EX-96.3 12 ex963.htm EX-96.3 ex963
ex963p1i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2022
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
February 2023
Prepared for:
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
100 Bill Baker Way
 
Beckley, West
 
Virginia 25801
Prepared by:
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
582 Industrial Park Road
Bluefield, Virginia
 
24605
www.mma1.com
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
2
Statement of Use and Preparation
This Technical Report Summary (
TRS
) was prepared by
Marshall Miller & Associates, Inc.
 
(
MM&A
)
 
for
the sole use
 
of
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
(
Coronado
)
and its affiliated and
 
subsidiary companies
and advisors.
 
Copies or references to information
 
in this report may not be used without the written
permission of Coronado.
This report provides
 
a statement
 
of coal resources
 
and coal reserves
 
for Coronado,
 
as defined under
the
Australasian
 
Code
 
for
 
Reporting
 
of
 
Exploration
 
Results,
 
Mineral
 
Resources
 
and
 
Ore
 
Reserves
(
JORC Code
) as
 
well as
 
under Subpart
 
1300 of
 
Regulation
 
S-K (Regulation
 
S-K 1300)
 
promulgated
 
by
the
United
 
States
 
Securities
 
and
 
Exchange
 
Commission
 
(
SEC
)
.
 
Subject
 
to
 
the
 
comments
 
below,
 
this
report was also prepared in accordance with the
Australasian Code for Public Reporting of Technical
Assessments and Valuations of Mineral Assets
(
VALMIN Code
).
 
The statement is based
 
on information provided by
 
Coronado and reviewed by
Qualified Persons
 
(
QPs
)
who are full-time employees of MM&A.
As noted
 
above, this
 
report is
 
a “Public
 
Report” for
 
the purposes
 
of the
 
VALMIN
 
Code.
 
However,
 
in
accordance with paragraph 12.1 of the VALMIN Code, it is noted that this report is not a “Valuation of
Mineral Assets”,
 
and it also does not comply with the following requirements that apply to “Technical
Assessments” (as defined in the VALMIN Code):
This report does not include a determination of the status of tenure (as required
 
by paragraph 7.2
of the VALMIN Code) on the basis that tenure was separately
 
reviewed by Coronado’s
 
legal
advisors.
This report does
 
not include
 
separate commentary on the
 
reasonableness and
 
quality of
 
the Resources
and Reserves estimates and the
 
basis on which
 
they have been reported (as
 
required by paragraph 7.3
of
 
the
 
VALMIN
 
Code).
 
MM&A
 
did
 
not
 
consider
 
that
 
this
 
was
 
appropriate
 
in
 
circumstances
 
where
MM&A was
 
engaged for
 
the specific
 
purpose of
 
preparing those
 
estimates.
 
However,
 
MM&A notes
that, in
 
accordance
 
with its
 
usual practice,
 
a separate
 
team of
 
MM&A employees
 
undertook a
 
peer
review of this
 
report and confirmed
 
that both the process
 
followed by
 
the authors of
 
this report and
the estimates prepared were reasonable
 
and comply with the requirements of the JORC Code.
 
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
3
The information
 
in this TRS
 
related to
 
coal resources
 
and reserves
 
is based on,
 
and fairly represents,
information compiled
 
by the QPs.
 
At the
 
time of reporting,
 
MM&A’s
 
QPs have
 
sufficient experience
relevant to the style of mineralization and type of
 
deposit under consideration and to the activity
 
they
are
 
undertaking
 
to qualify
 
as a
 
QP as
 
defined
 
by Regulation
 
S-K 1300
 
and the
 
JORC Code.
 
Each
 
QP
consents
 
to
 
the
 
inclusion
 
in
 
this
 
report
 
of
 
the
 
matters
 
based
 
on
 
their
 
information
 
in
 
the
 
form
 
and
context in which it appears.
Marshall Miller & Associates,
 
Inc. (
MM&A
)
 
hereby consents to the
 
use of the information
 
contained
in
 
this
 
report
 
dated
 
December
 
31,
 
2022,
 
relating
 
to
 
estimates
 
of
 
coal
 
resources
 
and
 
coal
 
reserves
controlled by Coronado.
 
Qualified Person:
/s/ Marshall Miller & Associates, Inc.
Date:
February 15, 2023
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
4
Table
 
of
 
Contents
1
Executive Summary
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
...............
 
1
1.1
Property Description .................................................................................................
 
1
1.2
Ownership .................................................................................................................
 
2
1.3
Geology......................................................................................................................
 
3
1.4
Exploration Status .....................................................................................................
 
3
1.5
Operations and Development
 
...................................................................................
 
3
1.6
Mineral Resource ......................................................................................................
 
4
1.7
Mineral Reserve ........................................................................................................
 
4
1.8
Capital Summary .......................................................................................................
 
5
1.9
Operating Costs .........................................................................................................
 
6
1.10
Economic Evaluation .................................................................................................
 
7
1.10.1
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis .................................................................
 
10
1.10.2
Sensitivity Analysis ....................................................................................
 
11
1.11
Permitting
 
................................................................................................................
 
11
1.12
Conclusion and Recommendations
 
.........................................................................
 
11
2
Introduction
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
........................
 
12
2.1
Registrant and Terms
 
of Reference.........................................................................
 
12
2.2
Information Sources
 
................................................................................................
 
13
2.3
Personal Inspections ...............................................................................................
 
14
3
Property Description ................................................................
 
................................
 
...........
 
14
3.1
Location
 
...................................................................................................................
 
14
3.2
Titles, Claims or Leases
 
............................................................................................
 
15
3.3
Mineral Rights .........................................................................................................
 
15
3.4
Encumbrances .........................................................................................................
 
16
3.5
Other Risks ..............................................................................................................
 
16
4
Accessibility, Climate,
 
Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography
 
............................. 16
4.1
Topography,
 
Elevation, and Vegetation ..................................................................
 
16
4.2
Access and Transport ..............................................................................................
 
16
4.3
Proximity to Population Centers .............................................................................
 
17
4.4
Climate and Length of Operating Season
 
................................................................
 
17
4.5
Infrastructure ..........................................................................................................
 
17
5
History
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................ 18
5.1
Previous Operation..................................................................................................
 
18
5.2
Previous Exploration ...............................................................................................
 
18
6
Geological Setting, Mineralization and Deposit
 
................................
 
................................
 
....
 
18
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
5
6.1
Regional, Local and Property Geology ....................................................................
 
18
6.2
Mineralization .........................................................................................................
 
20
6.3
Deposits
 
...................................................................................................................
 
21
7
Exploration ................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
.........................
 
21
7.1
Nature and Extent of Exploration ...........................................................................
 
21
7.2
Non-Drilling Procedures and Parameters
 
...............................................................
 
24
7.3
Drilling Procedures ..................................................................................................
 
24
7.4
Hydrology ................................................................................................................
 
25
7.5
Geotechnical Data ...................................................................................................
 
25
8
Sample Preparation, Analyses and Security ................................
 
................................
 
.........
 
25
8.1
Prior to Sending to the Lab......................................................................................
 
25
8.2
Lab Procedures
 
........................................................................................................
 
26
9
Data Verification ................................................................
 
................................
 
.................
 
26
9.1
Procedures of Qualified Person ..............................................................................
 
26
9.2
Limitations
 
...............................................................................................................
 
27
9.3
Opinion of Qualified Person
 
....................................................................................
 
27
10
Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing
 
................................
 
................................
 
......
 
27
10.1
Testing
 
Procedures
 
..................................................................................................
 
27
10.2
Relationship of Tests
 
to the Whole
 
.........................................................................
 
28
10.3
Lab Information
 
.......................................................................................................
 
28
10.4
Relevant Results ......................................................................................................
 
28
11
Mineral Resource Estimates ................................
 
................................
 
................................ 28
11.1
Assumptions, Parameters and Methodology
 
.........................................................
 
28
11.1.1
Geostatistical Analysis
 
...............................................................................
 
31
11.2
Qualified Person’s
 
Estimates
 
...................................................................................
 
34
11.3
Resources Exclusive of Reserves .............................................................................
 
35
11.3.1
Initial Economic Assessment
 
.....................................................................
 
35
11.4
Resources Inclusive of Reserves
 
..............................................................................
 
36
11.5
Qualified Person’s
 
Opinion
 
......................................................................................
 
37
12
Mineral Reserve Estimates ................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
..
 
37
12.1
Assumptions, Parameters and Methodology
 
.........................................................
 
37
12.2
Mineral Reserves
 
.....................................................................................................
 
38
12.2.1
Surface Reserves .......................................................................................
 
39
12.2.2
Underground Reserves .............................................................................
 
40
12.2.2.1
Upper Winifrede (No 8) Seam ..................................................
 
40
12.3
Qualified Person’s
 
Estimates
 
...................................................................................
 
41
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
6
12.4
Qualified Person’s
 
Opinion
 
......................................................................................
 
42
13
Mining Methods
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
..................
 
42
13.1
Geotech and Hydrology
 
...........................................................................................
 
43
13.2
Production Rates .....................................................................................................
 
43
13.3
Mining Related Requirements ................................................................................
 
44
13.3.1
Underground
 
.............................................................................................
 
44
13.3.2
Surface Mine .............................................................................................
 
44
13.3.3
HWM .........................................................................................................
 
44
13.4
Required Equipment and Personnel .......................................................................
 
45
13.4.1
Underground Mines ..................................................................................
 
45
13.4.1.1
Powellton No. 1
 
.........................................................................
 
45
13.4.1.2
Lower War Eagle .......................................................................
 
45
13.4.1.3
Eagle No. 1/Toney
 
Fork #1
 
........................................................
 
46
13.4.1.4
Muddy Bridge
 
............................................................................
 
47
13.4.1.5
Elklick Chilton
 
............................................................................
 
47
13.4.1.6
Camp Branch Chilton ................................................................
 
48
13.4.1.7
Winifrede ..................................................................................
 
49
13.4.1.8
Lower Powellton .......................................................................
 
49
13.4.1.9
Upper Winifrede .......................................................................
 
50
13.4.2
Surface Mines and Highwall Miners .........................................................
 
51
13.4.2.1
Toney
 
Fork ................................................................................
 
52
13.4.2.2
Buffalo Creek South ..................................................................
 
52
13.4.2.3
Sugar Camp ...............................................................................
 
52
14
Processing and Recovery Methods ................................
 
................................
 
......................
 
55
14.1
Description or Flowsheet ........................................................................................
 
55
14.2
Requirements for Energy,
 
Water,
 
Material and Personnel ....................................
 
55
15
Infrastructure
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
......................
 
56
16
Market Studies
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
....................
 
57
16.1
Market Description..................................................................................................
 
57
16.2
Price Forecasts.........................................................................................................
 
58
16.3
Contract Requirements ...........................................................................................
 
58
17
Environmental Studies, Permitting and Plans, Negotiations or Agreements
 
with Local
Individuals
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
..................
 
59
17.1
Results of Studies ....................................................................................................
 
59
17.2
Requirements and Plans for Waste
 
Disposal ..........................................................
 
59
17.3
Permit Requirements and Status ............................................................................
 
59
17.4
Local Plans, Negotiations or Agreements ...............................................................
 
62
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
7
17.5
Mine Closure Plans
 
..................................................................................................
 
62
17.6
Qualified Person’s
 
Opinion
 
......................................................................................
 
62
18
Capital and Operating Costs ................................
 
................................
 
................................ 62
18.1
Capital Cost Estimate ..............................................................................................
 
62
18.2
Operating Cost Estimate .........................................................................................
 
63
19
Economic Analysis
 
................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
...............
 
65
19.1
Assumptions, Parameters and Methods
 
.................................................................
 
65
19.2
Results .....................................................................................................................
 
67
19.3
Sensitivity ................................................................................................................
 
71
20
Adjacent Properties................................
 
................................
 
................................
 
.............
 
72
20.1
Information Used ....................................................................................................
 
72
21
Other Relevant Data and Information
 
................................
 
................................
 
..................
 
72
22
Interpretation and Conclusions ................................
 
................................
 
...........................
 
72
22.1
Conclusion ...............................................................................................................
 
72
22.2
Risk Factors
 
..............................................................................................................
 
72
22.2.1
Governing Assumptions ............................................................................
 
73
22.2.2
Limitations
 
.................................................................................................
 
74
22.2.3
Methodology
 
.............................................................................................
 
74
22.2.4
Development of the Risk Matrix ...............................................................
 
75
22.2.4.1
Probability Level Table ..............................................................
 
75
22.2.4.2
Consequence Level Table
 
..........................................................
 
75
22.2.5
Categorization of Risk Levels and Color Code Convention .......................
 
78
22.2.6
Description of the Coal Property ..............................................................
 
78
22.2.7
Summary of Residual Risk Ratings ............................................................
 
79
22.2.8
Risk Factors ...............................................................................................
 
79
22.2.8.1
Geological and Coal Resource
 
...................................................
 
80
22.2.8.2
Environmental
 
...........................................................................
 
80
22.2.8.3
Regulatory Requirements .........................................................
 
81
22.2.8.4
Market and Transportation
 
......................................................
 
