation
 
between
 
samples and
 
marketable
 
product.
 
Shipped
 
analyses
 
of the
coal
 
from
 
Logan
 
were
 
reviewed
 
to
 
verify
 
that
 
the
 
coal
 
quality
 
and
 
characteristics
 
were
 
as
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
29
expected.
 
The
 
Logan
 
properties
 
have
 
a
 
long
 
history
 
of
 
saleable
 
production,
 
under
 
various
owners, in the high-volatile metallurgical
 
and thermal markets, confirming exploration results.
10.3
 
Lab Information
Each
 
sample
 
is
 
analyzed
 
at
 
area
 
Laboratories
 
that
 
operate
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
procedures
defined
 
under
 
ASTM
 
standards
 
including,
 
but
 
not
 
limited
 
to
 
the
 
following
 
(Note:
 
not
 
all
analytical tests identified in this list have been run on each sample):
 
>
ASTM D 4371
 
– Test
 
Method for Determining Washability Characteristics
 
of Coal
>
ASTM D 3174
 
– Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
>
ASTM
 
D
 
4239
 
 
Test
 
Methods
 
for
 
Sulphur
 
in
 
the
 
Analysis
 
Sample
 
of
 
Coal
 
and
 
Coke
 
Using
High-Temperature
 
Tube Furnace Combustion Methods
>
ASTM D 5865
 
– Test
 
Method for Gross Calorific Value
 
of Coal and Coke
>
ASTM D 3175
 
– Test
 
Method for Volatile Matter
 
in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
>
ASTM D 3176
– Standard Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
>
ASTM D 3178
– Test
 
Method for Carbon and Hydrogen in Coal and Coke
>
ASTM D 3179
– Test
 
Method for Nitrogen in Coal and Coke
>
ASTM D 720
 
– Test
 
Method for Free-Swelling Index (
FSI
) of Coal
>
ASTM
 
D
 
5515
 
Test
 
Method
 
for
 
Determination
 
of
 
the
 
Swelling
 
Properties
 
of
 
Bituminous
Coal Using a Dilatometer (Arnu)
>
ASTM D 2639
 
– Test
 
Method for Plastic Properties of Coal (Gieseler)
>
ASTM D 3683
– Trace Elements
 
in Coal and Coke Ash by the Atomic Absorption Method
>
ASTM D 1857
– Standard Test
 
Method for Fusibility of Coal and Coke Ash
>
ASTM
 
D
 
2798
 
Microscopical
 
Determination
 
of
 
the
 
Reflectance
 
of
 
Vitrinite
 
in
 
a
 
Polished
Specimen of Coal
Ultimate
 
analysis
 
is
 
a
 
process
 
typically
 
used
 
which
 
gives
 
the
 
composition
 
of
 
coal
 
in
 
terms
 
of
carbon, hydrogen,
 
nitrogen, oxygen,
 
ash, and sulfur
 
without regard
 
to origin.
 
The sum
 
of the
carbon,
 
hydrogen,
 
nitrogen,
 
sulfur,
 
and
 
ash
 
are
 
subtracted
 
from
 
100
 
percent
 
to
 
calculate
oxygen percent.
Heating value
 
or calorific
 
value is
 
a measure
 
of the
 
heat produced
 
from a
 
unit weight
 
of coal.
 
In
 
the
 
United
 
States,
 
it
 
is
 
commonly
 
expressed
 
in
 
British
 
thermal
 
units
 
per
 
pound
 
(
Btu/lb.
).
 
Other units are kilocalories
 
per kilogram (
Kcal/kg
) and kilojoules
 
per gram (
KJ/g
).
 
Heating value
is generally determined by burning a weighed coal sample, in oxygen,
 
in a calorimeter.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
30
As noted
 
previously,
 
since 1957
 
(the earliest
 
coal quality
 
information
 
available), the
 
Property
has
 
been
 
controlled
 
by
 
various
 
mining
 
companies
 
utilizing
 
their
 
own
 
corporate
 
laboratories
including:
Buffalo Mining Company
(Lorado,
 
West Virginia),
Pittston Coal Group
(Lyburn, West
Virginia), and
Clinchfield Coal Company
(Clinchfield, Virginia).
 
Since 1985 to the present, additional laboratories
not
 
affiliated with coal companies who have
provided analytical data for the Property include:
>
Mineral Labs, Inc. (Salyersville,
 
Kentucky)
accredited by the PJLA
 
.
 
>
Standard Laboratories, Inc.
(South Charleston, West Virginia)
accredited by the ANAB
.
>
Standard Laboratories, Inc.
(Whitesburg, Kentucky)
accredited by the ANAB.
 
>
Commercial
 
Testing
 
&
 
Engineering
 
Company
 
(Charleston,
 
West
 
Virginia)
 
 
no
 
longer
 
in
operation.
>
Gallagher Coal Research Center (Crab Orchard,
 
West Virginia) – no longer in operation.
>
Standard Laboratories, Inc. (Scott Depot, West
 
Virginia) – accredited by the ANAB.
>
SGS North America (Sophia,
 
West Virginia) – a leading
 
accredited body and a
 
NRTL; currently
utilized by Coronado for sample analysis.
 
10.4
 
Relevant Results
No critical factors have been found
 
that would adversely affect the recovery
 
of the Reserve.
 
11
Mineral Resource Estimates
MM&A
 
independently
 
created
 
geologic
 
models
 
to
 
define
 
the
 
coal
 
resources
 
of
 
Logan.
 
Coal
resources were estimated
 
as of December 31, 2023.
11.1
 
Assumptions, Parameters and Methodology
Geological
 
data
 
was
 
imported
 
into
 
Carlson
 
Mining
®
 
software
 
for
 
geological
 
modelling
 
and
resource
 
estimates.
 
The imported
 
data,
 
formatted
 
in Microsoft
®
 
Excel
 
files, incorporat
 
es drill
hole collar elevations, seam and thickness
 
picks, bottom seam elevations and
 
raw and washed
coal
 
quality.
 
These
 
data
 
files
 
were
 
validated
 
prior
 
to
 
importing
 
into
 
the
 
software.
 
Once
imported,
 
a
 
geologic
 
model
 
was
 
created,
 
reviewed,
 
and
 
verified
 
with
 
a
 
key
 
element
 
being
 
a
gridded
 
model
 
of
 
coal
 
seam
 
thickness.
 
Resource
 
tonnes
 
were
 
estimated
 
by
 
using
 
the
 
seam
thickness
 
grid based
 
on each
 
valid
 
point
 
of observation
 
and
 
by defining
 
resource
 
confidence
arcs
 
around
 
the
 
points
 
of
 
observation.
 
Points
 
of
 
observation
 
for
 
Measured
 
and
 
Indicated
confidence arcs were
 
defined for all valid
 
drill holes that intersected
 
the seam using standards
deemed acceptable by MM&A based on
 
a detailed geologic evaluation and a statistical analysis
of all
 
drill holes
 
within the
 
projected reserve areas
 
as described
 
in
Section 11.1.1
.
 
The geological
evaluation
 
incorporated
 
an
 
analysis
 
of seam
 
thickness related
 
to
 
depositional
 
environments,
adjacent roof and floor lithologies, and structural influences.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
31
After
 
establishing
 
seam correlations,
 
validated
 
coal
 
seam data
 
,
 
including seam
 
thickness and
elevation for seams of economic interest,
 
were used to generate a geologic model.
 
Due to the
relative
 
structural
 
simplicity of
 
the deposits
 
and the
 
reasonable continuity
 
of the
 
tabular coal
beds, the
 
principal geological
 
interpretation
 
necessary to
 
define the
 
lateral
 
extent
 
of the
 
coal
deposits
 
is
 
the
 
proper
 
modeling
 
of
 
seam
 
thickness
 
and
 
elevation.
 
Both
 
coal
 
thickness
 
and
quality
 
data
 
are
 
deemed
 
by
 
MM&A
 
to
 
be
 
reasonably
 
sufficient
 
within
 
the
 
resource
 
areas.
 
Therefore, there is a reasonable level of confidence in the geologic interpretations required for
coal
 
resource
 
determination
 
based
 
on
 
the
 
available
 
data
 
and
 
the
 
techniques
 
applied
 
to
 
the
data.
Table
 
11-1
 
below provides
 
the geological
 
mapping and
 
coal tonnage
 
estimation
 
criteria
 
used
for the
 
coal resource
 
and reserve evaluation
 
.
 
These cut-off
 
parameters
 
have been
 
developed
by
 
MM&A
 
based
 
on
 
its
 
experience
 
with
 
the
 
Coronado
 
properties
 
and
 
are
 
typical
 
of
 
mining
operations
 
in
 
the
 
Central
 
Appalachian
 
coal
 
basin.
 
This
 
experience
 
includes
 
technical
 
and
economic
 
evaluations
 
of numerous
 
properties
 
in the
 
region
 
for
 
the
 
purposes of
 
determining
the economic viability of the subject coal reserves.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
32
Table 11-1:
 
General Reserve & Resource Criteria
Item
Parameters
Technical Notes & Exceptions*
 
General Criteria
 
 
Reserve Classification
Reserve and Resource
Coal resources as reported are inclusive of coal reserves.
Reliability Categories
Reserve (Proven and Probable)
Resource (Measured, Indicated & Inferred)
To better reflect geological conditions of the coal
deposits, distance between points of observation is
standard USGS (in meters), respectively, for measured
and indicated and inferred.
Effective Date of Resource Estimate
December 31, 2023
Coal resources were updated for depletion and non-
material resource additions based on information from
Coronado.
 
Effective date for coal resources is as of
December 31, 2023.
Effective Date of Reserve Estimate
December 31, 2023
Coal reserves were updated for depletion and non-
material reserve additions based on information from
Coronado.
 
Effective date for coal reserves is as of
December 31, 2023.
Seam Density
Variable, dependent upon seam characteristics
(based on available drill hole quality).
 
In the
absence of laboratory data, estimated by (1)
assuming specific gravity of 1.30 for coal and 2.25
to 2.5 for rock parting, or (2) 1280 kg/m
3
to 1324
kg/m
3
 
for a “clean”
 
seam)
 
Underground-Mineable Criteria
Map Thickness
Total seam thickness
Minimum Seam Thickness
0.76 meters (thermal coal); 0.68 meters
(metallurgical coal)
 
Minimum Mining Thickness
1.4 to 1.8 meters
Minimum Total Coal Thickness
0.76 meters (thermal coal); 0.68 meters
(metallurgical coal)
 
Minimum In-Seam Wash Recovery
50 percent; 40 percent where coal is belted
directly to preparation plant
Wash Recovery Applied to Coal
Reserves
Based on average yield for drill holes within
reserve area, or in the absence of laboratory
washability data, based on estimated visual
recovery using specific gravities noted above and
95 percent yield on “clean” coal
Out-of-Seam Dilution Thickness for
Run-of-Mine Tonnes Applied to Coal
Reserves
0.05 meters minimum
2243 kg/m³ density used for dilution tonnage estimate
Mine Barrier
60.96-meter distance from abandoned mines and
sealed or pillared areas; 30.4-meter distance from
planned highwall miner panels
Minimum Reserve Tonnage
226,796 recoverable tonnes for individual area
(logical mining unit)
Minimum Overburden Depth
30.48 meters
Minimum Interval to Rider Coal
Considered on a case-by-case basis, depending on
interval lithology, etc.
<1.5 meters are resource
Minimum Interval to Overlying or
Underlying Reserves
Considered on a case-by-case basis, depending on
interval lithology, extent and type of extraction,
etc.
Typically, 12.19 meters
Minimum Interval to Overlying or
Underlying Mined Areas
Considered on a case-by-case basis, depending on
interval lithology, extent and type of extraction,
etc.
Adjustments Applied to Coal Reserves
6 percent moisture increase; 5 percent loss for
preparation plant inefficiency
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
33
Item
Parameters
Technical Notes & Exceptions*
Surface Mineable Criteria
Topographic Map Source
Reserves estimated based on aerial topography,
where available, and best available aerial
topography for other areas.
 
Pre-law highwalls
also based on aerial topography, where available
Map Thickness
Total mineable seam thickness (excluding removal
partings)
Mine Recovery Applied to Coal
Reserves
90 percent; 25 percent for previously
underground mined areas.
 
Wash Recovery
Not Applicable for most reserves estimated on a
direct-ship basis.
 
Where surface mineable coal is
projected to be washed, based on average yield
for drill holes within reserve area, or in the
absence of laboratory washability data, based on
estimated visual recovery using specific gravities
noted above and 95 percent yield on “clean”
 
coal
Minimum Thickness
0.3 meter for principal seam (principal seam is any
that is >0.76 meters from another mineable coal
bench)
0.15 meters for a split of a principal seam (split is
within 0.76 meters of another mineable coal
bench)
Minimum thickness of recoverable
coal within single seam
CTR/Area/HWM areas
0.6 meters
Minimum HWM Cutting Height
0.8 meters
Removable Rock Parting Thickness
0.07 meters
Maximum Cumulative Area Mining
Strip Ratio
30:1 – Area
15:1 – CTR
Exceptions considered for metallurgical grade coal
products if deemed economical
Design Bench Width for
Contour/HWM Areas
38.1 meters (Contour reserves estimated in
conjunction with potential HWM reserves)
Adjustments Applied to Marketable
Coal Reserves
4.5 percent moisture increase
Out-of-Seam Dilution Thickness
Applied to Coal Reserves
NA
2% adjustment (addition) made to product coal quality
ash to account for dilution
 
Surface Property Control
Reserves considered where surface is controlled;
tonnage not estimated or classified as resource
where surface is uncontrolled.
Highwall Miner Reserves
Penetration Depth
91.4 – 243.8 meters
Seam Density & Wash Recovery
Similar to underground-mineable reserves
Mine Recovery Applied to Coal
Reserves
40 percent
 
Minimum Coal Thickness
0.6 meter
Minimum Mining Height
0.9 meter
Adjustments Applied to Marketable
Coal Reserves
6 percent moisture increase and 5 percent loss for
preparation plant inefficiency
Out-of-Seam Dilution Thickness
Applied to Coal Reserves
0.9 meter less seam height
2242 to 2402 kg/m
3
 
density used for dilution tonnage
estimate
Note:
 
Exceptions for application of
 
these criteria to
 
resource and reserve estimation
 
are made as
 
warranted and demonstrated by either
 
actual
mining experience or detailed data that allows for empirical evaluation of mining conditions.
 
Final classification of coal reserve is made based
on the pre-feasibility evaluation.
11.1.1
 
Geostatistical Analysis
MM&A
 
completed
 
a
 
geostatistical
 
analysis
 
on
 
drill
 
holes
 
within
 
the
 
reserve
 
boundaries
 
to
determine
 
the
 
applicability
 
of
 
the
 
common
 
United
 
States
 
classification
 
system
 
for
 
measured
and indicated and inferred coal
 
resources.
 
Historically, the United States has assumed that
 
coal
within 0.4-kilometer
 
of a
 
point
 
of observation
 
represents
 
a measured
 
resource
 
whereas
 
coal
between 0.4 kilometer and
 
1.2 kilometer from a point
 
of observation is classified as
 
indicated.
 
Inferred
 
resources
 
are
 
commonly
 
assumed
 
to
 
be
 
located
 
between
 
1.2
 
kilometers
 
and
 
4.8
kilometers
 
from
 
a
 
point
 
of
 
observation.
 
Per
 
SEC
 
and
 
JORC
 
regulations,
 
only
 
measured
 
and
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p43i2 ex963p43i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
34
indicated
 
resources
 
may
 
be
 
considered
 
for
 
reserve
 
classification,
 
respectively
 
as
 
proven
 
and
probable reserves.
MM&A performed a
 
geostatistical analysis test of
 
the Logan
 
data set using
 
the Drill
 
Hole Spacing
Analysis
 
(
DHSA
)
 
method.
 
This
 
method
 
attempts
 
to
 
quantify
 
the
 
uncertainty
 
of
 
applying
 
a
measurement
 
from
 
a
 
central
 
location
 
to
 
increasingly
 
larger
 
square
 
blocks
 
and
 
provides
recommendations
 
for determining
 
the distances
 
between drill
 
holes for
 
measured, indicated,
and inferred resources.
To
 
perform DHSA
 
the data set
 
was processed to
 
remove any
 
erroneous data
 
points, clustered
data points, as well as directional
 
trends.
 
This was achieved through the use
 
of histograms, as
seen in
Figure 11-1
, color coded scatter plots showing
 
the geospatial positioning of
 
the borings,
Figure 11-2
, and trend analysis.
Figure 11-1:
 
Histogram of the Total Seam Thickness for the No. 2
Gas Seam Present in the Logan Complex
Figure 11-2:
 
Scatter plot of the Total Seam Thickness for the No. 2 Gas
Seam Present in the Logan Complex
Following the
 
completion of
 
data processing,
 
a variogram
 
of the
 
data set
 
was created,
Figure
11-3
.
 
The variogram plots average
 
square difference against
 
the separation distance
 
between
the data
 
pairs.
 
The separation
 
distance is
 
broken
 
up into
 
separate
 
bins defined
 
by a
 
uniform
lag distance (e.g., for a lag distance of 152 meters the bins would be 0 – 152 meters, 153 – 305
meters, etc.).
 
Each pair of data points that are less than one lag distance
 
apart are reported in
the first bin.
 
If the
 
data pair is
 
further apart
 
than one
 
lag distance
 
but less
 
than two
 
lag distances
apart, then the
 
variance is
 
reported in
 
the second bin.
 
The numerical average
 
for differences
reported
 
for
 
each
 
bin
 
is
 
then
 
plotted
 
on
 
the
 
variogram.
 
Care
 
was
 
taken
 
to
 
define
 
the
 
lag
distance in such a way as to not overestimate any nugget effect
 
present in the data set.
 
Lastly,
modeled equations,
 
often spherical,
 
gaussian, or
 
exponential, are
 
applied to
 
the variogram
 
in
order to represent the data set across
 
a continuous spectrum.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p44i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
35
Figure 11-3: Variogram of the Total
 
Seam Thickness for the No. 2 Gas Seam
 
Present in the Logan Complex
The estimation
 
variance is
 
then calculated
 
using information
 
from the
 
modeled variogram
 
as
well
 
as charts
 
published by
 
Journel and
 
Huijbregts
 
(1978).
 
This value
 
estimates
 
the variance
from
 
applying
 
a
 
single
 
central
 
measurement
 
to
 
increasingly
 
larger
 
square
 
blocks.
 
Care
 
was
taken
 
to
 
ensure
 
any
 
nugget
 
effect
 
present
 
was
 
added
 
back
 
into
 
the
 
data.
 
This
 
process
 
was
repeated for each test block size.
The
 
final
 
step
 
of
 
the
 
process
 
is
 
to
 
calculate
 
the
 
global
 
estimation
 
variance.
 
In
 
this
 
step,
 
the
number of
 
square blocks
 
that would
 
fit inside
 
the selected
 
study area
 
is determined
 
for each
block size
 
that was
 
investigated
 
in the
 
previous step
 
.
 
The estimation
 
variance is
 
then divided
by the number of blocks that would fit inside the study area for each test block size.
 
Following
this determination, the
 
data is then
 
transformed back to represent the
 
relative error in
 
the 95
th
-
percentile range.
Figure 11-4
shows the results of the DHSA
 
performed on the No. 2 Gas
 
seam data for the Logan
Complex.
 
DHSA provides hole to hole spacing values,
 
these distances need to be converted
 
to
radius from
 
a central point
 
in order to compare
 
to the historical
 
standards.
 
A summary of the
radius data is
 
shown in
Table 11-2
.
 
DHSA prescribes measured,
 
indicated, and inferred drill
 
hole
spacings be determined at
 
the 10-percent, 20-percent,
 
and 50-percent levels
 
of relative error,
respectively.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ex963p45i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
36
Figure 11-4: Result of DHSA for the No. 2 Gas Seam Present in the Logan Complex
Table 11-2:
 
DHSA Results Summary for Radius from a Central Point
Model:
Measured Radial Distance
(10% Relative Error)
Indicated Radial Distance
(20% Relative Error)
Inferred Radial Distance
(50% Relative Error)
(km)
(km)
(km)
Gaussian:
0.99
1.66
3.94
Spherical:
0.87
1.53
3.53
Exponential:
0.87
1.53
3.53
Comparing the
 
results of
 
the DHSA
 
to the
 
historical standards,
 
it is
 
evident that
 
the historical
standards are more conservative than even the most conservative DHSA model with regards to
determining measured
 
resources.
 
The Exponential
 
and Spherical
 
models recommend
 
using a
radius
 
of
 
0.87
 
kilometers
 
for
 
measured
 
resources
 
compared
 
to
 
the
 
historical
 
value
 
of
 
0.4
kilometers.
 
With
 
respect
 
to
 
indicated
 
resources,
 
the
 
Spherical
 
and
 
Exponential
 
models
recommend
 
using
 
a
 
radius
 
of
 
1.53
 
kilometers.
 
The
 
historical
 
radius
 
of
 
1.2
 
kilometers
 
is
therefore also more conservative
 
than the DHSA results for indicated
 
resources.
 
These results
have led the QPs to report the data following the
 
historical classification standards, rather than
use the results of the DHSA.
11.2
 
Qualified Person’s Estimates
Mineral resources representing
 
in-situ coal are estimated Inclusive
 
of Reserve and Exclusive of
Reserves.
 
Based on the work and methods
 
described above and detailed geologic modelling of
the
 
areas considering
 
all defined
 
parameters,
 
a coal
 
resource
 
estimate,
 
summarized
 
in
Table
11-3
, was prepared as of December 31, 2023, for property controlled
 
by Coronado.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
37
Table 11-3:
 
Coal Resources Summary as of December 31, 2023 (Mt)
Coal Resource (Dry Tonnes, In Situ, MT)
Resource Quality (Dry)
Area
Measured
Indicated
Inferred
Total
Ash%
Sulfur%
VM%
Inclusive of Reserves
133.9
35.8
0.0
169.7
17
1.0
31
Exclusive of Reserves
39.2
35.9
3.4
78.5
Total 12/31/2023
173.1
71.7
3.4
248.3
Note:
 
Resource tonnes are inclusive of
 
reserve tonnes since they include the
 
in-situ tonnes from which recoverable
 
coal reserves
are derived.
Note 2:
 
Coal resources are reported on a dry basis.
 
Surface moisture and inherent moisture are excluded.
Note 3: The Property has 75.1
 
Mt of dry, in-place measured and indicated
 
resource tonnes exclusive of reserves as of
 
December 31,
2023.
11.3
 
Resources Exclusive of Reserves
The
 
Property
 
contains
 
multiple
 
resource
 
blocks
 
which
 
were
 
not
 
deemed
 
to
 
exhibit
 
reserve
potential at the time of the study.
 
These underground-mineable resources, formally identified
as resources
 
exclusive
 
of reserves,
 
are from
 
the No.
 
2 Gas,
 
Lower Powellton,
 
Peerless,
 
Lower
Winifrede,
 
Middle
 
Cedar
 
Grove
 
and
 
Beckley
 
coal
 
seams.
 
A
 
portion
 
of
 
the
 
Lower
 
Winifrede
resources defined
 
in the February
 
2023 TRS were
 
converted to
 
reserves as part
 
of the current
2024 TRS by
 
virtue of a mine plan
 
and economic analysis
 
in
Section 19
.
 
There are also
 
surface
mineable
 
resources
 
exclusive
 
of
 
reserves
 
in
 
various
 
seams.
 
Reasons
 
which
 
may
 
preclude
elevation of resources to reserves include, but are not limited to:
1.
 
Unfavorable
 
economics
 
at
 
the
 
PFS
 
level,
 
yet
 
economics
 
could
 
become
 
attractive
 
in
 
the
future under different market
 
conditions.
 
2.
 
Exclusion from
 
LOM planning
 
by mining
 
operator due
 
to remaining
 
resource blocks
 
which
are
 
relatively
 
small,
 
isolated
 
blocks
 
and
 
not
 
currently
 
attractive
 
from
 
an
 
operational
perspective.
 
11.3.1
 
Initial Economic Assessment
MM&A
 
completed
 
an
 
initial
 
economic
 
assessment
 
to
 
determine
 
the
 
potential
 
economic
viability of resources
 
exclusive of
 
reserves.
 
Unlike the
 
economic analysis presented
 
in
Section
19
 
developed
 
to
 
test
 
reserves,
 
the
 
initial
 
economic assessment
 
below
 
is presented
 
on a
 
real
basis in 2023
 
dollars.
 
MM&A applied relevant
 
technical factors
 
to estimate
 
potential saleable
tonnes
 
without
 
the resource
 
blocks, should
 
the resources
 
be
 
extracted
 
via deep,
 
continuous
mining methods or
 
surface area methods.
 
MM&A developed cash
 
cost profiles for the
 
resource
blocks, including
 
direct cash costs
 
(labor, supplies, roof control, maintenance
 
and repair, power,
and
 
other);
 
washing,
 
trucking,
 
materials
 
handling,
 
general
 
and
 
administrative,
 
and
environmental
 
costs;
 
and
 
indirect
 
cash
 
costs
 
(royalties,
 
production
 
taxes,
 
property
 
tax,
insurance).
 
Costs were
 
developed based
 
off relevant
 
cost drivers
 
(per-meter,
 
per-bank
 
cubic
meter,
 
per-raw-tonne,
 
per-clean-tonne).
 
Additionally,
 
MM&A
 
estimated
 
capital
 
costs
 
to
extract resources.
 
Capital costs associated with mine development were
 
amortized across the
resource’s
 
potential saleable tonnages.
 
Additional non-cash items (depreciation of equipment
and depletion) and cash costs were compared to an assumed
 
sale price of $154 per
 
tonne (FOB
loadout)
 
for
 
underground-mineable
 
resources,
 
representing
 
the
 
long-term
 
average
 
price
forecast
 
for
 
HVB provided
 
by Coronado.
 
Surface
 
resources
 
were
 
assessed at
 
a sales
 
price of
$83
 
per
 
tonne
 
(FOB
 
loadout)
 
based
 
on
 
estimated
 
historical
 
pricing
 
for
 
Coronado’s
 
surface
operations.
 
The results of
 
the analysis are
 
shown below and
 
demonstrate potential profitability
on a fully loaded cost basis.
 
Detailed summaries are shown in
Appendix D
.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ex963p47i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
38
Table 11-4:
 
Results of Initial Economic Assessment ($/tonne)
Mine
Resource
Block
Direct
Cash
Transportation,
Washing,
Enviro, G&A
Indirect
Non-Cash
Total Cost
Fully
Loaded
P&L
Toney Fork #2
N2G
$70.46
$17.34
$19.81
$17.53
$125.13
$29.19
Pardee
N2G
$77.59
$20.85
$19.81
$12.63
$130.88
$23.44
Sugar Camp
N2G
$97.33
$25.16
$19.81
$10.40
$152.70
$1.62
Lower Powellton Block A
LPOW
$74.99
$18.22
$19.81
$8.52
$121.54
$32.79
Lower Powellton Block B
LPOW
$78.47
$18.99
$19.81
$20.22
$137.49
$16.83
N2G Peerless
Peer
$100.47
$15.53
$19.81
$16.83
$152.64
$1.69
Beckley
Bec
$68.42
$16.72
$19.81
$17.09
$122.03
$32.29
Middle Cedar Grove
MCG
$72.41
$18.21
$19.81
$36.75
$147.18
$7.14
Lower Winifrede
LWIN
$38.58
$13.04
$19.81
$43.83
$115.25
$39.07
Powellton No. 1
UPOW
$63.63
$21.11
$19.81
$8.52
$113.07
$41.25
Thermal Area Mines (S)
S
$50.27
$6.34
$12.73
$8.52
$77.87
$4.81
Figure 11-5:
 
Results of Initial Economic Assessment
11.4
 
Resources Inclusive of Reserves
The
Inclusive
 
of
 
Reserves
 
in-place
 
resource
 
account
 
for
 
68-percent
 
of
 
the
 
total
 
248.3 million
estimated
 
in-situ
 
resource.
 
Recoverable
 
reserves
 
for
 
both
 
surface
 
and
 
underground
 
mine
methods
 
are
 
derived
 
from
 
the
Inclusive
 
of
 
Reserve
 
169.7 million
 
in-situ
 
resource.
 
Logan
reserves are discussed further in
Section 12
, Mineral Reserve Estimates below.
11.5
 
Qualified Person’s Opinion
While there is some level of stratigraphically controlled
 
seam-thickness variability due to seam
splitting,
 
sand
 
channels,
 
etc.,
 
the
 
coal
 
seams
 
on
 
the
 
mine
 
property
 
in
 
Logan
 
County
demonstrate
 
reasonable
 
thickness
 
consistency
 
according
 
to
 
the
 
classification
 
system
 
of
measured
 
(0
 
 
0.4
 
kilometer),
indicated
 
(0.4
 
to
 
1.2
 
kilometers),
 
and
inferred
 
(1.2
 
to
 
4.8
kilometers).
 
MM&A geologists
 
and engineers
 
modeled the
 
deposit and
 
delineated
 
mineable
regions to reflect the nature of each seam and the practicality of mining constraints.
 
Based on
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
39
MM&A’s
 
geostatistical
 
analysis,
 
it
 
would
 
be
 
possible
 
to
 
extend
 
the
 
measured,
 
indicated
 
and
inferred
 
arcs
 
slightly
 
beyond
 
historically
 
accepted
 
practices
 
due
 
to
 
consistent
 
geological
settings.
 
The
 
QP’s
 
have
 
again
 
elected
 
not
 
to
 
extend
 
arc
 
distances,
 
introducing
 
a
 
level
 
of
conservatism in measured and indicated coal classification.
Based on the
 
data review, the attendant work done to verify the data integrity and
 
the creation
of an independent geologic model, the
 
QPs believe
 
this is a fair and accurate representation of
the Logan coal resources.
 
Moreover,
 
the QPs opine that additional exploration, mine planning
and
 
financial
 
analysis
 
could
 
result
 
in
 
conversion
 
of
 
additional
 
resources
 
to
 
reserves
 
in
 
the
future;
 
however,
 
there
 
is
 
no
 
guarantee
 
that
 
such
 
will
 
be
 
the
 
case
 
until
 
such
 
time
 
as
 
that
additional work is completed.
12
Mineral Reserve Estimates
12.1
 
Assumptions, Parameters and Methodology
Coal
 
Reserves
 
are
 
classified
 
as
proven
 
or
probable
 
considering
 
“modifying
 
factors”
 
including
mining,
 
metallurgical,
 
economic,
 
marketing,
 
legal,
 
environmental,
 
social
 
and
 
governmental
factors.
>
Proven
 
Coal
 
Reserves
 
are
 
the
 
economically
 
mineable
 
part
 
of
 
a
 
measured
 
coal
 
resource,
adjusted
 
for diluting
 
materials and
 
allowances for
 
losses when
 
the material
 
is mined.
 
It is
based
 
on
 
appropriate
 
assessment
 
and
 
studies
 
in
 
consideration
 
of
 
and
 
adjusted
 
for
reasonably
 
assumed
 
modifying
 
factors.
 
These
 
assessments
 
demonstrate
 
that
 
extraction
could be reasonably justified at the time of reporting.
 
>
Probable Coal
 
Reserves
 
are the
 
economically mineable
 
part of
 
an indicated
 
coal resource,
and
 
in
 
some circumstances
 
a
 
measured
 
coal
 
resource,
 
adjusted
 
for
 
diluting
 
materials
 
and
allowances for losses when
 
the material is
 
mined.
 
It is based
 
on appropriate assessment and
studies in
 
consideration of
 
and adjusted
 
for reasonably
 
assumed modifying factors.
 
These
assessments
 
demonstrate
 
that
 
extraction
 
could
 
be
 
reasonably
 
justified
 
at
 
the
 
time
 
of
reporting.
 
Upon
 
completion
 
of
 
delineation
 
and
 
calculation
 
of
 
coal
 
resources,
 
MM&A
 
generated
 
a
 
LOM
plan for
 
Logan.
 
The footprint
 
of each
 
reserve area
 
is shown
 
on the
 
maps in
Appendix B
.
 
The
Mine
 
plan
 
was
 
generated
 
based
 
on
 
the
 
forecast
 
mine
 
plan
 
and
 
permit
 
plan
 
provided
 
by
Coronado with modifications
 
by MM&A
 
where necessary
 
due to current
 
property control limits,
modifications to geologic mapping, or other factors determined during the evaluation.
Carlson
 
Mining
 
software
 
was
 
used
 
to
 
generate
 
the
 
LOM
 
plan
 
for
 
Logan.
 