81
22.2.8.5
Mining Plan ...............................................................................
 
83
23
Recommendations ................................................................
 
................................
 
..............
 
87
24
References ................................................................
 
................................
 
..........................
 
87
25
Reliance on Information Provided by the Registrant ................................
 
............................ 87
F
IGURES
(
IN
R
EPORT
)
Figure 1-1:
 
Coronado Logan Property Location Map..............................................................................
 
2
Figure 1-2:
 
CAPEX
 
....................................................................................................................................
 
6
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
8
Figure 1-3:
 
OPEX
 
......................................................................................................................................
 
7
Figure 1-4:
 
Sensitivity of NPV
 
................................................................................................................
 
11
Figure 3-1:
 
Logan Property Location
 
.....................................................................................................
 
14
Figure 6-1:
 
Coal Basins & Logan Property Location ..............................................................................
 
19
Figure 6-2:
 
Logan Stratigraphic Column................................................................................................
 
21
Figure 7-1:
 
Logan Cross-Section
 
............................................................................................................
 
23
Figure 11-1:
 
Histogram of the Total
 
Seam Thickness for the No. 2 Gas Seam Present in the Logan
Complex ..............................................................................................................................
 
32
Figure 11-2:
 
Scatter plot of the Total
 
Seam Thickness for the No. 2 Gas Seam Present in the Logan
Complex ..............................................................................................................................
 
32
Figure 11-3: Variogram
 
of the Total
 
Seam Thickness for the No. 2 Gas Seam
 
Present in the Logan
Complex ..............................................................................................................................
 
33
Figure 11-4: Result of DHSA for the No. 2 Gas Seam Present in the Logan Complex ...........................
 
34
Figure 11-5:
 
Results of Initial Economic Assessment
 
............................................................................
 
36
Figure 15-1:
 
Logan Surface Facilities
 
.....................................................................................................
 
57
Figure 18-1:
 
CAPEX
 
................................................................................................................................
 
63
Figure 19-1:
 
Cash Costs per Tonne
 
.......................................................................................................
 
68
Figure 19-2:
 
Sensitivity of NPV
 
..............................................................................................................
 
71
T
ABLES
(
IN
R
EPORT
)
Table 1-1:
 
Coal Resources Summary as of December 31, 2022 (Mt) .....................................................
 
4
Table 1-2:
 
Coal Summary (ROM Basis (Moist)) as of December 31, 2022 (Mt) .....................................
 
5
Table 1-3:
 
Coal Reserves Summary (Marketable Sales Basis) as of December 31, 2022 (Mt) ...............
 
5
Table 1-4:
 
Life-of-Mine Tonnage,
 
P&L before Tax,
 
and EBITDA ($000)
 
..................................................
 
8
Table 1-5:
 
Project Cash Flow Summary ($000)
*
 
......................................................................................
 
9
Table 2-1:
 
Information Provided to MM&A by Coronado ....................................................................
 
13
Table 11-1:
 
General Reserve & Resource Criteria ................................................................................
 
29
Table 11-2:
 
DHSA Results Summary for Radius from a Central Point
 
..................................................
 
34
Table 11-3:
 
Coal Resources Summary as of December 31, 2022 (Mt) .................................................
 
35
Table 11-4:
 
Results of Initial Economic Assessment
 
.............................................................................
 
36
Table 12-1:
 
Coal Reserves Summary (ROM Basis (Moist)) as of December 31, 2022 (Mt)
 
..................
 
42
Table 12-2:
 
Coal Reserves Summary (Marketable Sales Basis) as of December 31, 2022 (Mt) ...........
 
42
Table 13-1:
 
Underground Summary of Production by Year
 
(000)
 
........................................................
 
53
Table 13-2:
 
Surface Summary of Production by Year
 
(000)
 
..................................................................
 
54
Table 13-3:
 
Highwall Summary of Production by Year
 
(000)
 
................................................................
 
55
Table
 
16-1:
 
Quality Specifications by Product ......................................................................................
 
58
Table 17-1:
 
Logan Mining Permits ........................................................................................................
 
61
Table 18-1:
 
Estimated Coal Production Taxes
 
and Sales Costs
 
.............................................................
 
65
Table 18-2:
 
Logan Operating Costs .......................................................................................................
 
65
Table 19-1:
 
Life-of-Mine Tonnage,
 
P&L before Tax,
 
and EBITDA ($000)
 
..............................................
 
68
Table 19-2:
 
Summary of Logan Key Financial Performance Metrics (2023-2030) ...............................
 
69
Table 19-3:
 
Project Cash Flow Summary ($000)
*
 
..................................................................................
 
70
Table 22-1:
 
Probability Level Table .......................................................................................................
 
75
Table 22-2:
 
Consequence Level Table
 
...................................................................................................
 
76
Table 22-3:
 
Risk Matrix .........................................................................................................................
 
78
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
9
Table 22-4:
 
Risk Assessment Matrix .....................................................................................................
 
79
Table 22-5:
 
Geological and Coal Resource Risk Assessment (Risks 1 and 2)
 
........................................
 
80
Table 22-6:
 
Environmental (Risks 3 and 4) ...........................................................................................
 
81
Table 22-7:
 
Regulatory Requirements (Risk 5) .....................................................................................
 
81
Table 22-8:
 
Market and Transportation
 
(Risk 6)
 
...................................................................................
 
83
Table 22-9:
 
Market and Transportation
 
(Risk 7)
 
...................................................................................
 
83
Table 22-10:
 
Methane Management (Risk 8) .......................................................................................
 
84
Table 22-11:
 
Mine Fires (Risk 9)
 
............................................................................................................
 
85
Table 22-12:
 
Highwall Failure (Risk 10)
 
.................................................................................................
 
85
Table 22-13:
 
Availability of Supplies and Equipment (Risk 11)
 
.............................................................
 
86
Table 22-14:
 
Labor – Work Stoppage (Risk 12)
 
.....................................................................................
 
86
Table 22-15:
 
Labor – Retirement (Risk 13) ...........................................................................................
 
86
Table 25-1:
 
Information from Registrant
 
Relied Upon by MM&A .......................................................
 
87
Appendices
A ..........................................................................................................................
 
MM&A Qualifications
B ....................................................................................................................................................
 
Maps
C ................................................................................................................................
 
Glossary of Terms
D
 
.....................................................
 
Initial Economic Assessment for Resources Exclusive
 
of Reserves
E
 
.........................................................................................................................................
 
JORC Table
 
1
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
1
1
Executive Summary
1.1
Property Description
Coronado Global Resources
 
Inc. (
Coronado
)
authorized Marshall Miller
 
& Associates, Inc.
 
(
MM&A
)
to prepare this
 
Technical Report Summary (TRS) of
 
its controlled coal
 
resources and reserves
 
located
at the
Logan County
 
Complex (
Logan
)
 
in Boone, Logan
 
and Wyoming
 
Counties, West
 
Virginia (the
Property
).
 
An updated
 
TRS was
 
prepared in
 
February 2023
 
due to
 
material differences
 
in the
 
key
financial modifying factors including coal
 
sales price assumptions, operating costs and
 
capital costs
from
 
December
 
31,
 
2021
 
to
 
December
 
31,
 
2022.
 
Coal
 
sales
 
price
 
assumptions
 
are
 
discussed
 
in
Sections 12
 
and 16
 
of the TRS,
 
while operating
 
costs and
 
capital costs
 
are discussed in
Sections 18
and
 
19
 
of
 
the
 
TRS.
 
The
 
report
 
provides
 
a
 
statement
 
of
 
coal
 
resources
 
and
 
coal
 
reserves
 
for
Coronado,
 
as defined
 
under the
Australasian Code
 
for Reporting
 
of Exploration
 
Results, Mineral
Resources
 
and
 
Ore
 
Reserves
(
JORC
 
Code
)
 
as
 
well
 
as
 
under
 
Subpart
 
1300
 
of
 
Regulation
 
S-K
(Regulation
 
S-K
 
1300)
 
promulgated
 
by
 
the
United
 
States
 
Securities
 
and
 
Exchange
 
Commission
(
SEC
)
.
 
This report was also
 
prepared in accordance with the
Australasian Code for Public
 
Reporting
of Technical
 
Assessments and Valuations of Mineral Assets
(
VALMIN Code
).
Coal
 
resources
 
and
 
coal
 
reserves
 
are
 
herein
 
reported
 
in
 
metric
 
units
 
of
 
measurement
 
and
 
are
rounded to millions of metric tonnes (
Mt
).
Surface facilities for the operations are located along Buffalo Creek
 
and a
CSX Corporation (
CSX
)
 
rail
line about
 
21 kilometers
 
north-northeast
 
of Man,
 
West
 
Virginia
 
(see
Figure 1-1
).
 
The Property
 
is
composed
 
of
 
13,183
 
total
 
hectares,
 
13,114
 
of
 
which
 
are
 
leased
 
from
 
private
 
landholders
 
under
approximately 15
 
individual leases, and 69 hectares are
 
owned by Coronado.
 
Subject to Coronado
exercising
 
its renewal
 
rights thereunder,
 
a majority of
 
the leases, covering
 
a majority of
 
the Logan
reserves, expire upon exhaustion
 
of the relevant coal
 
reserves, which is expected to
 
occur in 2056.
 
One
 
lease
 
expires
 
in
 
2032;
 
however,
 
Coronado
 
is
 
projected
 
to
 
have
 
previously
 
exhausted
 
the
reserves covered thereby.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p11i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
2
Figure 1-1:
 
Coronado Logan Property Location Map
1.2
Ownership
The Logan properties started mining in 1945 by
Lorado Mining Company
.
 
The properties
were sold
to
Buffalo Mining Company
 
in 1964 and then
 
to
Pittston Coal Company (
Pittston
)
 
in 1971.
 
Pittston
operated the properties until the early
 
1990’s when it idled the mine
 
complex and then in
 
2004 sold
them to
Addington Resources
.
 
Production resumed
 
in 2005.
 
Imagin Natural
 
Resources
 
acquired
the properties in 2007 and
 
then sold them to
Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. (
Cliffs
)
 
in 2011, which in
 
turn sold
the properties to Coronado in 2014.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
3
1.3
Geology
 
The
 
coal-bearing
 
formation
 
of
 
interest
 
at
 
Logan
 
is
 
primarily
 
the
 
Kanawha
 
Formation
 
of
 
Lower
Pennsylvanian
 
System,
 
which
 
comprises
 
a
 
major
 
portion
 
of
 
the
 
exposed
 
ridges.
 
The
 
Kanawha
Formation is
 
a coal bearing
 
sequence of sandstones,
 
siltstones, shales,
 
and mudstones with
 
minor
occurrences of siderite, limestone and flint clay.
 
Coronado
mines
 
several
 
horizons
 
within
 
the
 
Kanawha
 
formation.
 
The
 
horizons
 
are
 
as
 
follows:
 
Buffalo Creek, Upper Clarion
 
Rider,
 
Clarion, Lower Clarion, Upper Stockton, Lower
 
Stockton, Upper
Coalburg, Lower
 
Coalburg, Lower
 
Dorothy,
 
Upper Winifrede,
 
Lower Winifrede,
 
Chilton-A, Chilton,
Upper
 
Cedar
 
Grove,
 
Middle
 
Cedar
 
Grove,
 
Lower
 
Cedar
 
Grove,
 
2
 
Gas,
 
Upper
 
Powellton,
 
Lower
Powellton,
 
Eagle,
 
and Lower
 
War
 
Eagle.
 
Operations
 
at the
 
Logan
 
Mine Complex
 
extract
 
multiple
coal seams by both underground and surface mining methods.
1.4
Exploration Status
The Property has been extensively explored, largely by drilling with continuous coring methods and
rotary
 
drilling,
 
often
 
supported
 
by
 
downhole
 
geophysical
 
methods.
 
In
 
addition
 
to
 
exploration
means, coal
 
measurements from
 
mine exposures
 
have supplemented
 
the database.
 
The majority
of the data was acquired or
 
generated by previous owners of the Property.
 
These sources comprise
the primary
 
data
 
used in
 
the evaluation
 
of the
 
coal
 
resources
 
and coal
 
reserves
 
on the
 
Property.
 
MM&A examined
 
the data
 
available for
 
the evaluation
 
and incorporated
 
all pertinent
 
information
into this TRS.
 
Where data were anomalous or not
 
representative, that data was not honored within
the digital databases and for subsequent processing by MM&A.
 
Ongoing
 
exploration
 
has
 
been
 
carried
 
out
 
by
 
Coronado
 
since
 
acquiring
 
the
 
Logan
 
Complex.
 
The
Coronado acquired exploration data
 
has been consistent with past drilling activities.
1.5
Operations and Development
As of December 31, 2022, underground mine operations were active at the Lower War Eagle,
 
Eagle
No. 1
 
and Muddy Bridge
 
Mines with three,
 
three or
 
two active
 
mining sections, respectively
 
using
the
 
room-and-pillar
 
method.
 
In
 
addition,
 
Coronado
 
operates
 
a
 
single
 
active
 
underground
 
room-
and-pillar
 
section
 
in
 
the
 
North
 
Fork
 
Winifrede
 
Mine.
 