The
 
mine
 
plan
 
was
sequenced
 
based
 
on
 
productivity
 
schedules
 
provided
 
by
 
Coronado.
 
MM&A
 
judged
 
the
productivity
 
estimates
 
and plans
 
to
 
be reasonable
 
based on
 
experience
 
and
 
current
 
industry
practice.
Raw, ROM production data outputs from LOM plan sequencing were processed into Microsoft
®
EXCEL
 
spreadsheets
 
and
 
summarized
 
on
 
an
 
annual
 
basis
 
for
 
processing
 
into
 
the
 
economic
model.
 
Average seam
 
densities were estimated
 
to determine raw
 
coal tonnes produced
 
from
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
40
the LOM
 
plan.
 
Average
 
mine recovery
 
and wash
 
recovery
 
factors
 
were applied
 
to determine
coal reserve tonnes.
 
Coal reserve tonnes in
 
this evaluation are reported at
 
a 4.5 percent to
 
6.0 percent moisture and
represent the saleable product from the Property.
 
Pricing data
 
as provided
 
by Coronado
 
is described
 
in
Section 16.2
.
 
The pricing
 
data
 
assumes
respective HVA,
 
HVB and thermal FOB-mine prices of approximately
 
$162, $144, and $120 per
metric tonne
 
for
 
calendar year
 
2024.
 
HVA,
 
HVB, and
 
thermal prices
 
respectively decrease
 
to
approximately $161, $143, and $114 per metric tonne through year 2026, and then increase
 
to
$308, $273, and $212 per metric tonne through year 2057.
The coal resource mapping and estimation process, described in this report was
 
used as a basis
for the coal
 
reserve estimate.
 
Proven and probable
 
coal reserves were
 
derived from
 
the defined
coal
 
resource
 
considering
 
relevant
 
processing,
 
economic
 
(including
 
technical
 
estimates
 
of
capital,
 
revenue,
 
and
 
cost),
 
marketing,
 
legal,
 
environmental,
 
socio-economic,
 
and
 
regulatory
factors and are presented
 
on a moist, recoverable basis.
As is
 
customary in
 
the US, the
 
categories for
 
proven and
 
probable coal
 
reserves are
 
based on
the distances
 
from valid
 
points of measurement
 
as determined by
 
the QPs for
 
the area
 
under
consideration.
 
For this evaluation, measured resource,
 
which may convert to a proven reserve,
is based on a 0.4-kilometer radius from a valid point of observation.
Points of observation include
 
exploration drill holes, gas wells,
 
and mine measurements which
have
 
been fully
 
vetted
 
and processed
 
into a
 
geologic model.
 
The geologic
 
model is
 
based on
seam depositional
 
modeling, the interrelationship
 
of overlying
 
and underlying
 
strata
 
on seam
mineability,
 
seam
 
thickness
 
trends,
 
the
 
impact
 
of
 
seam
 
structure
 
(i.e.,
 
faulting),
 
intra-seam
characteristics, etc.
 
Once the geologic model
 
was completed, a statistical analysis, described in
Section 11.1.1
 
was conducted and a 0.4-kilometer radius from a valid
 
point of observation was
selected to define Measured Resources.
 
Likewise,
 
the
 
distance
 
between
 
0.4
 
and
 
1.2
 
of
 
a
 
kilometer
 
radius
 
was
 
selected
 
to
 
define
Indicated Resources.
 
Indicated Resources may convert
 
to Probable Reserves.
 
Inferred Resources (greater than a 1.2-kilometer radius
 
from a valid point of observation) have
been excluded from Reserve consideration.
12.2
 
Mineral Reserves
Logan reserves
 
were derived
 
from multiple
 
coal seams
 
located on
 
the Property
 
and shown
 
in
Figure 7.1
.
 
Reserves are estimated
 
for both surface and
 
underground mine methods.
 
Surface
reserves were estimated for three designated
 
mine areas: Toney Fork, Buffalo Creek South,
 
and
Sugar
 
Camp.
 
Underground
 
reserves
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
six
 
seams
 
including
 
the
 
Upper
Winifrede,
 
Lower
 
Winifrede,
 
Chilton
 
(Williamson),
 
Upper
 
Powellton,
 
Lower
 
Powellton,
 
No.
 
2
Gas-Lower
 
(Eagle)
 
and Lower
 
War
 
Eagle.
 
The 70.6
 
Mt of
 
demonstrated
 
marketable
 
reserves
are sited in the discussion below.
 
Table
 
12-2
 
shows the demonstrated tonnage
 
by Proven and
Probable category.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
41
Individual seam maps are included in
Appendix B
 
herein.
 
12.2.1
 
Surface Reserves
Surface coal reserves
 
of the Property include
 
an estimated 32.2
 
Mt.
 
Each surface mine
 
area –
Tony
 
Fork, Buffalo Creek
 
South and Sugar
 
Camp – includes coal
 
reserves from multiple
 
seams.
 
Two
 
of
 
the
 
three
 
surface
 
reserve
 
areas,
 
Toney
 
Fork
 
and
 
Buffalo
 
Creek
 
South,
 
include
 
both
permitted
 
and
 
non-permitted
 
tonnages,
 
where
 
Sugar
 
Camp
 
tonnage
 
is
 
not
 
permitted.
 
The
Property has five surface mine permits for contour and
 
highwall mining.
 
Even so, in 2023 there
was minor surface mine
 
activity on just
 
two of the
 
five surface mine permits
 
at Toney Fork Mine
No. 3 and Elk Lick.
 
12.2.1.1
 
Toney
 
Fork Surface
Toney Fork surface area is located north of Buffalo
 
Creek on the
 
north side of
 
the Property.
 
The
Toney
 
Fork
 
drainage
 
bisects
 
much
 
of
 
the
 
area
 
which
 
includes
 
contour
 
and
 
highwall
 
miner
reserve from
 
six seams.
 
The Toney
 
Fork reserve
 
includes 11.2 Mt
 
of both permitted
 
and not-
permitted
 
status.
 
There
 
is one
 
active
 
permit
 
– Toney
 
Fork
 
Mine No
 
3
 
(S-5007-09).
 
In 2023,
minimal tons were mined from this permit during the fourth quarter.
 
Mine depletion from
 
surface and underground
 
mining, seam dependent, exists
 
in all seams of
the
 
Toney
 
Fork
 
reserve
 
which
 
include
 
the
 
Upper
 
Coalburg,
 
Lower
 
Coalburg,
 
Lower
 
Dorothy,
Chilton A, Upper Winifrede and Lower Winifrede seams.
 
12.2.1.2
 
Buffalo Creek South
Buffalo Creek South
 
(Elklick) surface area
 
includes an
 
estimated 14.7 Mt
 
from projected contour
and highwall
 
mines.
 
The reserve
 
total
 
includes both
 
permitted
 
and not-permitted
 
tonnages.
 
Permitted
 
tonnages
 
are
 
estimated
 
from
 
four
 
surface
 
mine
 
permits
 
 
North
 
Fork
 
Winifrede
Contour (S-5004-17), Middle Fork Surface (S-5004-22),
 
and two at Elk
 
Lick (S-5014-10 &
 
S-5008-
22).
 
In 2023, minimal tons were mined and only at Elk Lick.
 
The highwall
 
mineable tonnage
 
is estimated
 
for six
 
seams with
 
adequate seam
 
heights which
include
 
the Lower
 
Coalburg, Lower
 
Dorothy,
 
Chilton,
 
Chilton
 
A, Buffalo
 
Creek
 
and the
 
Upper
Winifrede.
 
Contour
 
mine tonnage
 
is derived
 
from
 
the highwall
 
mine seams,
 
along with
 
four
additional
 
seams
 
with
 
acceptable
 
seam
 
thickness.
 
They
 
include
 
the
 
Lower
 
Clarion,
 
Upper
Stockton, Lower Stockton and Upper Coalburg.
 
Mine depletion to various extents exists
 
in the
Buffalo Creek South seams.
12.2.1.3
 
Sugar Camp Surface
Sugar Camp surface area
 
is a ridge above
 
Sugar Camp Branch tributary
 
of Huff Creek.
 
The Sugar
Camp reserve includes 6.2 Mt
 
with a suitable surface mine
 
strip ratio.
 
Proposed surface mining
includes reserve from 12 seams beginning
 
with the Chilton A seam
 
down to the S80 seam,
 
each
with an
 
acceptable
 
seam height.
 
The seams
 
included are
 
Chilton A,
 
Upper Winifrede,
 
Lower
Winifrede, Chilton,
 
Upper Cedar
 
Grove, Middle
 
Cedar Grove,
 
Lower Cedar
 
Grove, S132
 
seam,
S120 seam, S110 seam, S84 seam and S80 seam.
 
No mine depletion exists in
 
the seams of the
reserve on the ridge.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
42
12.2.2
 
Underground Reserves
Underground coal reserves
 
of the
 
Property include an
 
estimated 38.4 Mt
 
derived from the
 
small
above-drainage deposits in the Upper Winifrede
 
and Lower Winifrede seams along with larger
seam
 
deposits
 
of
 
the
 
deeper
 
Chilton,
 
Upper
 
Powellton,
 
Lower
 
Powellton,
 
No.
 
2
 
Gas-Lower
(Eagle) and Lower War Eagle seams.
 
Active underground mines are operating in the No. 2 Gas-
Lower and the Lower War Eagle seams.
 
12.2.2.1
 
Upper Winifrede (No 8) Seam
The Upper
 
Winifrede seam
 
included two
 
underground
 
reserves in
 
2023, the
 
permitted
 
North
Fork Winifrede
 
Mine (U-5009-19)
 
and a
 
not-permitted
 
proposed Upper
 
Winifrede mine.
 
The
North Fork
 
Winifrede Mine
 
was fully
 
depleted in
 
2023.
 
The Proposed
 
Upper Winifrede
 
seam
deposit along
 
Sugar Camp
 
Branch was
 
evaluated
 
for
 
this report.
 
On the
 
Property,
 
the Upper
Winifrede seam has been extensively mined from both surface and underground
 
mining.
12.2.2.2
 
Lower Winifrede
The
 
Lower
 
Winifrede
 
seam
 
reserve
 
includes
 
an
 
estimated
 
2.1
 
Mt
 
from
 
one
 
proposed
 
mine
situated north of
 
the Toney
 
Fork drainage.
 
The average
 
seam height for
 
the two areas
 
is 1.37
meters
 
thick.
 
On
 
the
 
Property,
 
the
 
Lower
 
Winifrede
 
seam
 
has
 
been
 
mined,
 
mainly
 
by
underground mining, immediately east of the proposed underground
 
mine area.
12.2.2.3
 
Chilton (Williamson) Seam
The Chilton seam
 
reserve includes an
 
estimated 5.4
 
Mt from two
 
proposed mine areas:
 
Camp
Branch and Elk Lick.
 
The average seam height for the
 
two areas is 1.17
 
meters and 1.06 meters,
respectively.
 
On
 
the
 
Property,
 
the
 
Chilton
 
seam
 
has
 
been
 
extensively
 
mined,
 
mainly
 
by
underground mining.
12.2.2.4
 
Upper Powellton (Upper Alma)
The
 
Powellton
 
No.
 
1
 
Mine
 
permit
 
provides
 
access
 
to
 
the
 
remaining
 
3.5
 
Mt
 
of
 
the
 
Upper
Powellton
 
reserve.
 
The
 
seam
 
has
 
an
 
average
 
thickness
 
of
 
nearly
 
1.12
 
meters.
 
The
 
mine
 
is
bound by the property extent to the northeast and
 
thin coal from a seam split
 
to the west.
 
The
south end
 
of Mine
 
No. 1
 
is mined
 
out.
 
Elsewhere,
 
no prior
 
Upper Powellton
 
seam mining
 
is
noted on the Property.
12.2.2.5
 
Lower Powellton (Lower Alma)
The Lower
 
Powellton
 
seam reserve
 
includes an
 
estimated
 
5.1 Mt
 
from a
 
proposed mine
 
area
situated north of Toney Fork.
 
In the mapped resource area, the interval to the overlying Upper
Powellton
 
seam
 
is
 
in
 
a
 
range
 
of
 
5.1
 
to
 
7.2
 
meters.
 
Therefore,
 
only
 
resources
 
(exclusive
 
of
reserves) are
 
projected below
 
the Upper
 
Powellton
 
underground
 
mine where
 
the two
 
seams
overlap.
 
The
 
Lower
 
Powellton
 
seam has
 
an
 
average
 
reserve
 
thickness of
 
0.89
 
meters
 
and
 
is
bound by property control to
 
the north, by low
 
coal to the west
 
and south and
 
from overmining
in the Upper
 
Powellton
 
seam to the
 
east.
 
No prior Lower
 
Powellton
 
seam mining is
 
noted on
the Property.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
43
12.2.2.6
 
No. 2 Gas-Lower (Eagle)
The
 
No.
 
2
 
Gas-Lower
 
seam
 
reserve
 
includes
 
an
 
estimated
 
15.2
 
Mt.
 
The
 
demonstrated
 
total
includes both permitted and not permitted
 
tonnes.
 
Two active mines
 
access the reserve – the
Eagle No. 1 / Toney
 
Fork Mine (U-5013-11) from Toney
 
Fork Drainage and the Muddy Bridge
 
1
& 2 Mine (U-5034-96, U-5035
 
-96) from Muddy Bridge
 
Branch of Huff Creek.
 
Mine boundaries
of
 
the
 
two
 
mines
 
are
 
immediately
 
adjacent
 
to
 
one
 
another
 
and
 
mine
 
plans
 
maximize
 
the
mineable area.
 
The average seam height is 1.00 meter and 1.52 meters for the Eagle No. 1 and
Muddy Bridge mines, respectively.
 
On the Property,
 
the No. 2 Gas-Lower reserve
 
is limited by
low
 
coal
 
thickness
 
to
 
the
 
east
 
and
 
seam
 
outcrop
 
along
 
large
 
drainages
 
elsewhere.
 
Previous
underground mining of the seam is mapped immediately west of the Property.
 
12.2.2.7
 
Lower War Eagle
 
The Lower War Eagle seam
 
reserve includes an
 
estimated 5.7 Mt.
 
One underground Lower War
Eagle
 
mine
 
(U-4002-99B)
 
provides
 
seam
 
access
 
from
 
the
 
portal
 
located
 
along
 
Huff
 
Creek.
 
Mapped mine depletion is from within the existing
 
mine.
 
The Lower War Eagle
 
reserve extent
is limited to the north by low coal.
 
12.3
 
Qualified Person’s Estimates
Reserve
 
tonnage
 
estimates
 
provided
 
herein
 
report
 
coal
 
reserves
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
in-situ
resource
 
tonnes
 
presented
 
in
Table
 
11-3
, and
 
not in
 
addition to
 
coal
 
resources.
 
Proven
 
and
probable
 
coal
 
reserves
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
defined
 
coal
 
resource
 
considering
 
relevant
mining, processing,
 
infrastructure, economic (including estimates
 
of capital, revenue, and
 
cost),
marketing, legal,
 
environmental, socio-economic
 
and regulatory factors.
 
The coal reserves, as
shown
 
in
Table
 
12-2
,
 
are
 
based
 
on
 
a
 
technical
 
evaluation
 
of
 
the
 
geology
 
and
 
a
 
preliminary
feasibility study of the coal deposits.
 
The extent to which the coal reserves may be affected by
any known environmental, permitting,
 
legal, title,
 
socio-economic, marketing, political,
 
or other
relevant
 
issues has
 
been reviewed
 
rigorously.
 
Similarly,
 
the extent
 
to which
 
the estimates
 
of
coal
 
reserves
 
may
 
be
 
materially
 
affected
 
by
 
mining,
 
metallurgical,
 
infrastructure
 
and
 
other
relevant
 
factors
 
has
 
also
 
been
 
considered.
 
Coal
 
reserves
 
are
 
presented
 
on
 
a
 
ROM
 
basis
 
in
Table
 
12-1.
Table 12-1:
 
Coal Summary (ROM Basis (Moist)) as of December 31, 2023 (Mt)
Demonstrated Coal Reserves (Mt, Moist ROM)
Quality (Dry)
By Reliability Category
By Mining Type
By Control Type
Area / Mine
Proved
Probable
Total
Surface
UG
Owned
Leased
Ash
Sulfur
Vol
Logan Mine Complex
104.1
30.5
134.6
37.0
97.6
0.0
134.6
49
0.9
19
In the financial analysis some
 
of the projected mines were not economically
 
viable.
 
The tonnes
projected to be mined from these locations have
 
not been included in the Reserve Base.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
44
Table 12-2:
 
Coal Reserves Summary (Marketable Sales Basis) as of December 31, 2023 (Mt)
Demonstrated Coal Reserves (Wet Ton
 
nes, Washed or Direct Shipped, MT)
Quality (Dry Basis)
By Reliability Category
By Mining Type
By Control Type
Property
Proven
Probable
Total
Surface
UG
Owned
Leased
Ash%
Sulfur%
VM%
Logan County Complex
54.9
15.7
70.6
32.2
38.4
0.0
70.6
8
0.9
35
Note: Marketable reserve tonnes are
 
reported on a moist basis, including a
 
combination of surface and inherent moisture.
 
The combination
of
 
surface
 
and
 
inherent
 
moisture
 
is
 
modeled
 
between
 
4.5
 
and
 
6-percent,
 
depending
 
upon
 
mining
 
method.
 
Actual
 
product
 
moisture
 
is
dependent upon multiple geological factors, operational
 
factors, and product contract
 
specifications and can exceed 8-percent.
 
As such, the
modeled moisture values provide a level of conservatism for reserve reporting.
The
 
results of
 
this TRS
 
define an
 
estimated
 
70.6 Mt
 
of proven
 
and probable
 
marketable
 
coal
reserves.
 
Of that
 
total, 77
 
percent are
 
proven, and
 
23 percent
 
are probable.
 
All 70.6
 
Mt are
leased
 
coal
 
reserves
 
and
 
are
 
assigned.
 
Approximately
 
62.2
 
Mt
 
of
 
reserves
 
are
 
considered
suitable for the metallurgical
 
coal market and 8.4
 
Mt are projected to be
 
sold into the thermal
coal market.
12.4
 
Qualified Person’s Opinion
The
 
estimate
 
of coal
 
reserves
 
was
 
determined
 
in accordance
 
with the
 
JORC Code
 
along with
SEC Regulation S-K 1300.
The
 
LOM
 
mining
 
plan
 
for
 
Logan
 
was
 
prepared
 
to
 
the
 
level
 
of
 
preliminary
 
feasibility.
 
Mine
projections
 
were
 
prepared,
 
and
 
timing
 
scheduled
 
to
 
match
 
production
 
with
 
coal
 
seam
characteristics.
 
Production timing
 
was carried
 
out from
 
current locations
 
to depletion
 
of the
coal
 
reserve
 
area.
 
Coal
 
reserve
 
estimates
 
could
 
be
 
materially
 
affected
 
by
 
the
 
risk
 
factors
described in
Section 22.2
.
Based on the
 
Preliminary Feasibility Study and
 
the attendant Economic Review, the QPs believe
this is a fair and accurate calculation of the Logan coal reserves.
13
Mining Methods
Ten underground and three surface mining
 
areas were modeled
 
and tested economically.
 
Once
the
 
Resources
 
were
 
calculated,
 
mine
 
plans
 
were
 
created
 
to
 
project
 
operating
 
each
 
resource
area to
 
depletion, with
 
crews and
 
equipment scheduled
 
to move
 
to subsequent
 
mining areas
as
 
depletion
 
occurs.
 
Underground
 
mine
 
operations
 
are
 
projected
 
to
 
be
 
exhausted
 
in
 
2044,
surface mines deplete in 2055 and the highwall miners finish in 2057.
13.1
 
Geotech and Hydrology
Mining plans for potential underground mines
 
were developed by Coronado and MM&A.
 
Pillar
stability was tested by MM&A
 
using the
Analysis of Coal
 
Pillar Stability (ACPS)
 
program that was
developed
 
by
 
the
National
 
Institute
 
for
 
Occupational
 
Safety
 
and
 
Health
 
(
NIOSH
)
.
 
MM&A
reviewed the results from the
 
ACPS and ALPS
 
analysis and considered
 
them in the
 
development
of the LOM plan.
For the HWM operation, Mining cuts are approximately 2.9 meters
 
wide, and cuts are typically
laid out on approximately 5.03-meter centers.
 
A 2.1-meter to 2.4-meter solid
 
coal fender is left
in
 
place
 
between
 
cuts.
 
The
 
mining
 
plan
 
provides
 
that
 
larger
 
barrier
 
pillars
 
be
 
provided
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
45
periodically,
 
depending
 
on
 
overburden
 
depth
 
and
 
characteristics
 
and
 
the
 
immediate
 
roof
composition, typically after 15 to
 
20 cuts.
 
Although this plan,
 
with minor variations, is common
throughout Appalachia, specific rock and coal strength information is used to verify whether or
not this plan provided a sufficient factor of safety.
Hydrology
 
has not
 
been an
 
issue of
 
concern at
 
Logan.
 
Based on
 
numerous site
 
visits to
 
both
the surface and underground portions of the Property by the QPs, it has been determined that
this is not a significant concern.
 
Mining of future reserves
 
is projected to occur
 
in areas which
exhibit similar hydrogeological characteristics
 
as those formerly mined areas.
13.2
 
Production Rates
Operations at Logan by
 
Coronado and its
 
predecessors have been on-going
 
for many years.
 
The
mine plan
 
and productivity
 
expectations reflect
 
historical performance
 
and efforts
 
have been
made to adjust the plan to
 
reflect future conditions.
 
MM&A is confident that
 
the mine plan is
reasonably
 
representative
 
to
 
provide
 
an
 
accurate
 
estimation
 
of
 
coal
 
reserves.
 
Mine
development and operation have not been optimized
 
within the TRS.
Carlson
 
Mining
 
software
 
was
 
used
 
by
 
MM&A
 
to
 
generate
 
mine
 
plans
 
for
 
the
 
mineable
 
coal
seams.
 
Mine plans
 
were
 
sequenced based
 
on productivity
 
schedules provided
 
by Coronado,
which were
 
based on
 
historically achieved
 
productivity levels.
 
All production
 
forecasting
 
ties
assumed production rates
 
to geological models as
 
constructed by MM&A’s
 
team of geologists
and mining engineers.
The projected
 
underground mines
 
are set
 
up similarly to
 
the four
 
currently active
 
operations.
 
Each mine is
 
scheduled to operate one
 
to three production sections.
 
All sections are
 
configured
as full supersections with two
 
continuous miners per section.
 
In all cases, mines are
 
forecasted
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
two
 
or
 
three
 
shifts
 
each
 
day.
 
In
 
most
 
cases
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
maintenance and belt and
 
power moves.
 
Production is scheduled Monday
 
through Friday each
week, and every other Saturday.
Three
 
surface
 
resource
 
areas were
 
modeled.
 
Mining operations
 
are projected
 
to utilize
 
area
mining
 
as
 
well
 
as
 
contour
 
mining
 
(
CTR
)
 
methods
 
with
 
an
 
emphasis
 
on
 
creating
 
highwall
 
for
highwall mining activity.
 
The
 
models assume
 
that the
 
operations
 
will
 
work two,
 
10-hour production
 
shifts, 5
 
days
 
per
week plus every other Saturday,
 
with sufficient staffing to float vacation
 
during the year.
 
Coals from the
 
surface operations are
 
hauled to
 
the loadout
 
for direct ship
 
or to the
 
preparation
plant for washing ultimately to be blended to shipment’s specifications.
 
Saleable product from
the surface
 
operations
 
is projected
 
to be
 
sold primary
 
into the
 
thermal coal
 
market
 
on a
 
raw
basis; however,
 
some production is planned to be washed for the metallurgical coal market.
 
The
 
three
 
areas
 
planned
 
for
 
highwall
 
mining
 
are
 
assumed
 
to
 
be
 
mined
 
by
 
a
 
contractor;
therefore,
 
the contractor
 
costs
 
included in
 
the financial
 
model assume
 
that the
 
contractor
 
is
responsible for staffing those operations
 
along with providing necessary equipment capital.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
46
Spoil for
 
final highwall
 
reclamation
 
is expected
 
to come
 
from
 
strategic
 
placement of
 
spoil on
pre-existing
 
benches
 
by
 
haul
 
trucks
 
such
 
that
 
they
 
are
 
within
 
the
 
push
 
distance
 
of
 
the
reclamation dozer.
 
13.3
 
Mining Related Requirements
13.3.1
 
Underground
A mine plan with sequenced mining projections was prepared for each logical mining unit.
 
For
each mine plan, the
 
appropriate number of
 
production units is selected
 
for the resource
 
area,
and a productivity level
 
assigned, expressed in
 
meters of advance
 
per unit-shift of production.
 
The
 
productivity
 
is
 
based
 
on
 
the
 
equipment
 
and
 
personnel
 
configuration,
 
mining
 
height
 
and
expected physical conditions.
At the underground mines, ventilation fans are installed to provide a sufficient volume of air to
ventilate production sections, coal
 
haulage and transport
 
entries, battery charging
 
stations, and
transformers
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
approved
 
plans.
 
High-voltage
 
cables
 
deliver
 
power
throughout the mine where transformers reduce voltage for specific equipment requirements.
 
The Mine
 
Improvement and
 
New Emergency
 
Response Act
 
of 2006
 
(
MINER Act
) requires
 
that
carbon monoxide detection systems be installed along mine conveyor belts and that electronic
two-way
 
tracking
 
and
 
communications
 
systems
 
be
 
installed
 
throughout
 
underground
 
mines.
 
Water is
 
required to control
 
dust at production
 
sections and along conveyor
 
belts, and to cool
electric motors.
 
Water
 
is available
 
from nearby sources
 
and is distributed
 
within the mine
 
by
pipelines as required.
 
13.3.2
 
Surface Mine
A mine plan with sequenced mining projections was prepared for each logical mining unit.
 
The
mobile
 
equipment
 
spreads
 
selected
 
are
 
representative
 
of
 
Coronado’s
 
equipment
 
fleets
 
and
deemed to be appropriate for the local mining conditions.
13.3.3
 
HWM
Contract
 
HWM units
 
are available
 
for assignment
 
to contour
 
surface mining
 
pits in
 
the Logan
County Division.
 
HWM substantially increases coal recovery from contour mining benches and
is ideally suited
 
for coal resource areas characterized by
 
thin coal seams
 
and irregular or
 
narrow
boundaries that
 
are
 
not well-suited
 
for
 
underground
 
mining.
 
The
 
contour
 
mining bench
 
will
extend
 
into
 
the
 
highwall
 
to
 
the
 
maximum
 
overburden
 
stripping
 
ratio
 
that
 
is
 
economically
feasible or the minimum bench requirement for operation
 
of the HWM unit.
 
13.4
 
Required Equipment and Personnel
13.4.1
 
Underground Mines
13.4.1.1
 
Powellton No. 1
The Powellton No. 1 Mine was
 
in the process of being rehabilitated
 
as of December 2023.
 
It is
scheduled to
 
resume full
 
production with
 
one continuous
 
mine section
 
in the
 
first
 
quarter of
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
47
2024.
 
The Upper Powellton seam is accessed via
 
a shallow slope and crop.
 
This mine produces
metallurgical coal from leased mineral.
Production is scheduled for approximately 242 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday through Friday.
 
On each day,
 
the production section is
 
scheduled to produce coal
 
on
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
 
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
moves.
 
The production section
 
is configured as
 
a full
 
super section
 
with two
 
continuous miners.
 
Productivity
 
is planned
 
at
 
an average
 
rate
 
of 67.3
 
meters
 
of advance
 
and retreat
 
per shift
 
of
operation.
 
A total of 59 employees are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four
 
shuttle
cars,
 
and two
 
scoops.
 
Coal is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the production
 
face
 
with the
 
continuous miner
and hauled
 
to the
 
mine conveyor
 
in shuttle
 
cars.
 
At the
 
conveyor
 
belt, the
 
coal is
 
discharged
from the shuttle
 
cars onto a
 
feeder breaker for transfer onto the
 
conveyor.
 
The conveyors carry
the coal to the outside, where
 
it is transported via overland
 
conveyor to
 
the preparation plant
and load-out.
 
The Powellton
 
No. 1 Mine
 
was in the
 
process of being
 
rehabilitated as
 
of December 2023
 
and
all
 
necessary
 
infrastructure
 
and
 
utilities
 
remain
 
in
 
place.
 
All
 
necessary
 
permits
 
have
 
been
obtained.
 
Estimated expenditures for site closure and reclamation are included in the financial
model for
 
this site.
 
Expected annual
 
production averages
 
approximately
 
208,000 marketable
tonnes.
 
The mine is scheduled to terminate during 2040.
13.4.1.2
 
Lower War Eagle
The Lower War Eagle Mine is
 
active with three production
 
sections.
 
The Lower War Eagle seam
is accessed via an existing
 
slope.
 
This mine is a metallurgical
 
coal operation with all
 
remaining
production on leased mineral property.
Production is scheduled for approximately 242 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday through Friday.
 
On each day, three production sections are scheduled
 
to produce coal
on two
 
shifts; the
 
third shift
 
is reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and mine
 
conveyor
 
belt and
 
power
moves.
 
The sections are configured as super sections with
 
two continuous miners available for
production.
 
Productivity is planned at the rate
 
of 75.6 meters of advance and retreat
 
per shift
of operation.
 
A total of 150 employees are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four
 
shuttle
cars,
 
and two
 
scoops
 
for
 
each operating
 
section.
 
Coal is
 
extracted
 
from the
 
production
 
face
with the
 
continuous miner
 
and hauled
 
to the
 
mine conveyor
 
in shuttle
 
cars.
 
At the
 
conveyor
belt, the
 
coal
 
is discharged
 
from
 
the shuttle
 
cars
 
onto
 
a feeder
 
breaker
 
for
 
transfer
 
onto
 
the
conveyor.
 
The
 
conveyors
 
carry
 
the
 
coal
 
outside,
 
where
 
it
 
is
 
transported
 
to
 
the
 
preparation
plant and load-out via overland conveyor.
 
The Lower War
 
Eagle Mine is an operating
 
facility; all necessary infrastructure
 
and utilities are
in place.
 
All necessary
 
permits have
 
been obtained.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
site closure
and reclamation
 
are included
 
in the financial
 
model for
 
this site.
 
Expected annual production
averages
 
approximately
 
617,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes.
 
The
 
mine
 
is
 
scheduled
 
to
 
terminate
during 2033.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
48
13.4.1.3
 
Eagle No. 1/Toney
 
Fork #1
The Eagle No. 1
 
(Toney Fork #1) Mine is an
 
active mine in
 
the Eagle (No. 2
 
Gas Lower) seam with
three
 
production
 
sections.
 
This
 
mine
 
is
 
a
 
metallurgical
 
coal
 
operation
 
on
 
leased
 
mineral
property and is accessed via drift entries from the outcrop.
Production is scheduled for approximately 242 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday through Friday.
 
On each day, three production sections are scheduled
 
to produce coal
on two
 
shifts; the
 
third shift
 
is reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and mine
 
conveyor
 
belt and
 
power
moves.
 
All sections
 
are full
 
super sections
 
with two
 
continuous miners per
 
section.
 
Productivity
is planned at the rate of 73.5 meters of advance per shift (87.5 meters of retreat)
 
for the super
sections.
 
A total of 176 employees are assigned to the mine.
The
 
principal
 
production
 
equipment
 
per
 
section
 
includes
 
two
 
continuous
 
miners,
 
two
 
roof
bolters, four shuttle cars,
 
and two scoops.
 
Coal is extracted from the production face
 
with the
continuous miner
 
and hauled
 
to the
 
mine conveyor
 
in shuttle
 
cars.
 
At the
 
conveyor
 
belt, the
coal is
 
discharged onto
 
a feeder
 
breaker
 
for transfer
 
onto the
 
conveyor.
 
The conveyors
 
carry
the coal outside, where it is
 
stacked on the ground
 
to await truck transport
 
to the preparation
plant and load-out.
The
 
Eagle
 
No.
 
1
 
Mine
 
is
 
an
 
operating
 
facility;
 
all
 
necessary
 
infrastructure
 
and
 
utilities
 
are
 
in
place.
 
All necessary permits have been obtained; the underground footprint area expansion
 
is
pending
 
final
 
approval.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
mine
 
closure
 
and
 
site
 
reclamation
 
are
included in the financial model.
Expected annual production averages approximately
 
684,000 marketable tonnes.
The mine is scheduled to terminate during 2040.
 
13.4.1.4
 
Muddy Bridge
The Muddy Bridge
 
Mine is an
 
active mine in
 
the Eagle (No.
 