Annual
 
deep
 
mine
 
production
 
peaks
 
at
approximately
 
2.3 Mt
 
in 2028.
 
One active
 
surface mine,
 
Toney
 
Fork, was
 
also operating.
 
Surface
production is
 
projected to
 
peak at
 
0.6 Mt
 
in 2028.
 
Highwall miner
 
production is
 
also projected
 
to
resume
 
in 2023
 
with a
 
peak in
 
2028 at
 
0.44 Mt.
 
Overall
 
production will
 
continue until
 
2056 with
peak production occurring in 2028 at 3.3 Mt.
The Logan
 
County Complex includes
 
the Saunders
 
Preparation Plant
 
in addition to
 
the mines.
 
The
plant site includes raw coal storage, clean coal storage, a railroad loadout, and refuse disposal area.
 
The plant has a feed rate capacity
 
of 1,088 raw tonnes per hour.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
4
1.6
Mineral Resource
Mineral
 
resources,
 
representing
 
in-situ
 
coal
 
from
 
a
 
portion
 
of
 
which
 
reserves
 
are
 
derived,
 
are
presented below.
 
A coal resource estimate, summarized
 
in
Table 1-1
, was prepared as
 
of December
31, 2022, for property controlled by Coronado.
Table 1-1:
 
Coal Resources Summary as of December 31, 2022 (Mt)
 
Coal Resource (Dry Tonnes, In Situ, MT)
Resource Quality (Dry)
Area
Measured
Indicated
Inferred
Total
Ash%
Sulfur%
VM%
Inclusive of Reserves
127.2
40.0
0.0
167.2
24
1.0
28
Exclusive of Reserves
45.2
37.0
3.4
85.6
Total 12/31/2022
172.5
77.0
3.4
252.8
Note:
 
Resource tonnes are inclusive of reserve tonnes since they include the in-situ tonnes from which recoverable coal reserves are
derived.
Note 2:
 
Coal resources are reported on a dry basis.
 
Surface moisture and inherent moisture are excluded.
Note 3: The Property has 82.2 Mt of dry, in-place measured and indicated resource tonnes exclusive of reserves as of December 31, 2022.
1.7
Mineral Reserve
Reserve tonnage
 
estimates provided
 
herein report
 
coal reserves
 
derived from
 
the in-situ resource
tons
 
presented
 
in
Table
 
1-1
,
 
and
 
not
 
in
 
addition
 
to
 
coal
 
resources.
 
Proven
 
and
 
probable
 
coal
reserves
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
defined
 
coal
 
resource
 
considering
 
relevant
 
mining,
 
processing,
infrastructure,
 
economic
 
(including
 
estimates
 
of
 
capital,
 
revenue,
 
and
 
cost),
 
marketing,
 
legal,
environmental,
 
socio-economic
 
and regulatory
 
factors.
 
The
 
Resource
 
estimate
 
has been
 
used
 
as
the basis
 
for this Reserve
 
calculation, which utilizes
 
a reasonable Preliminary
 
Feasibility Study, a Life-
of Mine (
LOM
) Mine Plan and practical recovery factors.
 
Production modeling was completed with
an effective
 
start
 
date
 
of October
 
1, 2022.
 
Additions and
 
depletion have
 
been used
 
to
 
bring the
Reserve estimate forward
 
to December 31, 2022.
Factors
 
that would
 
typically preclude
 
conversion
 
of a
 
coal resource
 
to coal
 
reserve, which
 
include
the following:
 
inferred resource
 
classification; absence
 
of coal quality;
 
poor mine recovery;
 
lack of
access; geological
 
encumbrances
 
associated
 
with
 
overlying
 
and underlying
 
strata;
 
seam thinning;
structural
 
complication;
 
and
 
insufficient
 
exploration,
 
have
 
all
 
been
 
considered.
 
Reserve
consideration
 
excludes
 
those
 
portions
 
of
 
the
 
resource
 
area
 
which
 
exhibit
 
the
 
aforementioned
geological
 
and
 
operational
 
encumbrances.
 
Coal
 
reserves
 
are
 
presented
 
on
 
a
 
run-of-mine
 
(
ROM
)
basis in
Table 1-2.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
5
Table 1-2:
 
Coal Summary (ROM Basis (Moist)) as of December 31, 2022 (Mt)
 
Demonstrated Coal Reserves (Mt, Moist ROM)
Quality (Dry)
 
By Reliability Category
By Mining Type
By Control Type
Area / Mine
Proved
Probable
Total
Surface
UG
Owned
Leased
Ash
Sulfur
Vol
Logan Mine Complex
101.4
36.7
138.1
37.3
100.8
0.0
138.1
51
0.9
19
Proven and
 
probable coal
 
reserve were
 
derived from
 
the defined in-situ
 
coal resource
 
considering
relevant
 
processing,
 
economic
 
(including
 
technical
 
estimates
 
of
 
capital,
 
revenue
 
and
 
cost),
marketing, legal,
 
environmental, socioeconomic,
 
and regulatory factors.
 
The proven and
 
probable
coal reserves on the Property are summarized below in
Table 1-3.
Table 1-3:
 
Coal Reserves Summary (Marketable Sales Basis) as of December 31, 2022 (Mt)
 
Demonstrated Coal Reserves (Wet Tons,
 
Washed or Direct Shipped, MT)
Quality (Dry Basis)
 
By Reliability Category
By Mining Type
By Control Type
Property
Proven
Probable
Total
Surface
UG
Owned
Leased
Ash%
Sulfur%
VM%
Logan County Complex
53.3
17.4
70.6
32.5
38.1
0.0
70.6
8
0.9
36
Note: Marketable reserve tonnes are reported on a moist basis, including a combination of surface and inherent moisture.
 
The combination of
surface and inherent moisture is modeled between 4.5 and 6-percent, depending upon mining method.
 
Actual product moisture is
dependent upon multiple geological factors, operational factors, and product contract specifications and can exceed 8-percent.
 
As such, the
modeled moisture values provide a level of conservatism for reserve reporting.
In summary, Coronado controls a total of 70.6
 
Mt (moist basis) of
 
marketable coal reserves at Logan
as of
 
December 31,
 
2022.
 
Of that
 
total, 75
 
percent
 
are proven,
 
and 25
 
percent
 
are probable.
 
All
70.6
 
Mt
 
are
 
leased
 
coal
 
reserves
 
and
 
are
 
assigned.
 
Approximately
 
61.6
 
Mt
 
of
 
reserves
 
are
considered suitable
 
for the
 
metallurgical coal
 
market and
 
9.0 Mt are
 
projected to
 
be sold into
 
the
thermal coal market.
 
1.8
Capital Summary
Coronado provided MM&A with an inventory of operating equipment available
 
at Logan.
 
MM&A’s
capital schedules
 
assume that
 
major equipment
 
rebuilds occur
 
over the
 
course of
 
each machine’s
remaining
 
assumed
 
operating
 
life.
 
Replacement
 
equipment
 
was
 
scheduled
 
based
 
on
 
MM&A’s
experience and knowledge
 
of mining equipment and
 
industry standards with
 
respect to the
 
useful
life of
 
such equipment.
 
A summary of
 
the estimated
 
capital for
 
the Property
 
is provided
 
in
Figure
1-2
 
below.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p15i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for
 
the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
6
Figure 1-2:
 
CAPEX
1.9
Operating Costs
Coronado
 
provided
 
historical
 
and
 
preliminary
 
5-year
 
projections
 
of
 
operating
 
costs
 
for
 
its
 
active
mines
 
for
 
MM&A’s
 
review.
 
MM&A
 
used
 
the
 
historical
 
and/or
 
budget
 
cost
 
information
 
as
 
a
reference and
 
developed personnel schedules for
 
each mine.
 
Hourly labor rates
 
and salaries were
based upon
 
information
 
contained
 
in Coronado’s
 
financial
 
summaries.
 
Fringe benefit
 
costs
 
were
developed
 
for
 
vacation
 
and
 
holidays,
 
federal
 
and
 
state
 
unemployment
 
insurance,
 
retirement,
workers’ compensation and pneumoconiosis,
 
casualty and life insurance, healthcare and bonuses.
For
 
the
 
underground
 
operations,
 
a
 
cost
 
factor
 
for
 
mine
 
supplies
 
was
 
developed
 
that
 
relates
expenditures
 
to
 
mine
 
advance
 
rates
 
for
 
roof
 
control
 
costs
 
and
 
other
 
mine
 
supply
 
costs
 
at
underground mines.
 
Other factors were developed for maintenance and repair costs, rentals, mine
power,
 
outside services and other direct mining costs.
 
Surface mine direct operating costs were developed
 
as a function
 
of overburden ratio for repair and
maintenance supplies, diesel fuel, explosives and blasting, and miscellaneous supplies
 
and services.
Operating costs for highwall mines are based
 
on costs per ROM tonne estimates.
Operating
 
costs
 
factors
 
were
 
also
 
developed
 
for
 
the
 
coal
 
preparation
 
plant
 
processing,
 
refuse
handling, coal loading, property taxes, and insurance and bonding.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p16i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
7
Appropriate royalty rates were
 
assigned for production from leased coal lands and sales taxes were
calculated
 
for
 
state
 
severance
 
taxes,
 
the
 
federal
 
black
 
lung
 
excise
 
tax,
 
and
 
federal
 
and
 
state
reclamation fees.
A summary of the projected operating costs for the Property
 
is provided in
Figure 1-3
.
Figure 1-3:
 
OPEX
1.10
Economic Evaluation
The pre-feasibility financial
 
model prepared for
 
this TRS
 
was developed to
 
test the
 
economic viability
of
 
the
 
coal
 
resource
 
area.
 
The
 
results
 
of
 
this
 
financial
 
model
 
are
 
not
 
intended
 
to
 
represent
 
a
bankable
 
feasibility
 
study,
 
required
 
for
 
financing
 
of
 
any
 
current
 
or
 
future
 
mining
 
operations
contemplated
 
for the Coronado
 
properties, but are
 
intended to establish
 
the economic viability
 
of
the
 
estimated
 
coal
 
reserves.
 
Cash
 
flows
 
are
 
simulated
 
on
 
an
 
annual
 
basis
 
in
 
nominal
 
dollars
assuming a 2% inflation rate based
 
on projected production from the coal
 
reserves.
 
The discounted
cash flow analysis presented herein is based on an effective
 
date of January 1, 2023.
 
On an un-levered basis, the net
 
present value (
NPV
) of the project cash flow
 
after taxes represents
the Enterprise
 
Value of
 
the project.
 
The project cash
 
flow,
 
excluding debt
 
service, is calculated
 
by
subtracting direct
 
and indirect
 
operating expenses
 
and capital
 
expenditures from
 
revenue.
 
Direct
costs
 
include
 
labor,
 
operating
 
supplies,
 
maintenance
 
and
 
repairs,
 
facilities
 
cost
 
for
 
materials
handling,
 
coal
 
preparation,
 
refuse
 
disposal,
 
coal
 
loading,
 
reclamation
 
and
 
general
 
and
administrative costs.
 
Indirect costs include statutory and legally agreed
 
upon fees related to direct
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
8
extraction
 
of
 
the
 
mineral.
 
The
 
indirect
 
costs
 
are
 
the
 
Federal
 
black
 
lung
 
tax,
 
Federal
 
and
 
State
reclamation taxes, property
 
taxes, coal production royalties,
 
and income taxes.
 
Table
 
1-4
 
shows LOM tonnage, profit
 
& loss (
P&L
), and earnings before income tax,
 
depreciation &
amortization (
EBITDA
) for Logan.
Table 1-4:
 
Life-of-Mine Tonnage,
 
P&L before Tax,
 
and EBITDA ($000)
 
LOM
LOM
P&L
LOM
EBITDA
 
Tonnes
Pre-Tax P&L
Per Tonne
EBITDA
Per Tonne
Deep Mines
 
 
 
 
 
Camp Br Chilton
1,607
$21,157
$13.16
$51,064
$31.77
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
11,806
$18,727
$1.59
$220,119
$18.65
Elk Lick Chilton
3,809
$76,902
$20.19
$146,959
$38.58
Lower Powellton
5,095
$112,692
$22.12
$224,168
$44.00
Lower War Eagle
6,544
$102,095
$15.60
$227,269
$34.73
Powellton No. 1
3,629
$52,199
$14.38
$122,643
$33.80
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
3,647
$166,946
$45.77
$212,139
$58.16
Upper Winifrede
1,794
$61,150
$34.09
$95,271
$53.12
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
219
$9,021
$41.19
$12,795
$58.42
Consolidated Deep Mines
38,150
$620,890
$16.27
$1,312,426
$34.40
 
Surface Mines
Toney Fork Surf
6,338
$106,288
$16.77
$245,407
$38.72
Buffalo Cr South Area
7,990
$27,941
$3.50
$203,185
$25.43
Sugar Camp Area 1
4,911
$(100,944)
$(20.55)
$48,015
$9.78
Surface Mines Consolidated
19,239
$33,285
$1.73
$496,606
$25.81
 
HWM Operations
Toney Fork HWM
4,919
$330,409
$67.17
$361,920
$73.57
Buffalo Cr South HWM
7,004
$434,033
$61.97
$474,395
$67.73
Sugar Camp HWM
1,314
$82,843
$63.05
$91,260
$69.45
HWM Consolidated
13,237
$847,285
$64.01
$927,575
$70.07
 
Grand Total
70,626
$1,501,460
$21.26
$2,736,607
$38.75
* The Financial model includes 0.001 million tonnes of inferred coal production.
 
Inferred coal represents
0.000001% of the total production, and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
As
 
shown
 
in
Table
 
1-4,
 
the
 
Logan
 
operations
 
show
 
positive
 
EBITDA
 
over
 
the
 
LOM.
 
Overall,
 
the
Coronado consolidated operations show positive LOM P&L and
 
LOM EBITDA of $1.5 billion
 
and $2.7
billion, respectively.
 
Coronado’s consolidated
 
Logan cash flow summary in nominal dollars assuming a 2% inflation rate,
excluding debt service, is shown in
Table 1-5
 
below.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
9
Table 1-5:
 
Project Cash Flow Summary ($000)
*
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
Total
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Production & Sales tonnes
70,626
2,215
2,444
2,730
2,614
2,524
Total Revenue
$11,449,478
$403,255
$343,593
$366,750
$356,408
$349,974
EBITDA
$2,736,607
$154,435
$79,831
$67,982
$64,942
$48,930
Net Income
$1,271,269
$93,455
$33,975
$22,180
$21,044
$7,422
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$2,455,780
$98,886
$84,666
$64,481
$60,927
$49,298
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(1,212,814)
$(64,541)
$(46,249)
$(35,126)
$(24,721)
$(19,540)
Net Cash Flow
$1,242,966
$34,345
$38,417
$29,354
$36,206
$29,758
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
Production & Sales tonnes
3,315
3,138
3,052
2,987
2,862
2,833
Total Revenue
$469,730
$441,352
$437,982
$436,621
$425,513
$428,277
EBITDA
$134,632
$96,812
$86,647
$88,298
$85,099
$81,695
Net Income
$76,870
$40,290
$35,152
$37,612
$33,266
$22,374
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$102,420
$94,319
$82,136
$80,835
$79,110
$77,163
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(54,676)
$(76,748)
$(30,875)
$(25,919)
$(58,356)
$(77,043)
Net Cash Flow
$47,743
$17,571
$51,261
$54,916
$20,754
$119
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
Production & Sales tonnes
2,872
2,714
2,739
2,785
2,969
2,783
Total Revenue
$445,485
$422,500
$431,983
$440,845
$480,253
$458,789
EBITDA
$108,745
$74,857
$97,015
$103,374
$125,905
$107,907
Net Income
$53,277
$22,619
$43,055
$45,843
$62,109
$46,564
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$92,575
$73,923
$84,785
$93,567
$110,105
$102,650
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(60,090)
$(30,525)
$(49,809)
$(65,949)
$(56,676)
$(42,223)
Net Cash Flow
$32,485
$43,398
$34,975
$27,618
$53,429
$60,427
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
Production & Sales tonnes
2,733
2,519
2,100
2,214
1,611
1,476
Total Revenue
$459,598
$431,586
$365,532
$393,908
$289,596
$269,978
EBITDA
$104,671
$94,788
$81,444
$105,980
$58,696
$83,754
Net Income
$47,235
$41,064
$39,833
$60,889
$23,010
$51,731
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$96,543
$88,891
$75,724
$90,314
$63,837
$71,484
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(29,343)
$(33,901)
$(27,895)
$(23,194)
$(29,298)
$(22,073)
Net Cash Flow
$67,200
$54,990
$47,828
$67,120
$34,540
$49,411
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
Production & Sales tonnes
1,057
1,057
1,053
1,053
1,057
1,061
Total Revenue
$194,175
$198,147
$201,437
$205,554
$210,544
$215,652
EBITDA
$52,251
$53,459
$54,370
$59,571
$58,316
$59,618
Net Income
$28,842
$28,388
$27,184
$31,758
$28,651
$30,020
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$52,854
$48,225
$49,193
$53,061
$49,045
$52,351
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(18,702)
$(21,272)
$(25,945)
$(30,072)
$(22,359)
$(22,221)
Net Cash Flow
$34,152
$26,953
$23,248
$22,990
$26,686
$30,131
 
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
10
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
Production & Sales tonnes
1,057
1,049
1,037
677
242
-
Total Revenue
$219,229
$222,017
$223,966
$151,873
$57,377
$-
EBITDA
$71,599
$60,514
$60,792
$48,780
$20,900
$-
Net Income
$45,345
$29,161
$30,508
$22,011
$9,180
$(339)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$60,653
$56,148
$54,570
$47,692
$20,671
$(3,597)
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(24,540)
$(27,137)
$(12,933)
$(11,318)
$(11,544)
$-
Net Cash Flow
$36,113
$29,011
$41,637
$36,374
$9,127
$(3,597)
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
Production & Sales tonnes
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total Revenue
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
EBITDA
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Net Income
$(174)
$(89)
$(46)
$(0)
$(0)
$(0)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$(1,835)
$(936)
$(954)
$-
$-
$-
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Net Cash Flow
$(1,835)
$(936)
$(954)
$-
$-
$-
* The Financial model includes 0.001 million tonnes of inferred coal production.
 
Inferred coal represents 0.000001% of the total
production, and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
Consolidated cash flows are driven
 
by annual sales
 
tonnage, which at steady-state level ranges from
a peak of 3.3 million
 
tonnes in 2028 to
 
a low of 1.0 million tonnes
 
in 2054.
 
Projected consolidated
revenue ranges from $151.9 million to $480.3 million
 
at a steady state.
 
Revenue totals $11.4 billion
for the project’s life.
Consolidated cash flow from operations is positive throughout the projected operating period, with
the
 
exception
 
of post
 
-production
 
years,
 
due to
 
end-of-mine
 
reclamation
 
spending.
 
Consolidated
cash flow from operations
 
peaks at $110.1 million in
 
2038 and totals $2.5 billion over
 
the project’s
life.
 
Capital
 
expenditures
 
total
 
$190.2
 
million
 
from
 
2023
 
through
 
2027 and
 
$1.2
 
billion
 
over
 
the
project’s life.
 
1.10.1
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
Cash flow after
 
tax, but before
 
debt service, generated
 
over the life
 
of the project
 
was discounted
to NPV
 
at a 10.0%
 
discount rate,
 
which represents
 
Coronado’s
 
estimate of
 
the nominal dollar,
 
risk
adjusted
 
weighted
 
average
 
cost
 
of
 
capital
 
(
WACC
)
 
for
 
likely
 
market
 
participants
 
if
 
the
 
subject
reserves were offered for sale.
 
On an un-levered basis,
 
the NPV of
 
the project cash
 
flows represents
the
 
Enterprise
 
Value
 
of
 
the
 
project
 
and
 
amounts
 
to
 
$366.6
 
million.
 
The
 
pre-feasibility
 
financial
model prepared for the
 
TRS was developed to
 
test the economic
 
viability of
 
each coal resource area.
 
The NPV estimate
 
was made for
 
the purpose of confirming
 
the economics for
 
classification of coal
reserves
 
and
 
not
 
for
 
purposes
 
of
 
valuing
 
Coronado
 
or
 
its
 
Logan
 
assets.
 
Mine
 
plans
 
were
 
not
optimized,
 
and
 
actual
 
results
 
of
 
the
 
operations
 
may
 
be
 
different,
 
but
 
in
 
all
 
cases,
 
the
 
mine
production plan assumes the properties are under competent management.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
ex963p20i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
11
1.10.2
Sensitivity Analysis
Sensitivity
 
of the
 
NPV
 
results
 
to
 
changes
 
in
 
the
 
key
 
drivers
 
is presented
 
in the
 
chart below.
 
The
sensitivity study shows
 
the NPV at
 
the 10.0% discount
 
rate when
 
Base Case sales prices, operating
costs, and capital costs are increased and decreased in increments
 
of 5% within a +/- 15% range.
Figure 1-4:
 
Sensitivity of NPV
As shown, NPV is quite sensitive to changes in sales price and operating cost estimates, and slightly
sensitive to changes in capital cost estimates.
1.11
Permitting
Coronado has obtained all mining and
 
discharge permits to operate its active mines and
 
processing,
loadout
 
or
 
related
 
support
 
facilities.
 
MM&A
 
is
 
unaware
 
of
 
any
 
obvious
 
or
 
current
 
Coronado
permitting issues that are expected to prevent the issuance of future permits.
 
Logan, along with all
coal
 
producers,
 
is
 
subject
 
to
 
a
 
level
 
of
 
uncertainty
 
regarding
 
future
 
clean
 
water
 
permits
 
due
 
to
United States Environmental Protection Agency
(
EPA
)
 
and
United States Fish and Wildlife (
USFW
)
involvement with state
 
programs.
1.12
Conclusion and Recommendations
Sufficient data
 
has been obtained
 
through various
 
exploration and
 
sampling programs
 
and mining
operations
 
to
 
support
 
the
 
geological
 
interpretations
 
of
 
seam
 
structure
 
and
 
thickness
 
for
 
coal
horizons
 
situated
 
on
 
the
 
Logan
 
Property.
 
The
 
data
 
is
 
of
 
sufficient
 
quantity
 
and
 
reliability
 
to
reasonably support the coal resource and coal reserve estimates in this TRS.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
12
The
 
geological
 
data
 
and
 
preliminary
 
feasibility
 
study,
 
which
 
consider
 
mining
 
plans,
 
revenue,
 
and
operating
 
and
 
capital
 
cost
 
estimates
 
are
 
sufficient
 
to
 
support
 
the
 
classification
 
of
 
coal
 
reserves
provided herein.
This geologic
 
evaluation conducted
 
in conjunction
 
with the
 
preliminary feasibility
 
study concludes
that the 70.6 Mt of marketable
 
coal reserves identified on the Property are
 
economically mineable
under
 
reasonable
 
expectations
 
of
 
market
 
prices
 
for
 
metallurgical
 
coal
 
products,
 
estimated
operation costs, and capital expenditures.
2
Introduction
2.1
Registrant and Terms
 
of Reference
This report
 
was prepared
 
for
 
the sole
 
use of
Coronado Global
 
Resources
 
Inc. (
Coronado
)
and
 
its
affiliated and
 
subsidiary companies and
 
advisors.
 
An updated TRS
 
was prepared
 
in February 2023
due
 
to
 
material
 
differences
 
in
 
the
 
key
 
financial
 
modifying
 
factors
 
including
 
coal
 
sales
 
price
assumptions, operating costs
 
and capital costs
 
from December 31,
 
2021 to
 
December 31,
 
2022.
 
Coal
sales price
 
assumptions are
 
discussed in
 
Sections 12
 
and 16
 
of the
 
TRS, while
 
operating
 
costs and
capital costs are discussed in
Sections 18 and
 
19
 
of the TRS.
 
The report provides a statement of coal
resources and coal reserves for Coronado, as defined under the
Australasian Code for Reporting of
Exploration
 
Results,
 
Mineral
 
Resources
 
and
 
Ore
 
Reserves
(
JORC
 
Code
)
 
as
 
well
 
as
 
under
 
Subpart
1300
 
of
 
Regulation
 
S-K
 
(Regulation
 
S-K
 
1300)
 
promulgated
 
by
 
the
United
 
States
 
Securities
 
and
Exchange
 
Commission (
SEC
)
.
 
This report
 
was also
 
prepared
 
in accordance
 
with the
Australasian
Code
 
for
 
Public
 
Reporting
 
of
 
Technical
 
Assessments
 
and
 
Valuations
 
of
 
Mineral
 
Assets
(
VALMIN
Code
).
The
 
report
 
provides
 
a
 
statement
 
of
 
coal
 
resources
 
and
 
coal
 
reserves
 
for
 
Coronado
 
at
 
Logan.
 
Exploration results and Resource
 
calculations were used as the basis for the mine planning and the
preliminary feasibility study completed to determine
 
the extent and viability of the reserve.
Coal
 
resources
 
and
 
coal
 
reserves
 
are
 
herein
 
reported
 
in
 
metric
 
units
 
of
 
measurement
 
and
 
are
rounded to millions of metric tonnes (
Mt
).
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
13
2.2
Information Sources
This TRS
 
is based
 
on information
 
provided by
 
Coronado and
 
reviewed by
 
MM&A. Sources
 
of data
and information are listed below in
Table 2-1
:
Table 2-1:
 
Information Provided to MM&A by Coronado
 
Category
Information Provided by Coronado
Report Section
Geological
Geologic data including digital databases
 
and original source data including
geologist logs, driller’s logs, geophysical
 
logs
9.1
Coal Quality
Database of coal quality information
 
supplemented with original source
laboratory sheets where available
10.1
Mining
Historical productivities and manpower
 
from operating and future
 
Coronado
mines
13.2, 13.4
Coal Preparation
Flow sheet and other information representing
 
current and future methods of
coal processing
 
14.1
Waste Disposal
Engineering data and estimates representing
 
remaining capacities for coarse
and fine coal waste disposal
17.2
Costs
Historical and budgetary operating
 
cost information used to derive
 
cost drivers
for reserve financial modeling
18.2
Economic
WACC and inflation rate
 
used in discounted cash flow analysis
19.1, 19.2, 19.3
Note: While the sources of data listed in Table 2-1 are not exhaustive, they represent a significant portion of information which supports this TRS.
 