2 Gas Lower)
 
seam.
 
This mine is a
metallurgical
 
coal operation
 
on leased
 
mineral property
 
and is
 
accessed via
 
drift entries
 
from
the outcrop.
Production is scheduled for approximately 242 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday through Friday.
 
On each day,
 
two production sections are
 
scheduled to produce coal
on two
 
shifts; the
 
third shift
 
is reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and mine
 
conveyor
 
belt and
 
power
moves.
 
The sections are configured as
 
full super sections with
 
two continuous miners available
for production
 
on each section.
 
Productivity is planned
 
at the rate
 
of 72.3 meters
 
of advance
and retreat per shift of operation.
 
A total of 122 employees are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four
 
shuttle
cars,
 
and two
 
scoops
 
for
 
each operating
 
section.
 
Coal is
 
extracted
 
from the
 
production
 
face
with the continuous
 
miner and hauled to
 
the mine conveyor
 
via shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor
belt, the coal
 
is discharged from
 
the haulage units onto
 
a feeder breaker
 
for transfer
 
onto the
conveyor.
 
The conveyors
 
carry the
 
coal to
 
the outside,
 
where
 
it is
 
stacked
 
on the
 
ground to
await truck transport
 
to the Lower
 
War Eagle
 
mine for placement
 
onto the overland
 
conveyor
leading to the preparation plant and load-out.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
49
The Muddy Bridge
 
Mine is an operating
 
facility; all necessary
 
infrastructure and
 
utilities are in
place.
 
All necessary permits have been obtained.
 
Coal mining permits are routinely obtained.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
mine
 
closure
 
and
 
site
 
reclamation
 
are
 
included
 
in
 
the
 
financial
model.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
691,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
state production levels.
The mine is scheduled to terminate during 2028.
13.4.1.5
 
Elklick Chilton
The proposed Elklick Chilton Mine is scheduled to begin production in 2028.
 
The Chilton seam
is
 
accessed
 
via
 
drift
 
entry.
 
The
 
seam
 
is
 
above
 
drainage.
 
This
 
mine
 
is
 
projected
 
to
 
be
 
a
metallurgical coal operation on leased mineral
 
property.
 
Production is scheduled for approximately 265 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
one
 
production
 
section
 
is
scheduled to produce
 
coal on two
 
shifts; the third
 
shift is reserved
 
for maintenance
 
and mine
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
The
 
section
 
is
 
configured
 
as
 
a
 
full
 
super
 
section
 
with
 
two
continuous miners
 
available for
 
production on the section.
 
Productivity is planned at
 
the rate
of
 
73.2
 
meters
 
of
 
advance
 
(109.8
 
meters
 
of
 
retreat)
 
per
 
shift
 
of
 
operation.
 
A
 
total
 
of
 
59
employees are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four
 
shuttle
cars,
 
and two
 
scoops.
 
Coal is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the production
 
face
 
with the
 
continuous miner
and hauled to the
 
mine conveyor
 
via shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor
 
belt, the coal is
 
discharged
from the
 
haulage units
 
onto a
 
feeder
 
breaker
 
for transfer
 
onto the
 
conveyor.
 
The conveyors
carry
 
the
 
coal
 
outside,
 
where
 
it
 
is
 
stacked
 
on
 
the
 
ground
 
to
 
await
 
truck
 
transport
 
to
 
the
preparation plant and load-out.
 
The Elklick Chilton mine is a permitted mine with
 
surface infrastructure in place.
 
The proposed
mine
 
is
 
located
 
in
 
an
 
area
 
with
 
a
 
long
 
history
 
of
 
coal
 
mining,
 
with
 
numerous
 
permitted
operations
 
in close
 
proximity.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
mine closure
 
and site
 
reclamation
are included in the financial model.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
301,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
state production levels.
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2028 and terminate during 2040.
13.4.1.6
 
Camp Branch Chilton
The Camp Branch Chilton Mine is proposed mine
 
in the Chilton seam which is
 
accessed via drift
entry
 
from
 
the
 
outcrop
 
and
 
is
 
scheduled
 
to
 
begin
 
production
 
in
 
2027.
 
This
 
mine
 
is
 
a
metallurgical coal operation on leased mineral
 
property.
Production is scheduled for approximately 265 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
one
 
production
 
section
 
is
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
50
scheduled to produce
 
coal on two
 
shifts; the third
 
shift is reserved
 
for maintenance
 
and mine
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
The
 
section
 
is
 
configured
 
as
 
a
 
full
 
super
 
section
 
with
 
two
continuous miners
 
available for
 
production on the section.
 
Productivity is planned at
 
the rate
of
 
73.2
 
meters
 
of
 
advance
 
(109.8
 
meters
 
of
 
retreat)
 
per
 
shift
 
of
 
operation.
 
A
 
total
 
of
 
59
employees are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four
 
shuttle
cars,
 
and two
 
scoops.
 
Coal is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the production
 
face
 
with the
 
continuous miner
and hauled to the
 
mine conveyor
 
via shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor
 
belt, the coal is
 
discharged
from the
 
haulage units
 
onto a
 
feeder
 
breaker
 
for transfer
 
onto the
 
conveyor.
 
The conveyors
carry
 
the
 
coal
 
outside,
 
where
 
it
 
is
 
stacked
 
on
 
the
 
ground
 
to
 
await
 
truck
 
transport
 
to
 
the
preparation plant and load-out.
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
starting
 
date
 
for
 
the
 
Camp
 
Branch
 
Chilton
 
Mine,
 
no
 
detailed
 
design
 
of
infrastructure
 
or surface
 
facilities has
 
been completed
 
to date.
 
The proposed
 
mine is located
in the Appalachian Basin,
 
which has an
 
extensive history
 
(>100 years) of
 
coal mining.
 
There is
a sufficient population base
 
within commuting distance of
 
the proposed operation; no Camp or
Town
 
construction will be required.
 
Estimated mine access and utility capital expenditures are
included in the financial model for the mine.
The proposed
 
Camp Branch
 
Chilton Mine
 
has an
 
existing permit.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures for
mine closure and site reclamation are included in the financial model.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
321,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
state production levels.
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2027 and terminate during 2032.
13.4.1.7
 
Lower Winifrede
The Lower Winifrede Mine
 
is a proposed mine
 
in the Lower Winifrede
 
seam which is accessed
via drift
 
entry from
 
the outcrop
 
and is
 
scheduled to
 
begin production
 
in 2033.
 
This mine
 
is a
metallurgical coal operation on leased mineral
 
property.
Production is scheduled for approximately 242 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday through Friday.
 
On each day,
 
two production sections are
 
scheduled to produce coal
on two
 
shifts; the
 
third shift
 
is reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and mine
 
conveyor
 
belt and
 
power
moves.
 
The sections are configured as
 
full super sections with
 
two continuous miners available
for production
 
on each section.
 
Productivity is planned
 
at the rate
 
of 64.0 meters
 
of advance
per shift of operation.
 
A total of 122 employees are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four
 
shuttle
cars,
 
and
 
two
 
scoops
 
for
 
each
 
section.
 
Coal
 
is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the
 
production
 
face
 
with
 
the
continuous miner and
 
hauled to the mine
 
conveyor via
 
shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor
 
belt, the
coal is discharged from the haulage units onto a feeder breaker for transfer onto the conveyor.
 
The conveyors carry the coal outside,
 
where it is stacked on
 
the ground to await truck
 
transport
to the preparation plant and load-out.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
51
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
starting
 
date
 
for
 
the
 
Lower
 
Winifrede
 
Mine,
 
no
 
detailed
 
design
 
of
infrastructure
 
or surface
 
facilities has
 
been completed
 
to date.
 
The proposed
 
mine is located
in the Appalachian Basin,
 
which has an
 
extensive history
 
(>100 years) of
 
coal mining.
 
There is
a sufficient population base
 
within commuting distance of
 
the proposed operation; no Camp or
Town
 
construction will be required.
 
Estimated mine access and utility capital expenditures are
included in the financial model for the mine.
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2033 and terminate during 2038.
13.4.1.8
 
Upper Winifrede
The
 
proposed
 
Upper
 
Winifrede
 
Mine
 
is
 
scheduled
 
to
 
begin
 
production
 
in
 
2036.
 
The
 
Upper
Winifrede seam is accessed via
 
a proposed drift along the
 
outcrop.
 
This mine is projected to be
a metallurgical coal operation on leased mineral property.
Production is scheduled for approximately 265 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
one
 
production
 
section
 
is
scheduled to produce
 
coal on two
 
shifts; the third
 
shift is reserved
 
for maintenance
 
and mine
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
The
 
section
 
is
 
configured
 
as
 
a
 
full
 
super
 
section
 
with
 
two
continuous miners
 
available for
 
production on the section.
 
Productivity is planned at
 
the rate
of 73.2 meters
 
of advance per
 
shift of operation
 
.
 
A total
 
of 59 employees
 
are assigned to
 
the
mine.
Principal production equipment includes two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four
 
shuttle
cars,
 
and two
 
scoops.
 
Coal is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the production
 
face
 
with the
 
continuous miner
and hauled
 
to the
 
mine conveyor
 
in shuttle
 
cars.
 
At the
 
conveyor
 
belt, the
 
coal is
 
discharged
from the shuttle
 
cars onto a
 
feeder breaker for transfer onto the
 
conveyor.
 
The conveyors carry
the coal outside, where it is
 
stacked on the ground
 
to await truck transport
 
to the preparation
plant and load-out.
 
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
starting
 
date
 
for
 
the
 
Upper
 
Winifrede
 
Mine,
 
no
 
detailed
 
design
 
of
infrastructure
 
or surface
 
facilities has
 
been completed
 
to date.
 
The proposed
 
mine is located
in the Appalachian Basin,
 
which has an
 
extensive history
 
(>100 years) of
 
coal mining.
 
There is
a sufficient population base
 
within commuting distance of
 
the proposed operation; no Camp or
Town
 
construction will be required.
 
Estimated mine access and utility capital expenditures are
included in the financial model for the mine.
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
start-up
 
date
 
of
 
the
 
Upper
 
Winifrede
 
Mine,
 
no
 
permit
 
work
 
has
 
been
completed to date.
 
The proposed mine is located in an area with a long history of coal mining,
with
 
numerous
 
permitted
 
operations
 
in
 
close
 
proximity.
 
Coal
 
mining
 
permits
 
are
 
routinely
obtained.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
mine closure
 
and
 
site
 
reclamation
 
are
 
included in
 
the
financial model for each mine or plant site.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
464,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
state levels.
 
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2036 and terminate during 2039.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
52
13.4.1.9
 
Lower Powellton
The
 
proposed
 
Lower
 
Powellton
 
Mine
 
is
 
scheduled
 
to
 
begin
 
production
 
in
 
2032.
 
The
 
Lower
Powellton
 
seam is
 
accessed via
 
a proposed
 
drift along
 
the outcrop.
 
This mine
 
is projected
 
to
be a metallurgical coal operation on leased mineral property.
Production is scheduled for approximately 265 days each
 
year, which represents production on
Monday through
 
Friday plus every
 
other Saturday.
 
On each day,
 
two production
 
sections are
scheduled to produce
 
coal on two
 
shifts; the third
 
shift is reserved
 
for maintenance
 
and mine
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
Both
 
sections
 
are
 
configured
 
as
 
a
 
super
 
section
 
with
 
two
continuous miners per section available for production.
 
Productivity is planned at 73.2 meters
of advance
 
per shift
 
(85.4 meters
 
of retreat
 
per shift).
 
A total
 
of 122
 
employees are
 
assigned
to the mine during steady state production.
Principal production equipment per
 
section includes two continuous
 
miners, two roof
 
bolters,
four
 
shuttle
 
cars,
 
and
 
one
 
scoop.
 
Coal
 
is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the
 
production
 
face
 
with
 
the
continuous miner
 
and hauled
 
to the
 
mine conveyor
 
in shuttle
 
cars.
 
At the
 
conveyor
 
belt, the
coal is discharged
 
from the
 
shuttle cars
 
onto a feeder
 
breaker for
 
transfer onto
 
the conveyor.
 
The conveyors carry the coal outside,
 
where it is stacked on
 
the ground to await truck
 
transport
to the preparation plant and load-out.
 
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
starting
 
date
 
for
 
the
 
Lower
 
Powellton
 
Mine,
 
no
 
detailed
 
design
 
of
infrastructure
 
or surface
 
facilities has
 
been completed
 
to date.
 
The proposed
 
mine is located
in the Appalachian Basin,
 
which has an
 
extensive history
 
(>100 years) of
 
coal mining.
 
There is
a sufficient population base
 
within commuting distance of
 
the proposed operation; no Camp or
Town
 
construction will be required.
 
Estimated mine access and utility capital expenditures are
included in the financial model for the mine.
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
start-up
 
date
 
of
 
the
 
Lower
 
Powellton
 
Mine,
 
no
 
permit
 
work
 
has
 
been
completed to date.
 
The proposed mine is located in an area with a long history of coal mining,
with
 
numerous
 
permitted
 
operations
 
in
 
close
 
proximity.
 
Coal
 
mining
 
permits
 
are
 
routinely
obtained.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
mine closure
 
and
 
site
 
reclamation
 
are
 
included in
 
the
financial model for each mine or plant site.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
501,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
state levels.
 
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2032 and terminate during 2042.
13.4.2
 
Surface Mines and Highwall Miners
Three
 
surface
 
resource
 
areas were
 
modeled.
 
Mining operations
 
are projected
 
to utilize
 
area
mining
 
as
 
well
 
as
 
contour
 
mining
 
(
CTR
)
 
methods
 
with
 
an
 
emphasis
 
on
 
creating
 
highwall
 
for
highwall
 
mining
 
activity.
 
The
 
projected
 
operations
 
will
 
employ
 
a
 
recently
 
acquired
 
Komatsu
PC2000
 
hydraulic
 
backhoe
 
and
 
a
 
Caterpillar
 
993K
 
front-end
 
loader
 
capable
 
of
 
a
 
combined
production
 
rate
 
of
 
approximately
 
1,162
 
bank
 
cubic
 
meters
 
per
 
hour
 
(
bcm/hr
)
 
with
supplemental assistance of 6 dozers that can generate approximately an additional 700
 
bcm/hr
providing their
 
spoil placement
 
does not
 
interfere
 
with planned
 
highwall mining
 
activity.
 
The
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
53
front-end loader is
 
not expected to
 
contribute to production
 
until late 2024.
 
Dozer contribution
is expected to be limited to contours that have
 
lower benches available for placement of spoil.
 
To
 
encourage its usage, contour and highwall mining activity is generally expected to be mined
from
 
lower
 
to
 
upper
 
seams.
 
Larger
 
area
 
mining
 
boundaries
 
offer
 
greater
 
opportunities
 
for
dozers
 
to
 
contribute
 
to
 
production.
 
Since
 
the
 
majority
 
of
 
the
 
mining
 
boundaries
 
during
 
the
initial
 
budget
 
years
 
are
 
primarily
 
contours,
 
dozers
 
will
 
supplement
 
production
 
on
 
a
 
periodic
basis.
 
They,
 
however,
 
will
 
likely
 
also
 
be
 
used
 
to
 
help
 
feed
 
loading
 
machines
 
and
 
reclaim
highwalls
 
when
 
not
 
directly
 
contributing
 
to
 
production.
 
The
 
potential
 
production
 
level
 
of
combined machines is
 
not projected to be
 
achieved until 2025.
 
Sufficient reserves allow mining
to continue to the year 2055.
 
The
 
models assume
 
that the
 
operations
 
will
 
work two,
 
10-hour production
 
shifts, 5
 
days
 
per
week
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday,
 
with
 
sufficient
 
staffing
 
to
 
float
 
vacation
 
during
 
the
 
year.
 
A
total of 86 employees are assumed for
 
the surface mines at full production.
 
It is assumed that
most of the spoil movement goes through a shovel or loader bucket and is eventually returned
to the pit for final reclamation.
 
The dozer’s primary responsibility is cutting the initial benches
for the drill and shaping the reclaimed contour highwall.
 
All highwall mining is assumed to
 
be performed by a contractor
 
.
 
The contractor is responsible
for staffing
 
those operations
 
along with providing
 
necessary equipment capital.
 
One highwall
miner will be used
 
until 2028 then
 
an additional highwall miner
 
will be introduced
 
in 2029.
 
In
2044,
 
a
 
third
 
highwall
 
miner
 
will
 
be
 
introduced
 
to
 
keep
 
the
 
miners
 
in
 
close
 
proximity
 
to
 
the
surface mining activity.
Spoil for
 
final highwall
 
reclamation
 
is expected
 
to come
 
from
 
strategic
 
placement of
 
spoil on
pre-existing
 
benches
 
by
 
haul
 
trucks
 
such
 
that
 
they
 
are
 
within
 
the
 
push
 
distance
 
of
 
the
reclamation dozer.
 
13.4.2.1
 
Toney
 
Fork
Toney
 
Fork surface
 
mining operations
 
are projected
 
to be
 
completed
 
in 2055,
 
with emphasis
placed
 
on
 
preparing
 
space
 
for
 
HWM
 
operations.
 
Expected
 
production
 
for
 
the
 
operations
averages approximately
 
234,000 marketable tonnes annually.
The Toney
 
Fork HWM
 
is projected
 
to be
 
completed
 
in 2056
 
and mines
 
an additional
 
176,000
marketable tonnes annually at steady
 
state levels.
13.4.2.2
 
Buffalo Creek South
The
 
Buffalo
 
Creek
 
South
 
surface
 
and/or
 
HWM
 
mining
 
operations
 
are
 
projected
 
to
 
operate
between
 
2024
 
and
 
2055,
 
with
 
emphasis
 
placed
 
on
 
preparing
 
space
 
for
 
HWM
 
operations.
 
Expected
 
surface
 
production
 
for
 
the
 
operations
 
totals
 
approximately
 
245,000
 
marketable
tonnes
 
annually at
 
steady state
 
levels.
 
The Buffalo
 
Creek HWM
 
mines an
 
additional 212,000
marketable tonnes annually at steady state
 
levels.
13.4.2.3
 
Sugar Camp
Sugar Camp surface mining operations are projected to
 
be mined from 2029
 
to 2055.
 
Expected
production for the operations averages
 
approximately 189,000 marketable
 
tonnes annually.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
54
The Sugar Camp HWM operates from 2029 to
 
2056 and mines an
 
additional 47,000 marketable
tonnes per year.
As shown in
Tables 13-1 through 13-3
, the areas planned for underground production continue
until 2044, whereas
 
surface and auger/HWM
 
production is projected
 
to finish in
 
2055 and
 
2057,
respectively.
 
Clean
 
coal
 
production
 
varies
 
directly
 
with
 
coal
 
thickness
 
in
 
the
 
case
 
of
 
the
underground mines, and overburden removal for
 
the surface mines.
Table 13-1:
 
Underground Summary of Production by Year (Tonnes
 
x 1,000)
Mine Name
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
Camp Br Chilton
0
0
0
0
0
38
361
366
Ramaco N2G
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
665
682
647
669
619
774
679
556
Elk Lick Chilton
0
0
0
0
0
227
252
275
Lower Powellton
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Lower War Eagle
453
467
483
464
492
630
664
687
Powellton No. 1
151
171
165
165
158
230
232
231
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
636
575
581
518
403
0
0
0
Lower Winifrede
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Upper Winifrede
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
1,905
1,895
1,876
1,817
1,673
1,900
2,188
2,114
Mine Name
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
Camp Br Chilton
324
283
235
0
0
0
0
0
Ramaco N2G
0
0
0
0
0
0
76
274
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
773
713
674
611
645
636
676
580
Elk Lick Chilton
285
277
292
247
298
346
360
313
Lower Powellton
0
0
101
466
508
496
504
507
Lower War Eagle
678
711
0
0
0
0
0
0
Powellton No. 1
232
231
227
214
219
216
214
210
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Lower Winifrede
0
396
545
491
266
247
146
0
Upper Winifrede
0
0
0
0
412
567
361
98
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
2,292
2,612
2,075
2,030
2,349
2,509
2,337
1,982
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
55
Mine Name
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
Camp Br Chilton
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ramaco N2G
291
265
268
271
74
0
0
0
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
359
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elk Lick Chilton
319
317
0
0
0
0
0
0
Lower Powellton
508
507
510
704
284
0
0
0
Lower War Eagle
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Powellton No. 1
209
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Lower Winifrede
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Upper Winifrede
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
1,687
1,089
777
975
358
0
0
0
Table 13-2:
 
Surface Summary of Production by Year (Tonnes
 
x 1,000)
Mine Name
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
Toney Fork Surf
0
0
0
0
0
233
233
233
Buffalo Cr South Area
470
593
625
591
725
174
174
174
Sugar Camp Area 1
0
0
0
0
0
188
188
188
 
Total
470
593
625
591
725
595
595
595
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
Toney Fork Surf
233
233
233
240
239
239
238
239
Buffalo Cr South Area
174
174
174
174
178
178
178
177
Sugar Camp Area 1
188
188
188
193
192
192
191
192
 
Total
595
595
595
607
609
609
607
608
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
Toney Fork Surf
239
239
239
239
238
239
239
240
Buffalo Cr South Area
178
178
178
178
178
177
178
178
Sugar Camp Area 1
192
192
192
192
191
192
192
193
 
Total
609
609
609
609
607
608
609
611
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
Toney Fork Surf
239
238
238
240
239
239
164
208
Buffalo Cr South Area
178
178
177
177
178
178
178
73
Sugar Camp Area 1
192
191
191
193
192
192
134
7
 
Total
609
607
607
610
609
609
476
288
Table 13-3:
 
Highwall Summary of Production by Year (Tonnes
 
x 1,000)
Mine Name
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
Toney Fork HWM
0
0
0
0
0
138
138
138
Buffalo Cr South HWM
168
208
201
119
0
179
179
179
Sugar Camp HWM
0
0
0
0
0
37
37
37
 
Total
168
208
201
119
0
355
355
355
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
Toney Fork HWM
138
138
138
142
142
142
141
142
Buffalo Cr South HWM
179
179
179
179
184
184
184
183
Sugar Camp HWM
37
37
37
37
38
38
38
38
 
Total
355
355
355
359
365
364
363
363
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
56
Mine Name
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
Toney Fork HWM
142
142
213
213
212
213
213
214
Buffalo Cr South HWM
184
184
184
270
270
269
270
270
Sugar Camp HWM
38
38
38
57
57
57
57
57
 
Total
364
364
435
540
539
539
540
541
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
Toney Fork HWM
213
212
212
214
213
213
213
193
Buffalo Cr South HWM
271
270
269
269
271
270
270
270
Sugar Camp HWM
58
57
57
57
58
57
57
57
 
Total
541
539
538
540
541
540
540
521
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
Toney Fork HWM
138
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Buffalo Cr South HWM
247
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sugar Camp HWM
52
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
437
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
Processing and Recovery Methods
14.1
 
Description or Flowsheet
The
 
Logan
 
County
 
Division includes
 
the
 
Saunders Preparation
 
Plant
 
in addition
 
to the
 
mines.
 
The
 
plant
 
site
 
includes
 
raw
 
coal
 
storage,
 
clean
 
coal
 
storage,
 
a
 
railroad
 
loadout,
 
and
 
refuse
disposal
 
area.
 
The
 
plant
 
has
 
a
 
feed
 
rate
 
capacity
 
of
 
1,088
 
raw
 
tonnes
 
per
 
hour.
 
Primary
separation
 
equipment
 
includes
 
a
 
heavy
 
media
 
vessel,
 
heavy
 
media
 
cyclones,
 
classifying
cyclones,
 
spirals,
 
flotation
 
cells,
 
and
 
column
 
flotation,
 
supported
 
by
 
the
 
requisite
 
screens,
centrifuges,
 
vacuum
 
filters,
 
sumps, pumps,
 
and distribution
 
systems.
 
Coarse
 
and fine
 
refuse
are disposed separately in an adjacent refuse area which incorporates
 
slurry cells.
Processes and equipment are typical of those used in the coal industry and are
 
in use in nearly
all plants in the Central Appalachian Basin.
 
14.2
 
Requirements for Energy,
 
Water,
 
Material and Personnel
Personnel have
 
historically been sourced
 
from the surrounding
 
communities in Logan,
 
Boone,
Wyoming,
 
and Mingo
 
counties, and
 
have
 
proven
 
to be
 
adequate
 
in numbers
 
to operate
 
past
and current
 
mines.
 
As mining is common
 
in the surrounding
 
areas, the workforce
 
is generally
familiar with mining practices and is comprised of a strong talent pool of experienced
 
miners.
Water
 
is sourced locally
 
from Buffalo
 
Creek Public Service District
 
and/or locally from
 
streams
via water
 
withdrawal permits,
 
and electricity is
 
sourced from
 
AEP.
 
The service industry
 
in the
areas surrounding the mine complex
 
has historically provided supplies, equipment
 
repairs and
fabrication, etc.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
57
15
Infrastructure
The
 
Coronado-owned
 
Saunders
 
Preparation
 
Plant
 
services
 
the
 
mines.
 
The
 
ROM
 
coal
 
is
delivered from the Lower War Eagle Mine via overland conveyor, all remaining production is or
will be delivered to the plant site by truck.
The CSX rail line serves as the main means of transport from the mine complex/loadout.
As an active operation, the necessary support infrastructure for
 
Logan is in place.
As new areas are developed, the infrastructure requirements will change.
 
These changes have
been considered in the LOM plans and financial model.
A
 
few
 
of
 
the
 
seams
 
lie
 
below
 
drainage;
 
however,
 
a
 
substantial
 
number
 
of
 
metallurgical
 
coal
seams are situated above drainage.
 
The underground mining resource areas which are located
above-drainage
 
require
 
an
 
access
 
road
 
and
 
mine
 
access
 
development
 
along
 
the
 
outcrop,
whereas
 
below-drainage
 
mines are
 
accessed based
 
on other
 
proposed
 
surface
 
infrastructure
locations
 
and/or
 
surface
 
property
 
control.
 
In
 
some
 
cases,
 
the
 
access
 
and
 
face-up
 
may
 
be
developed as part of surface mining activities.
 
A mine transformer and water
 
tank are located
at
 
the
 
face-up,
 
along with
 
the
 
mine fan,
 
stacker
 
conveyor,
 
supply
 
facilities,
 
shop,
 
office,
 
and
bath house.
The surface mining mobile equipment spreads advance the contour and area mining pits while
systematically
 
reclaiming the trailing
 
side of pits where
 
coal has been removed.
 
The coal haul
roads
 
are
 
extended
 
and
 
maintained
 
as
 
the
 
pits
 
advance.
 
Support
 
facilities
 
are
 
maintained
nearby but away from the active mining, and
 
include storage areas for blasting agents, fuel and
lubricants, and mine supplies along with maintenance facilities and offices.
The
 
HWM
 
equipment
 
advances
 
along
 
with
 
the
 
contour
 
mining
 
pits.
 
The
 
rate
 
of
 
advance
 
of
contour
 
mining
 
is
 
somewhat
 
constrained
 
by
 
the
 
advancement
 
rate
 
of
 
the
 
HWM.
 
A
 
diesel-
powered
 
generator
 
trails
 
the
 
highwall
 
miner
 
and powers
 
the
 
continuous
 
mining
 
unit.
 
Other
support facilities are provided along with the contour mining support facilities.
 
A map of the existing facilities in
Figure 15-1
 
shows the layout of the required infrastructure.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
ex963p67i2 ex963p67i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
58
Figure 15-1:
 
Logan Surface Facilities
16
Market Studies
16.1
 
Market Description
The quality characteristics for the subject coal resources and coal reserves have been reviewed
in
 
detail
 
by
 
MM&A.
 
The
 
drill
 
hole
 
data
 
was
 
utilized
 
to
 
develop
 
average
 
coal
 
quality
characteristics for the mining site.
 
These average coal quality characteristics were then utilized
as
 
the
 
basis
 
for
 
determining
 
the
 
various
 
markets
 
into
 
which
 
the
 
saleable
 
coal
 
will
 
likely
 
be
placed.
 
The projected quality specifications for the Logan products
 
are as shown in
Table 16-1
.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
59
Table 16-1:
 
Quality Specifications by Product
HVA
HVB
Thermal
(A/R)
Moisture (%)
7.50
8.00
7.50
Ash (%)
7.50
8.00
12.50
Sulfur (%)
0.90
0.95
1.00
Volatile Matter (%)
32.5
37.0
36.0
Btu/lb.
N/A
N/A
12,300
Fluidity (ddpm)
30,000
25,000
N/A
MMR (%)
1.04
0.93
N/A
CSR
62
58
N/A
FSI
8.00
8.00
N/A
Note:
 
All Specs are dry basis except Moisture and Thermal
The mine production serves both the high-volatile metallurgical and thermal markets.
16.2
 
Price Forecasts
Coronado
 
provided
 
MM&A
 
with
 
price
 
forecasts
 
for
 
the
 
various
 
coal
 
markets
 
supplied
 
by
 
its
active
 
and
 
future
 
operations
 
in
 
terms
 
of
 
2024
 
(January)
 
real
 
dollars.1
 
MM&A
 
applied
 
a
 
2%
annual inflation
 
rate
 
to the
 
Coronado price
 
forecast
 
in order
 
to estimate
 
revenues in
 
nominal
dollars.
 
Customer
 
coal pricing
 
is derived
 
from
 
market
 
observed
 
forward
 
estimates
 
based
 
on
global economic supply
 
and demand analysis
 
which is applied to
 
mine plan sales volumes
 
and
product
 
mix
 
and
 
is
 
supplemented
 
with
 
Coronado’s
 
in-house
 
knowledge
 
of
 
applicable
 
rail
transportation
 
charges, ocean
 
freight
 
charges and
 
port charges.
 
MM&A utilized
 
this data
 
for
price forecasting in financial modeling.
 
Concurrent with aforementioned-quality parameters in
the
 
preceding
 
section,
 
production
 
from
 
the
 
proposed
 
operations
 
is
 
assumed
 
to
 
be
 
primarily
sold in metallurgical markets with
 
limited thermal sales.
 
Pricing was provided through
 
calendar
year
 
2057.
 
The
 
pricing
 
data
 
assumes
 
respective
 
HVA,
 
HVB
 
and
 
thermal
 
FOB-mine
 
prices
 
of
approximately $162,
 
$144, and $120 per metric
 
tonne for calendar
 
year 2024.
 
HVA, HVB,
 
and
thermal prices respectively decrease
 
to approximately
 
$161, $143, and $114 per
 
metric tonne
through year
 
2026, and then increase
 
to $308, $273,
 
and $212 per metric
 
tonne through
 
year
2057.
 
16.3
 
Contract Requirements
Some contracts are necessary for successful marketing
 
of the coal.
 
For Logan, since all mining,
preparation and marketing is done in-house, the remaining
 
contracts required are:
1 The
 
Coronado pricing
 
forecast
 
was provided
 
to MM&A
 
in real
 
2024 (January)
 
dollars based
on Coronado’s internal budget sales pricing
 
for the first 5
 
years of the forecast.
 
Beyond the first
5 years, Coronado’s
 
forecast is based
 
on sales price information
 
from AME Group
 
adjusted for
transportation costs to an FOB Mine basis.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
60
>
Transportation
 
– The
 
Mine contracts
 
with the
 
CSX Railroad
 
to transport
 
the coal
 
to either
the
 
domestic
 
customers
 
or
 
to
 
the
 
Pier
 
9
 
and
 
Dominion
 
terminals
 
at
 
Norfolk,
 
Virginia
 
for
overseas shipment.
>
Sales
– Sales contracts are a
 
mix of spot
 
and contract sales.
 
With the volatility
 
of the market,
long-term contracts are not typically written.
17
Environmental Studies, Permitting and Plans,
Negotiations or Agreements with Local
Individuals
17.1
 
Results of Studies
MM&A
 
completed
 
a
 
Limited
 
Phase
 
I
 
Environmental
 
Site
 
Assessment
 
(
ESA
)
 
on
 
the
 
Logan
Property in May
 
2017 on behalf of
 
Coronado.
 
Coronado reports not
 
having conducted
 
such a
study
 
since
 
the
 
MM&A
 
studies.
 
The
 
ESA
 
completed
 
by
 
MM&A
 
included
 
a
 
site
 
inspection,
review
 
of
 
historical
 
records,
 
a
 
database
 
search
 
of
 
State
 
and
 
Federal
 
regulatory
 
records
 
and
interviews
 
to
 
identify
 
potential
 
recognized
 
environmental
 
conditions
 
(
RECs
)
 
that
 
may
 
create
environmental
 
liability for
 
the sites.
 