MM&A reviewed the provided data and found it to be reasonable prior to incorporating it into the TRS.
 
The TRS contains “forward-looking
information” including forecasts of productivity and annual coal production, operating and capital cost estimates, coals sales price forecasts, the
assumption that Coronado will continue to acquire necessary permits, and other assumptions.
 
The TRS statements and conclusions are not a
guarantee of future performance and undue reliance should not be placed on them.
 
The ability of Coronado to recover the estimated coal reserves
is dependent on multiple factors beyond the control of MM&A including, but not limited to geologic factors, mining conditions, regulatory
approvals, and changes in regulations.
 
In all cases, the plans assume the Property is under competent management.
Coronado engaged MM&A to conduct a coal resource and reserve evaluation
 
of the Coronado coal
properties as of
 
September 30, 2022.
 
Additions (Property and
 
data) and depletion
 
(mine) have been
used to bring
 
the Resource and
 
Reserve estimates forward to December
 
31, 2022, the
 
effective date
of this TRS for Logan.
 
For the evaluation, the following tasks were to
 
be completed:
 
>
Conduct site visits of the mines and mine infrastructure facilities;
 
>
Process the information supporting the estimation of coal resources
 
and reserves into
geological models;
 
>
Develop life-of-reserve mine
 
(
LOM
) plans and financial models;
>
Hold discussions with Coronado company management; and
 
>
Prepare and issue a TRS providing a statement
 
of coal resources and reserves which would
include:
-
A description of the mines and facilities.
 
-
A description of the evaluation process.
-
An estimation of coal resources and reserves with compliance elements as stated
 
under the
JORC Code and the SEC Regulation S-K 1300.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
ex963p23i0 ex963p23i2
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
14
2.3
Personal Inspections
MM&A is very familiar
 
with Logan, having provided
 
a variety of services in recent
 
years and one of
the QP’s involved in this TRS has conducted
 
multiple site visits.
3
Property Description
3.1
Location
The
 
Logan
 
County
 
Complex
 
is located
 
in
 
Logan, Boone,
 
and Wyoming
 
Counties
 
in southern
 
West
Virginia.
 
The Property
 
encompasses the
 
towns of
 
Lorado and
 
Pardee
 
in the
 
northern portion
 
and
Lacoma and Cyclone
 
in the
 
southern portion
 
(approximately 6 kilometers between the
 
northern and
southern
 
towns).
 
The
 
nearest
 
major
 
population
 
centers
 
are
 
Huntington,
 
West
 
Virginia
 
(145
kilometers northwest) and Charleston, West
 
Virginia (129 kilometers north-northeast).
Figure 3-1:
 
Logan Property Location
The Logan property is composed of
 
13,183 total leased and owned
 
hectares and is located in Logan,
Boone, and Wyoming
 
Counties.
 
The Property is located
 
on the following
United States
 
Geological
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
15
Survey
(
USGS
)
 
Quadrangles:
 
Lorado,
 
Mallory,
 
Amherstdale,
 
and
 
Oceana.
 
Current
 
mining
projections fall within portions of
 
all four quadrangles.
 
The coordinate system
 
and datum used for
the
 
model
 
of
 
the
 
Logan
 
County
 
Complex
 
and
 
the
 
subsequent
 
maps
 
were
 
produced
 
in
 
the
 
West
Virginia State Plane South system,
 
NAD 27.
3.2
Titles, Claims or Leases
The
 
Property
 
is
 
composed
 
of
 
13,183
 
total
 
hectares,
 
13,114
 
of
 
which
 
are
 
leased
 
from
 
private
landholders under approximately 15 individual
 
leases, and 69
 
hectares are owned by
 
Coronado. The
latest
 
Coronado
 
lease
 
of
 
45
 
hectares
 
was
 
obtained
 
in
 
2022.
 
Subject
 
to
 
Coronado
 
exercising
 
its
renewal rights thereunder, a majority
 
of the
 
leases, covering a
 
majority of
 
the Logan
 
reserves, expire
upon exhaustion of
 
the relevant coal
 
reserves, which is
 
expected to occur
 
in 2056.
 
One lease
 
expires
in
 
2032;
 
however,
 
Coronado
 
is
 
projected
 
to
 
have
 
previously
 
exhausted
 
the
 
reserves
 
covered
thereby.
 
MM&A has not carried out a separate title verification for the coal properties and has not
verified
 
leases,
 
deeds,
 
surveys,
 
or
 
other
 
property
 
control
 
instruments
 
pertinent
 
to
 
the
 
subject
resources.
 
Property tenure
 
was separately
 
reviewed by
 
Coronado’s
 
legal advisors.
 
Coronado has
represented
 
to MM&A
 
that it
 
controls
 
the mining
 
rights to
 
the reserves
 
as shown
 
on its
 
property
maps, and MM&A
 
has accepted these
 
as being a
 
true and accurate
 
depiction of the
 
mineral rights
controlled
 
by
 
Coronado.
 
The
 
TRS
 
assumes
 
the
 
properties
 
are
 
developed
 
under
 
responsible
 
and
experienced management.
3.3
Mineral Rights
Coronado supplied property control maps to MM&A related to properties for which mineral and/or
surface
 
property
 
are
 
controlled
 
by
 
Coronado.
 
While
 
MM&A
 
accepted
 
these
 
representations
 
as
being
 
true
 
and
 
accurate,
 
MM&A
 
has
 
no
 
knowledge
 
of
 
past
 
property
 
boundary disputes
 
or
 
other
concerns, through
 
past knowledge
 
of the
 
Property,
 
that would
 
signal concern
 
over future
 
mining
operations or development potential.
Property control
 
in Appalachia
 
can be
 
intricate.
 
Coal mining
 
properties are
 
typically composed
 
of
numerous property
 
tracts which
 
are owned
 
and/or leased
 
from both
 
land holding
 
companies and
private
 
individuals
 
or
 
companies.
 
It
 
is
 
common
 
to
 
encounter
 
severed
 
ownership,
 
with
 
different
entities
 
or individuals
 
controlling
 
the
 
surface
 
and mineral
 
rights.
 
Mineral
 
control
 
in the
 
region
 
is
typically characterized by leases or ownership of larger tracts of land,
 
with surface control generally
comprised of smaller tracts, particularly in developed areas.
Legal mining rights
 
may reflect
 
a combination of in
 
fee or mineral
 
ownership and in
 
fee or mineral
leases of coal lands
 
through various surface and mineral lease
 
agreements.
 
There is also a
 
relatively
small amount of area where the coal is partially-owned and/or partially leased on a limited number
of individual tracts.
 
Control
 
of
 
the
 
surface
 
property
 
is
 
necessary
 
to
 
conduct
 
surface
 
mining
 
but
 
is
 
not
 
necessary
 
to
conduct underground mining.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
16
Upon acquisition of mineral
 
control for
 
desired coal seams
 
of surface-mineable economic
 
interest,
it
 
is
 
typical
 
practice
 
in
 
the
 
region
 
for
 
operators
 
to
 
delay
 
the
 
acquisition
 
of
 
surface
 
control
 
for
purposes
 
of
 
surface
 
mining
 
and
 
other
 
surface
 
development
 
until
 
plans
 
are
 
established
 
for
 
near-
future development.
 
Therefore, it is common for an
 
operator to control mineral for proposed areas
of
 
mining
 
for
 
which
 
they
 
have
 
not
 
established
 
the
 
legal
 
right
 
to
 
surface
 
mine
 
due
 
to
 
the
 
lack
 
of
surface
 
control.
 
Acquisition
 
of
 
these
 
rights
 
is
 
typically
 
delayed
 
in
 
order
 
to
 
limit
 
cost
 
and
 
royalty
payments
 
for
 
areas not
 
under consideration
 
for
 
near-future
 
development.
 
Coronado’s
 
executive
management
 
team
 
has
 
a
 
history
 
of
 
surface
 
mining
 
in
 
Central
 
Appalachia
 
and
 
has
 
conveyed
 
to
MM&A that it has been successful in acquiring surface rights where needed for past operations.
3.4
Encumbrances
No Title Encumbrances are known.
 
By assignment, MM&A did
 
not complete a query
 
related to Title
Encumbrances.
 
3.5
Other Risks
There
 
is
 
always
 
risk
 
involved
 
in
 
property
 
control.
 
As
 
is
 
common
 
practice,
 
Coronado,
 
and
 
its
predecessors, have
 
had their legal
 
teams examine
 
the deeds and title
 
control in order
 
to minimize
the risk.
 
Historically,
 
property control
 
has not
 
posed any
 
significant challenges
 
related
 
to Logan’s
operations.
 
4
Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources,
Infrastructure and Physiography
4.1
Topography,
 
Elevation, and Vegetation
Topography
 
of the area
 
surrounding the Logan County
 
Complex is typical
 
of the Central Appalachian
Plateau,
 
being
 
rugged
 
and
 
deeply
 
dissected
 
by
 
v-shaped
 
river
 
valleys,
 
and
 
generally
 
flanked
 
by
steeply sided upland regions,
 
with occasional gentle slopes in
 
select areas.
 
The drainage system
 
in
the region tends to be mostly dendritic in nature.
 
Surface elevations near the mine complex
 
range
from approximately
 
823 meters above
 
sea level in upland regions
 
to roughly 338 meters
 
at stream
level.
 
The Property
 
is moderately
 
to heavily
 
vegetated,
 
with oak-hickory
 
forests
 
as the
 
dominant
forest type
 
and northern hardwood forest
 
being less prominent.
 
The Property is not situated
 
near
any major urban centers, and the surrounding area is rural.
4.2
Access and Transport
Access to the Logan Mine property consists of primary,
 
secondary,
 
and unimproved roads, forming
a well-developed transportation network.
 
Highway 119 is the primary highway in the area running
southwest
 
to
 
northeast
 
from
 
the
 
Kentucky-West
 
Virginia
 
line
 
through
 
Mingo,
 
Logan,
 
and
 
Boone
Counties.
 
Secondary
 
roads
 
Route
 
16
 
and
 
Route
 
10
 
provide
 
the
 
most
 
direct
 
access
 
through
 
the
Property
 
running
 
east-west
 
across
 
the
 
leased
 
area.
 
Numerous
 
other
 
secondary
 
and
 
unimproved
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
17
roads provide direct access to the mine property, some being state-
 
and county-maintained.
 
These
roads typically stay
 
open throughout the year.
 
Additionally,
 
private access roads
 
to existing mines
provide
 
transport
 
corridors,
 
and
 
more
 
such roads
 
may
 
be
 
developed
 
as
 
needed.
 
The
 
Coronado-
owned Saunders
 
Preparation Plant
 
services the mines.
 
The ROM
 
coal is delivered
 
from the
 
Lower
War Eagle Mine
 
via overland conveyor,
 
all remaining production is or will
 
be delivered to the
 
plant
site by truck.
 
4.3
Proximity to Population Centers
 
The Logan property lies near the town of Lorado in Logan County, West Virginia, approximately 145
kilometers
 
southeast
 
of
 
Huntington,
 
West
 
Virginia
 
and
 
129
 
kilometers
 
south-southwest
 
of
Charleston,
 
West
 
Virginia.
 
As
 
of
 
the
 
2020
 
census,
 
Logan
 
County
 
had
 
a
 
population
 
of
 
32,567
residents, Boone County had 21,809 residents, and Wyoming
 
County had 21,382 residents.
 
4.4
Climate and Length of Operating Season
The region’s climate
 
is classified as humid, sub-tropical with four distinct seasons:
 
warm summers,
cold winters,
 
and moderate
 
fall and
 
spring seasons.
 
Precipitation in
 
the region
 
occurs throughout
the year with
 
the most rain falling
 
in spring and
 
the early months
 
of summer.
 
Average yearly rainfall
is 67.69 centimeters.
 
Summer months typically begin
 
in late May
 
and end in early
 
September and
range in
 
average
 
temperature from
 
53 to 84
 
degrees Fahrenheit
 
(or 11.6 to
 
28.9 degrees
 
Celsius).
 
Winters
 
typically
 
begin
 
in
 
mid
 
to
 
late
 
November
 
and
 
run
 
until
 
mid
 
to
 
late
 
March
 
with
 
average
temperatures
 
ranging
 
from
 
26
 
to
 
57
 
degrees
 
Fahrenheit
 
(or
 
-3.3
 
to
 
13.9
 
degrees
 
Celsius).
 
Precipitation
 
in the
 
winter
 
typically
 
comes
 
in the
 
form
 
of snowfall
 
or
 
as a
 
wintery
 
mix (sleet
 
and
snow) with
 
severe
 
snowfall events
 
occurring occasionally.
 
Seasonal variations
 
in climate
 
typically
do
 
not
 
affect
 
underground
 
mining
 
in
 
West
 
Virginia.
 
However,
 
weather
 
events
 
could
 
potentially
incumber surface mining
 
and preparation
 
plant operations
 
on a very limited
 
basis, typically lasting
less than a few days.
4.5
Infrastructure
The Logan Mine Complex has sources of water,
 
power,
 
personnel, and supplies readily available for
use.
 
Personnel have historically been sourced from
 
the surrounding communities in Logan, Boone,
Wyoming,
 
and Mingo
 
counties, and
 
have
 
proven
 
to be
 
adequate in
 
numbers
 
to operate
 
past and
current mines.
 
As mining is
 
common in
 
the surrounding
 
areas, the
 
workforce
 
is generally
 
familiar
with
 
mining
 
practices
 
and
 
is
 
comprised
 
of
 
a
 
strong
 
talent
 
pool
 
of
 
experienced
 
miners.
 
Water
 
is
sourced locally
 
from Buffalo
 
Creek Public
 
Service District and
 
electricity is sourced
 
from
American
Electric
 
Power
 
(
AEP
)
.
 
The
 
service
 
industry
 
in
 
the
 
areas
 
surrounding
 
the
 
mine
 
complex
 
has
historically
 
provided
 
supplies,
 
equipment
 
repairs
 
and
 
fabrication,
 
etc.
 
The
 
Coronado-owned
Saunders Preparation
 
plant services
 
the mines
 
and operates
 
at a
 
rate
 
of 952
 
tph.
 
The Coronado-
owned Elk Lick Loadout serves
 
as the primary means
 
of shipment and is
 
connected to a CSX rail line,
which either serves the domestic market directly, or transports the coal to the Pier 9 and Dominion
terminals at Norfolk, Virginia for overseas
 
shipment.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
18
5
History
5.1
Previous Operation
The Logan County
 
properties were started in
 
1945 by
Lorado Mining Company
, were sold
 
to
Buffalo
Mining Company
 
in 1964 and then to
Pittston Coal Company (
Pittston
)
 
in 1971.
 
Pittston operated
the properties until the early 1990’s.
 
After being idle for a period, the properties were then sold to
Addington
 
Resources
 
in
 
2004.
 
Imagin
 
Natural
 
Resources
 
acquired
 
the
 
properties
 
in
 
2007,
 
and
subsequently sold them to Cliffs in 2011, which in turn sold the properties to Coronado in 2014.
Coronado produced approximately
 
1.8 Mt in 2016,
 
2.6 Mt in 2017, 2.6
 
Mt in 2018, 2.7 Mt
 
in 2019,
1.6 Mt in 2020, 1.9 Mt in 2021, and 2.1 Mt in 2022.
5.2
Previous Exploration
The
 
Properties
 
have
 
been
 
extensively
 
explored
 
by
 
subsurface
 
drilling
 
efforts
 
carried
 
out
 
by
numerous entities, most of which were completed prior to acquisition by Coronado.
Drill records
 
indicate that
 
independent contract
 
drilling operators
 
have
 
typically been
 
engaged
 
to
carry out drilling on the Properties.
 
Geophysical logging was typically performed by outside logging
firms.
 
MM&A, via
 
its Geophysical
 
Logging Systems
 
subsidiary,
 
has logged
 
a significant
 
number of
the past exploration holes and gas wells, and currently
 
logs most of the recently drilled holes.
6
Geological Setting, Mineralization and Deposit
6.1
Regional, Local and Property Geology
The
 
Property
 
lies in
 
the Central
 
Appalachian Coal
 
basin
 
in the
 
Appalachian Plateau
 
physiographic
province.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p28i2 ex963p28i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
19
Figure 6-1:
 
Coal Basins & Logan Property Location
Coal deposits in
 
the eastern USA are
 
the oldest and most
 
extensively developed
 
in the country.
 
The
coal
 
deposits
 
on
 
the
 
Properties
 
are
 
Carboniferous
 
in
 
age,
 
being
 
of
 
the
 
Pennsylvanian
 
system.
 
Overall,
 
these
 
Carboniferous
 
coals
 
contain
 
two-fifths
 
of
 
the
 
USA’s
 
bituminous
 
coal
 
deposits
 
and
extend over 1,448 kilometers
 
from northern Alabama
 
to Pennsylvania and are
 
part of
 
what is known
as the
Appalachian Basin
.
 
The Appalachian
 
Basin is
 
more than
 
402 kilometers
 
wide and,
 
in some
portions, contains over 60 coal seams of varying economic significance.
Within the Central
 
Appalachian Basin, seams
 
of economic significance
 
typically range
 
between 0.3
meters and 1.8 meters in thickness, with relatively little structural deformation.
 
Regional structure
is typically characterized by gently dipping strata
 
to the northwest at less than one percent.
The coal-bearing formations of interest at Logan
 
is of the
 
lower section of -
 
the Kanawha Formation,
which
 
comprise
 
a
 
major
 
portion
 
of
 
the
 
exposed
 
ridges.
 
The
 
coal-bearing
 
Formation
 
includes
sedimentary sequences of sandstones, siltstones, shales,
 
and mudstones with minor
 
occurrences of
siderite, limestone and flint clay.
Coronado
mines
 
several
 
horizons
 
within
 
the
 
Kanawha
 
formation.
 
The
 
horizons
 
are
 
as
 
follows:
 
Buffalo Creek, Upper
 
Clarion Rider,
 
Clarion, Lower Clarion, Upper Stockton,
 
Lower Stockton, Lower
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
20
Coalburg,
 
Lower
 
Dorothy,
 
Upper
 
Winifrede,
 
Lower
 
Winifrede,
 
Chilton-A,
 
Chilton,
 
Upper
 
Cedar
Grove,
 
Middle
 
Cedar
 
Grove,
 
Lower
 
Cedar
 
Grove,
 
No.
 
2
 
Gas,
 
Upper
 
Powellton,
 
Lower
 
Powellton,
Eagle, and Lower War Eagle seams demonstrate
 
mining potential on this property.
Logan currently
 
has four
 
active underground
 
mines and
 
one active
 
surface mine.
 
The Toney
 
Fork
mine is a surface
 
mine, while the North Fork Winifrede,
 
Eagle No. 1, Muddy Bridge
 
and Lower War
Eagle are
 
underground mines.
 
The active Toney
 
Fork surface
 
mine has historically
 
mined multiple
seams including the Upper Winifrede,
 
Lower Winifrede, Upper
 
Clarion Rider,
 
Upper Clarion, Lower
Clarion,
 
Lower
 
Coalburg, Upper
 
Coalburg,
 
Upper Stockton,
 
Lower
 
Stockton,
 
Chilton-A,
 
and
 
Lower
Dorothy Seams.
 
Future surface
 
mine reserve production
 
at Logan
 
is anticipated
 
to focus
 
on those
seams having
 
the best
 
opportunity for
 
sale into
 
the metallurgical
 
coal markets,
 
namely the
 
Lower
Coalburg seam and below.
 
The Powellton
 
No. 1 Mine is
 
projected to extract
 
the Lower and Upper
Powellton jointly in some
 
areas, while other
 
areas are projected to
 
extract only the Lower
 
Powellton
due to seam splitting.
 
The Eagle No. 1
 
and Muddy Bridge Mines are
 
projected to extract
 
the No. 2
Gas seam.
 
The Lower War Eagle mine is projected to extract
 
the Lower War Eagle seam.
 
6.2
Mineralization
The generalized stratigraphic
 
columnar section in
Figure 6-1
 
demonstrates the vertical
 
relationship
of the principal coal seams and rock formations on the Property.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
ex963p30i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
21
Figure 6-2:
 
Logan Stratigraphic Column
(not to scale)
6.3
Deposits
The coal produced
 
at Logan Mine
 
complex is typically
 
high-volatile (typically
 
28 percent
 
or greater
volatile
 
matter
 
content)
 
bituminous coal.
 
Seam quality
 
varies with
 
distance from
 
the cropline,
 
so
some seams will be shipped into
 
both the thermal and metallurgical
 
markets depending on
 
mining
method and ultimate quality.
 
Saleable product from the surface
 
operations is projected to
 
be sold
primarily into
 
the metallurgical
 
coal market;
 
however,
 
some production
 
is planned to
 
be sold
 
into
the thermal
 
coal market
 
due to
 
quality limitations.
 
Underground coal
 
is sold almost
 
exclusively in
the metallurgical markets.
7
Exploration
7.1
Nature and Extent of Exploration
The
 
Properties
 
have
 
been
 
extensively
 
explored
 
by
 
subsurface
 
drilling
 
efforts
 
carried
 
out
 
by
numerous entities, most of which were completed prior to acquisition by Coronado.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
22
Diamond
 
core,
 
rotary,
 
and
 
gas
 
well
 
drilling
 
are
 
the
 
three
 
primary
 
types
 
of
 
exploration
 
on
 
the
Property.
 
Drill hole
 
collar elevations
 
and total
 
depths vary
 
by hole
 
due to
 
the hilly
 
terrain
 
of the
Property.
 
Data
 
for
 
correlation
 
and
 
mining
 
conditions
 
are
 
derived
 
from
 
core
 
descriptions
 
and
geophysical
 
logging
 
(e-logging).
 
Coal
 
quality
 
analyses
 
were
 
also
 
employed
 
during
 
the
 
core
exploration
 
process.
 
A
 
total
 
of
 
1,131
 
core
 
and
 
rotary
 
holes
 
have
 
been
 
drilled
 
for
 
exploration
purposes on and around the leased property.
 
In 2022,
 
Coronado completed
 
four exploration
 
holes, incorporated
 
herein.
 
Two
 
of the new
 
holes
benefited
 
the
 
deep
 
No. 2
 
Gas Lower
 
(Eagle
 
seam)
 
reserve,
 
while
 
rock
 
samples for
 
the
 
other two
were collected for Acid-Base accounting for
 
surface mine operations.
Drill records
 
indicate that
 
independent contract
 
drilling operators
 
have
 
typically been
 
engaged
 
to
carry out drilling
 
on the Property.
 
Geophysical logging
 
was typically performed
 
by outside logging
firms.
 
MM&A, via
 
its Geophysical
 
Logging Systems
 
subsidiary,
 
has logged
 
a significant
 
number of
the past exploration holes and gas wells, and currently logs most of the
 
recently drilled holes.
The location of the drilling is shown on the maps included in
Appendix B
.
The
 
concentration
 
of
 
exploration
 
varies
 
slightly
 
across
 
the
 
Property.
 
Drilling
 
on
 
the
 
Property
 
is
typically sufficient for delineation of potential surface, highwall miner, and deep mineable benches.
 
Core
 
logging
 
is
 
performed
 
by
 
professional
 
geologists
 
in
 
cases
 
where
 
roof
 
and
 
floor
 
strata
 
are
 
of
particular interest
 
and in cases
 
where greater
 
resolution and
 
geologic detail
 
are needed.
 
Even so,
most of the drill
 
hole data comes from more simplified
 
driller’s logs, which often lack
 
specific details
regarding
 
geotechnical
 
conditions
 
and
 
specific
 
geology,
 
making
 
correlations
 
and
 
floor
 
and
 
roof
conditions
 
more
 
difficult
 
to
 
determine.
 
Geophysical
 
logging
 
(e-logging)
 
techniques,
 
by
 
contrast,
document
 
specific
 
details
 
useful
 
for
 
geologic
 
interpretation
 
and
 
mining
 
conditions.
 
Given
 
the
variability
 
of data
 
-gathering
 
methods,
definitive
 
mapping of
 
future
 
mining conditions
 
may
 
not be
possible, but projections and assumptions can be
 
made within a
reasonable
 
degree of certainty.
 
A
significant
 
effort
 
was put
 
into
 
verifying the
 
integrity of
 
the database
 
records.
 
Once the
 
data
 
was
verified, stratigraphic
 
columnar sections were
 
generated using
 
cross-sectional analysis to
 
establish
or confirm coal seam correlations.
A typical cross-section is shown in
Figure 7-1
.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p32i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
23
Figure 7-1:
 
Logan Cross-Section
Due to
 
the long history
 
of exploration
 
by various
 
parties on the
 
Property,
 
a wide
 
variety of
 
survey
techniques exist for
 
documentation of data
 
point locations.
 
Many of
 
the older
 
exploration drill holes
appear to
 
have been
 
located by
 
survey and
 
more recently-completed
 
drill holes
 
are often
 
located
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
24
by high-resolution Global
 
Positioning System (
GPS
) units.
 
However, some holes appear
 
to have been
approximately
 
located
 
using
 
USGS
 
topography
 
maps
 
or
 
other
 
methods
 
which
 
are
 
less
 
accurate.
 
Therefore, discretion by MM&A
 
had to be used regarding the accuracy for
 
the location and ground
surface
 
elevation
 
of
 
some
 
of
 
these
 
older
 
drill
 
holes.
 