MM&A concluded
 
that no
 
long-term liabilities
 
existed at
the time of these ESAs.
Based
 
on
 
these
 
former
 
ESAs
 
completed
 
by
 
MM&A,
 
it
 
is
 
the
 
QPs’
 
opinion
 
that
 
Logan
 
has
 
a
generally typical coal
 
industry record of compliance
 
with applicable mining, water quality,
 
and
environmental
 
laws.
 
Estimated
 
costs
 
for
 
mine
 
closure,
 
including
 
water
 
quality
 
monitoring
during site reclamation, are included in the financial models.
17.2
 
Requirements and Plans for Waste
 
Disposal
The original design for
 
the North Fork Refuse Area
 
(
North Fork
) at the Logan Property projected
a
 
crest
 
to
 
elevation
 
686
 
meters.
 
The
 
present
 
elevation
 
of
 
the
 
deck
 
is
 
±685meters.
 
In
 
2018
MSHA approved an expansion
 
plan to raise the
 
cross-valley crest
 
to elevation 802
 
meters, and
from there converting to a sidehill fill.
 
This will allow for a total volume of 50 million CM which
would be
 
sufficient capacity
 
for
 
all the
 
refuse generated
 
by the
 
LOM plan
 
that underpins
 
the
current Logan County Division
 
reserves.
 
Further plans
 
for the North
 
Fork site call
 
for conversion
of the
 
fill to
 
a total
 
cross-valley
 
configuration,
 
predicated
 
on completion
 
of surface
 
mining on
the ridge between
 
North Fork
 
and Middle
 
Fork.
 
This has
 
the potential of
 
providing an additional
10 million CM of capacity.
17.3
 
Permit Requirements and Status
All mining operations are subject to federal and state
 
laws and must obtain permits to operate
mines,
 
coal
 
preparation
 
and
 
related
 
facilities,
 
haul
 
roads,
 
and
 
other
 
incidental
 
surface
disturbances necessary for mining
 
to occur.
 
Permits generally require
 
that the permittee
 
post
a performance bond in an amount established by the regulatory program to provide assurance
that
 
any
 
disturbance
 
or
 
liability
 
created
 
during
 
mining
 
operations
 
is
 
properly
 
restored
 
to
 
an
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
61
approved
 
post-mining
 
land
 
use and
 
that
 
all
 
regulations
 
and requirements
 
of
 
the permits
 
are
fully satisfied before
 
the bond is
 
returned to
 
the permittee.
 
Significant penalties exist
 
for any
permittee
 
who
 
fails
 
to
 
meet
 
the
 
obligations
 
of
 
the
 
permits
 
including
 
cessation
 
of
 
mining
operations, which can lead to potential forfeiture of the bond.
 
Any company,
 
and its directors,
owners and
 
officers, which
 
are subject to
 
bond forfeiture
 
can be denied
 
future permits under
the program.2
New
 
permits
 
or permit
 
revisions
 
will occasionally
 
be
 
necessary to
 
facilitate
 
the
 
expansion
 
or
addition of
 
new mining
 
areas on
 
the properties,
 
such as
 
amendments to
 
existing permits
 
and
new permits for
 
mining of
 
reserve areas.
 
Exploration permits also
 
are required.
 
Property under
lease includes
 
provisions for exploration among
 
the terms of
 
the lease.
 
New or modified
 
mining
permits are
 
subject to
 
a public
 
advertisement process
 
and comment
 
period, and
 
the public
 
is
provided an
 
opportunity to raise
 
objections to any
 
proposed mining
 
operation.
 
MM&A is not
aware
 
of any
 
specific prohibition
 
of mining
 
on the
 
subject property
 
and given
 
sufficient time
and planning, Coronado
 
should be able
 
to secure
 
new permits to
 
maintain its
 
planned mining
operations within the context of current regulations.
 
Necessary permits are in
 
place to support
current production on the
 
properties, but future permits are
 
required to maintain
 
and expand
production.
 
Portions
 
of
 
the
 
properties
 
are
 
located
 
near
 
local
 
communities.
 
Regulations
prohibit mining activities within 91.4 meters of a residential dwelling, school, church, or
 
similar
structure
 
unless
 
written
 
consent
 
is
 
first
 
obtained
 
from
 
the
 
owner
 
of
 
the
 
structure.
 
Where
required, such consents
 
have been obtained
 
where mining is
 
proposed beyond the
 
regulatory
limits.
Coronado has
 
obtained all
 
mining and discharge
 
permits to
 
operate its
 
mines and processing,
loadout or related facilities.
 
MM&A is unaware of any obvious or current Coronado permitting
issues that
 
are expected
 
to prevent
 
the issuance of
 
future permits.
 
Logan, along
 
with all
 
coal
producers,
 
is
 
subject
 
to
 
a
 
level
 
of
 
uncertainty
 
regarding
 
future
 
clean
 
water
 
permits
 
due
 
to
United
 
States
 
Environmental
 
Protection
 
Agency
(
EPA
)
and
United
 
States
 
Fish
 
and
 
Wildlife
(
USFW
)
 
involvement with state
 
programs.
The Mining permits currently held by Logan are shown in
Table 17-1.
2 Monitored under the
 
Applicant Violator System (AVS) by the Federal Office
 
of Surface Mining.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
62
Table 17-1:
 
Logan Mining Permits
Type
Permit ID
Permit Name
$ Bond
Current Status
Issued Date
Expiration Date
Hectares
NPDES
Other
O001984
 
North Fork Refuse
1
$1,033,200
 
Renewed
4/11/1984
4/11/2024
116.03
WV0095699
Other – Loadout Only
O009283
 
Elk Lick Dock
$33,000
 
Renewed
6/10/1983
6/10/2028
13.31
WV1023071
Other
O009883
 
Saunders Prep Plant
$223,200
 
Renewed
6/24/1983
6/24/2028
36.36
WV0095699
Other – Refuse Disposal
O012383
 
Middle Fork Refuse
1
$364,800
 
Renewed
9/27/1983
9/27/2028
46.13
WV0096156
Other – Loadout Only
O500513
 
Toney Fork Loadout
 
$32,000
 
Renewed
9/11/2014
9/11/2024
12.67
WV1028081
Other – Refuse Disposal
O501108
Elklick Branch Haulroad/Refuse
1
 
$15,000
 
Renewed
11/13/2008
11/13/2028
5.83
WV1029843
Coal Surface Mine
S500417
 
North Fork Winifrede Contour Mine
 
$78,000
 
Not Started
2/13/2018
2/13/2028
50.59
WV1028430
Coal Surface Mine
S500615
 
Toney Fork A-Ridge Surface Mine
 
$150,000
 
Phase 1 Released
2/24/2016
2/24/2026
15.8
WV1028278
Coal Surface Mine
S500709
 
Toney Fork Surface Mine No. 3
 
$2,625,000
 
Renewed
11/20/2013
11/20/2028
340.83
WV1019902
Coal Surface Mine
S501210
 
Toney Fork West Surface Mine
 
$1,660,000
 
Active Rec. Only
2/29/2012
12/7/2026
134.3
WV1024990
Coal Surface Mine
S501410
 
Elklick Surface Mine
 
$2,767,600
 
Renewed
8/16/2013
8/16/2028
328.42
WV1025015
Coal Surface Mine
S503395
 
TONEY FORK SURFACE #2
 
$5,605,000
 
Renewed
5/28/1998
5/22/2028
453.61
WV1016750
Coal Underground
U004485
 
Dingess Br. No. 1
$0
 
Inactive
6/12/1985
PHII Released
4.05
WV1008340
Coal Underground
U400299
 
Paynter Branch Mine No. 1
 
$73,000
 
Renewed
4/5/2002
4/5/2027
10.01
WV1018728
Coal Underground
U500109
 
Chilton Deep Mine No. 1
 
$30,800
 
Inactive
1/31/2011
1/31/2026
5.53
WV1019821
Coal Underground
U500789
WA #1 Mine
$0
 
Completely Released
 
7/31/1990
PHII Released
0
WV0096385
Coal Underground
U500919
North Fork Winifrede Deep Mine
$16,320
 
Active Rec. Only
3/3/2020
3/3/2025
3.58
WV1030990
Coal Underground
U501311
 
Eagle No. 1 Mine
 
$143,520
 
Renewed
5/20/2013
5/20/2028
20.68
WV1025139
Coal Underground
U502008
 
Dingess Br-Chilton Mine No. 2
 
$22,570
 
Phase 2 Released
10/10/2008
PHII Released
11.62
WV1029908
Coal Underground
U505392
 
ALMA NO. 1 MINE
 
$286,160
 
Renewed
3/3/1995
3/3/2025
39.43
WV1013408
Coal Underground
U506686
Camp Branch Deep Mine
$96,200
 
Rec., Chem. Water Treatment
1/26/1987
1/26/1997
26.24
WV0093122
Coal Surface Mine
S500615
 
Toney Fork A-Ridge Surface Mine
 
$80,000
 
Phase 1 Released
2/24/2016
2/24/2026
15.8
WV1028278
Coal Underground
U501015
 
CB Chilton #1 Mine
 
$10,600
 
Not Started
12/28/2016
12/28/2026
1.68
WV1028316
Coal Underground
U503496
Muddy Bridge Branch #1
$33,040
 
Renewed
8/4/1997
8/4/2027
5.46
WV1016954
Coal Underground
U503596
Muddy Bridge Branch #2
$65,520
 
Renewed
8/4/1997
8/4/2027
10.35
WV1016954
River Dock
810-8037
Big Sandy Dock
$222,200
 
Active
7/10/1986
7/10/2026
7.38
KYGE40032
Coal Surface Mine
S500422
Middle Fork Surface Mine
$571,200
 
Renewed
12/9/2022
12/9/2027
81.73
WV1031198
Coal Surface Mine
S500822
Elklick Contour Surface mine
$1,307,520
 
Not Started
2/27/2023
2/27/2028
182.45
WV1031228
Notes:
 
 
1.
 
Permits containing refuse placement.
 
2.
 
Does not include prospect permits.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
63
17.4
 
Local Plans, Negotiations or Agreements
MM&A found no indication of agreements beyond the scope of Federal
 
or State Regulations.
17.5
 
Mine Closure Plans
Applicable
 
regulations
 
require
 
that
 
mines
 
be
 
properly
 
closed,
 
and
 
reclamation
 
commenced
immediately upon
 
abandonment.
 
In general,
 
site reclamation
 
includes removal
 
of structures,
backfilling, regrading,
 
and revegetation
 
of disturbed areas.
 
For surface
 
mines, the majority
 
of
the expense
 
for
 
backfilling and
 
regrading
 
is completed
 
as part
 
of ongoing
 
mining operations,
with only
 
reclamation of
 
final pits
 
and HWM benches
 
required at
 
end-of-mine life.
 
Sediment
control is required during the establishment of vegetation, and bond release generally requires
a
 
minimum
 
five-year
 
period
 
of
 
site
 
maintenance,
 
water
 
sampling,
 
and
 
sediment
 
control
following
 
mine completion.
 
This requirement
 
is reduced
 
to two
 
years
 
for
 
certain
 
operations
involving re
 
-mining.
 
Reclamation of
 
underground mines
 
includes closure
 
and sealing
 
of mine
openings such as portals and shafts in addition to the items listed above.
 
Estimated
 
costs for
 
mine closure,
 
including water
 
quality monitoring
 
during site
 
reclamation,
are included in
 
the financial models.
 
As with all mining
 
companies, an accretion
 
calculation is
performed
 
annually so
 
the necessary
 
Asset Retirement
 
Obligations
 
(
ARO
) can
 
be
 
shown as
 
a
Liability on the Balance Sheet.
17.6
 
Qualified Person’s Opinion
The Logan
 
complex is
 
an operating
 
facility; all
 
necessary permits
 
for
 
current production
 
have
been obtained.
 
The QPs
 
know
 
of no
 
reason that
 
any permits
 
revisions that
 
may be
 
required
cannot be obtained.
 
Estimated expenditures for site closure and reclamation are
 
included in the financial model for
this site.
18
Capital and Operating Costs
18.1
 
Capital Cost Estimate
The production sequence
 
selected for a
 
property must consider
 
the proximity
 
of each reserve
area to coal preparation plants, river docks and railroad loading points, along with suitability of
production equipment to coal seam conditions.
 
The in-place infrastructure was evaluated, and
any
 
future
 
needs
 
were
 
planned
 
to
 
a
 
level
 
suitable
 
for
 
a
 
Preliminary
 
Feasibility
 
Study
 
and
included in the Capital Forecast.
Coronado
 
provided
 
MM&A
 
with
 
an
 
inventory
 
of
 
operating
 
equipment
 
available
 
at
 
Logan.
 
MM&A’s capital schedules assume
 
that major
 
equipment rebuilds occur
 
over the
 
course of
 
each
machine’s
 
remaining
 
assumed operating
 
life.
 
Replacement
 
equipment was
 
scheduled
 
based
on
 
MM&A’s
 
experience
 
and
 
knowledge
 
of
 
mining
 
equipment
 
and
 
industry
 
standards
 
with
respect to the useful life of such equipment.
 
As one mine is depleted, the equipment is moved
to its replacement.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p15i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
64
A summary of the estimated capital for the Property is provided
 
in
Figure 18-1
 
below.
 
Figure 18-1:
 
CAPEX
18.2
 
Operating Cost Estimate
Coronado
 
provided
 
historical
 
and
 
a
 
preliminary
 
5-year
 
projection
 
of
 
operating
 
costs
 
for
MM&A’s review.
 
MM&A used the
 
historical and/or budget cost information as a
 
reference and
developed a personnel schedule for the mine.
 
Hourly labor rates and salaries
 
were based upon
information contained in Coronado’s financial summaries.
 
Fringe benefit costs
 
were developed
for
 
vacation
 
and
 
holidays,
 
federal
 
and
 
state
 
unemployment
 
insurance,
 
retirement,
 
workers’
compensation and
 
pneumoconiosis, casualty
 
and life
 
insurance, healthcare and
 
bonuses.
 
A cost
factor
 
for
 
mine
 
supplies
 
was
 
developed
 
that
 
relates
 
expenditures
 
to
 
mine
 
advance
 
rates
 
for
roof
 
control
 
costs
 
and
 
other
 
mine
 
supply
 
costs
 
experienced
 
at
 
underground
 
mines.
 
Other
factors were developed for maintenance
 
and repair costs,
 
rentals, mine power, outside services
and other direct mining costs.
 
Other cost factors
 
were developed for
 
coal preparation plant processing,
 
refuse handling, coal
loading, property
 
taxes,
 
and insurance
 
and bonding.
 
Appropriate royalty
 
rates were
 
assigned
for production from leased
 
coal lands and
 
sales taxes were calculated for state severance taxes,
the federal black lung excise tax,
 
and federal and state reclamation
 
fees.
Mandated Sales Related Costs such as Black Lung Excise are
 
summarized in
Table 18-1
.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
65
Table 18-1:
 
Estimated Coal Production Taxes
 
and Sales Costs
Description of Tax or Sales Cost
Basis of Assessment
Cost
Federal Black Lung Excise Tax
 
– Underground
Per Tonne
$1.21
Federal Black Lung Excise Tax
 
– Surface
Per Tonne
$0.61
Federal Black Lung Excise Tax
 
– Highwall Miner
Per Tonne
$0.61
Federal Reclamation Fees – Underground
Per Tonne
$0.13
Federal Reclamation Fees – Surface
Per Tonne
$0.31
Federal Reclamation Fees – Highwall Miner
Per Tonne
$0.31
West Virginia Reclamation Tax
 
– Underground
Per Tonne
$0.308
West Virginia Reclamation Tax
 
– Surface
Per Tonne
$0.308
West Virginia Reclamation Tax
 
– Highwall Miner
Per Tonne
$0.308
West Virginia Severance Tax
Percentage of Revenue
1 to 5%
Royalties – Underground
Percentage of Revenue
5 to 8.5%
Royalties – Surface
Percentage of Revenue
9%
Royalties – Highwall Miner
Percentage of Revenue
9%
Notes: 1. Federal
 
black lung excise
 
tax is
 
paid only on
 
coal sold domestically.
 
MM&A estimated a
 
weighted average
 
black
lung excise tax of $0.66 per tonne in the economic analysis below.
A summary of the projected Operating Costs is in
Table 18-2
.
Table 18-2:
 
Logan Operating Costs
Total
YE 12/31
2024
YE 12/31
2025
YE 12/31
2026
YE 12/31
2027
YE 12/31
2028
YE 12/31
2029
YE 12/31
2030
YE 12/31
2031
Remaining
LOM
Average
ROM Production
Tonnes
 
136.5
 
 
6.6
 
 
7.1
 
 
7.0
 
 
7.1
 
 
6.8
 
 
6.2
 
 
6.8
 
 
6.9
 
 
3.2
 
Yield
51.72%
38.35%
37.78%
38.86%
35.51%
35.18%
45.80%
46.02%
44.48%
59.43%
Saleable Production
Tonnes
 
70.6
 
 
2.5
 
 
2.7
 
 
2.7
 
 
2.5
 
 
2.4
 
 
2.9
 
 
3.1
 
 
3.1
 
 
1.9
 
Thermal Tonnes
 
4.69
 
 
0.14
 
 
0.18
 
 
0.19
 
 
0.18
 
 
0.22
 
 
0.14
 
 
0.14
 
 
0.14
 
 
0.13
 
Domestic Met Tonnes
 
65.90
 
 
2.40
 
 
2.52
 
 
2.51
 
 
2.35
 
 
2.18
 
 
2.71
 
 
3.00
 
 
2.92
 
 
1.74
 
Export Met Tonnes
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
Total Saleable Tonnes
 
70.59
 
 
2.54
 
 
2.70
 
 
2.70
 
 
2.53
 
 
2.40
 
 
2.85
 
 
3.14
 
 
3.06
 
 
1.9
 
Cash Costs per Tonne:
Mining Costs
 
$84.51
 
 
$77.01
 
 
$75.72
 
 
$76.41
 
 
$82.69
 
 
$85.48
 
 
$73.27
 
 
$73.73
 
 
$77.23
 
 
$87.70
 
Processing and
Transport
 
$19.71
 
 
$19.17
 
 
$19.99
 
 
$20.15
 
 
$22.12
 
 
$22.53
 
 
$18.41
 
 
$18.66
 
 
$19.66
 
 
$19.59
 
Sales Related Costs
 
$20.25
 
 
$16.61
 
 
$15.80
 
 
$14.76
 
 
$14.89
 
 
$15.59
 
 
$17.01
 
 
$17.89
 
 
$18.20
 
 
$21.97
 
G&A
 
$3.30
 
 
$3.49
 
 
$3.08
 
 
$3.08
 
 
$3.29
 
 
$3.31
 
 
$3.31
 
 
$3.31
 
 
$3.31
 
 
$3.31
 
 
Total Cash Costs
$127.78
 
 
$116.28
 
 
$114.60
 
 
$114.39
 
 
$122.99
 
 
$126.90
 
 
$111.99
 
 
$113.59
 
 
$118.40
 
 
$132.57
 
* The Financial model includes
 
0.001 million tonnes of inferred
 
coal production.
 
Inferred coal represents
 
0.000001% of the total
 
production,
and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
19
Economic Analysis
19.1
 
Assumptions, Parameters and Methods
A pre-feasibility LOM plan was prepared by MM&A for the Logan operations.
 
MM&A prepared
mine
 
projections
 
and
 
production
 
timing
 
forecasts
 
based
 
on
 
coal
 
seam
 
characteristics.
 
Production
 
timing
 
was
 
carried
 
out
 
from
 
2024
 
to
 
depletion
 
(exhaustion)
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
reserve
areas, which
 
is projected
 
for
 
the year
 
2057.
 
All costs
 
and prices
 
are based
 
on year-end
 
2023
nominal United States dollars.
The
 
Mine
 
plan,
 
productivity
 
expectations
 
and
 
cost
 
estimates
 
generally
 
reflect
 
historical
performance
 
by
 
Coronado
 
and
 
efforts
 
have
 
been
 
made
 
to
 
adjust
 
plans
 
and
 
costs
 
to
 
reflect
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
66
future conditions.
 
MM&A is confident
 
that the
 
mine plan and
 
financial model are
 
reasonably
representative to provide
 
an accurate estimation of coal reserves.
Capital
 
schedules
 
were
 
developed
 
by
 
MM&A
 
for
 
mine
 
development,
 
infrastructure,
 
and
 
on-
going capital requirements for
 
the life of
 
the mine.
 
Staffing levels were prepared,
 
and operating
costs estimated
 
by MM&A.
 
MM&A utilized
 
historical cost
 
data provided
 
by Coronado
 
and its
own knowledge and experience to estimate direct and indirect operating
 
costs.
 
The
 
preliminary
 
feasibility
 
financial
 
model,
 
prepared
 
for
 
this
 
TRS,
 
was
 
developed
 
to
 
test
 
the
economic viability of the coal reserve area.
 
The results of this financial model are
 
not intended
to represent a bankable feasibility study,
 
required for financing of any current or future mining
operations, but are intended to prove the economic
 
viability of the estimated coal reserves.
 
All
costs
 
and
 
prices
 
are
 
based
 
on
 
year-end
 
2023
 
nominal
 
United
 
States
 
dollars
 
assuming
 
a
 
2%
inflation rate.
On
 
an
 
unlevered
 
basis,
 
the
 
NPV
 
of
 
the
 
project
 
cash
 
flows
 
after
 
taxes
 
was
 
estimated
 
for
 
the
purpose
 
of
 
classifying
 
coal
 
reserves.
 
The
 
project
 
cash
 
flows,
 
excluding
 
debt
 
service,
 
are
calculated by subtracting direct and indirect operating expenses and capital expenditures from
revenue.
 
Direct costs include labor,
 
drilling and blasting, operating supplies, maintenance
 
and
repairs,
 
facilities
 
costs
 
for
 
materials
 
handling, coal
 
preparation,
 
refuse
 
disposal,
 
coal
 
loading,
sampling and
 
analysis services,
 
reclamation and general and
 
administrative costs.
 
Indirect costs
include statutory and
 
legally agreed upon fees
 
related to direct
 
extraction of the mineral.
 
The
indirect
 
costs
 
are
 
the
 
Federal
 
black
 
lung
 
tax,
 
Federal
 
and
 
State
 
reclamation
 
taxes,
 
property
taxes,
 
local
 
transportation
 
prior
 
to
 
delivery
 
at
 
rail
 
or
 
barge
 
loading
 
sites,
 
coal
 
production
royalties,
 
sales and
 
use taxes,
 
income taxes
 
and State
 
severance taxes
 
.
 
Coronado’s
 
historical
costs provided a useful reference
 
for MM&A’s
 
cost estimates.
Sales
 
revenue
 
is
 
based
 
on
 
the
 
metallurgical
 
coal
 
price
 
information
 
provided
 
to
 
MM&A
 
by
Coronado.
Projected
 
debt
 
service is
 
excluded
 
from
 
the
 
P&L and
 
cash
 
flow
 
model
 
in order
 
to
 
determine
Enterprise Value.
The
 
financial
 
model
 
expresses
 
coal
 
sales
 
prices,
 
operating
 
costs,
 
and
 
capital
 
expenditures
 
in
current
 
day
 
dollars
 
without
 
adjustment
 
for
 
inflation.
 
Capital
 
expenditures
 
and
 
reclamation
costs
 
are
 
included
 
based
 
on
 
engineering
 
estimates
 
for
 
each
 
mine
 
by
 
year.
 
The
 
Coronado
division’s existing
 
allocations of administrative costs are
 
continued in the future projections.
Coronado will pay royalties for the various current and projected operations.
 
The royalty rates
vary by mining
 
method and location.
 
The royalty
 
rates for
 
Logan are
 
estimated to
 
be 5 to
 
9%
of the sales revenue.
The projection model also includes consolidated income tax calculations at the Coronado level,
incorporating statutory
 
depletion calculations, as
 
well as state
 
income taxes,
 
and a federal
 
tax
rate of 21%.
 
To the extent the mine generates net operating losses for tax purposes, the losses
are
 
carried
 
over
 
to
 
offset
 
future
 
taxable
 
income.
 
The
 
terms
 
“cash
 
flows”
 
and
 
“project
 
cash
flows” used in this report refer to after tax
 
cash flows.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p76i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
67
Consolidated cash flows are driven by annual sales tonnage, which at steady-state
 
level ranges
from
 
a
 
peak
 
of
 
3.6 million
 
tonnes
 
in
 
2033
 
to
 
a
 
low
 
of
 
0.4 million
 
tonnes
 
in
 
2056.
 
Projected
consolidated revenue
 
ranges from $116.9 million to
 
$638.2 million at a steady state.
 
Revenue
totals $13.0 billion for the project’s
 
life.
Consolidated cash flow from operations is positive throughout the projected operating
 
period,
with
 
the
 
exception
 
of
 
post-production
 
years,
 
due
 
to
 
end-of-mine
 
reclamation
 
spending.
 
Consolidated cash flow
 
from operations
 
peaks at $177.9 million
 
in 2033 and totals
 
$3.4 billion
over the
 
project’s life.
 
Capital expenditures
 
total $167.9 million
 
from 2024
 
through 2028
 
and
$1.2 billion over the project’s life.
 
Coal price forecasts for
 
coal products were prepared by Coronado for
 
its proposed operations.
 
Such prices were used for the revenue input into the financial model.
 
Sales variable costs such
as production royalties and severance taxes
 
were based upon the revenue input.
19.2
 
Results
The pre-feasibility financial model, prepared
 
by MM&A for this TRS, was developed
 
to test the
economic
 
viability
 
of
 
each
 
coal
 
resource
 
area.
 
The
 
results
 
of
 
this
 
financial
 
model
 
are
 
not
intended
 
to
 
represent
 
a
 
bankable
 
feasibility
 
study,
 
as
 
may
 
be
 
required
 
for
 
financing
 
of
 
any
current
 
or
 
future
 
mining
 
operations
 
contemplated
 
but
 
are
 
intended
 
to
 
prove
 
the
 
economic
viability of
 
the estimated
 
coal reserves.
 
Optimization of
 
the LOM
 
plan was
 
outside the
 
scope
of the engagement.
Figure 19-1
 
shows the annual variance
 
of cash costs
 
per ton.
 
Table
 
19-1
 
shows LOM
 
tonnage,
P&L, and EBITDA for Logan.
Figure 19-1:
 
Cash Costs per Tonne
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
68
As shown above, Logan’s
 
average cash cost
 
ranges between approximately
 
$114 and $168 per
tonne for most of the operating period.
Table 19-1:
 
Life-of-Mine Tonnage,
 
P&L before Tax,
 
and EBITDA ($000)
LOM
LOM
P&L
LOM
EBITDA
Tonnes
*
Pre-Tax
 
P&L
Per Tonne
EBITDA
Per Tonne
Deep Mines
 
 
 
 
 
Camp Br Chilton
1,607
$61,067
$38.00
$92,000
$57.24
Ramaco N2G
1,519
$38,659
$25.45
$84,549
$55.66
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
10,962
$177,450
$16.19
$344,402
$31.42
Elk Lick Chilton
3,809
$184,040
$48.32
$250,250
$65.70
Lower Powellton
5,095
$216,991
$42.59
$328,684
$64.51
Lower War Eagle
5,731
$230,836
$40.28
$336,103
$58.65
Powellton No. 1
3,474
$37,743
$10.86
$142,820
$41.11
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
2,713
$43,531
$16.05
$83,882
$30.92
Upper Winifrede
1,438
$89,318
$62.11
$113,233
$78.74
Lower Winifrede
2,091
$83,351
$39.86
$118,042
$56.45
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
**
-
$(1,302)
$-
$(1,302)
$-
Consolidated Deep Mines
38,439
$1,161,684
$30.22
$1,892,665
$49.24
 
Surface Mines
Toney Fork Surf
6,313
$184,154
$29.17
$367,638
$58.23
Buffalo Cr South Area
7,673
$125,604
$16.37
$279,578
$36.44
Sugar Camp Area 1
4,912
$(11,563)
$(2.35)
$149,696
$30.47
Surface Mines Consolidated
18,899
$298,195
$15.78
$796,912
$42.17
 
LOM
LOM
P&L
LOM
EBITDA
Tonnes
Pre-Tax
 
P&L
Per Tonne
EBITDA
Per Tonne
HWM Operations
Toney Fork HWM
4,919
$468,937
$95.33
$488,239
$99.25
Buffalo Cr South HWM
7,004
$624,409
$89.15
$648,796
$92.63
Sugar Camp HWM
1,328
$117,241
$88.27
$128,692
$96.90
HWM Consolidated
13,251
$1,210,588
$91.36
$1,265,728
$95.52
 
Grand Total
70,589
$2,670,467
$37.83
$3,955,305
$56.03
*
 
The
 
Financial model
 
includes 0.001 million
 
tonnes of
 
inferred
 
coal
 
production.
 
Inferred
 
coal represents
0.000001% of the total production, and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
** The Winifrede (Chilton Rider) was depleted in the 4th quarter of 2023.
As
 
shown
 
in
Table
 
19-1,
 
the
 
Logan
 
Complex
 
shows
 
positive
 
EBITDA
 
over
 
the
 
LOM.
 
Overall,
Coronado’s
 
consolidated
 
operations
 
show
 
positive
 
LOM
 
P&L
 
and
 
LOM
 
EBITDA
 
of
 
$2.7 billion
and $4.0 billion,
 
respectively.
 
A summary
 
of the
 
key
 
financial performance
 
metrics projected
through 2031 is provided below in
Table 19-2
.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
69
Table 19-2:
 
Summary of Logan Key Financial Performance Metrics (2024-2031)
Total
YE
12/31
2024
YE
12/31
2025
YE
12/31
2026
YE
12/31
2027
YE
12/31
2028
YE
12/31
2029
YE
12/31
2030
YE
12/31
2031
Remaining
LOM
Average
ROM Production Tonnes
136.5
6.6
7.1
7.0
7.1
6.8
6.2
6.8
6.9
3.2
Yield
51.72%
38.35%
37.78%
38.86%
35.51%
35.18%
45.80%
46.02%
44.48%
59.43%
Saleable Production Tonnes
70.6
2.5
2.7
2.7
2.5
2.4
2.9
3.1
3.1
1.9
Thermal Tonnes
4.69
0.14
0.18
0.19
0.18
0.22
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.13
Domestic Met Tonnes
65.90
2.40
2.52
2.51
2.35
2.18
2.71
3.00
2.92
1.74
Export Met Tonnes
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total Saleable Tonnes
70.59
2.54
2.70
2.70
2.53
2.40
2.85
3.14
3.06
1.9
Cash Costs per Tonne:
Mining Costs
$84.51
$77.01
$75.72
$76.41
$82.69
$85.48
$73.27
$73.73
$77.23
$87.70
Processing and Transport
$19.71
$19.17
$19.99
$20.15
$22.12
$22.53
$18.41
$18.66
$19.66
$19.59
Sales Related Costs
$20.25
$16.61
$15.80
$14.76
$14.89
$15.59
$17.01
$17.89
$18.20
$21.97
G&A
$3.30
$3.49
$3.08
$3.08
$3.29
$3.31
$3.31
$3.31
$3.31
$3.31
Total Cash Costs
$127.78
$116.28
$114.60
$114.39
$122.99
$126.90
$111.99
$113.59
$118.40
$132.57
EBITDA per Tonne
$56.03
$30.50
$32.54
$31.10
$24.70
$24.18
$48.98
$50.43
$49.16
$64.46
Expansion CapEx ($M)
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Maintenance CapEx ($M)
$1,170.9
$50.1
$33.9
$40.0
$22.2
$21.7
$76.0
$58.4
$33.9
$32.1
Total CapEx
$1,170.9
$50.1
$33.9
$40.0
$22.2
$21.7
$76.0
$58.4
$33.9
$32.1
* The
 
Financial model includes
 
0.001 million tonnes of
 
inferred coal
 
production.
 
Inferred coal
 
represents 0.000001%
 
of the total
 
production, and
none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
After Tax
 
Cash Flows were developed in
 
order to calculate the NPV
 
for this Property.
 
The NPV
is estimated to be $616.8 million at
 
a discount rate of 10.0%.
 
A summary of
 
the Logan after-tax
cash flow is shown in
Table 19-3
.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
70
Table 19-3:
 
Project Cash Flow Summary ($000)
*
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
Total
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
Production & Sales tonnes
70,589
2,543
2,696
2,702
2,526
2,399
Total Revenue
$12,974,983
$373,206
$396,734
$393,101
$373,074
$362,422
EBITDA
$3,955,305
$77,551
$87,738
$84,030
$62,398
$58,012
Net Income
$2,228,588
$26,894
$36,861
$31,587
$14,764
$12,933
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$3,424,770
$51,951
$77,858
$77,752
$62,427
$53,137
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(1,170,916)
$(50,053)
$(33,920)
$(40,038)
$(22,171)
$(21,683)
Net Cash Flow
$2,253,854
$1,897
$43,938
$37,714
$40,256
$31,454
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
Production & Sales tonnes
2,850
3,138
3,064
3,243
3,562
3,025
Total Revenue
$458,804
$514,757
$513,368
$553,202
$619,064
$522,816
EBITDA
$139,605
$158,273
$150,615
$185,698
$215,324
$154,820
Net Income
$79,578
$89,148
$85,572
$111,984
$132,364
$84,624
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$106,155
$135,115
$135,231
$153,748
$177,944
$149,613
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(76,046)
$(58,438)
$(33,904)
$(37,120)
$(64,965)
$(78,661)
Net Cash Flow
$30,109
$76,677
$101,328
$116,628
$112,979
$70,953
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
Production & Sales tonnes
2,996
3,323
3,481
3,308
2,953
2,659
Total Revenue
$527,811
$597,215
$638,225
$618,446
$562,910
$517,016
EBITDA
$133,825
$186,994
$205,149
$190,958
$163,745
$150,046
Net Income
$67,184
$112,148
$121,122
$101,624
$83,396
$79,543
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$124,743
$156,490
$174,943
$171,838
$153,628
$138,325
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(74,607)
$(44,478)
$(63,118)
$(74,744)
$(52,178)
$(35,077)
Net Cash Flow
$50,136
$112,012
$111,825
$97,094
$101,449
$103,248
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
Production & Sales tonnes
2,061
1,821
2,124
1,504
1,147
1,149
Total Revenue
$403,182
$362,533
$432,405
$310,415
$239,824
$245,029
EBITDA
$132,897
$113,992
$163,646
$115,279
$82,962
$84,911
Net Income
$80,858
$69,151
$103,893
$67,062
$56,130
$56,391
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$121,947
$105,404
$131,578
$111,482
$78,873
$73,990
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(18,189)
$(33,880)
$(32,406)
$(16,899)
$(22,623)
$(17,389)
Net Cash Flow
$103,758
$71,523
$99,172
$94,583
$56,250
$56,601
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
Production & Sales tonnes
1,152
1,151
1,147
1,145
1,150
1,151
Total Revenue
$250,477
$255,353
$259,457
$264,205
$270,675
$276,402
EBITDA
$86,985
$88,741
$90,123
$91,953
$94,720
$96,464
Net Income
$57,379
$57,306
$56,385
$55,409
$56,916
$58,687
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$75,029
$76,216
$77,221
$78,584
$80,464
$81,827
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(13,999)
$(16,432)
$(20,924)
$(24,880)
$(17,227)
$(16,997)
Net Cash Flow
$61,029
$59,784
$56,296
$53,704
$63,237
$64,830
 
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ex963p20i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
71
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
Production & Sales tonnes
1,149
1,016
809
437
11
-
Total Revenue
$281,461
$254,502
$207,028
$116,946
$2,919
$-
EBITDA
$98,676
$83,364
$68,788
$54,740
$2,282
$-
Net Income
$59,804
$46,844
$35,921
$45,217
$(3,918)
$(1,177)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$83,397
$75,074
$63,550
$31,102
$(5,848)
$(7,880)
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$(19,175)
$(21,624)
$(8,199)
$(5,725)
$(3,148)
$-
Net Cash Flow
$64,222
$53,450
$55,351
$25,378
$(8,996)
$(7,880)
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
Production & Sales tonnes
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total Revenue
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
EBITDA
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Net Income
$(607)
$(317)
$(70)
$(0)
$(0)
$(0)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$(4,019)
$(3,221)
$(895)
$-
$-
$-
Purchases of Property, Plant, and Equipment
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Net Cash Flow
$(4,019)
$(3,221)
$(895)
$-
$-
$-
* The
 
Financial model includes
 
0.001 million tonnes of
 
inferred coal
 
production.
 
Inferred coal
 
represents 0.000001%
 
of the total
 
production, and
none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
19.3
 
Sensitivity
Sensitivity of the NPV results to changes in the key drivers is presented in the chart
 
below.
 
The
sensitivity
 
study
 
shows
 
the
 
NPV
 
at
 
the
 
10.0%
 
discount
 
rate
 
when
 
Base
 
Case
 
sales
 
prices,
operating costs, and capital costs are increased and decreased in increments of 5% within a +/-
15% range.
Figure 19-2:
 
Sensitivity of NPV
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
72
As
 
shown,
 
NPV
 
is quite
 
sensitive
 
to
 
changes
 
in sales
 
price and
 
operating
 
cost
 
estimates,
 
and
slightly sensitive to changes in capital cost estimates.
20
Adjacent Properties
20.1
 
Information Used
No
 
Proprietary
 
information
 
associated
 
with
 
neighboring
 
properties
 
was
 
used
 
as
 
part
 
of
 
this
study.
21
Other Relevant Data and Information
MM&A performed
 
a previous
 
audit of
 
all the
 
Properties in
 
year 2017
 
for
 
Coronado
 
based on
SEC Industry Guide
 
7 standards.
 
In addition,
 
MM&A completed a
 
Limited Phase
 
I Environmental
Site Assessment (
ESA
) on
 
the Property in
 
2017 on
 
behalf of
 
Coronado.
 
MM&A has
 
subsequently
conducted
 
Joint Ore
 
Reserve Committee
 
(
JORC
) compliant
 
resource and
 
reserve
 
assessments
of
 
the
 
Logan
 
County
 
assets
 
as
 
of:
 
(1)
 
December 31,
 
2017,
 
(2)
 
December 31,
 
2020,
 
(3)
December 31, 2021, and
 
(4) December 31, 2022.
 
By assignment, the
 
JORC assessment included
a preliminary
 
feasibility
 
level study
 
of the
 
subject coal
 
reserves, encompassing
 
detailed mine
planning and cost analysis through depletion of Logan’s JORC-compliant
 
coal reserves.
 
MM&A
utilized
 
these
 
former
 
preliminary
 
feasibility
 
studies
 
as
 
the
 
basis
 
of
 
an
 
updated
 
study
 
which
meets those standards set forth by the SEC in Regulation
 
S-K 1300.
22
Interpretation and Conclusions
22.1
 
Conclusion
Sufficient
 
data
 
has
 
been
 
obtained
 
through
 
various
 
exploration
 
and
 
sampling
 
programs
 
and
mining operations to support the
 
geological interpretations of seam structure and
 
thickness for
coal
 
horizons
 
situated
 
on
 
the
 
Property.
 
The
 
data
 
is
 
of
 
sufficient
 
quantity
 
and
 
reliability
 
to
reasonably support the coal resource and coal reserve estimates in this TRS.
The geological data
 
and preliminary
 
feasibility study, which consider mining
 
plans, revenue, and
operating and capital cost estimates
 
are sufficient to support the classification of coal reserves
provided herein.
This
 
geologic
 
evaluation
 
conducted
 
in
 
conjunction
 
with
 
the
 
preliminary
 
feasibility
 
study
 
is
sufficient to
 
conclude that
 
the 70.6 Mt
 
of marketable
 
coal reserves
 
identified on the
 
Property
are
 
economically
 
mineable
 
under
 
reasonable
 
expectations
 
of
 
market
 
prices
 
for
 
metallurgical
coal products, estimated operation costs,
 
and capital expenditures.
22.2
 
Risk Factors
Risks have
 
been identified
 
for operational,
 
technical and
 
administrative
 
subjects addressed
 
in
the Pre
 
-Feasibility
 
Study.
 
A risk
 
matrix has
 
been constructed
 
to present
 
the risk
 
levels for
 
all
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
73
the risk
 
factors
 
identified and
 
quantified
 
in the
 
risk assessment
 
process.
 
The risk
 
matrix and
risk
 
assessment
 
process
 
are
 
modelled
 
to
 
that
 
presented
 
in
 
the
 
Australian
 
and
 
New
 
Zealand
Standard on Risk Management (AS/NZS 4360).
 
The
 
purpose
 
of
 
the
 
characterization
 
of
 
the
 
project
 
risk
 
components
 
is
 
to
 
inform
 
the
 
project
stakeholders
 
of key
 
aspects of
 
the Coronado
 
projects that
 
can be
 
impacted by
 
events
 
whose
consequences can affect the success of the venture.
 
The significance of an impacted aspect of
the operation
 
is directly
 
related
 
to both
 
the probability
 
of occurrence
 
and the
 
severity of
 
the
consequences.
 
The
 
initial
 
risk
 
for
 
a
 
risk
 
factor
 
is
 
herein
 
defined
 
as
 
the
 
risk
 
level
 
after
 
the
potential
 
impact
 
of
 
the
 
risk
 
factor
 
is
 
addressed
 
by
 
competent
 
and
 
prudent
 
management
utilizing control
 
measures readily
 
available.
 
Residual risk
 
for a
 
risk factor
 
is herein
 
defined as
the risk
 
level following
 
application of
 
special mitigation
 
measures if
 
management determines
that
 
the
 
initial
 
risk
 
level
 
is
 
unacceptable.
 
Initial
 
risk
 
and
 
residual
 
risk
 
can
 
be
 
quantified
numerically, derived by the product of values assigned to probability and consequence ranging
from very low risk to very high risk.
 
The
 
probability
 
and
 
consequence
 
parameters
 
are
 
subjective
 
numerical
 
estimates
 
made
 
by
practiced
 
mine engineers
 
and managers.
 
Both are
 
assigned values
 
from 1
 
to 5
 
for
 
which the
value
 
1 represents
 
the lowest
 
probability
 
and least
 
consequence, and
 
the value
 
5 represents
the highest
 
probability
 
and greatest
 
consequence.
 
The
 
products
 
which define
 
the Risk
 
Level
are classified from very low to very high.
 
Risk Level Table
 
(R = P x C)
Risk Level (R)
Very Low (1 to 2)
Low (3 to 5)
Moderate (6 to 11)
High (12 to 19)
Very High (20 to 25)
Risk aspects
 
identified and
 
evaluated during this
 
assignment total 13.
 
No residual
 
risks are
 
rated
Very High.
 
One (1) residual risk
 
is rated High.
 
Eight (8) of the risk
 
aspects could be associated
with
 
Moderate
 
residual
 
risk.
 
Four
 
(4)
 
of
 
the
 
risk
 
aspects
 
were
 
attributed
 
Low
 
or
 
Very
 
Low
residual risks.
 
22.2.1
 
Governing Assumptions
The listing
 
of the
 
aspects is
 
not presumed
 
to be
 
exhaustive.
 
Instead that
 
listing
 
is presented
based on the experiences of the contributors to the TRS.
 
1.
 
The probability and consequence ratings are subjectively assigned, and it is assumed that this
subjectivity reasonably reflects the condition of the active and projected mine operations.
2.
 
The
 
Control
 
Measures
 
shown
 
in
 
the
 
matrices
 
presented
 
in this
 
chapter
 
are
 
not
 
exhaustive.
 
They
 
represent
 
a
 
condensed
 
collection
 
of
 
activities
 
that
 
the
 
author
 
of
 
the
 
risk
 
assessment
section has observed to be effective in coal mining scenarios.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
74
3.
 
Mitigation
 
Measures
 
listed
 
for
 
each
 
risk
 
factor
 
of
 
the
 
operation
 
are
 
not
 
exhaustive.
 
The
measures listed, however,
 
have been observed by the author to be effective.
 
4.
 
The monetary values used in
 
ranking the consequences are generally
 
-accepted quantities for
the coal mining industry.
22.2.2
 
Limitations
The
 
risk
 
assessment
 
proposed
 
in
 
this
 
report
 
is
 
subject
 
to
 
the
 
limitations
 
of
 
the
 
information
currently collected, tested, and interpreted
 
at the time of the writing of the report.
22.2.3
 
Methodology
The numerical
 
quantities (i.e.,
 
risk levels)
 
attributable
 
to either
 
“initial” or
 
“residual” risks
 
are
derived
 
by the
 
product of
 
values
 
assigned to
 
probability
 
and consequence
 
ranging
 
from
 
very
low risk to very high risk.
R = P x C
Where:
R = Risk Level
P = Probability of Occurrence
C = Consequence of Occurrence
The
 
Probability
 
(P)
 
and
 
Consequence
 
(C)
 
parameters
 
recited
 
in
 
the
 
formula
 
are
 
subjective
numerical
 
estimates
 
made
 
by
 
practiced
 
mine
 
engineers
 
and
 
managers.
 
Both
 
P
 
and
 
C
 
are
assigned
 
integer
 
values
 
ranging
 
from
 
1
 
to
 
5
 
for
 
which
 
the
 
value
 
1
 
represents
 
the
 
lowest
probability
 
and
 
least
 
consequence,
 
and
 
the
 
value
 
5
 
represents
 
the
 
highest
 
probability
 
and
greatest
 
consequence.
 
The
 
products
 
(R
 
=
 
P
 
x
 
C)
 
which
 
define
 
the
 
Risk
 
Level,
 
are
 
thereafter
classified from very low to very high.
Risk Level Table
Risk Level (R)
Very Low (1 to 2)
Low (3 to 5)
Moderate (6 to 11)
High (12 to 19)
Very High (20 to 25)
Very
 
high initial
 
risks are
 
considered to
 
be unacceptable
 
and require
 
corrective action
 
well in
advance of project development.
 
In short, measures must
 
be applied to reduce
 
very high initial
risks to a tolerable level.
 
As
 
shown
 
and
 
discussed
 
above,
 
after
 
taking
 
into
 
account
 
the
 
operational,
 
technical,
 
and
administrative
 
actions
 
that
 
have
 
been
 
applied or
 
are
 
available
 
for
 
action when
 
required,
 
the
residual risk
 
can be
 
determined.
 
The residual
 
risk provides
 
a basis for
 
the management
 
team
to determine
 
if the residual
 
risk level is
 
acceptable or tolerable.
 
If the risk level
 
is determined
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
75
to
 
be
 
unacceptable,
 
further
 
actions
 
should
 
be
 
considered
 
to
 
reduce
 
the
 
residual
 
risk
 
to
acceptable
 
or
 
tolerable
 
levels
 
to
 
provide
 
justification
 
for
 
continuation
 
of
 
the
 
proposed
operation.
22.2.4
 
Development of the Risk Matrix
Risks have been identified
 
for the technical, operational, and
 
administrative subjects addressed
in the TRS.
 
The risk matrix and
 
risk assessment process
 
are modelled to
 
that presented
 
in the
Australian and New Zealand Standard on Risk Management (AS/NZS 4360).
 
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
76
22.2.4.1
 
Probability Level Table
Table 22-1:
 
Probability Level Table
Category
Probability Level (P)
1
Remote
Not likely to occur except
 
in exceptional circumstances.
<10%
2
Unlikely
Not likely to occur; small in degree.
10 - 30%
3
Possible
Capable of occuring.
30 - 60%
4
Likely
High chance of occurring in most circumsta
 
nces.
60 - 90%
5
Almost Certain
Event is expected under
 
most circumstances; impossible to
avoid.
>90%
The lowest rated
 
probability of occurrence is assigned the
 
value of 1 and described as remote,
with a likelihood of occurrence of less than ten percent.
 
Increasing values are assigned to each
higher
 
probability
 
of
 
occurrence,
 
culminating
 
with
 
the
 
value
 
of
 
5
 
assigned
 
to
 
incidents
considered to be almost certain to occur.
22.2.4.2
 
Consequence Level Table
Table 22-2
 
lists the consequence levels.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
77
Table 22-2:
 
Consequence Level Table
Correlation of Events in Key Elements of the Project Program
 
to Event Severity Category
Category
Severity of
the Event
Financial Impact
of the Event
Unplanned
Loss of
Production
(Impact on
Commercial
Operations)
Events Impacting
on the Environment
Events Affecting th’ Program's
Social and Community
Relations
Resultant Regulatory /
Sovereign Risk
Events Affecting Occupational Health &
Safety
1
Insignificant
< USD
$0.5 million
≤ 12 hours
Insignificant loss of
habitat; no
irreversible effects
on water,
 
soil and
the environment.
Occasional nuisance impact on
travel.
-
Event recurrence avoided by corrective
action through established procedures
(Engineering, guarding, training).
2
Minor
USD $0.5 million
to $2.0 million
≤ 1 day
No significant
change to species
populations; short-
term reversible
perturbation to
ecosystem function.
Persistent nuisance impact on
travel.
 
Transient adverse media
coverage.
-
First aid – lost time.
 
Event recurrence
avoided by corrective action through
established procedures.
3
Moderate
USD $2.0 million
to $10.0 million
≤ 1 week
Appreciable change
to species
population;
medium-term (≤10
years) detriment to
ecosystem function.
Measurable impact on travel
and water/air quality.
 
Significant adverse media
coverage / transient public
outrage.
Uncertainty securing or
retaining essential
approval / license.
Medical Treatment –
permanent
incapacitation.
 
Avoiding event
recurrence requires modification to
established corrective action procedures
.
Change to regulations
(tax; bonds; standards).
4
Major
USD
$10.0 million to
$50.0 million
1 to 2 weeks
Change to species
population
threatening
viability; long-term
(>10 years)
detriment to
ecosystem function.
Long-term, serious impact on
travel and use of water
resources; degradation of air
quality; sustained and effective
public opposition.
Suspension / long-delay
in securing essential
approval / license.
Fatality.
 
Avoiding event recurrence
requires modification to established
corrective action procedures and staff
retraining.
Change to laws (tax;
bonds; standards).
5
Critical
>USD
$50.0 million
>1 month
Species extinction;
irreversible damage
to ecosystem
function.
Loss of social license.
Withdraw / failure to
secure essential
approval / license.
Multiple fatalities.
 
Avoiding event
recurrence requires major overhaul of
policies and procedures.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
78
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
1
The
 
lowest
 
rated
 
consequence
 
is assigned
 
the
 
value
 
of 1
 
and
 
is described
 
as
 
an
 
Insignificant
Consequence,
 
parameters of which include non-reportable safety incidents with zero
 
days lost
accidents, no environmental
 
damage, loss of production or systems
 
for less than 12 hours
 
and
cost of less than USD $0.5 million.
 
Increasing values are assigned to each higher consequence,
culminating
 
with
 
the
 
value
 
of
 
5
 
assigned
 
to
 
critical
 
consequences,
 
the
 
parameters
 
of
 
which
include
 
multiple-fatality
 
accidents,
 
major
 
environmental
 
damage,
 
and
 
loss
 
of
 
production
 
or
systems for longer than one
 
month and cost of greater than USD $50.0 million.
Composite Risk Matrix R = P x C and Color-Code Convention
The risk level,
 
defined as the product
 
of probability of occurrence
 
and consequence, ranges
 
in
value from
 
1 (lowest
 
possible risk)
 
to 25
 
(maximum risk
 
level).
 
The values
 
are color-coded
 
to
facilitate identification of the highest risk aspects.
Table 22-3:
 
Risk Matrix
P x C = R
Consequence (C)
Insignificant
Minor
Moderate
Major
Critical
1
2
3
4
5
Probability Level (P)
Remote
1
1
2
3
4
5
Unlikely
2
2
4
6
8
10
Possible
3
3
6
9
12
15
Likely
4
4
8
12
16
20
Almost
Certain
5
5
10
15
20
25
22.2.5
 
Categorization of Risk Levels and Color Code Convention
Very high risks are considered to be unacceptable
 
and require corrective action.
 
Risk reduction
measures must be applied to reduce very high risks to a tolerable level.
22.2.6
 
Description of the Coal Property
The
 
Logan
 
Mine
 
Complex
 
(
Logan
)
 
is
 
located
 
in
 
Logan,
 
Boone,
 
and
 
Wyoming
 
Counties,
 
West
Virginia
 
–is an
 
active operation
 
with four
 
underground
 
mines and
 
two
 
surface
 
mines.
 
Active
underground
 
operations
 
within
 
the
 
Logan
 
Mine
 
Complex
 
all
 
utilize
 
continuous
 
mining
production sections.
 
Large mining operations are conducted
 
at the Muddy Bridge, Eagle No. 1
Mine and Lower
 
War Eagle
 
Mine.
 
The North Fork
 
Winifrede Mine
 
was fully depleted
 
in 2023.
 
The Powellton
 
No. 1
 
Mine was
 
in process
 
of being
 
rehabilitated
 
and had
 
minimal production
during the fourth quarter 2023, with plans to initiate full production with
 
one mining section in
the first
 
quarter of 2024.
 
Other operations are
 
projected on relatively
 
small reserve blocks
 
to
be developed sequentially
 
to sustain production levels
 
as each
 
reserve is depleted.
 
The method
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
2
provides
 
continuity,
 
preserving
 
skilled
 
work
 
groups
 
and
 
enabling
 
effective
 
utilization
 
of
production equipment.
 
Mines located
 
above drainage
 
have access
 
via drift
 
entries.
 
A few
 
of
the coal seams are below drainage and are accessed with slopes and shafts or box cuts.
The
 
Logan
 
Mine
 
Complex
 
also
 
includes
 
two
 
active
 
surface
 
mines:
 
Toney
 
Fork
 
and
 
Elklick
(Buffalo Creek
 
South).
 
Both area
 
and contour
 
surface mining
 
are employed.
 
Highwall mining
is conducted by contract operators
 
.
 
The surface operations are relatively small and developed
sequentially to
 
sustain production
 
levels.
 
Similar to the
 
underground operations,
 
the method
provides
 
continuity
 
while
 
preserving
 
skilled
 
work
 
groups
 
and
 
enabling
 
effective
 
utilization
 
of
production
 
equipment.
 
The surface
 
mining methods
 
selected utilize
 
hydraulic
 
shovels, front-
end loaders, large tractors and rock
 
trucks for overburden removal.
22.2.7
 
Summary of Residual Risk Ratings
Each risk factor is numbered, and
 
a risk level for each
 
is determined by multiplying
 
the assigned
probability by the assigned consequence.
 
The risk levels are plotted on a risk matrix to provide
a composite view of the Coronado risk profile.
 
The average risk level is 7.7, which is defined as
Moderate.
Table 22-4:
 
Risk Assessment Matrix
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consequence
Critical
>$50 MM
8, 9
 
Major
$10-50MM
6
 
Moderate
$2-10 MM
12
1, 2, 3, 4
 
Minor
$0.5-$2 MM
13
5, 10
7
 
Low
<$0.5 MM
11
 
 
<10%
10-30%
30-60%
60-90%
>90%
 
Remote
Unlikely
Possible
Likely
Almost
Certain
22.2.8
 
Risk Factors
A high-level
 
approach is
 
utilized to
 
characterize
 
risk factors
 
that are
 
generally similar
 
across a
number of the
 
active and proposed
 
mining operations.
 
Risk factors that are unique
 
to a specific
operation or are particularly noteworthy are
 
addressed individually.
22.2.8.1
 
Geological and Coal Resource
Coal
 
mining
 
is
 
accompanied
 
by
 
risk
 
that,
 
despite
 
exploration
 
efforts,
 
mining
 
areas
 
will
 
be
encountered where geological conditions render extraction
 
of the resource to be uneconomic,
or that coal quality characteristics disqualify the product for
 
sale into target markets.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
3
Offsetting the geological
 
and coal resource risk are
 
the massive size of the controlled
 
property
which
 
allows
 
large
 
areas
 
to
 
be
 
mined
 
sufficiently
 
away
 
from
 
areas
 
where
 
coal
 
quality
 
and
mineability
 
may
 
be
 
less
 
favorable.
 
In
 
addition,
 
several
 
mines
 
are
 
designed
 
to
 
operate
 
with
multiple
 
production
 
sections,
 
which
 
lessens
 
the
 
immediate
 
impact
 
when
 
one
 
section
encounters difficulties.
 
The large reserve areas
 
also provide a mitigation
 
strategy of developing
an additional
 
(spare) section
 
at each
 
mine, or
 
additional mines,
 
which can
 
be activated
 
when
adverse
 
conditions
 
are
 
encountered,
 
thereby
 
maintaining
 
consistent
 
production
 
and
 
quality.
 
The spare
 
section or
 
mines require
 
additional mine
 
extension cost
 
but increase
 
flexibility and
performance consistency.
The
 
larger
 
reserve
 
areas
 
will
 
be
 
developed
 
with
 
multiple
 
production
 
sections
 
and
 
the
 
small,
replacement production reserve
 
areas provide ready
 
access to
 
alternative locations if
 
geological
and coal resource characteristics require
 
abandonment of an active production area.
Table 22-5:
 
Geological and Coal Resource Risk Assessment (Risks 1 and 2)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk
Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Recoverable coal
tonnes recognized to
be significantly less
than previously
estimated.
Reserve base is adequate
to serve market
commitments and
respond to opportunities
for many years.
 
Local
adverse conditions may
increase frequency and
cost of production unit
relocations.
Previous and ongoing
exploration and
extensive regional
mining history provide
a high level of
confidence of coal
seam correlation,
continuity of the coal
seams, and coal
resource tonnes.
4
4
16
Optimize mine
plan to increase
resource
recovery;
develop mine
plan to provide
readily available
alternate mining
locations to
sustain expected
production level.
3
3
9
Coal quality locally
proves to be lower
than initially
projected.
If uncontrolled,
production and sale of
coal that is out of
specification can result in
rejection of deliveries,
cancellation of coal sales
agreements and damage
to reputation.
Exploration and vast
experience and history
in local coal seams
provide confidence in
coal quality; limited
excursions can be
managed with careful
product segregation
and blending.
3
5
15
Develop mine
plan to provide
readily available
alternate mining
locations to
sustain expected
production level;
modify coal sales
agreements to
reflect coal
quality.
3
3
9
22.2.8.2
 
Environmental
MM&A completed a Limited Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (
ESA
) on the Logan County
Property in
 
May 2017
 
on behalf
 
of Coronado.
 
MM&A concluded
 
that no
 
long-term liabilities
existed at the time of this ESA.
Water
 
quality
 
and
 
other
 
permit
 
requirements
 
are
 
subject
 
to
 
modification
 
and
 
such
 
changes
could have
 
a material impact
 
on the capability
 
of the operator
 
to meet modified
 
standards or
to
 
receive
 
new permits
 
and
 
modifications
 
to
 
existing
 
permits.
 
Permit
 
protests
 
may
 
result
 
in
delays or denials to permit applications.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
4
Environmental
 
standards and permit
 
requirements have
 
evolved significantly
 
over the past
 
50
years and to-date, mining operators and
 
regulatory bodies have been
 
able to adapt
 
successfully
to evolving environmental requirements.
Table 22-6:
 
Environmental (Risks 3 and 4)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Environmental
performance
standards are
modified in the
future.
Delays in receiving new
permits and modifications
to existing permits; cost
of testing and treatment
of water and soils
Work with regulatory
agencies to understand
and influence final
standards; implement
testing, treatment and
other actions to
comply with new
standards.
3
4
12
Modify mining
and reclamation
plans to improve
compliance with
new standards
while reducing
cost of
compliance.
3
3
9
New permits and
permit modifications
are increasingly
delayed or denied.
Interruption of
production and delayed
implementation of
replacement production
from new mines.
Comply quickly with
testing, treatment and
other actions required;
continue excellent
compliance
performance within
existing permits.
3
4
12
Establish and
maintain close
and constructive
working
relationships
with regulatory
agencies, local
communities and
community
action groups.
3
3
9
22.2.8.3
 
Regulatory Requirements
Federal
 
and
 
state
 
health
 
and
 
safety
 
regulatory
 
agencies
 
occasionally
 
amend
 
mine
 
laws
 
and
regulations.
 
The impact is industry-wide.
 
Mining operators and regulatory agencies have been
able to adapt successfully to evolving health and safety requirements.
Table 22-7:
 
Regulatory Requirements (Risk 5)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk
Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Federal and state
mine safety and
health regulatory
agencies amend mine
laws and regulations.
Cost of training, materials,
supplies and equipment;
modification of mine
examination and
production procedures;
modification of mining
plans.
Participate in hearings
and workshops when
possible to facilitate
understanding and
implementation; work
cooperatively with
agencies and
employees to facilitate
implementation of new
laws and regulations.
4
3
12
Familiarity and
experience with
new laws and
regulations
results in
reduced impact
to operations and
productivity and
improved
supplies and
equipment
options.
4
2
8
22.2.8.4
 
Market and Transportation
Most
 
of
 
the
 
current
 
and
 
future
 
production
 
is
 
expected
 
to
 
be
 
directed
 
to
 
domestic
 
and
international
 
metallurgical
 
markets.
 
Historically
 
the metallurgical
 
markets
 
have
 
been cyclical
and
 
highly
 
volatile.
 
Thermal
 
coal
 
markets
 
are
 
also
 
cyclical
 
and
 
domestic
 
markets
 
have
 
been
adversely affected
 
by competition
 
from natural
 
gas and
 
subsidized renewable
 
energy sources
and regulation.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
5
Table 22-8:
 
Market and Transportation (Risk 6)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk
Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Volatile coal prices
drop precipitously.
Loss of revenue adversely
affects profitability;
reduced cash flow may
disrupt capital
expenditures plan.
Cost control measures
implemented; capital
spending deferred.
4
5
20
High-cost
operations
closed, and
employees
temporarily
furloughed.
4
4
16
Occasional
 
delay
 
or
 
interruption
 
of
 
rail,
 
river
 
and
 
terminals
 
service
 
may
 
be
 
expected.
 
The
operator can possibly minimize the impact of delays by being a preferred
 
customer by fulfilling
shipment obligations promptly and maintaining close working relationships.
Table 22-9:
 
Market and Transportation (Risk 7)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Rail or river transport is
delayed; storage and
shipping access at river
and ocean terminals is
not available.
Fulfillment of coal sales
agreements delayed;
limited coal storage at
mines may increase cost of
rehandling; production may
be temporarily idled.
Provide adequate
storage capacity at
mines; coordinate
continuously with
railroad and shipping
companies to respond
quickly and effectively to
changing circumstances.
5
3
15
Provide back-up
storage facility
along with
personnel,
equipment and
rehandle plan to
sustain production
and fulfill sales
obligations timely.
5
2
10
22.2.8.5
 
Mining Plan
Occupational health
 
and safety risks
 
are inherent in
 
mining operations.
 
Comprehensive training
and
 
retraining
 
programs,
 
internal
 
safety
 
audits
 
and
 
examinations,
 
regular
 
mine
 
inspections,
safety meetings, along with support of trained fire brigades and mine rescue teams are among
activities
 
that
 
greatly
 
reduce
 
accident
 
risks.
 
Employee
 
health
 
monitoring
 
programs
 
coupled
with dust and noise monitoring and abatement reduce health risks to miners.
 
As
 
underground
 
and
 
surface
 
mines
 
are
 
developed
 
and
 
extended,
 
observation
 
of
 
geological,
hydrogeological
 
and
 
geotechnical
 
conditions
 
leads
 
to
 
modification
 
of
 
mine
 
plans
 
and
procedures to enable safe work within the mine environments.
Highlighted below
 
are selected
 
examples
 
of safety
 
and external
 
factors
 
relevant
 
to Coronado
operations.
22.2.8.5.1
 
Methane Management
Coalbed
 
methane
 
is
 
present
 
in
 
coal
 
operations
 
below
 
drainage.
 
Often
 
the
 
methane
concentration
 
in shallow
 
coal seams
 
is at
 
such low
 
levels that
 
it can
 
be readily
 
managed with
frequent
 
testing
 
and monitoring,
 
vigilance and
 
routine
 
mine ventilation.
 
Very
 
high
 
methane
concentrations
 
may be
 
present at
 
greater depths.
 
High methane
 
concentrations
 
may require
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
6
degasification
 
of the
 
coal seam
 
to assure
 
safe
 
mining.
 
Due to
 
the
 
seams being
 
targeted
 
and
their depths, excessive methane is not expected to
 
be encountered at Logan.
Table 22-10:
 
Methane Management (Risk 8)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Methane hazard is
present in mines
operating below
drainage.
Injury or loss of life; possible
ignition of gas and mine
explosion; potential loss of
mine and equipment
temporarily or permanently;
additional mine fan, mine
power, ventilation,
monitoring and examination
requirements.
Low to moderate levels
can be managed with
frequent examinations,
testing and monitoring
within the mine
ventilation system.
 
Excellent rock dust
maintenance minimizes
explosion propagation
risk should an ignition
occur.
1
5
5
Very high-level
methane
concentrations
may require coal
seam
degasification and
gob degasification
if longwall or pillar
extraction
methods are
employed.
1
5
5
22.2.8.5.2
 
Mine Fires
Mine fires, once common at
 
mine operations, are rare today.
 