In
 
instances
 
where
 
a
 
drill
 
hole
 
location
 
(or
associated coal
 
seam elevations)
 
appeared to
 
be inconsistent
 
with the
 
overall
 
structural trend
 
(or
surface
 
topography
 
for
 
surface-mineable
 
areas),
 
the
 
data
 
point
 
was
 
not
 
honored
 
for
 
geological
modeling.
 
Others with
 
apparently minor variances
 
were logically adjusted
 
and then
 
used by
 
MM&A.
 
Surveying of the underground and surface mined areas has been performed by the mine operators
and/or
 
their
 
consulting
 
surveyors.
 
By
 
assignment,
 
MM&A
 
did
 
not
 
verify
 
the
 
accuracy
 
or
completeness
 
of
 
the
 
supplied
 
mine
 
maps
 
but
 
accepted
 
this
 
information
 
as
 
being
 
the
 
work
 
of
responsible engineers and surveyors, as required by both State
 
and Federal La
w.
MM&A
 
compiled
 
comprehensive
 
topographic
 
map
 
files
 
by
 
selecting
 
the
 
best
 
available
 
aerial
mapping for
 
each area, surface
 
mine resources
 
and reserves in
 
particular,
 
and filled any
 
gaps with
digital USGS topographic mapping.
7.2
Non-Drilling Procedures and Parameters
Some analyses, specifically
 
ultimate ash and
 
sulfur types are
 
not as prevalent as
 
others in the
 
testing
done
 
on
 
samples
 
recovered
 
by
 
drilling.
 
To
 
supplement
 
the
 
information
 
database,
 
samples
 
have
been collected from mine stockpiles and either truck or train shipment samples.
7.3
Drilling Procedures
Core drilling methods utilize NX-size (5.4 centimeters) or similar-sized core cylinders to
 
recover core
samples, which
 
can be
 
used to
 
delineate
 
geologic characteristics,
 
and for
 
coal quality
 
testing
 
and
geotechnical logging.
 
For the core
 
holes, the geophysical
 
logs are especially
 
useful in verifying
 
the
core recovery of both
 
the coal samples
 
(for assurance that sample
 
is representative of the full
 
seam)
and
 
of
 
the
 
roof
 
and
 
floor
 
rock
 
samples
 
(for
 
evaluating
 
ground
 
control
 
characteristics
 
of
 
deep
mineable coal
 
seams).
 
In addition
 
to the
 
core holes,
 
rotary drilled
 
holes also
 
exist on
 
most of
 
the
Properties.
 
Data
 
for
 
the
 
rotary
 
drilled
 
holes
 
is
 
mainly
 
derived
 
from
 
downhole
 
geophysical
 
logs,
which are
 
used to
 
interpret
 
coal and
 
rock thickness
 
and depth
 
since logging
 
of the
 
drill cuttings
 
is
not reliable.
A wide variety
 
of core-logging techniques
 
exist for
 
the properties.
 
For many of
 
the core holes, the
primary data
 
source is a
 
generalized
 
lithology description by
 
the driller,
 
typically supplemented
 
by
a more detailed core log completed by a geologist.
 
The Logan drilling logs were provided to MM&A
as
 
a geological
 
database.
 
MM&A geologists
 
were
 
not involved
 
in the
 
production
 
of original
 
core
logs but did perform
 
a basic check
 
of information within the provided database.
 
Where geophysical
logs for
 
such holes
 
are available,
 
they were
 
used by
 
MM&A geologists
 
to verify
 
the coal
 
thickness
and core recovery of each seam.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
25
7.4
Hydrology
Hydrologic
 
testing
 
and
 
forecasting
 
are
 
necessary parts
 
of the
 
permitting
 
process
 
and
 
as
 
such
 
are
routinely considered in the mine planning process.
Logan
 
has
 
a
 
lengthy
 
history
 
of
 
operation
 
and
 
five
 
currently
 
active
 
mines
 
with
 
no
 
significant
hydrologic concerns or
 
material issues
 
experienced in its
 
history.
 
Future mining
 
is projected to
 
occur
in areas exhibiting similar hydrogeological conditions as past mining, including stream undermining
and undermining
 
of aquifers.
 
Based upon
 
the successful
 
history of
 
the operation
 
with regards
 
to
hydrogeological features,
 
MM&A assumes that the operation will not be hindered by such issues in
the future.
7.5
Geotechnical Data
Mining
 
plans
 
for
 
potential
 
underground
 
mines
 
were
 
developed
 
by
 
Coronado
 
and
 
modified
 
by
MM&A to
 
fit current
 
property constraints.
 
Pillar stability
 
was tested
 
by MM&A
 
using the
Analysis
of
 
Coal
 
Pillar
 
Stability
 
(ACPS)
 
program
 
that
 
was
 
developed
 
by
 
the
National
 
Institute
 
for
Occupational Safety and Health (
NIOSH
)
.
 
MM&A reviewed the results from the ACPS analysis and
considered it
 
in the
 
development of
 
the LOM
 
plan.
 
Coal and
 
rock strengths
 
from core
 
testing are
used to verify the empirical assumptions integral to ACPS.
8
Sample Preparation, Analyses and Security
8.1
Prior to Sending to the Lab
Most
 
of the
 
coal
 
samples have
 
been obtained
 
from
 
the Property
 
by subsurface
 
exploration
 
using
core drilling
 
techniques.
 
The protocol
 
for preparing
 
and testing
 
the samples
 
has varied
 
over time
and is not well documented for the older holes drilled on the Property.
 
Following a process, typical
USA
 
core
 
drilling
 
sampling
 
technique
 
is
 
for
 
the
 
coal
 
core
 
sample,
 
once
 
recovered
 
from
 
the
 
core
barrel, to be described then wrapped in a sealed plastic sleeve
 
and placed into a wooden core box,
which
 
is
 
the
 
length
 
of
 
the
 
sample
 
and
 
covered
 
with
 
a
 
lid
 
so
 
that
 
the
 
core
 
can
 
be
 
delivered
 
to
 
a
laboratory in relatively intact
 
condition and with inherent moisture content.
 
Each core sample box
is identified with the
 
seam, hole identification number and
 
the sample interval depth scribed
 
on the
sample box lid.
 
This process
 
has been
 
the norm
 
for both historical and
 
ongoing exploration activities
at Logan.
This work is
 
typically performed by
 
the supervising
 
driller, geologist or company personnel.
 
Samples
are
 
most
 
often
 
delivered
 
to
 
the
 
company
 
by
 
the
 
driller
 
after
 
each
 
shift
 
or
 
acquired
 
by
 
company
personnel or representatives.
 
Most of the coal core samples were obtained
 
by previous or current
operators
 
on the Property.
 
MM&A did not participate
 
in the sample
 
collection and analysis of
 
the
core samples.
 
However,
 
it is
 
reasonable to
 
assume, given
 
the sophistication
 
level of
 
the previous
operators,
 
that
 
these
 
samples
 
were
 
generally
 
collected
 
and
 
processed
 
under
 
industry
 
best-
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
26
practices.
 
This assumption is
 
based on MM&A’s
 
familiarity with
 
the operating
 
companies and the
companies used to perform the analysis.
8.2
Lab Procedures
Coal quality testing has
 
been performed over a large number
 
of years by operating companies using
different
 
laboratories
 
and
 
testing
 
regimens.
 
Some
 
of
 
the
 
samples
 
have
 
raw
 
analyses
 
and
washabilities of
 
the full seam
 
(with coal
 
and rock parting
 
layers
 
co-mingled) and
 
are mainly
 
useful
for
 
characterizing
 
the coal
 
quality for
 
projected
 
production
 
from
 
underground
 
and highwall
 
mine
operations.
 
Other
 
samples
 
have
 
coal
 
and
 
rock
 
analyzed
 
separately,
 
the
 
results
 
of
 
which
 
can
 
be
manipulated
 
to forecast
 
either surface
 
or underground
 
mine quality.
 
Care has
 
been taken
 
to use
only
 
those
 
analyses
 
that
 
are
 
representative
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
quality
 
parameters
 
for
 
the
 
appropriate
mining type for each sample.
Standard procedure
 
upon receipt of
 
core samples by the
 
testing laboratory
 
is to log the
 
depth and
thickness
 
of
 
the
 
sample,
 
then
 
perform
 
testing
 
as
 
specified
 
by
 
a
 
representative
 
of
 
the
 
operating
company.
 
Each
 
sample
 
is
 
then
 
analyzed
 
in
 
accordance
 
with
 
procedures
 
defined
 
under
ASTM
International (
ASTM
)
 
standards including, but not
 
limited to; washability (ASTM D4371);
 
ash (ASTM
D3174);
 
sulfur
 
(ASTM
 
D4239);
 
Btu/lb.
 
(ASTM
 
D5865);
 
volatile
 
matter
 
(ASTM
 
D3175);
 
Free
 
Swell
Index (
FSI
) (ASTM D720).
9
Data Verification
9.1
Procedures of Qualified Person
MM&A reviewed the digital geologic
 
database supplied by Coronado.
 
The database consists of
 
data
records, which
 
include drill hole
 
information for
 
holes that
 
lie within and
 
adjacent to
 
the Property
and
 
records
 
for
 
numerous
 
supplemental
 
coal
 
seam
 
thickness
 
measurements.
 
For
 
supplemental
record
 
verification,
 
copies
 
of
 
each
 
entry
 
were
 
printed,
 
and
 
cross
 
referenced
 
to
 
the
 
original
document for
 
verification.
 
Once the initial
 
integrity of the
 
database was
 
established, stratigraphic
columnar sections were
 
generated
 
using cross-sectional analysis
 
to establish
 
or confirm coal
 
seam
correlations.
 
Geophysical
 
logs
 
were
 
used
 
wherever
 
available
 
to
 
assist
 
in
 
confirming
 
the
 
seam
correlation
 
and
 
to
 
verify
 
proper
 
seam
 
thickness
 
measurements
 
and
 
recovery
 
of
 
intercepted
 
coal
sections and collected samples.
 
After establishing and/or verifying proper seam correlation, seam data control maps and geological
cross-sections were generated
 
and again used to verify seam correlations and data
 
integrity.
 
Once
the database was fully vetted, seam thickness, base of seam elevation, roof and floor lithology, and
overburden maps were independently generated
 
for use in the mine planning process.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
27
9.2
Limitations
As
 
with
 
any
 
exploration
 
program,
 
localized
 
anomalies
 
cannot
 
always
 
be
 
discovered.
 
Ideally,
 
the
greater
 
the density
 
of the
 
samples taken,
 
the less
 
the risk.
 
Once an
 
area is
 
identified as
 
being of
interest for inclusion in the mine plan, additional samples are taken to help reduce the risk in those
specific areas.
 
In general, provision
 
is made in the
 
mine planning portion of
 
the study to
 
allow for
localized anomalies that are typically classed more as a nuisance than a hinderance.
9.3
Opinion of Qualified Person
Sufficient data
 
has been obtained
 
through various
 
exploration and
 
sampling programs
 
and mining
operations
 
to
 
support
 
the
 
geological
 
interpretations
 
of
 
seam
 
structure
 
and
 
thickness
 
for
 
coal
horizons
 
situated
 
on the
 
Property.
 
The data
 
is of
 
sufficient
 
quantity
 
and reliability
 
to
 
reasonably
support the coal resource and coal reserve estimates in this TRS.
10
Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing
10.1
Testing
 
Procedures
Separate
 
tabulations
 
have
 
been
 
compiled
 
for
 
basic
 
chemical
 
analyses
 
(both
 
raw
 
and
 
washed
quality), petrographic
 
data, rheological
 
data and
 
chlorine, ash,
 
ultimate and
 
sulfur analysis.
 
Some
of
 
the
 
data
 
categories
 
from
 
the
 
analyses
 
are
 
not
 
as
 
prevalent
 
and
 
have
 
been
 
supplemented
 
by
samples collected from mine stockpiles and either truck or train shipment samples.
Available coal quality data was tabulated by resource area in a Microsoft® EXCEL workbook and the
details of that work are maintained on file at
 
the offices of Coronado and MM&A.
 
These tables also
provide basic
 
statistical
 
analyses of
 
the coal
 
quality attributes,
 
including average
 
value; maximum
and minimum values;
 
and the sample
 
count (number of
 
samples) available to
 
represent each quality
parameter
 
of
 
the
 
seam.
 
Coal
 
samples
 
that
 
were
 
deemed
 
by
 
MM&A
 
geologists
 
to
 
be
unrepresentative
 
were
 
not
 
used
 
for
 
statistical
 
analysis
 
of
 
coal
 
quality,
 
as
 
documented
 
in
 
the
tabulations.
 
A representative
 
group of
 
drill hole
 
samples from
 
the Properties
 
were
 
then checked
against the original drill laboratory reports to verify accuracy
 
and correctness.
The amount and areal extent of coal sampling
 
for geological data is generally sufficient to represent
the quality characteristics of
 
the coal horizons
 
and allow for
 
proper market placement of
 
the subject
coal
 
seams.
 
For
 
some
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
deposits,
 
there
 
are
 
considerable
 
laboratory
 
data
 
from
 
core
samples
 
that
 
are
 
representative
 
of
 
the
 
full
 
extent
 
of
 
the
 
resource
 
area;
 
and
 
for
 
others
 
there
 
are
more
 
limited
 
data
 
to
 
represent
 
the
 
resource
 
area.
 