Most active coal miners have not
encountered a mine fire.
 
Vastly improved mine power and equipment
 
electrical systems, along
with
 
safe
 
mine
 
practices
 
reduce
 
mine
 
fire
 
risks.
 
Crew
 
training
 
and
 
fire
 
brigade
 
support
 
and
training
 
improve
 
response
 
for
 
containment
 
and
 
control
 
if
 
a
 
fire
 
occurs.
 
Spontaneous
combustion
 
within
 
coal
 
mines,
 
which
 
is
 
the
 
source
 
of
 
most
 
fires
 
that
 
occur
 
today,
 
is
 
not
expected to commonly
 
occur at
 
the Logan
 
property.
 
When spontaneous
 
combustion conditions
are present, monitoring systems are employed for early detection and mine plans are
 
designed
to facilitate isolation, containment
 
and rapid extinguishment.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
7
Table 22-11:
 
Mine Fires (Risk 9)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Mine fire at
underground or surface
mine operation.
Injury or loss of life;
potential loss of mine
temporarily or permanently;
damage to equipment and
mine infrastructure.
Inspection and
maintenance of mine
power, equipment and
mine infrastructure;
good housekeeping;
frequent examination of
conveyor belt entries;
prompt removal of
accumulations of
combustible materials.
1
5
5
If spontaneous
combustion
conditions are
present, enhanced
monitoring and
examination
procedures will be
implemented;
mine design will
incorporate
features to
facilitate isolation,
containment and
extinguishment of
 
spontaneous
combustion
locations.
1
5
5
22.2.8.5.3
 
Highwall Failure
Contour
 
surface
 
mining,
 
area
 
surface
 
mining
 
and
 
highwall
 
mining
 
all
 
expose
 
miners
 
and
production
 
equipment
 
to
 
the
 
risk
 
of
 
highwall
 
failure.
 
The
 
highwall
 
can
 
be
 
designed
 
to
incorporate safety
 
precautions to address geotechnical
 
and hydrogeological concerns.
 
Drilling
and
 
blasting
 
design
 
can
 
be
 
modified
 
to
 
fit
 
soil
 
and
 
strata
 
conditions
 
to
 
enhance
 
highwall
stability.
 
Foremen
 
and
 
crews
 
are
 
trained
 
to
 
examine
 
the
 
highwalls
 
frequently
 
to
 
observe
changes and
 
indications of failure
 
.
 
Highwall designs
 
incorporate
 
adequate web
 
thickness and
safety pillar width to assure highwall stability.
Table 22-12:
 
Highwall Failure (Risk 10)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Highwall failure occurs
at surface or highwall
mining operations.
Injury or loss of life;
catastrophic damage to
equipment; production
interruption.
Regular inspection for
change and signs of
failure; conservative
design of HWM web
thickness and safety
pillar width; conservative
wall slope and bench
width in design.
4
3
12
Optimize drilling
and blasting plan;
increase safety
factors for wall
slope and bench
width; install
instrumentation
and frequent
survey to detect
movement;
dewater to reduce
wall pressure.
4
2
8
22.2.8.5.4
 
Availability of Supplies and Equipment
The industry
 
has periodically
 
experienced
 
difficulty receiving
 
timely delivery
 
of mine
 
supplies
and
 
equipment.
 
Availability
 
issues
 
often
 
accompanied
 
boom
 
periods
 
for
 
coal
 
demand.
 
Any
future
 
delivery of
 
supplies and
 
equipment delays
 
are
 
expected
 
to
 
be temporary
 
with limited
impact on production.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
8
Table 22-13:
 
Availability of Supplies and Equipment (Risk 11)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Disruption of
availability for supplies
and equipment.
Temporary interruption of
production.
Force majeure provision
in coal sales agreements
to limit liability for
delayed or lost sales.
3
2
6
Work closely with
customers to
assure delayed
coal delivery
rather than
cancelled sales;
monitor external
conditions and
increase inventory
of critical supplies;
accelerate delivery
of equipment
when possible.
3
1
3
22.2.8.5.5
 
Labor
Work stoppage due to labor protests are considered to be unlikely and accompanied by limited
impact should
 
it occur.
 
Excellent
 
employee relations
 
and communications
 
limit the
 
exposure
to outside protesters.
 
Loss of supervisors and
 
skilled employees to retirement is inevitable;
 
the
impact can
 
be lessened with
 
succession planning
 
and training
 
and training
 
and mentorship
 
of
new employees.
Table 22-14:
 
Labor – Work Stoppage (Risk 12)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Work stoppage due to
strikes, slowdowns or
secondary boycott
activity.
Loss of production and coal
sales; damaged customer
and employee relations;
reputation loss.
Maintain excellent
employee relations and
communications;
maintain frequent
customer
communications.
2
3
6
Develop plan for
employee
communications
and legal support
to minimize
impact of
secondary boycott
activities.
1
3
3
Table 22-15:
 
Labor – Retirement (Risk 13)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Retirement of
supervisors and skilled
employees.
Loss of leadership and
critical skills to sustain
high levels of safety,
maintenance and
productivity.
Monitor demographics
closely and maintain
communications with
employees who are
approaching retirement
age; maintain employee
selection and training
programs.
3
3
9
Maintain selection of
candidates and
implementation of in-
house or third-party
training for electricians
and mechanics; develop
employee mentoring
program.
3
2
6
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2023
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
9
23
Recommendations
Coronado
 
is continuing
 
to work
 
both internally
 
and with
 
outside assistance
 
to
 
further define
their Resource Base and to Optimize the LOM Plan.
24
References
Publicly
 
available
 
information
 
from
 
various
 
State
 
and
 
Federal
 
agencies
 
was
 
used
 
where
relevant.
25
Reliance on Information Provided by the
Registrant
A summary of
 
the information
 
provided by
 
Coronado relied
 
upon by MM&A
 
for the
 
purposes
of this TRS is provided in
Table 25-1
.
Table 25-1:
 
Information from Registrant Relied Upon by MM&A
Category
Information Provided by Coronado
Report
Section
Marketing
Long-term price forecast used
 
in financial projections
16.2
Legal
Mineral control and surface
 
control rights as shown on maps
3.2, 3.3
Environmental
Permit and bonding information
17.3
ex963p97i0
 
 
APPENDIX
A
MM&A QUALIFICATIONS
ex963p98i0
 
 
 
ex963p97i0
 
 
APPENDIX
B
 
MAPS
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ex963p104i0
 
 
 
ex963p105i0
 
 
 
ex963p106i0
 
 
 
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ex963p108i0
 
 
 
ex963p109i0
 
 
 
ex963p110i0
 
 
 
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ex963p112i0
 
 
 
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APPENDIX
C
 
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
 
 
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Appendix C
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
1
Glossary of Abbreviations and Definitions
Abbreviation
Definition
ACPS
Analysis of Coal Pillar Stability
ANAB
ANSI National Accreditation Board
ASTM
ASTM International
AVS
Applicant Violator System
bcm
Bank cubic meters
bcm/hr
Bank cubic meters per hour
Btu/lb.
British Thermal Unit per pound
Carlson
Carlson Mining – formerly SurvCADD
®
 
– a prevalent software package used for
modeling in the Appalachian region
CFR
Code of Federal Regulations
Coronado
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
CSR
Coke strength after
 
reaction
CSX
CSX Corporation, a rail-based freight transportation
 
company
CTR
Contour mining
Demonstrated
reserves
Demonstrated reserves are the sum of proven
 
and probable reserves.
EBITDA
Earnings before Interest,
 
Taxes,
 
Depreciation, and Amortization
 
EOM
End-of-mine reclamation
EPA
United States Environmental
 
Protection Agency
 
ESA
Limited Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
Feasibility Study
“…comprehensive technical and economic study of the selected development
option for a mineral project, which includes detailed assessments of all applicable
modifying factors together with any other
 
relevant operational factors,
 
and detailed
financial analysis that are necessary to demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that
extraction is economically viable.
 
According to the proposed definition, the results
of the study may serve as the basis for a final decision by a proponent or financial
institution to proceed with, or finance, the development of the project.
 
Thus, a
feasibility study is more comprehensive, with a higher degree of accuracy,
 
and
yielding results with a higher level of confidence, than a pre-feasibility study.”
 
HWM
Highwall mining
In situ
Its natural position; said specific of a rock, soil, or fossil when in the situation in
which was originally formed or deposited
Indicated
Resources
Indicated resources are those lying between 0.4-kilometer
 
and 1.2-kilometer radius
from such an observation point and reported herein as in-situ mineral
 
resources.
Inferred
Resources
Inferred resources lie more than a 1.2-kilometer radius
 
from a valid point of
measurement but less than 4.8 kilometers from one, and reported herein
 
as in-situ
mineral resources.
JORC Code
Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration
 
Results, Mineral Resources and Ore
Reserves
lb. SO
2
 
/ mm Btu
Pounds per sulfur dioxide per million British thermal units
LOM
Life-of-mine
M&R
Maintenance and repair
Measured
Resources
Measured resources are those lying within 0.4-kilometer radius from
 
a valid point of
measurement and reported herein as in-situ mineral resources.
MINER Act
Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response Act of 2006
 
 
 
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Appendix C
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
2
Abbreviation
Definition
Mineral Reserve
“…the economically mineable part of a Measured and/or Indicated Mineral
Resource.
 
It includes dilution materials and allowances for losses, which occur
when the material is mined or extracted and is defined by studies at Preliminary
Feasibility or Feasibility level as appropriate that include Modifying Factors.
 
Such
studies demonstrate that, at the time of reporting, extraction
 
of the mineral reserve
is economically viable under reasonable investment and marketing
 
assumptions
”.
 
Mineral Resource
“…a concentration or occurrence of solid material of economic interest
 
or on the
Earth’s crust
 
in such form, grade or quality that there are reasonable prospects for
eventual economic extraction.
 
The location, quantity,
 
grade, continuity and other
geological characteristics and continuity of a Mineral
 
Resource are known,
estimated or interpreted from
 
specific geological evidence and knowledge, including
sampling.”
 
MM&A
Marshall Miller & Associates, Inc.
Modifying Factors
“…considerations used to convert Mineral
 
Resources to Mineral Reserves.
 
These
include, but are not restricted to, mining, processing, metallurgical,
 
infrastructure,
economic, marketing, legal, environmental
 
compliance, plans, negotiations, or
agreements with local individuals or groups and governmental factors.”
MRMR
Mineral Resources to Mineral Reserves
MSHA
United States Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration
Mt
Million metric tonnes
NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety
 
and Health
NRTL
Nationally Recognized Test
 
Laboratory
NS
Norfolk Southern Corporation, a rail-based freight transportation
 
company
O&M
Operating and maintenance
 
OSD
Out-of-seam dilution
P&L
Profit and loss before tax
 
P.E.
Professional Engineer
PJLA
Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc.
Preliminary
Feasibility Study
“…as a comprehensive study of a range of options for the technical and economic
viability of a mineral project that has advanced to a stage where
 
a qualified person
has determined (in the case of underground mining) a preferred
 
mining method, or
in the case of surface mining) a pit configuration, and in all cases has determined an
effective method of mineral processing
 
and an effective plan to sell the product. The
study’s financial analysis must have
 
the level of detail necessary to demonstrate, at
the time of reporting, that extraction is economically viable. In addition, as noted in
the proposed definition of a pre-feasibility study,
 
while a pre-feasibility study is less
comprehensive and results in a lower confidence level than a feasibility
 
study, a pre
 
-
feasibility study is more comprehensive and results in a higher confidence level
 
than
an initial assessment.”
 
Property(ies)
Bituminous coal deposits located in Boone, Logan, and Wyoming Counties, West
Virginia.
 
QP
Qualified Person
Qualified Person
“…a person who is a mineral industry professional with at least
 
five years of relevant
experience in the type of mineralization and type of deposit under consideration
and in the specific type of activity that person is undertaking on behalf of the
registrant.
 
In addition, the proposed definition requires a qualified person to be an
 
 
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Appendix C
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
3
Abbreviation
Definition
eligible member or licensee in good standing of a recognized professional
organization at the
time the technical report is prepared
”.
RECs
Recognized Environmental
 
Conditions
Resource
Database
The Resource Database is established by the collection, validation,
 
recording, storing
and processing of data and forms the foundation necessary for
 
the estimation of
Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve.
 
A quality assurance and quality control program is essential
 
and must be established
to govern the collection of all data.
 
In reporting, a Mineral Resource must meet the
minimum requirement of “reasonable prospects for economic
 
extraction”.
 
This will
require the concurrent collection and storage
 
of preliminary economic, mining,
metallurgical, environmental,
 
legal and social data and other information for use
 
in
the estimation of MRMR.
 
The Resource Database will include both “primary” (observation and measurement)
and “interpreted” data.
 
It is recommended that data be stored digitally,
 
using a
documented, standard format
 
and a reliable storage medium that allows for
 
easy
and complete retrieval of the data.
ROM
Run-of-mine
S-K 1300
United States Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation
 
S-K 1300
Modernization of Property Disclosures
SEC
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
SMCRA
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 is the primary federal
 
law that
regulates the environmental
 
effects of coal mining in the United States.
Strip Ratio
Represented by bcm of overburden to recoverable
 
coal tonnes
 
tph
tonnes per hour
 
TRS
Technical
 
Report Summary
USA
United States of America
USFW
United States Fish and Wildlife
USGS
United States Geologic Survey
 
VALMIN Code
Australasian Code for Public Reporting of Technical
 
Assessments and Valuations of
Mineral Assets
ex963p97i0
 
 
APPENDIX
D
INITIAL ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT FOR RESOURCES EXCLUSIVE
OF RESERVES
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ex963p125i0
 
 
 
ex963p97i0
 
 
 
APPENDIX
E
JORC TABLE 13
3
 
JORC
 
Table
 
1
 
is
 
included
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
JORC
 
Code
 
standards.
 
Note
 
that
 
all
 
Coronado
properties are covered by JORC Table
 
1 herein.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
1
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Sampling
techniques
>
 
Nature
 
and
 
quality of
 
sampling
 
(e.g. cut
 
channels, random
 
chips, or
 
specific
specialised industry standard
 
measurement tools
 
appropriate to
 
the minerals
under
 
investigation,
 
such
 
as
 
downhole
 
gamma
 
sondes,
 
or
 
handheld
 
XRF
instruments, etc.).
 
These examples
 
should not
 
be taken
 
as limiting
 
the broad
meaning of sampling.
>
 
Include reference to
 
measures taken
 
to ensure sample
 
representivity and the
appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used.
>
 
Aspects of the determination
 
of mineralisation that
 
are Material to
 
the Public
Report. In cases
 
where ‘industry standard’
 
work has been
 
done this would
 
be
relatively
 
simple
 
(e.g.
 
‘reverse
 
circulation
 
drilling
 
was
 
used
 
to
 
obtain
 
1
 
m
samples
 
from
 
which
 
3
 
kg
 
was
 
pulverised
 
to
 
produce
 
a
 
30
 
g
 
charge
 
for
 
fire
assay’). In other cases, more
 
explanation may be required, such as where there
is coarse
 
gold that
 
has inherent
 
sampling problems.
 
Unusual commodities
 
or
mineralisation
 
types
 
(e.g.
 
submarine
 
nodules)
 
may
 
warrant
 
disclosure
 
of
detailed information.
>
 
Most
 
of
 
the coal
 
samples have
 
been
 
obtained
 
from
 
the Properties
 
by
 
subsurface
exploration using core drilling
 
techniques.
 
The protocol for preparing and
 
testing the
samples has varied over time and is not well documented
 
for the older holes drilled
on the Properties.
>
 
Typical
 
USA
 
core
 
drilling
 
sampling
 
technique
 
is
 
for
 
the
 
coal
 
core
 
sample,
 
once
recovered
 
from the
 
core barrel,
 
to
 
be described
 
then wrapped
 
in a
 
sealed plastic
sleeve and placed into a covered core box,
 
which is the length of the sample so that
the
 
core
 
can
 
be
 
delivered
 
to
 
a
 
laboratory
 
in
 
relatively
 
intact
 
condition
 
and
 
with
original moisture content.
>
 
It is reasonable to
 
assume, given the sophistication
 
level of the previous
 
operators,
that
 
these
 
samples
 
were
 
generally
 
collected
 
and
 
processed
 
under
 
industry
 
best-
practices.
 
This
 
assumption
 
is
 
based
 
on
 
MM&A’s
 
familiarity
 
with
 
the
 
operating
companies and the companies used to perform the analysis.
 
>
 
Some of the
 
drill holes
 
were air rotary
 
bored and no
 
coal core samples
 
were collected.
 
Seam
 
thickness
 
for
 
rotary-drilled
 
bore
 
holes
 
is
 
verified
 
by
 
calibrated
 
downhole
gamma-density logs.
 
>
 
Coal samples that
 
were deemed by
 
MM&A geologists to
 
be unrepresentative were
not used for statistical
 
analysis of coal
 
quality, as
 
documented in the tabulations.
 
A
representative group
 
of drill
 
hole samples
 
from the
 
Properties were
 
then checked
against the original drill laboratory reports to verify accuracy and correctness.
 
Drilling
techniques
>
 
Drill type
 
(e.g. core,
 
reverse
 
circulation,
 
open-hole hammer,
 
rotary air
 
blast,
auger,
 
Bangka, sonic,
 
etc.) and
 
details (e.g.
 
core diameter,
 
triple or
 
standard
tube, depth of diamond
 
tails, face-sampling bit
 
or other type, whether
 
core is
oriented and if so, by what method, etc.).
>
 
The Properties have been extensively
 
explored by subsurface drilling efforts
 
carried
out
 
by
 
numerous
 
entities,
 
most
 
of
 
which
 
were
 
completed
 
prior to
 
acquisition
 
by
Coronado.
 
The majority of
 
the drilling was
 
accomplished using vertical
 
continuous
(diamond) coring or air rotary methods.
>
 
Core drilling methods utilize
 
NX-size (5.4
 
centimeter) or similar-sized
 
core cylinders
to recover core samples, which
 
can be used to delineate
 
geologic characteristics, and
for coal quality testing and geotechnical logging.
 
>
 
Data for
 
the rotary
 
drilled holes is
 
mainly derived from
 
downhole geophysical logs,
which are
 
used to
 
interpret coal
 
and rock
 
thickness and depth
 
since logging
 
of the
drill cuttings is not reliable.
>
 
Geophysical
 
logging
 
was
 
performed
 
on
 
many
 
of
 
the
 
holes,
 
either
 
by
 
Geological
Logging Systems (a division
 
of MM&A), other
 
geophysical logging contractors, and on
those properties acquired from
 
CONSOL geophysical logging was often
 
performed by
CONSOL’s
 
in-house logging services.
Drill sample
recovery
>
 
Method of recording and assessing
 
core and chip sample recoveries
 
and results
assessed.
>
 
Measures
 
taken
 
to
 
maximise
 
sample
 
recovery
 
and
 
ensure
 
representative
nature of the samples.
>
 
Whether a relationship
 
exists between sample recovery
 
and grade and
 
whether
sample
 
bias
 
may
 
have
 
occurred
 
due
 
to
 
preferential
 
loss/gain
 
of
 
fine/coarse
material.
>
 
Where available,
 
core recovery
 
thickness of
 
coal samples
 
was reconciled
 
with the
thickness interpreted from geophysical logs.
>
 
Core recovery
 
of the
 
older coal
 
samples lacking
 
geophysical logs
 
is sometimes
 
not
well-documented:
 
however,
 
when
 
the
 
laboratory
 
results
 
for
 
such
 
holes
 
had
anomalous values, the data was disqualified and not used.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
2
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Logging
>
 
Whether
 
core
 
and
 
chip
 
samples
 
have
 
been
 
geologically
 
and
 
geotechnically
logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation,
mining studies and metallurgical studies.
>
 
Whether
 
logging
 
is
 
qualitative
 
or
 
quantitative
 
in
 
nature.
 
Core
 
(or
 
costean,
channel, etc.) photography.
>
 
The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged.
>
 
A wide variety of
 
core-logging techniques exist
 
for the properties.
 
For many of
 
the
core
 
holes,
 
the
 
primary
 
data
 
source
 
is
 
a
 
generalized
 
lithology
 
description
 
by
 
the
driller,
 
in some
 
cases
 
supplemented
 
by
 
a
 
more
 
detailed
 
core
 
log
 
completed
 
by
 
a
geologist.
 
>
 
The logging of
 
core thickness and
 
depth is quantitative.
 
With the exception
 
of the
coal seams,
 
logging of
 
rock strata
 
type is
 
more subjective
 
and best
 
considered as
qualitative.
Sub-sampling
techniques
and sample
preparation
>
 
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken.
>
 
If
 
non-core,
 
whether
 
riffled,
 
tube
 
sampled,
 
rotary
 
split,
 
etc.
 
and
 
whether
sampled wet or dry.
>
 
For
 
all sample
 
types, the
 
nature,
 
quality and
 
appropriateness
 
of the
 
sample
preparation technique.
>
 
Quality control
 
procedures
 
adopted
 
for
 
all
 
sub-sampling
 
stages
 
to
 
maximise
representivity of samples.
>
 
Measures taken
 
to
 
ensure
 
that
 
the
 
sampling
 
is representative
 
of
 
the
 
in
 
situ
material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half
sampling.
>
 
Whether sample
 
sizes are
 
appropriate to
 
the grain
 
size of
 
the material
 
being
sampled.
>
 
Typical US practice in
 
the Appalachian Basin is that core
 
samples for deep mineable
core samples are
 
not sawn or
 
subsampled (since seams
 
are not of
 
great thickness and
the entire seam is mined and co-mingled).
 
The entire coal interval drilled is generally
analysized.
>
 
Oftentimes, core for
 
surface-mineable coal seams are
 
bench sampled separately by
the various coal and rock layers (plies).
>
 
MM&A has exercised diligence to use only those analyses that are representative
 
of
the coal quality parameters for the appropriate mining type for each sample.
Quality of
assay data and
laboratory
tests
>
 
The
 
nature,
 
quality
 
and
 
appropriateness
 
of
 
the
 
assaying
 
and
 
laboratory
procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total.
>
 
For
 
geophysical
 
tools,
 
spectrometers,
 
handheld
 
XRF
 
instruments,
 
etc.,
 
the
parameters
 
used in
 
determining the
 
analysis including
 
instrument make
 
and
model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc.
>
 
Nature
 
of
 
quality
 
control
 
procedures
 
adopted
 
(e.g.
 
standards,
 
blanks,
duplicates,
 
external
 
laboratory
 
checks)
 
and
 
whether
 
acceptable
 
levels
 
of
accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and precision have been established.
>
 
Sample analysis was typically carried out by accredited US laboratories.
 
>
 
Standard procedure upon receipt of
 
core samples by the testing
 
laboratory is to log
the
 
depth
 
and
 
thickness
 
of
 
the
 
sample,
 
then
 
perform
 
testing
 
as
 
specified
 
by
 
a
representative
 
of
 
the
 
operating
 
company.
 
Each
 
sample
 
is
 
then
 
analyzed
 
in
accordance with
 
procedures defined
 
under
ASTM
 
International (
ASTM
)
 
standards
including, but
 
not limited
 
to; washability
 
(ASTM D4371);
 
ash (ASTM
 
D3174); sulfur
(ASTM
 
D4239);
 
Btu/lb.
 
(ASTM
 
D5865);
 
volatile
 
matter
 
(ASTM
 
D3175);
 
Free
 
Swell
Index (
FSI
) (ASTM D720).
>
 
Geophysical
 
tools
 
are
 
calibrated
 
by
 
the
 
logging
 
company
 
and
 
where
 
possible,
validated using a calibration hole.
Verification of
sampling and
assaying
>
 
The verification of
 
significant intersections by either
 
independent or alternative
company personnel.
>
 
The use of twinned holes.
>
 
Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures,
 
data verification, data
storage (physical and electronic) protocols.
>
 
Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
>
 
All
 
coal
 
intersection
 
data
 
used
 
to
 
generate
 
the
 
geologic
 
model
 
has
 
been
 
cross
referenced with the lithological and geophysical logs by MM&A.
>
 
Laboratory quality was adjusted from dry basis to reflect the anticipated marketable
product moisture.
>
 
Coal quality
 
results were
 
verified by
 
spot-check with
 
laboratory analysis
 
sheets by
MM&A before inclusion into the geologic model and use in the resource estimate.
Location of
data points
>
 
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole
surveys), trenches, mine
 
workings and other
 
locations used in
 
Mineral Resource
estimation.
>
 
Specification of the grid system used.
>
 
Quality and adequacy of topographic control.
>
 
Due to
 
the long
 
history of
 
exploration by
 
various parties
 
on the
 
Properties, a
 
wide
variety of survey techniques exist
 
for documentation of data
 
point locations.
 
Many
of the older
 
exploration drill
 
holes appear
 
to have
 
been located
 
by ground
 
survey;
more
 
recently
 
completed
 
drill
 
holes
 
are
 
often
 
located
 
by
 
high-resolution
 
Global
Positioning System (
GPS
) units.
>
 
Grid systems used are typically the State Plane Coordinate System
 
pertinent to each
property.
 
>
 
Topography is based on either the
 
USGS topographic 7.5-minute quadrangle maps
 
or
on recent aerial photogrammetry as necessary (subject to availability).
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
3
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Data spacing
and
distribution
>
 
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results.
>
 
Whether the data spacing and distribution is
 
sufficient to establish the
 
degree
of geological
 
and grade
 
continuity appropriate
 
for the
 
Mineral Resource
 
and
Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied.
>
 
Whether sample compositing has been applied.
>
 
Spacing
 
and
 
distribution
 
of
 
data
 
point
 
information
 
may
 
vary
 
from
 
seam
 
to
 
seam
within each
 
mining area.
 
The areas
 
estimated for
 
coal resource
 
and coal
 
reserve
tonnes have
 
been limited
 
so that
 
the data
 
spacing and
 
distribution is
 
sufficient to
establish
 
the
 
degree
 
of
 
geological
 
continuity
 
appropriate
 
for
 
the
 
estimation
 
and
classification of the coal tonnes.
 
>
 
MM&A
 
performed
 
a
 
geostatistical
 
analysis
 
using
 
the
 
Drill
 
Hole
 
Spacing
 
Analysis
(
DHSA
)
 
method.
 
This method
 
attempts
 
to
 
quantify the
 
uncertainty of
 
applying a
measurement
 
from
 
a
 
central
 
location
 
to
 
increasingly
 
larger
 
square
 
blocks
 
and
provides
 
recommendations
 
for
 
determining
 
the
 
distances
 
between
 
drill
 
holes
 
for
measured, indicated, and inferred resources.
>
 
All
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
resource
 
tonnes
 
are
 
in
 
the
 
measured,
 
indicated,
 
and
 
inferred
categories,
 
and
 
all
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
reserve
 
tonnes
 
are
 
in
 
the
 
proved
 
and
 
probable
categories in accordance with the JORC Code and SEC standards.
 
Orientation of
data in
relation to
geological
structure
>
 
Whether the
 
orientation of
 
sampling achieves
 
unbiased sampling
 
of possible
structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type.
>
 
If the relationship
 
between the drilling
 
orientation and the
 
orientation of
 
key
mineralised structures
 
is considered
 
to have
 
introduced a
 
sampling bias,
 
this
should be assessed and reported if material.
>
 
Drill
 
holes
 
have
 
been
 
vertically
 
drilled.
 
No
 
downhole
 
deviation
 
logs
 
have
 
been
collected and
 
it is
 
therefore
 
not known
 
if the
 
drill holes
 
have deviated
 
away
 
from
vertical.
 
Based on the relatively
 
shallow seam depths, any
 
deviation is expected
 
to
be insignificant and immaterial to the geologic characterization of the Property.
>
 
The dip of
 
the coal seams
 
is relatively minor, generally 1-2
 
degrees, and not
 
a material
issue for representation of seam thickness or quality.
Sample
security
The measures taken to ensure sample security.
>
 
Sample handling procedures employed by explorationists
 
follow typical US protocol
and should be adequate to ensure sample security.
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data.
>
 
MM&A
 
has
 
reviewed
 
all
 
available
 
geological
 
information
 
for
 
the
 
Properties
 
in
developing the geologic
 
model.
 
Only that data
 
deemed suitable has
 
been used for
the purpose of generating the resource and reserve estimates.
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Mineral
tenement and
land tenure
status
>
 
Type, reference name/number,
 
location and ownership including agreements
or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships,
overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or
national park and environmental settings.
>
 
The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known
impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area.
>
 
The Coronado coal resources are located
 
within the United States
 
of America in the
states
 
of Virginia;
 
West
 
Virginia; and
 
Pennsylvania.
 
Control of
 
these Properties
 
is
governed by multiple agreements.
>
 
MM&A has not carried out separate title verification for the coal properties
 
and has
not verified leases,
 
deeds, surveys or
 
other property control
 
instruments pertinent
to the subject resources.
 
>
 
Coronado has
 
represented to
 
MM&A that
 
it controls
 
the mining
 
rights to
 
the coal
deposits as shown on its
 
property maps, and MM&A
 
has accepted these as being
 
a
true and accurate
 
depiction of the
 
mineral rights controlled
 
by Coronado.
 
The TRS
assumes
 
the
 
properties
 
are
 
developed
 
under
 
responsible
 
and
 
experienced
management.
>
 
There
 
are
 
no
 
known
 
legal
 
or
 
environmental
 
encumbrances
 
that
 
would
 
impede
development of the subject coal reserves.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
ex963p130i2 ex963p130i2 ex963p130i2 ex963p130i1 ex963p130i2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
4
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Exploration
done by other
parties
>
 
Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties.
>
 
The Properties have been extensively
 
explored by subsurface drilling efforts
 
carried
out
 
by
 
numerous
 
entities,
 
most
 
of
 
which
 
were
 
completed
 
prior to
 
acquisition
 
by
Coronado.
>
 
This
 
exploration
 
work
 
was
 
generally
 
performed
 
to
 
prevailing
 
US
 
best
 
practice
standards and deemed adequate for the purposes of this TRS.
 
Geology
>
 
Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation.
>
 
The
 
Coronado
 
coal
 
resources
 
are
 
located
 
within
 
the
 
Northern
 
and
 
Central
Appalachian Coal Basins.
>
 
The coal deposits are Carboniferous in age, being of the Pennsylvanian system
 
with.
sedimentary, stratigraphic deposition.
>
 
Seam of economic significance typically range between 0.3 meters and 1.8 meters in
thickness, with relatively little structural deformation.
>
 
Regional structure is typically
 
characterized by gently dipping strata to the
 
northwest
at less than one percent.
Drill hole
Information
>
 
A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration
results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill
holes:
 
easting and northing of the drill hole collar
 
elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in metres) of the
drill hole collar
 
dip and azimuth of the hole
 
down hole length and interception depth
 
hole length.
>
 
If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the
information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the
understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why
this is the case.
>
 
MM&A reviewed and entered
 
all pertinent data
 
into a digital
 
geologic database for
each Coronado property.
 
The database consists of thousands of data records, which
include drill hole
 
and supplemental coal seam
 
thickness measurements from outcrop
and mine exposures.
 
>
 
All drill holes in the
 
database are provided with a collar elevation and
 
the State Plane
Coordinate System easting and northing coordinate.
>
 
After MM&A confirmed proper
 
coal seam thickness and
 
correlation, the seam
 
data
was modelled and compiled into coal resource maps.
>
 
The maps are
 
provided in the
 
TRS and show
 
drill hole locations;
 
however, a tabulation
of the thousands of individual data records is not practical to include.
Data
aggregation
methods
>
 
In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum
and/or minimum grade truncations (e.g. cutting of high grades) and cut-off
grades are usually Material and should be stated.
>
 
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high grade results
and longer lengths of low grade results, the procedure used for such
aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations
should be shown in detail.
>
 
The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be
clearly stated.
>
 
If a
 
coal seam
 
has been
 
bench sampled,
 
the individual
 
analyses for
 
the coal
 
plies
would be weight-averaged
 
to represent the total of
 
recoverable coal to be
 
included
in the quality model.
>
 
Coal quality
 
summary results have
 
been documented in
 
the TRS.
 
Average coal quality
on a
 
per-seam basis
 
is used
 
to represent
 
the coal
 
resources within
 
a given
 
mining
area.
>
 
Average coal quality for each Coronado complex is provided in Tables 1-1, 1-2 and 1-
3 of this TRS.
 
>
 
No other data aggregations methods are used.
Relationship
between
mineralisation
widths and
intercept
lengths
>
 
These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration
Results.
>
 
If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is
known, its nature should be reported.
>
 
If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should
be a clear statement to this effect (e.g. ‘down hole length, true width not
known’).
>
 
Coal thickness values from all coal intersections and down
 
hole geophysical logs are
considered to be vertical thicknesses.
 
Seam dip of approximately 2.0 to 3.0 degrees
has little effect on the vertical thickness of the seam.
Diagrams
>
 
Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts
should be included for any significant discovery being reported These should
>
 
Diagrams and maps showing the coal seam intercepts are presented in the TRS.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
5
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar locations and
appropriate sectional views.
Balanced
reporting
>
 
Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable,
representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or widths should be
practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration Results.
>
 
All
 
of
 
the
 
available,
 
qualified
 
exploration
 
data
 
has
 
been
 
included
 
within
 
the
tabulations, maps, and diagrams for this TRS.
>
 
Both
 
coal
 
thickness
 
and
 
quality
 
data
 
are
 
deemed
 
by
 
MM&A
 
to
 
be
 
reasonably
sufficient
 
within
 
the
 
resource
 
areas.
 
Therefore,
 
there
 
is
 
a
 
reasonable
 
level
 
of
confidence in the geologic interpretations
 
required for coal resource
 
determination
based on the available data and the techniques applied to the data.
Other
substantive
exploration
data
>
 
Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported
including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey
results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of
treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater,
 
geotechnical
and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances.
>
 
Informational material available from
 
the U.S. Geological Survey
 
and the respective
State Surveys was used to assist in the Resource estimate.
 
Further work
>
 
The nature and scale of planned further work (e.g. tests for lateral extensions
or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
>
 
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the
main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this
information is not commercially sensitive.
>
 
Further work is expected to include
 
additional exploration, geotechnical testing, coal
quality analyses, and coal property acquisition.
 
Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Database integrity
>
 
Measures taken to ensure that data has not been corrupted by, for example,
transcription or keying errors, between its initial collection and its use for Mineral
Resource estimation purposes.
>
 
Data validation procedures used.
>
 
MM&A confirmed coal seam thickness and correlations
 
in databases used for coal
 
deposit
modelling.
 
Representative records were spot-checked for data entry validation.
 
>
 
Geophysical logs were used wherever available to assist in confirming the seam correlation
and to verify proper seam thickness measurements and recovery of coal samples.
Site
visits
>
 
Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome
of those visits.
>
 
If no site visits have been undertaken indicate why this is the case.
>
 
MM&A
 
is
 
very
 
familiar
 
with
 
the
 
Properties
 
and
 
has
 
conducted
 
multiple
 
site
 
visits
 
and
evaluations of the Property and adjoining properties throughout the years.
>
 
A site visit to Mon Valley was conducted as recently as December 2023, although there are
no facilities
 
or surface
 
expression of
 
the coal
 
reserves on
 
the Property.
 
Planned surface
areas for mine facilities were viewed.
Geological
interpretation
>
 
Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty of) the geological interpretation of the
mineral deposit.
>
 
Nature of the data used and of any assumptions made.
>
 
The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations
 
on Mineral Resource estimation.
>
 
The use of geology in guiding and controlling Mineral Resource estimation.
>
 
The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology.
>
 
Due to the relative structural simplicity
 
of the deposits and the
 
reasonable continuity of the
tabular coal beds, the principal geological interpretation necessary to define
 
the geometry
of the coal deposits is the proper modeling of their thickness and elevation.
 
>
 
Both coal
 
thickness and
 
quality data
 
are deemed
 
by MM&A
 
to be
 
reasonable within
 
the
resource areas.
 
>
 
Therefore, there is a reasonable level of confidence
 
in the geologic interpretations required
for coal resource determination based on the available
 
data and the techniques applied to
the data.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
6
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Dimensions
>
 
The extent and variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length (along strike
or otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to the upper and lower limits of
the Mineral Resource.
>
 
The subject coal
 
resource areas mostly
 
exist in discreet,
 
individual deposits
 
of highly variable
dimensions, shapes and depth below the ground surface.
>
 
Such factors are best depicted in the maps contained in the TRS.
>
 
Details
 
of
 
the
 
parameters
 
are
 
cited
 
within
 
the
 
TRS
 
and
 
included
 
in
 
the
 
table
 
of
 
Cut-off
Parameters listed in Section 11.1 of the TRS.
 
Estimation
and
modelling
techniques
>
 
The nature and appropriateness of the estimation technique(s) applied and key
assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade values, domaining, interpolation
parameters and maximum distance of extrapolation from data points. If a computer
assisted estimation method was chosen include a description of computer software
and parameters used.
>
 
The availability of check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine production
records and whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes appropriate account of
such data.
>
 
The assumptions made regarding recovery of by-products.
>
 
Estimation of deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of economic
significance (e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage characterisation).
>
 
In the case of block model interpolation, the block size in relation to the average
sample spacing and the search employed.
>
 
Any assumptions behind modelling of selective mining units.
>
 
Any assumptions about correlation between variables.
>
 
Description of how the geological interpretation was used to control the resource
estimates.
>
 
Discussion of basis for using or not using grade cutting or capping.
>
 
The process of validation, the checking process used, the comparison of model data
to drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if available.
>
 
Geological
 
data
 
was
 
imported
 
into
 
Carlson
 
Mining®
 
(formerly
 
SurvCADD®)
 
geological
modelling software
 
in the
 
form
 
of Microsoft®
 
Excel
 
files incorporating,
 
drill hole
 
collars,
seam and thickness picks, bottom seam elevations and raw and washed coal quality. These
data files were validated prior to importing into the software.
>
 
Once imported, a geologic model was created.
>
 
The geological model was verified and reviewed.
 
>
 
Resources were estimated by
 
defining seam thickness at each point of
 
observation and by
defining resource confidence arcs around the points of observation.
>
 
Points of observation for Measured and Indicated confidence arcs were
 
defined for all drill
holes that intersected the seam.
 
>
 
As prescribed
 
by the
 
common United
 
States classification
 
system
 
the following
 
distances
from points of observation were used to define the corresponding Resource category arcs:
-
 
Inferred Resources – greater than 3,960
 
feet (1.2 kilometers) but less
 
than 15,840 feet
(4.8 kilometers)
-
 
Indicated Resources – 3,960 feet (1.2 kilometers)
-
 
Measured Resources – 1,320 feet (0.4 kilometers)
>
 
The
 
use
 
of
 
the
 
standards
 
commonly
 
used
 
in
 
the
 
United
 
States
 
are
 
appropriate
 
and
customary for this resource jurisdiction and deposition type.
>
 
MM&A performed
 
a geostatistical
 
analysis test
 
of the
 
Coronado data
 
sets using
 
the Drill
Hole Spacing Analysis (DHSA) method to justify coal resource confidence levels.
>
 
Based on
 
MM&A’s
 
analysis, it
 
would be
 
possible to
 
extend the
 
measured, indicated
 
and
inferred
 
arcs
 
slightly
 
beyond
 
historically
 
accepted
 
practices
 
due
 
to
 
consistent
 
geological
settings.
 
The
 
QP’s
 
have
 
elected
 
not
 
to
 
extend
 
arc
 
distances,
 
introducing
 
a
 
level
 
of
conservatism in the coal classification.
Moisture
>
 
Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural moisture, and the
method of determination of the moisture content.
>
 
Coal resource tonnes are presented on a dry, in-situ basis.
>
 
Reserve tonnes are
 
presented on a
 
moist basis
 
at anticipated product
 
moisture ranging from
4.0 to
 
6.0 percent.
 
Moisture content
 
based on historic
 
analyses of
 
shipped coal
 
from the
region.
Cut-off Parameters
>
 
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied.
>
 
The
 
cut-off
 
parameters
 
were
 
tailored
 
for
 
each
 
of
 
the
 
Coronado
 
properties
 
to
 
be
 
in
accordance with
 
mining/ processing capabilities
 
and market
 
conditions prevalent
 
at each
operation.
>
 
Examples include
 
minimum recoverable
 
coal thickness,
 
acceptable ash
 
content and
 
wash
recovery, and manageable overburden to coal ratio for surface mineable coal.
>
 
Details
 
of
 
the
 
parameters
 
are
 
cited
 
within
 
the
 
TRS
 
and
 
included
 
in
 
the
 
table
 
of
 
Cut-off
Parameters listed in Section 11.1 of this TRS.
>
 
These cut-off parameters have been developed by MM&A based on its
 
experience with the
Coronado properties and other mining operations
 
of the Central and Northern Appalachian
coal
 
basin.
 
This
 
experience
 
includes
 
technical
 
and
 
economic
 
evaluations
 
of
 
numerous
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
7
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
properties
 
in
 
the
 
region
 
for
 
the
 
purposes
 
of
 
determining
 
the
 
economic
 
viability
 
of
 
the
subject coal reserves.
Mining factors or
assumptions
>
 
Assumptions made regarding possible mining methods, minimum mining dimensions
and internal (or, if applicable, external) mining dilution. It is always necessary as part
of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction
to consider potential mining methods, but the assumptions made regarding mining
methods and parameters when estimating Mineral Resources may not always be
rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the
basis of the mining assumptions made.
>
 
Mining factors
 
such as
 
dilution, mining
 
and washing
 
recovery are
 
variable and
 
have been
applied at the coal deposits at each operation based on site-specific characteristics.
>
 
Details of the factors are cited within the TRS.
>
 
Factors that would typically preclude
 
conversion of a coal
 
resource to coal reserve
 
include
the following: inferred resource classification; absence of coal quality; poor mine recovery;
lack
 
of
 
access;
 
insufficient
 
exploration;
 
or
 
uncontrolled
 
surface
 
property
 
for
 
areas
 
of
proposed for surface mining.
 
>
 
While such factors were
 
used to preclude the
 
conversion of a
 
very limited number of
 
coal
resources to coal reserves
 
in this report, the extensive
 
history of mining on the
 
Properties
would suggest that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extractions of all
coal resources under favorable market conditions.
Metallurgical factors
or assumptions
>
 
The basis for assumptions or predictions regarding metallurgical amenability. It is
always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for
eventual economic extraction to consider potential metallurgical methods, but the
assumptions regarding metallurgical treatment processes and parameters made
when reporting Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the
case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the metallurgical
assumptions made.
>
 
The products mined
 
from coal resources controlled
 
by Coronado can
 
be sold into
 
high-, mid-
,
 
and
 
low-volatile
 
metallurgical
 
coal
 
markets
 
because
 
of
 
their
 
inherent
 
quality
characteristics.
 
>
 
Run-of-mine
 
production is
 
washed
 
at
 
the
 
coal
 
preparation
 
plants
 
as
 
needed
 
for
 
quality
control.
 
>
 
Coronado may
 
blend production from
 
multiple sources to
 
manage ash and
 
sulfur content
along with the rheological and petrographic characteristics of the shipped products.
 
Environmental
factors or
assumptions
>
 
Assumptions made regarding possible waste and process residue disposal options. It
is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for
eventual economic extraction to consider the potential environmental impacts of the
mining and processing operation.
 
While at this stage the determination of potential
environmental impacts, particularly for a greenfields project, may not always be well
advanced, the status of early consideration of these potential environmental impacts
should be reported. Where these aspects have not been considered this should be
reported with an explanation of the environmental assumptions made.
>
 
A study completed on behalf of Coronado for Mon Valley has identified a Preferred Site for
refuse
 
disposal
 
at
 
Pangburn
 
with
 
capacity
 
of
 
22.6 million
 
cubic
 
meters.
 
Estimated
requirements for
 
Pangburn and
 
Shaner combined is
 
29.7 million tonnes or
 
approximately
13.2 million cubic meters.
 
Permitting for such a facility is anticipated to be achievable.
>
 
MM&A completed a Limited Phase I
 
Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) on the Buchanan
property in April 2016, and on the Logan County and Greenbrier Properties in May 2017 on
behalf of Coronado.
 
Coronado reports not having conducted such
 
a study since the MM&A
studies.
 
>
 
The ESAs
 
completed by
 
MM&A included
 
a site
 
inspection, review
 
of historical
 
records,
 
a
database search of State and
 
Federal regulatory records and interviews to
 
identify potential
recognized environmental conditions (RECs) that may create environmental liability for the
sites.
 
>
 
MM&A
 
identified one
 
REC
 
at
 
Greenbrier
 
associated
 
with
 
stained
 
soil
 
and
 
gravel
 
near
 
a
fueling and
 
maintenance area.
 
Coronado reported
 
to
 
MM&A
 
that satisfactory
 
clean-up
efforts were completed at Greenbrier.
 
>
 
Based on these former ESAs completed by
 
MM&A, it is MM&A’s opinion that Coronado has
a generally typical coal industry record of
 
compliance with applicable mining,
 
water quality,
and
 
environmental
 
laws.
 
Estimated
 
costs
 
for
 
mine
 
closure,
 
including
 
water
 
quality
monitoring during site reclamation, are included in the TRS financial models.
 
Bulk density
>
 
Whether assumed or determined. If assumed, the basis for the assumptions. If
determined, the method used, whether wet or dry, the frequency of the
measurements, the nature, size and representativeness of the samples.
>
 
Laboratory derived seam densities measured in specific gravity were used where available.
 
As needed, these data were supplemented by estimated seam density values based on the
relative proportion of coal and
 
non-coal material within the seam
 
(typically at 1.30 and 2.25
specific gravity, respectively).
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
8
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
 
The bulk density for bulk material must have been measured by methods that
adequately account for void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc), moisture and differences
between rock and alteration zones within the deposit.
>
 
Discuss assumptions for bulk density estimates used in the evaluation process of the
different materials.
>
 
Average
 
seam
 
density
 
was
 
determined
 
for
 
each
 
coal
 
deposit
 
and
 
used
 
to
 
convert
 
coal
volumes into coal tonnage estimates.
Classification
>
 
The basis for the classification of the Mineral Resources into varying confidence
categories.
>
 
Whether appropriate account has been taken of all relevant factors (i.e. relative
confidence in tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input data, confidence in
continuity of geology and metal values, quality, quantity and distribution of the
data).
>
 
Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent
>
 
Person’s view of the deposit.
>
 
The Resource has
 
been classified based
 
on suitable distances
 
from points
 
of observations
prescribed in the common United States classification system.
>
 
The
 
use
 
of
 
the
 
United
 
States
 
standards
 
is
 
appropriate
 
and
 
customary
 
for
 
this
 
resource
jurisdiction and deposition type.
>
 
MM&A performed
 
a geostatistical
 
analysis test
 
of the
 
Coronado data
 
sets using
 
the Drill
Hole Spacing Analysis (DHSA) method.
>
 
Based on
 
MM&A’s
 
analysis, it
 
would be
 
possible to
 
extend the
 
measured, indicated
 
and
inferred
 
arcs
 
slightly
 
beyond
 
historically
 
accepted
 
practices
 
due
 
to
 
consistent
 
geological
settings.
 
The
 
QP’s
 
have
 
elected
 
not
 
to
 
extend
 
arc
 
distances,
 
introducing
 
a
 
level
 
of
conservatism in the coal classification.
>
 
All relevant factors have been
 
accounted for and reflect
 
the Competent Person’s view of
 
the
deposit.
Audits or reviews
>
 
The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral Resource estimates.
>
 
MM&A completed prepared a statement
 
of coal resources and reserves for the
 
Properties
in accordance
 
with the
 
JORC Code
 
as
 
of December 31,
 
2017.
 
MM&A also
 
subsequently
updated the
 
estimate of
 
resources and
 
reserves for
 
depletion as
 
of December 31,
 
2018,
December 31, 2019, December 31, 2020,
 
December 31, 2021,
 
and December 31, 2022.
>
 
MM&A performed a previous
 
audit of the
 
Properties in year
 
2017 for Coronado
 
based on
U.S.
 
Securities and
 
Exchange
 
Commission (SEC)
 
Industry Guide
 
7
 
and
 
USGS
 
Circular 891
standards.
 
>
 
Earlier audits were performed by various independent consultants for predecessors-in-title
to
 
Coronado
 
and
 
at
 
various
 
levels
 
of
 
detail
 
depending
 
on
 
the
 
clients
 
concerns
 
and
 
the
allotted time for
 
completion.
 
Previous audits and
 
reviews defined the
 
primary coal resource
areas and estimated the
 
recoverable tonnes for
 
each seam based on
 
the expected mining
methods.
 
>
 
Additionally,
 
MM&A
 
has
 
performed
 
proprietary
 
evaluations
 
for
 
predecessors-in-title
 
to
Coronado, which encompass portions of the Properties included in this TRS.
Discussion of relative
accuracy/ confidence
>
 
Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the
Mineral Resource estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by
the Competent Person. For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the resource within stated
confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative
discussion of the factors that could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the
estimate.
>
 
The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if
local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and
economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the
procedures used.
>
 
These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be
compared with production data, where available.
>
 
The relative accuracy of and confidence in the coal tonnage and quality estimates provided
herein are judged to be in conformance with current industry best-practices.
 
>
 
The
 
representation
 
of
 
average
 
coal
 
quality
 
characteristics
 
should
 
be
 
understood
 
to
represent a reasonably
 
representative sampling
 
that is generally
 
indicative of coal
 
quality
and does not represent a statistically rigorous approach to coal quality modeling.
>
 
Resource estimation
 
has been
 
completed using
 
standard coal
 
estimation methods
 
which
are deemed appropriate for this deposit.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
9
Section 4 Estimation and Reporting of Ore Reserves
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Mineral Resource
estimate for
conversion to Ore
Reserves
 
>
 
Description of the Mineral Resource estimate used as a basis for the conversion to an
Ore Reserve.
>
 
The coal resource estimate was prepared
 
as part of the report Coronado Global Resources
Inc. Statement of
 
Coal Resources and
 
Reserves in Accordance with
 
JORC Code and United
States SEC
 
Standards as
 
of December 31,
 
2023 –
 
Northern and
 
Central Appalachian
 
Coal
Basins – Virginia,
 
West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
– February 2024
 
prepared by MM&A.
>
 
The resource estimation criteria were developed by
 
MM&A based on the capabilities
 
of the
mining equipment used
 
within the production model
 
and on industry-accepted
 
standards
to
 
assure
 
that the
 
basic
 
geologic characteristics
 
of
 
the coal
 
resources
 
are
 
in reasonable
conformity with those to be mined and marketed by Coronado.
>
 
Clear statement as to whether the Mineral Resources are reported additional to, or
inclusive of, the Ore Reserves.
>
 
Coal
 
resources
 
generally
 
are
 
reported
 
inclusive
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
reserves.
 
In
 
some
 
cases,
resources are reported in addition
 
to coal reserves.
 
Tables 1-1
 
and 11-3 of the TRS clearly
identify resources “inclusive of mine plan” from
 
which coal reserves were estimated along
with those resources “exclusive of mine plan” from which no reserves were estimated.
 
Site visits
 
>
 
Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome
of those visits.
>
 
MM&A is very
 
familiar with
 
the Properties
 
and has conducted
 
multiple site visits
 
and reserve
evaluations throughout the years.
>
 
A site visit
 
was conducted to Mon Valley as recently as December 2023 to assess proposed
surface mine facilities areas.
 
Currently there are no mine facilities or surface expression of
the coal reserve on the Property.
Study status
 
>
 
The type and level of study undertaken to enable Mineral Resources to be converted
to Ore Reserves.
>
 
A preliminary feasibility LOM plan was prepared by MM&A for active and proposed mines.
 
>
 
The Code requires that a study to at least Pre-Feasibility Study level has been
undertaken to convert Mineral Resources to Ore Reserves. Such studies will have
been carried out and will have determined a mine plan that is technically achievable
and economically viable, and that material Modifying Factors have been considered.
>
 
This
 
geologic
 
evaluation
 
conducted
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
JORC
 
and
 
SEC
 
standards
 
and
 
in
conjunction with the preliminary feasibility study is sufficient to conclude that
 
the surface,
highwall miner and
 
underground coal reserves
 
identified on the
 
Properties are economically
mineable under
 
reasonable expectations of
 
market prices for thermal
 
and metallurgical coal
products, estimated operation costs, and capital expenditures.
>
 
The pre-feasibility financial models, prepared by MM&A for
 
this TRS, was developed to test
the economic viability of each coal resource area.
>
 
Proved
 
and
 
probable
 
coal
 
reserve
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
defined
 
in-situ
 
coal
 
resource
considering
 
relevant
 
processing,
 
economic
 
(including
 
independent
 
estimates
 
of
 
capital,
revenue and cost, marketing, legal, environmental, socioeconomic, and regulatory factors).
Cut-off parameters
 
>
 
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied.
>
 
The
 
cut-off
 
parameters
 
were
 
tailored
 
for
 
each
 
of
 
the
 
Coronado
 
properties
 
to
 
be
 
in
accordance with
 
mining/ processing capabilities
 
and market
 
conditions prevalent
 
at each
operation.
>
 
Examples include
 
minimum recoverable
 
coal thickness,
 
acceptable ash
 
content and
 
wash
recovery, and manageable overburden to coal ratio for surface mineable coal.
>
 
Details
 
of
 
the
 
parameters
 
are
 
cited
 
within
 
the
 
TRS
 
and
 
included
 
in
 
the
 
table
 
of
 
Cut-off
Parameters listed in Section 11.1 of this TRS.
>
 
These cut-off parameters have been developed by MM&A based on its
 
experience with the
Coronado
 
properties
 
and
 
are
 
typical
 
of
 
mining
 
operations
 
in
 
the
 
Central
 
and
 
Northern
Appalachian coal
 
basin.
 
This experience
 
includes technical
 
and economic
 
evaluations of
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
10
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
numerous properties in the
 
region for the
 
purposes of determining the
 
economic viability
of the subject coal reserves.
Mining factors or
assumptions
 
>
 
The method and assumptions used as reported in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility
Study to convert the Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve (i.e. either by application of
appropriate factors by optimisation or by preliminary or detailed design).
>
 
After validating
 
coal seam
 
data and
 
establishing correlations,
 
the thickness
 
and elevation
for seams of economic interest were used to generate a geologic model.
>
 
A pre-feasibility LOM plan was prepared by MM&A for active and proposed mines.
 
MM&A
prepared
 
mine
 
projections
 
and
 
production
 
timing
 
forecasts
 
based
 
on
 
coal
 
seam
characteristics.
 
Production timing was carried
 
out from 2024
 
to depletion (exhaustion) of
the coal reserve areas.
>
 
The choice, nature and appropriateness of the selected mining method(s) and other
mining parameters including associated design issues such as pre-strip, access, etc.
>
 
The
 
room-and-pillar
 
mining
 
method
 
was
 
selected
 
to
 
model
 
the
 
underground
 
mining
resources, utilizing continuous
 
miners for coal
 
extraction, shuttle cars
 
for production section
haulage and roof bolters for
 
roof control, with the exception
 
that the Buchanan Mine also
uses longwall shearers, armored face conveyors, and hydraulic self-advancing roof support.
 
The resource
 
areas
 
located
 
above
 
drainage
 
are
 
relatively
 
small and
 
often
 
have
 
irregular
boundaries. The
 
Buchanan Mine
 
in Buchanan
 
County,
 
Virginia is
 
the only
 
active longwall
mine currently being operated by Coronado.
>
 
The
 
Coronado
 
underground
 
mining
 
resource
 
areas
 
which
 
are
 
located
 
above-drainage
require an
 
access road and
 
mine access development
 
along the outcrop,
 
whereas below-
drainage
 
mines
 
are
 
accessed
 
via
 
shaft
 
or
 
slope
 
based
 
on
 
other
 
proposed
 
surface
infrastructure locations and/or surface property control.
 
>
 
The surface mining method selected utilizes highly productive hydraulic
 
shovels, front-end
loaders,
 
large
 
tractors
 
and
 
rock
 
trucks
 
for
 
overburden
 
removal.
 
The
 
mobile equipment
spreads adapt readily to winding coal outcrops for
 
contour surface mining and are effective
for point-removal and area mining applications.
>
 
Application
 
of
 
highwall
 
and
 
auger
 
mining
 
units
 
is
 
an
 
effective
 
method
 
to
 
recover
 
coal
resources
 
not
 
suitable
 
for
 
underground
 
mining
 
and
 
under
 
excessive
 
cover
 
for
 
surface
mining.
>
 
The assumptions made regarding geotechnical parameters (e.g. pit slopes, stope
sizes, etc.), grade control and pre-production drilling.
>
 
Mining plans for
 
potential underground
 
mines were developed
 
by MM&A.
 
Pillar stability
was tested
 
by MM&A
 
using the
 
Analysis of
 
Coal Pillar
 
Stability (ACPS)
 
program
 
that was
developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
 
>
 
Coronado
 
must
 
obtain
 
approved
 
mining
 
plans
 
from
 
United
 
States
 
Department
 
of
 
Labor
Mine
 
Safety
 
and
 
Health
 
Administration
 
(MSHA)
 
that
 
define
 
safety
 
parameters
 
for
 
the
highwalls developed during
 
contour and
 
area mining.
 
MM&A’s
 
planning model does
 
not
require
 
input
 
of
 
specific
 
highwall
 
design
 
parameters,
 
but
 
provides
 
for
 
timing
 
of
 
mining
within mine plan polygons that is representative of
 
the operation performance attained at
Central Appalachia surface mines.
>
 
Highwall and auger mining is conducted under
 
highwalls designed and constructed to meet
MSHA permit requirements.
 
To better
 
assure highwall stability and safety
 
during highwall
coal
 
extraction,
 
MSHA
 
requires
 
that
 
coal
 
fenders,
 
or
 
stumps,
 
be
 
left
 
in
 
place
 
between
successive cuts.
 
Periodic
 
barrier pillars
 
must
 
be left
 
in place
 
as
 
an
 
additional safeguard.
 
MM&A has adjusted the
 
expected mining recovery for highwall and
 
auger mining resources
to reflect highwall stability and safety requirements.
>
 
The major assumptions made and Mineral Resource model used for pit and stope
optimisation (if appropriate).
>
 
Underground Mining Resources:
 
For metallurgical resources, minimum coal
 
seam thickness
extends down to between 0.6 and 1.2 meters and a minimum overburden (depth of cover)
of 30.5 meters.
 
A 61-meter horizontal
 
distance is maintained from
 
abandoned mines and
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
11
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
sealed or
 
pillared areas,
 
and a
 
30-meter horizontal
 
distance is
 
maintained from
 
planned
highwall miner panels.
 
Mine recovery is reduced when a rider coal
 
seam is present within
a 1.5- to 3.0-meter interval above the coal seam.
 
No mining is projected when the interval
between overlying and underlying reserves is less than 12 meters.
>
 
Surface Mining Resources:
 
For classification as a
 
surface-mineable resource, a seam
 
must
be at
 
least 0.3
 
meters
 
in thickness
 
as
 
a stand-alone
 
(principal) seam
 
and 0.15
 
meters
 
in
thickness when less than 0.8 meters from a principal seam.
 
The maximum cumulative area
mining strip ratio
 
is generally 20:1
 
for thermal coal
 
and 30:1 for
 
metallurgical coal.
 
Some
areas
 
were
 
assessed
 
for
 
their
 
economic
 
viability at
 
higher
 
ratios,
 
and
 
were
 
included
 
as
reserves if deemed economic.
 
For contour surface mining, a
 
minimum of 38-meter bench
is provided to support HWM.
>
 
HWM
 
and
 
Auger
 
Mining
 
Resources:
 
HWM
 
cut
 
depth
 
(penetration)
 
is
 
established
 
at
 
a
maximum of 244
 
meters.
 
The minimum mineable
 
coal thickness is
 
limited at
 
0.6 meters.
For coal seams less than 0.8 meters thick, roof and/or floor characteristics
 
must allow OSD
cutting
 
to
 
maintain
 
a
 
0.8-meter
 
minimum
 
cutting
 
height.
 
Auger
 
mining
 
cut
 
depth
 
is
established at an average of 91 meters.
 
The minimum mineable coal thickness is limited at
0.5 meters.
>
 
The mining dilution factors used.
>
 
Underground Mining Reserves:
 
The planning model assigns
 
minimum mining heights of 1.4
to 1.8 meters for mains and
 
panel development.
 
At the Buchanan Mine, a
 
minimum mining
height of 1.8 meters
 
was used due to
 
the longwall mining method
 
being employed.
 
For coal
seams
 
thinner
 
than
 
the
 
assigned
 
mining
 
height,
 
the
 
difference
 
between
 
the
 
coal
 
seam
height and assigned mining height consists of
 
OSD.
 
In all cases a minimum
 
of 0.05 meters
of OSD was assumed, with the exception of
 
the Mon Valley mines, where
 
a minimum 0.15
meters of OSD was assumed due to weaker floor strata.
>
 
Surface Mining Reserves:
 
Area mining is generally limited to a cumulative
 
overburden ratio
of 30:1
 
and
 
a
 
15:1
 
ratio
 
for
 
contour
 
mining.
 
Exceptions
 
were
 
considered
 
for
 
mining
 
of
metallurgical grade coal where deemed
 
economical.
 
It is assumed that careful cleaning
 
of
exposed coal pits will result in minimal OSD.
>
 
HWM and Auger Mining Reserves:
 
The mining plan assumes that the HWM cutting height
is a minimum of 76
 
to 99 centimeters
 
for clearance purposes.
 
When the coal seam
 
is less
than 76 to 99
 
centimeters thick, OSD assumed
 
and included in the ROM
 
product. Because
the
 
auger
 
has
 
very
 
limited
 
OSD
 
cutting
 
ability,
 
it
 
is
 
assumed
 
that
 
an
 
appropriate
 
auger
diameter will be chosen based on the coal seam thickness and that OSD will be minimal.
>
 
The mining recovery factors used.
>
 
Underground Mining Reserves:
 
Mine recovery generally varies between 40 and 60 percent
for continuous mining panels, and 100 percent for longwall.
>
 
Surface Mining Reserves:
 
Mining recovery is 90
 
percent for virgin
 
areas.
 
Mining recovery
is reduced where
 
second mining is
 
projected in previously
 
underground and auger
 
mined
areas.
>
 
HWM and
 
Auger Mining
 
Reserves:
 
A mine
 
recovery of
 
40 percent
 
has been
 
applied for
HWM. A mine recovery of 35 percent has been applied for auger mining.
>
 
Any minimum mining widths used.
>
 
Underground Mining Reserves:
 
Typical entry width is 5.8 to 6.1 meters.
>
 
The manner in which Inferred Mineral Resources are utilised in mining studies and
the sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion.
>
 
Proved
 
and
 
probable
 
coal
 
reserve
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
defined
 
in-situ
 
coal
 
resource
considering
 
relevant
 
processing,
 
economic
 
(including
 
independent
 
estimates
 
of
 
capital,
revenue and cost, marketing, legal, environmental, socioeconomic, and regulatory factors).
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
12
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
 
Mine
 
plan
 
LOM
 
tonnage
 
includes
 
inferred
 
coal
 
and
 
those
 
areas
 
that
 
do
 
not
 
meet
 
the
minimum coal thickness requirement for classification as reserve.
 
Inferred coal represents
approximately 0.6% of the LOM
 
production for Mon Valley and 0.000001% of
 
the total LOM
production for Logan.
 
None of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
>
 
The infrastructure requirements of the selected mining methods.
>
 
Underground Mining Resources:
 
The continuous mining
 
method provides for
 
the extraction
of coal from the production faces using continuous miners (and longwall shearing machine
at Buchanan) and haulage using shuttle cars or battery haulers to a feeder-breaker
 
located
at the tail of the section conveyor belt.
 
The feeder-breaker crushes large pieces of coal and
rock and regulates coal feed
 
onto the mine conveyor.
 
A chain conveyor is used to
 
remove
coal from
 
the longwall
 
face at
 
the Buchanan
 
Mine for
 
placement onto
 
the conveyor
 
belt
which is ultimately
 
delivered to an underground storage bunker.
 
Roof-bolting machines are
used to
 
install roof
 
bolts, and
 
battery scoops
 
are available
 
to clean
 
the mine
 
entries and
assist in delivery of
 
mine supplies to
 
work areas.
 
Surface ventilation fans
 
are installed as
needed to provide a sufficient
 
volume of air to ventilate
 
production sections, coal haulage
and
 
transport
 
entries,
 
battery
 
charging
 
stations,
 
and
 
transformers
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
approved plans.
>
 
Coronado
 
currently
 
operates
 
three
 
coal
 
preparation
 
plants,
 
one
 
each
 
at
 
the
 
Buchanan,
Logan
 
County and
 
Greenbrier Divisions.
 
The Buchanan
 
Plant
 
operates
 
at a
 
feed
 
rate
 
of
approximately 907
 
raw tonnes per
 
hour (tph), whereas
 
the Saunders Plant
 
(Logan County
Division)
 
has
 
a
 
nominal
 
feed
 
rate
 
of
 
816
 
tph,
 
and
 
the
 
Mountaineer
 
Plant
 
(Greenbrier
Division) operates
 
at
 
544 tph.
 
MM&A has
 
included capital
 
estimates
 
for
 
construction of
additional coal
 
preparation plants
 
at the
 
Russell County
 
and Mon
 
Valley
 
Complex for
 
the
purposes of this TRS.
 
>
 
Surface
 
Mining
 
Resources:
 
The
 
surface
 
mining
 
mobile
 
equipment
 
spreads
 
advance
 
the
contour and area mining pits while systematically
 
reclaiming the trailing side of pits where
coal
 
has
 
been
 
removed.
 
The
 
coal
 
haul
 
roads
 
are
 
extended
 
and
 
maintained
 
as
 
the
 
pits
advance.
 
Support facilities
 
are maintained
 
nearby but
 
away from
 
the active
 
mining, and
include storage areas for blasting agents, fuel and lubricants, and mine supplies along with
maintenance facilities and offices.
 
Most of the surface mine production is transported to a
loading point for crushing, blending and direct-shipment to customers.
 
>
 
HWM and Auger Resources: The HWM equipment advances along with the contour mining
pits.
 
The rate of advance of the
 
contour mining is governed by the
 
advancement rate of the
HWM.
 
A diesel-powered
 
generator trails
 
the highwall
 
miner and
 
powers the
 
continuous
mining unit.
 
Other support facilities
 
are provided
 
along with the
 
contour mining
 
support
facilities.
 
HWM
 
production is
 
all
 
transported
 
by
 
truck to
 
the coal
 
preparation
 
plant
 
for
washing.
Metallurgical factors
or assumptions
 
>
 
The metallurgical process proposed and the appropriateness of that process to the
style of mineralisation.
>
 
Coarse material is washed in a heavy medium vessel.
 
Intermediate-size material is washed
in heavy medium cyclones.
 
Fine material is washed using conventional froth flotation cells.
>
 
Whether the metallurgical process is well-tested technology or novel in nature.
>
 
Processes are
 
typical of
 
those
 
used
 
in the
 
coal
 
industry and
 
are
 
in
 
use
 
at
 
adjacent coal
processing plants.
>
 
The nature, amount and representativeness of metallurgical test work undertaken,
the nature of the metallurgical domaining applied and the corresponding
metallurgical recovery factors applied.
>
 
The
 
quality
 
characteristics
 
for
 
the
 
subject
 
coal
 
resources
 
and
 
coal
 
reserves
 
have
 
been
reviewed in
 
detail by
 
MM&A.
 
The drill
 
hole data
 
were
 
utilized
 
to develop
 
average
 
coal
quality characteristics
 
mining
 
site.
 
These average
 
coal quality
 
characteristics
 
were
 
then
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
13
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
utilized as
 
the basis for
 
determining the
 
various markets
 
into which
 
the saleable coal
 
will
likely be placed.
>
 
Any assumptions or allowances made for deleterious elements.
>
 
No
 
significant
 
effects
 
on
 
product
 
quality
 
are
 
anticipated
 
from
 
dilution
 
material;
 
float
product quality was used to model final product quality.
>
 
The existence of any bulk sample or pilot scale test work and the degree to which
such samples are considered representative of the orebody as a whole
>
 
No bulk sample or pilot scale work has been completed.
>
 
For minerals that are defined by a specification, has the ore reserve estimation been
based on the appropriate mineralogy to meet specifications?
>
 
Notwithstanding the complexity
 
of the coal
 
quality data set,
 
the seams of
 
the central and
northern Appalachian
 
coalfields have a long
 
history of providing
 
both high-Btu thermal
 
coals
and high-, mid- and low-volatile coking coals with favorable metallurgical properties.
Environmental
 
>
 
The status of studies of potential environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation. Details of waste rock characterisation and the consideration of
potential sites, status of design options considered and, where applicable, the status
of approvals for process residue storage and waste dumps should be reported.
>
 
A study completed on behalf of Coronado has identified a Preferred Site for refuse disposal
at
 
Pangburn
 
with
 
capacity
 
of
 
22.6 million
 
cubic
 
meters.
 
Estimated
 
requirements
 
for
Pangburn and Shaner combined is 29.7 million tonnes or approximately 13.2 million.
>
 
MM&A completed a Limited Phase I
 
Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) on the Buchanan
property in April 2016, and on the Logan County and Greenbrier Properties in May 2017 on
behalf of Coronado.
>
 
MM&A
 
identified one
 
REC
 
at
 
Greenbrier
 
associated
 
with
 
stained
 
soil
 
and
 
gravel
 
near
 
a
fueling and
 
maintenance area.
 
Coronado reported
 
to
 
MM&A
 
that satisfactory
 
clean-up
efforts were completed at Greenbrier.
>
 
Based on these former ESAs completed by
 
MM&A, it is MM&A’s opinion that Coronado has
a generally typical coal industry record of
 
compliance with applicable mining,
 
water quality,
and
 
environmental
 
laws.
 
Estimated
 
costs
 
for
 
mine
 
closure,
 
including
 
water
 
quality
monitoring during site reclamation, are included in the TRS financial models.
Infrastructure
 
>
 
The existence of appropriate infrastructure: availability of land for plant
development, power, water,
 
transportation (particularly for bulk commodities),
labour, accommodation; or the ease with which the infrastructure can be provided
or accessed.
>
 
Coronado
 
currently
 
operates
 
one
 
surface
 
mine
 
(Toney
 
Fork
 
Mine
 
at
 
the
 
Logan
 
Mine
Complex); Coronado
 
also controls
 
the idle
 
Midland Surface
 
Mine at
 
the Greenbrier
 
Mine
Complex.
 
>
 
Coronado operates
 
five underground
 
mines as
 
follows:
 
Buchanan Mine at
 
the Buchanan
Mine Complex;
 
Winifrede, Eagle
 
No. 1,
 
Muddy Bridge
 
and Lower
 
War Eagle
 
Mines in
 
the
Logan
 
Mine
 
Complex;
 
the
 
Mountaineer
 
#1
 
Mine
 
at
 
the
 
Greenbrier
 
Mine
 
Complex
 
is
currently idle.
>
 
All ROM production is currently
 
planned for either truck transportation
 
from the mines
 
to
the processing or
 
shipping facilities,
 
or in some
 
cases there is
 
either a current
 
or planned
mine mouth preparation plant and barge/rail loading facility.
 
>
 
There is a network of public
 
highways that provide serviceable coal haul routes and
 
private,
internal roads on the Properties would be developed as may be needed.
 
Rail service to the
Properties
 
is
 
most
 
readily
 
provided
 
by
 
NS
 
and
 
CSX
 
with
 
connections
 
to
 
both
 
domestic
consumers
 
and
 
international
 
trans-shipment
 
points.
 
NS
 
track
 
is
 
located
 
across
 
the
Monongahela River from
 
the proposed Pangburn
 
Hollow load-out facility.
 
Coal would be
shipped to
 
customers via barge
 
and rail and
 
sold as
 
both metallurgical and
 
thermal products.
 
Costs
 
>
 
The derivation of, or assumptions made, regarding projected capital costs in the
study.
>
 
The methodology used to estimate operating costs.
>
 
Coronado
 
provided
 
historical
 
and
 
5-year
 
budget
 
operating
 
costs
 
for
 
its
 
active mines
 
for
MM&A’s review.
 
MM&A used the historical and/or budget cost information as a reference
and developed
 
personnel schedules
 
for each
 
mine.
 
Hourly labor
 
rates and
 
salaries were
based upon information contained in Coronado’s financial summaries.
 
Fringe benefit costs
were
 
developed
 
for
 
vacation
 
and
 
holidays,
 
federal
 
and
 
state
 
unemployment
 
insurance,
retirement,
 
workers’
 
compensation
 
and
 
pneumoconiosis,
 
casualty
 
and
 
life
 
insurance,
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
14
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
healthcare
 
and
 
bonuses.
 
A
 
cost
 
factor
 
for
 
mine
 
supplies
 
was
 
developed
 
that
 
relates
expenditures to mine
 
advance rates
 
for roof
 
control costs
 
and other mine
 
supply costs at
underground
 
mines.
 
Other
 
factors
 
were
 
developed
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
repair
 
costs,
rentals, mine power, outside services and other direct mining costs.
>
 
Surface mine direct
 
operating costs
 
were developed as
 
a function of
 
overburden ratio
 
for
repair and
 
maintenance supplies,
 
diesel fuel,
 
explosives and
 
blasting, and
 
miscellaneous
supplies and
 
services.
 
Operating costs for highwall
 
mines are based
 
on costs per
 
ROM tonne
estimates.
 
Other cost factors were developed for coal preparation plant processing, refuse
handling, coal loading,
 
trucking, property taxes,
 
and insurance and
 
bonding.
 
Appropriate
royalty
 
rates
 
were
 
assigned for
 
production from
 
leased coal
 
lands and
 
sales
 
taxes
 
were
calculated for state severance taxes, the federal black lung excise tax, and federal and state
reclamation fees.
>
 
Capital schedules were developed
 
by MM&A for mine development,
 
infrastructure, and on-
going capital requirements for the life of each projected mine.
>
 
Staffing levels were prepared
 
and operating costs estimated
 
by MM&A for each projected
mine.
 
MM&A utilized historical cost
 
data provided by Coronado
 
and its own
 
knowledge and
experience to estimate direct and indirect operating costs.
 
>
 
Allowances made for the content of deleterious elements.
>
 
No
 
allowances
 
have
 
been
 
made
 
for
 
deleterious
 
elements;
 
no
 
impact
 
to
 
quality
 
from
deleterious elements is anticipated.
>
 
The derivation of assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal
minerals and co- products.
>
 
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for
 
all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is
derived from
 
market
 
observed forward
 
estimates
 
based on
 
global economic
 
supply and
demand
 
analysis
 
which
 
is
 
applied
 
to
 
mine
 
plan
 
sales
 
volumes
 
and
 
product
 
mix
 
and
 
is
supplemented
 
with
 
Coronado’s
 
in-house
 
knowledge
 
of
 
applicable
 
rail
 
transportation
charges,
 
ocean
 
freight
 
charges
 
and
 
port
 
charges.
 
Coal
 
price
 
forecasts
 
for
 
the
 
various
products were
 
provided by
 
Coronado for
 
various coal
 
markets in
 
terms of
 
US real
 
dollars
per metric tonne.
 
MM&A applied a
 
2% inflation factor
 
in order
 
to estimate
 
the prices in
nominal dollars.
>
 
Derivation of transportation charges.
>
 
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for
 
all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is
derived from
 
market
 
observed forward
 
estimates
 
based on
 
global economic
 
supply and
demand
 
analysis
 
which
 
is
 
applied
 
to
 
mine
 
plan
 
sales
 
volumes
 
and
 
product
 
mix
 
and
 
is
supplemented
 
with
 
Coronado’s
 
in-house
 
knowledge
 
of
 
applicable
 
rail
 
transportation
charges, ocean
 
freight charges and
 
port charges Coal
 
price forecasts for the
 
various products
were provided by Coronado for
 
various coal markets in
 
terms of US real dollars
 
per metric
tonne.
 
MM&A
 
applied a
 
2%
 
inflation
 
factor
 
in
 
order
 
to
 
estimate
 
the
 
prices
 
in nominal
dollars.
>
 
The basis for forecasting or source of treatment and refining charges, penalties for
failure to meet specification, etc.
>
 
MM&A
 
utilized
 
historical
 
cost
 
data
 
provided
 
by
 
Coronado
 
and
 
its
 
own
 
knowledge
 
and
experience to estimate direct and indirect operating costs.
 
All ROM production is currently
planned
 
for
 
either
 
truck
 
transportation
 
from
 
the
 
mines
 
to
 
the
 
processing
 
or
 
shipping
facilities, or in
 
some cases there
 
is either a
 
current or planned
 
mine mouth preparation
 
plant
and barge/rail loading facility.
>
 
The allowances made for royalties payable, both Government and private.
>
 
Appropriate royalty
 
rates
 
were assigned
 
for production
 
from leased
 
coal lands
 
and sales
taxes
 
were
 
calculated
 
for
 
state
 
severance
 
taxes,
 
the
 
federal
 
black
 
lung
 
excise
 
tax,
 
and
federal and state reclamation fees.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
15
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Revenue factors
 
>
 
The derivation of, or assumptions made regarding revenue factors including head
grade, metal or commodity price(s) exchange rates, transportation and treatment
charges, penalties, net smelter returns, etc.
>
 
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for
 
all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is
derived from
 
market
 
observed forward
 
estimates
 
based on
 
global economic
 
supply and
demand
 
analysis
 
which
 
is
 
applied
 
to
 
mine
 
plan
 
sales
 
volumes
 
and
 
product
 
mix
 
and
 
is
supplemented
 
with
 
Coronado’s
 
in-house
 
knowledge
 
of
 
applicable
 
rail
 
transportation
charges,
 
ocean
 
freight
 
charges
 
and
 
port
 
charges.
 
Coal
 
price
 
forecasts
 
for
 
the
 
various
products were
 
provided by
 
Coronado for
 
various coal
 
markets in
 
terms of
 
US real
 
dollars
per metric tonne.
 
MM&A applied a
 
2% inflation factor
 
in order
 
to estimate
 
the prices in
nominal dollars.
>
 
The
 
Greenbrier
 
property
 
is
 
not
 
considered
 
material
 
to
 
Coronado’s
 
business
 
or
 
financial
conditions, and thus no update was completed for Greenbrier in 2024. Resources exclusive
of
 
reserves,
 
as
 
well
 
as
 
reserves,
 
are
 
based
 
on
 
assumed
 
long-term
 
average
 
price
 
as
 
of
December 31,
 
2022
 
provided
 
by
 
Coronado,
 
representing
 
Coronado’s
 
long-term
 
average
price forecast for Greenbrier at that time.
>
 
The derivation of assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal
metals, minerals and co-products.
>
 
Coal sales prices as defined above.
 
All reported reserves are on a marketable basis.
Market assessment
 
>
 
The demand, supply and stock situation for the particular commodity, consumption
trends and factors likely to affect supply and demand into the future.
>
 
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for
 
all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is
derived from
 
market
 
observed forward
 
estimates
 
based on
 
global economic
 
supply and
demand
 
analysis
 
which
 
is
 
applied
 
to
 
mine
 
plan
 
sales
 
volumes
 
and
 
product
 
mix
 
and
 
is
supplemented
 
with
 
Coronado’s
 
in-house
 
knowledge
 
of
 
applicable
 
rail
 
transportation
charges,
 
ocean
 
freight
 
charges
 
and
 
port
 
charges.
 
Coal
 
price
 
forecasts
 
for
 
the
 
various
products were
 
provided by
 
Coronado for
 
various coal
 
markets in
 
terms of
 
US real
 
dollars
per metric tonne.
 
MM&A applied a
 
2% inflation factor
 
in order
 
to estimate
 
the prices in
nominal dollars.
>
 
A customer and competitor analysis along with the identification of likely market
windows for the product.
>
 
All of the
 
mine production serves
 
metallurgical and thermal markets.
 
The metallurgical coal
is marketed
 
as high-volatile (typically
 
28 percent or
 
greater volatile matter
 
content); mid-
volatile (typically 23- to
 
27-percent volatile matter content)
 
and low-volatile (typically
 
less
than 23 percent volatile matter content) products.
>
 
Raw
 
ROM
 
production
 
that
 
requires
 
washing
 
is
 
currently
 
processed
 
through
 
Coronado
owned and operated coal preparation plants.
 
>
 
ROM coal that does
 
not require further processing is
 
delivered directly to the loading
 
points
for sizing and
 
delivery to
 
customers.
 
Coronado has access
 
to two rail-loading
 
points serviced
by
 
the
 
Norfolk
 
Southern
 
Corporation
 
(NS)
 
and
 
two
 
rail-loading
 
points
 
serviced
 
by
 
CSX
Corporation (CSX).
>
 
Price and volume forecasts and the basis for these forecasts.
>
 
Carlson Mining ®
 
was used by MM&A
 
to generate mine plans
 
for underground-
 
and surface-
mineable
 
coal
 
seams.
 
Underground
 
mine
 
plans
 
were
 
sequenced
 
based
 
on
 
productivity
schedules provided
 
by Coronado,
 
which were
 
based on
 
historically achieved
 
productivity
levels.
 
Surface mine plans
 
were generated under productivity
 
assumptions (bank cubic
 
yard
per
 
shift)
 
as
 
provided
 
by
 
Coronado
 
and
 
reviewed
 
by
 
MM&A,
 
again
 
based
 
heavily
 
on
productivity
 
levels
 
achieved
 
by
 
Coronado.
 
All
 
production
 
forecasting
 
ties
 
assumed
production rates
 
to geological
 
models as
 
constructed independently by
 
MM&A’s
 
team of
geologists and mining engineers.
>
 
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for
 
all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is
derived from
 
market
 
observed forward
 
estimates
 
based on
 
global economic
 
supply and
demand
 
analysis
 
which
 
is
 
applied
 
to
 
mine
 
plan
 
sales
 
volumes
 
and
 
product
 
mix
 
and
 
is
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
16
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
supplemented
 
with
 
Coronado’s
 
in-house
 
knowledge
 
of
 
applicable
 
rail
 
transportation
charges,
 
ocean
 
freight
 
charges
 
and
 
port
 
charges.
 
Coal
 
price
 
forecasts
 
for
 
the
 
various
products were
 
provided by
 
Coronado for
 
various coal
 
markets in
 
terms of
 
US real
 
dollars
per metric tonne.
 
MM&A applied a
 
2% inflation factor
 
in order
 
to estimate
 
the prices in
nominal dollars.
Economic
 
>
 
The inputs to the economic analysis to produce the net present value (NPV) in the
study, the source and confidence of these economic inputs including estimated
inflation, discount rate, etc.
>
 
On an unlevered basis, the NPV of the project cash flows after
 
taxes was estimated for
 
the
purpose of
 
classifying coal
 
reserves.
 
The project
 
cash flows,
 
excluding
 
debt service,
 
are
calculated by
 
subtracting direct
 
and indirect
 
operating expenses
 
and capital
 
expenditures
from
 
revenue.
 
Direct
 
costs
 
include
 
labor,
 
drilling
 
and
 
blasting,
 
operating
 
supplies,
maintenance and
 
repairs,
 
facilities costs
 
for
 
materials
 
handling, coal
 
preparation,
 
refuse
disposal,
 
coal
 
loading,
 
sampling
 
and
 
analysis
 
services,
 
reclamation
 
and
 
general
 
and
administrative costs.
 
Indirect costs include statutory
 
and legally agreed upon
 
fees related
to direct extraction of the
 
mineral.
 
The indirect costs are the
 
Federal black lung tax, Federal
and State reclamation taxes, property
 
taxes, local transportation prior to
 
delivery at rail or
barge loading sites, coal
 
production royalties, sales
 
and use taxes,
 
income taxes and
 
State
severance taxes.
 
Coronado’s historical
 
costs provided a
 
useful reference
 
for MM&A’s
 
cost
estimates.
>
 
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for
 
all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is
derived from
 
market
 
observed forward
 
estimates
 
based on
 
global economic
 
supply and
demand
 
analysis
 
which
 
is
 
applied
 
to
 
mine
 
plan
 
sales
 
volumes
 
and
 
product
 
mix
 
and
 
is
supplemented
 
with
 
Coronado’s
 
in-house
 
knowledge
 
of
 
applicable
 
rail
 
transportation
charges,
 
ocean
 
freight
 
charges
 
and
 
port
 
charges.
 
Coal
 
price
 
forecasts
 
for
 
the
 
various
products were
 
provided by
 
Coronado for
 
various coal
 
markets in
 
terms of
 
US real
 
dollars
per metric tonne.
 
MM&A applied a
 
2% inflation factor
 
in order
 
to estimate
 
the prices in
nominal dollars.
>
 
All costs and prices are based on year-end 2023 nominal United States dollars.
>
 
A pre-feasibility LOM plan was prepared by MM&A for active and proposed mines.
 
MM&A
prepared
 
mine
 
projections
 
and
 
production
 
timing
 
forecasts
 
based
 
on
 
coal
 
seam
characteristics.
 
Production timing was carried
 
out from 2024
 
to depletion (exhaustion) of
the coal reserve areas, which is projected for the year 2101.
>
 
The all-mines average cash cost ranges between approximately $73 and $338 per
 
tonne for
most of the operating period.
>
 
NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations in the significant assumptions and inputs.
>
 
An estimate of NPV at a base discount rate of 10.0% was included in Section 19 of the TRS.
>
 
NPV of the Buchanan, Russell, Mon Valley, Logan and Greenbrier Properties was estimated
to
 
be
 
$1.804 billion,
 
$155.1 million,
 
$563.4 million,
 
$616.8 million
 
and
 
$62.7 million,
respectively.
 
The
 
Greenbrier
 
NPV
 
is
 
based
 
on
 
December 31,
 
2022
 
coal
 
sales
 
price
information provided by Coronado as described previously.
>
 
The sensitivity study
 
shows the NPV at
 
the 10.0% discount rate when
 
Base Case sales prices,
operating costs, and capital costs are increased and decreased
 
in increments of 5% within a
+/- 15% range.
 
Social
 
>
 
The status of agreements with key stakeholders and matters leading to social license
to operate.
>
 
Portions of the properties are located near local communities.
 
Regulations prohibit mining
activities within
 
91
 
meters
 
of
 
a
 
residential
 
dwelling,
 
school,
 
church,
 
or
 
similar structure
unless written consent is first
 
obtained from the owner of
 
the structure.
 
Where required,
such consents have been obtained where mining is proposed beyond the regulatory limits.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
17
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Other
 
To the extent relevant, the impact of the following on the project and/or on the
estimation and classification of the Ore Reserves:
>
 
Any identified material naturally occurring risks.
>
 
No material naturally occurring risks have been identified.
>
 
The status of material legal agreements and marketing arrangements.
>
 
The
 
Coronado
 
coal
 
resources
 
are
 
located
 
in
 
Buchanan,
 
Russell
 
and
 
Tazewell
 
Counties,
Virginia;
 
Greenbrier,
 
Logan,
 
Boone,
 
Wyoming
 
and
 
Greenbrier
 
Counties,
 
West
 
Virginia;
Allegheny, Washington and Westmoreland Counties, Pennsylvania.
>
 
MM&A has
 
not carried
 
out separate
 
title verification
 
for the
 
coal properties
 
and has
 
not
verified
 
leases,
 
deeds,
 
surveys
 
or
 
other
 
property
 
control
 
instruments
 
pertinent
 
to
 
the
subject resources.
>
 
Coronado has
 
represented to
 
MM&A that
 
it controls
 
the mining
 
rights to
 
the reserves as
shown on its property
 
maps, and MM&A has
 
accepted these as being a
 
true and accurate
depiction of the
 
mineral rights controlled by Coronado.
 
The TRS assumes the
 
properties are
developed under responsible and experienced management.
>
 
The status of government agreements and approvals critical to the viability of the
project, such as mineral tenement status and government and statutory approvals.
There must be reasonable grounds to expect that all necessary Government
approvals will be received within the timeframes anticipated in the Pre-Feasibility or
Feasibility study. Highlight and discuss the materiality of any unresolved matter that
is dependent on a third part on which extraction of the reserve is contingent.
>
 
Coronado has obtained all mining
 
and discharge permits to operate 19 underground
 
mines,
15 surface mines, and 16 processing,
 
loadout or related facilities.
 
MM&A is unaware of any
obvious or current Coronado permitting issues
 
that are expected to prevent the issuance
 
of
future
 
permits.
 
Coronado,
 
along
 
with
 
all
 
Central
 
and
 
Northern
 
Appalachian
 
basin
 
coal
producers, is subject to
 
a level of uncertainty
 
regarding future clean water
 
permits due to
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
 
involvement with state programs.
Classification
 
>
 
The basis for the classification of the Ore Reserves into varying confidence
categories. Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person’s view
of the deposit. The proportion of Probable Ore Reserves that have been derived
from Measured Mineral Resources (if any).
>
 
Measured and indicated resources have
 
been converted to proved
 
and probable reserves,
respectively.
>
 
None of the probable coal reserves have been derived from measured resources.
>
 
In
 
a
 
limited
 
number
 
of
 
cases
 
where
 
there
 
was
 
only
 
very
 
limited
 
data
 
available
 
to
demonstrate the metallurgical suitability of a given coal deposit, that deposit was classified
as a probable reserve instead of a proved reserve.
>
 
The results of this TRS define an estimated
 
total initial ROM recoverable ore
 
(coal) reserve
estimate of 548 million tonnes for Coronado as follows:
a)
 
Buchanan =
 
154 Mt
b)
 
Logan
 
=
 
135 Mt
c)
 
Greenbrier=
 
12 Mt
d)
 
Russell
 
=
 
50 Mt
e)
 
Mon Valley =
 
197 Mt
 
>
 
Coronado controls a total of 333 Mt (moist basis) of
 
marketable coal reserves for Coronado
as of December 31, 2023 (total may not add
 
due to rounding).
 
Of that total, 74 percent are
proved, and 26 percent are probable.
 
Total reserves by complex are as follows:
a)
 
Buchanan
 
=
 
92 Mt
b)
 
Logan
 
=
 
71 Mt
c)
 
Greenbrier =
 
7 Mt
d)
 
Russell
 
=
 
30 Mt
e)
 
Mon Valley =
 
134 Mt
 
Audits or reviews
 
>
 
The results of any audits or reviews of Ore Reserve estimates.
>
 
MM&A completed prepared a statement
 
of coal resources and reserves for the
 
Properties
in accordance
 
with the
 
JORC Code
 
as
 
of December 31,
 
2017.
 
MM&A also
 
subsequently
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
18
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
updated the
 
estimate of
 
resources and
 
reserves for
 
depletion as
 
of December 31,
 
2018,
December 31, 2019, December 31, 2020,
 
December 31, 2021,
 
and December 31, 2022.
>
 
MM&A performed a previous
 
audit of the
 
Properties in year
 
2017 for Coronado
 
based on
U.S. Securities and Exchange
 
Commission (SEC) Industry Guide
 
7 standards.
 
Earlier audits
were performed by various independent consultants
 
for predecessors-in-title to Coronado
and at various levels
 
of detail depending
 
on the clients concerns
 
and the allotted
 
time for
completion.
 
Previous
 
audits
 
and
 
reviews
 
defined
 
the
 
primary
 
coal
 
resource
 
areas
 
and
estimated the recoverable tonnes for each seam based on the expected mining methods.
>
 
Additionally,
 
MM&A
 
has
 
performed
 
proprietary
 
evaluations
 
for
 
predecessors-in-title
 
to
Coronado, which encompass portions of the Properties included in this TRS.
Discussion of relative
accuracy/ confidence
 
>
 
Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the
Ore Reserve estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by the
Competent Person. For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the reserve within stated confidence
limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative discussion of
the factors which could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate.
>
 
Operations on
 
the Properties
 
by Coronado
 
and its
 
predecessors
 
have
 
been on-going
 
for
many years.
 
>
 
MM&A is confident that the mine
 
plans and financial models
 
are reasonably representative
to provide an accurate estimation of coal reserves.
>
 
Mine development and operation have not been optimized within the TRS.
>
 
The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if
local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and
economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the
procedures used.
>
 
Proved
 
and
 
probable
 
coal
 
reserve
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
defined
 
in-situ
 
coal
 
resource
considering
 
relevant
 
processing,
 
economic
 
(including
 
independent
 
estimates
 
of
 
capital,
revenue and cost), marketing, legal, environmental,
 
socioeconomic, and regulatory factors
on a global scale as current local data reflects the global assumptions.
>
 
Accuracy and confidence discussions should extend to specific discussions of any
applied Modifying Factors that may have a material impact on Ore Reserve viability,
or for which there are remaining areas of uncertainty at the current study stage.
The
 
major
 
risk
 
factors
 
for
 
the
 
active
 
Coronado
 
mines
 
and
 
future
 
resource
 
development
 
are
summarized below:
>
 
Mine Accidents
>
 
Highwall
 
Failure.
 
Highwall
 
failures
 
are
 
likely
 
to
 
result
 
in
 
a
 
temporary
 
mine
 
closure
 
and
should not have a material
 
impact on the mine sustainability.
 
The risk is considered to
 
be
probable.
 
>
 
Adverse Geological
 
Conditions.
 
Adverse geological
 
conditions include
 
such conditions
 
as
faults
 
and
 
sandstone
 
washouts.
 
The
 
risk
 
is
 
considered
 
to
 
be
 
probable.
 
The
 
impact
 
is
expected to be temporary with little material impact on mine sustainability.
>
 
Environmental Risk.
 
Numerous federal and
 
state permits are
 
required to operate coal
 
mines
and mine surface facilities. Permitting rules
 
are complex and may change over
 
time, making
compliance difficult or impossible.
>
 
Water
 
Quality.
 
Permit requirements
 
to fulfill
 
Clean Water
 
Act obligations
 
are subject
 
to
modification.
 
The probability of
 
water quality
 
changes having
 
a material
 
impact on mine
operations
 
is
 
possible.
 
As
 
a
 
contemporary
 
example,
 
the
 
selenium
 
discharge
 
issue
 
that
affects
 
western
 
Canadian
 
and
 
Central
 
Appalachian
 
Basin
 
operators
 
has
 
only
 
recently
emerged as a concern and its ultimate impact has not been determined.
>
 
New Permits.
 
Permit protests
 
by environmental
 
groups and individuals
 
can contribute to
permit delays or denial
 
and increase the cost
 
of permitting and delay
 
development.
 
Surface
mining
 
activities, coal
 
refuse
 
disposal
 
and
 
construction
 
of
 
access
 
roads
 
in
 
mountainous
terrain often require storage
 
of material in valley
 
fills.
 
Authority to dispose of fill
 
material
into
 
waters
 
of
 
the
 
United
 
States
 
must
 
be
 
granted
 
by
 
the
 
United
 
States
 
Army
 
Corps
 
of
Engineers (COE).
 
COE permits are increasingly difficult to obtain.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2023
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
19
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
 
Regulatory
 
Requirements.
 
Adverse
 
impact
 
from
 
regulatory changes
 
is considered
 
to
 
be
probable.
 
The impact will likely affect the broader industry and is not expected to result in
mine closure.
>
 
Market Risk.
 
Metallurgical and
 
thermal coal
 
markets ultimately
 
depend upon
 
the global
steel and
 
thermal coal
 
demand and
 
are considered
 
to be
 
volatile.
 
Currently,
 
the US
 
coal
market has
 
seen a decline in
 
demand for thermal
 
coal due to
 
thermal plant closures,
 
as a
result of new air and water pollution regulations, and competition
 
from other commodities
used for
 
power generation
 
such as
 
natural gas.
 
This has
 
resulted in
 
an overall
 
decline in
CAPP coal production.
 
Continued regulatory changes and declining demand could result in
material changes in domestic and
 
global coal markets.
 
The impact cannot be predicted
 
at
this
 
time;
 
however,
 
while
 
MM&A
 
expects
 
the
 
coal
 
reserve
 
within
 
this
 
TRS
 
to
 
remain
economically viable throughout the life of the projected mines, the LOM
 
financial model is
very sensitive to changes in coal sales price and therefore market risk is not insignificant.
>
 
Labor Risk.
 
Work stoppage due to organized labor protests is considered to be unlikely and
not likely to lead to permanent mine
 
closure.
 
The mines are likely to suffer
 
the loss of key
supervisors and skilled employees
 
due to retirement as the workforce ages.
 
The problem is
industry-wide and the
 
impact is expected to be
 
temporary and have no sustained impact
 
on
coal production.
>
 
Availability of Equipment and Supplies.
 
Risk of equipment and supply availability
 
is likely to
be temporary and should not have a sustained adverse impact on the production of coal.
>
 
Transportation Delay.
 
Interruption of coal transport services
 
by river or rail is considered
 
to
be probable but unlikely to have a sustained impact on coal production.
>
 
It is recognised that this may not be possible or appropriate in all circumstances.
These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be
compared with production data, where available.
>
 
Mine
 
plans,
 
productivity
 
expectations
 
and
 
cost
 
estimates
 
generally
 
reflect
 
historical
performance
 
and
 
efforts
 
have
 
been
 
made
 
to
 
adjust
 
plans
 
and
 
costs
 
to
 
reflect
 
future
conditions.