For
 
example,
 
in
 
the
 
active
 
operations
 
with
considerable
 
previous
 
mining,
 
there
 
may
 
be
 
limited
 
quality
 
data
 
within
 
some
 
of
 
the
 
remaining
resource
 
areas;
 
however,
 
in
 
those
 
cases
 
the
 
core
 
sampling
 
data
 
can
 
be
 
supplemented
 
with
operational data from mining and shipped quality samples representative
 
of the resource area.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
28
10.2
Relationship of Tests
 
to the Whole
The extensive
 
sampling and
 
testing procedures
 
typically followed
 
in the
 
coal
 
industry result
 
in an
excellent correlation between samples and marketable
 
product.
 
Shipped analyses of the coal from
Logan were reviewed to verify
 
that the coal
 
quality and characteristics were as
 
expected.
 
The Logan
properties
 
have
 
a
 
long
 
history
 
of
 
saleable
 
production,
 
under
 
various
 
owners,
 
in
 
the
 
high-volatile
metallurgical and thermal markets, confirming exploration
 
results.
10.3
Lab Information
Each sample
 
is analyzed
 
at area
 
Laboratories
 
that operate
 
in accordance
 
with procedures
 
defined
under ASTM standards including, but not limited to; washability (ASTM D4371); ash (ASTM D3174);
sulfur (ASTM
 
D4239); Btu/lb.
 
(ASTM D5865);
 
volatile matter
 
(ASTM D3175);
 
Free Swell
 
Index (
FSI
)
(ASTM D720).
10.4
Relevant Results
No critical factors have been found
 
that would adversely affect the recovery
 
of the Reserve.
 
11
Mineral Resource Estimates
MM&A
 
independently
 
created
 
a
 
geologic
 
model
 
to
 
define
 
the
 
coal
 
resources
 
of
 
Logan.
 
Coal
resources were estimated
 
as of December 31, 2022.
11.1
Assumptions, Parameters and Methodology
Geological
 
data
 
was
 
imported
 
into
 
Carlson
 
Mining
®
 
(formerly
 
SurvCADD
®
)
 
geological
 
modelling
software
 
in
 
the
 
form
 
of Microsoft
®
 
Excel
 
files
 
incorporating
 
drill
 
hole
 
collars,
 
seam
 
and
 
thickness
picks, bottom
 
seam elevations
 
and raw
 
and washed
 
coal quality.
 
These data
 
files were
 
validated
prior to importing into the software.
 
Once imported, a geologic model was created, reviewed, and
verified with
 
a key
 
element being
 
a gridded model
 
of coal
 
seam thickness.
 
Resource tonnes
 
were
estimated by using the
 
seam thickness grid
 
based on each
 
valid point of observation
 
and by defining
resource confidence arcs around the
 
points of observation.
 
Points of observation for Measured and
Indicated
 
confidence
 
arcs
 
were
 
defined
 
for
 
all
 
valid
 
drill
 
holes
 
that
 
intersected
 
the
 
seam
 
using
standards
 
deemed acceptable
 
by MM&A
 
based on
 
a detailed
 
geologic evaluation
 
and a
 
statistical
analysis
 
of
 
all
 
drill
 
holes
 
within
 
the
 
projected
 
reserve
 
areas
 
as
 
described
 
in
Section
 
11.1.1
.
 
The
geological
 
evaluation
 
incorporated
 
an
 
analysis
 
of
 
seam
 
thickness
 
related
 
to
 
depositional
environments, adjacent roof and floor lithologies, and structural influences.
After validating coal seam data and establishing correlations, the thickness and elevation for seams
of
 
economic
 
interest
 
were
 
used
 
to
 
generate
 
a
 
geologic
 
model.
 
Due
 
to
 
the
 
relative
 
structural
simplicity
 
of
 
the
 
deposits
 
and
 
the
 
reasonable
 
continuity
 
of
 
the
 
tabular
 
coal
 
beds,
 
the
 
principal
geological
 
interpretation
 
necessary
 
to
 
define
 
the
 
geometry
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
deposits
 
is
 
the
 
proper
modeling
 
of
 
their
 
thickness
 
and
 
elevation.
 
Both
 
coal
 
thickness
 
and
 
quality
 
data
 
are
 
deemed
 
by
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
29
MM&A to be reasonably sufficient within the resource areas.
 
Therefore, there is a reasonable level
of confidence in the geologic
 
interpretations required for coal resource determination based on the
available data and the techniques applied to the data.
Table 11-1
 
below provides the geological mapping and
 
coal tonnage estimation criteria used for the
coal resource
 
and reserve
 
evaluation.
 
These cut-off
 
parameters
 
have
 
been developed
 
by MM&A
based on
 
its experience
 
with the
 
Coronado properties
 
and are
 
typical of
 
mining operations
 
in the
Central
 
Appalachian
 
coal
 
basin.
 
This
 
experience
 
includes
 
technical
 
and
 
economic
 
evaluations
 
of
numerous
 
properties
 
in the
 
region
 
for
 
the
 
purposes of
 
determining
 
the
 
economic
 
viability of
 
the
subject coal reserves.
Table 11-1:
 
General Reserve & Resource Criteria
Item
Parameters
Technical Notes & Exceptions*
 
General Reserve Criteria
 
 
Reserve Classification
Reserve and Resource
Coal resources as reported are inclusive of coal reserves.
Reliability Categories
Reserve (Proven and Probable)
Resource (Measured, Indicated & Inferred)
To better reflect geological conditions of the coal
deposits, distance between points of observation is
standard USGS (in meters), respectively, for measured
and indicated and inferred.
Effective Date of Resource Estimate
December 31, 2022
Coal resources were updated for depletion and non-
material resource additions based on information from
Coronado.
 
Effective date for coal resources is as of
December 31, 2022.
Effective Date of Reserve Estimate
December 31, 2022
Coal reserves were updated for depletion and non-
material reserve additions based on information from
Coronado.
 
Effective date for coal reserves is as of
December 31, 2022.
Seam Density
Variable, dependent upon seam characteristics
(based on available drill hole quality).
 
In the
absence of laboratory data, estimated by (1)
assuming specific gravity of 1.30 for coal and 2.25
to 2.5 for rock parting, or (2) 1280 kg/m
3
to 1324
kg/m
3
 
for a "clean" seam)
 
Underground-Mineable Criteria
Map Thickness
Total seam thickness
Minimum Seam Thickness
0.76 meters (thermal coal); 0.68 meters
(metallurgical coal)
 
Minimum Mining Thickness
1.4 to 1.8 meters
Minimum Total Coal Thickness
0.76 meters (thermal coal); 0.68 meters
(metallurgical coal)
 
Minimum In-Seam Wash Recovery
50 percent; 40 percent where coal is belted
directly to preparation plant
Wash Recovery Applied to Coal
Reserves
Based on average yield for drill holes within
reserve area, or in the absence of laboratory
washability data, based on estimated visual
recovery using specific gravities noted above and
95 percent yield on "clean" coal
Item
Parameters
Technical Notes & Exceptions*
 
Underground-Mineable Criteria
 
Out-of-Seam Dilution Thickness for
Run-of-Mine Tonnes Applied to Coal
Reserves
0.05 meters minimum
2243 kg/m³ density used for dilution tonnage estimate
Mine Barrier
60.96-meter distance from abandoned mines and
sealed or pillared areas; 30.4-meter distance from
planned highwall miner panels
Minimum Reserve Tonnage
226,796 recoverable tonnes for individual area
(logical mining unit)
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
30
Minimum Overburden Depth
30.48 meters
Minimum Interval to Rider Coal
Considered on a case-by-case basis, depending on
interval lithology, etc.
<1.5 meters are resource
Minimum Interval to Overlying or
Underlying Reserves
Considered on a case-by-case basis, depending on
interval lithology, extent and type of extraction,
etc.
Typically, 12.19 meters
Minimum Interval to Overlying or
Underlying Mined Areas
Considered on a case-by-case basis, depending on
interval lithology, extent and type of extraction,
etc.
Adjustments Applied to Coal Reserves
6 percent moisture increase; 5 percent loss for
preparation plant inefficiency
Surface Mineable Criteria
Topographic Map Source
Reserves estimated based on aerial topography,
where available, and best available aerial
topography for other areas.
 
Pre-law highwalls
also based on aerial topography, where available
Map Thickness
Total mineable seam thickness (excluding removal
partings)
Mine Recovery Applied to Coal
Reserves
90 percent; 25 percent for previously
underground mined areas.
 
Wash Recovery
Not Applicable for most reserves estimated on a
direct-ship basis.
 
Where surface mineable coal is
projected to be washed, based on average yield
for drill holes within reserve area, or in the
absence of laboratory washability data, based on
estimated visual recovery using specific gravities
noted above and 95 percent yield on "clean" coal
Minimum Thickness
0.3 meter for principal seam (principal seam is any
that is >0.76 meters from another mineable coal
bench)
0.15 meters for a split of a principal seam (split is
within 0.76 meters of another mineable coal
bench)
Minimum thickness of recoverable
coal within single seam
CTR/Area/HWM areas
0.6 meters
Removable Rock Parting Thickness
0.07 meters
Maximum Cumulative Area Mining
Strip Ratio
30:1 – Area
15:1 - CTR
Exceptions considered for metallurgical grade coal
products if deemed economical
Design Bench Width for
Contour/HWM Areas
38.1 meters (Contour reserves estimated in
conjunction with potential HWM reserves)
Adjustments Applied to Marketable
Coal Reserves
4.5 percent moisture increase
Out-of-Seam Dilution Thickness
Applied to Coal Reserves
NA
2% adjustment (addition) made to product coal quality
ash to account for dilution
 
Surface Property Control
Reserves considered where surface is controlled;
tonnage not estimated or classified as resource
where surface is uncontrolled.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
31
Item
Parameters
Technical Notes & Exceptions*
Highwall Miner Reserves
Penetration Depth
91.4 – 243.8 meters
Seam Density & Wash Recovery
Similar to underground-mineable reserves
Mine Recovery Applied to Coal
Reserves
40 percent
 
Minimum Coal Thickness
0.6 meter
Minimum Mining Height
0.9 meter
Adjustments Applied to Marketable
Coal Reserves
6 percent moisture increase and 5 percent loss for
preparation plant inefficiency
Out-of-Seam Dilution Thickness
Applied to Coal Reserves
0.9 meter less seam height
2242 to 2402 kg/m
3
 
density used for dilution tonnage
estimate
Note:
 
Exceptions for
 
application of
 
these criteria
 
to resource
 
and reserve
 
estimation are
 
made as
 
warranted and
 
demonstrated by
 
either actual
 
mining
experience or detailed data
 
that allows for empirical
 
evaluation of mining conditions.
 
Final classification of coal reserve
 
is made based on the
 
pre-
feasibility evaluation.
11.1.1
Geostatistical Analysis
MM&A completed a
 
geostatistical analysis on drill
 
holes within
 
the reserve boundaries
 
to determine
the applicability of the common United States classification system for measured and indicated and
inferred coal
 
resources.
 
Historically,
 
the United States
 
has assumed that coal
 
within 0.4-kilometer
of a point of observation represents a measured resource whereas coal between 0.4 kilometer
 
and
1.2 kilometer from
 
a point
 
of observation
 
is classified
 
as indicated.
 
Inferred resources are commonly
assumed to be located between 1.2 kilometers and 4.8 kilometers from a point of observation.
 
Per
SEC
 
regulations,
 
only
 
measured
 
and
 
indicated
 
resources
 
may
 
be
 
considered
 
for
 
reserve
classification, respectively as proven and probable reserves.
MM&A performed
 
a geostatistical
 
analysis test
 
of the
 
Logan data
 
set using
 
the Drill
 
Hole Spacing
Analysis
 
(
DHSA
)
 
method.
 
This
 
method
 
attempts
 
to
 
quantify
 
the
 
uncertainty
 
of
 
applying
 
a
measurement
 
from
 
a
 
central
 
location
 
to
 
increasingly
 
larger
 
square
 
blocks
 
and
 
provides
recommendations
 
for determining
 
the distances
 
between drill
 
holes for
 
measured, indicated,
 
and
inferred resources.
To
 
perform DHSA the data
 
set was processed to remove
 
any erroneous data points,
 
clustered data
points, as
 
well as
 
directional trends.
 
This was
 
achieved through
 
the use
 
of histograms,
 
as seen
 
in
Figure 11-1
, color coded scatter
 
plots showing the geospatial positioning
 
of the borings,
Figure 11-
2
, and trend analysis.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p41i2 ex963p41i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
32
Figure 11-1:
 
Histogram of the Total
 
Seam
Thickness for the No. 2 Gas Seam Present in the
Logan Complex
Figure 11-2:
 
Scatter plot of the Total
 
Seam
Thickness for the No. 2 Gas Seam Present in the
Logan Complex
Following the completion of
 
data processing, a variogram
 
of the data set was
 
created,
Figure 11-3
.
 
The
 
variogram
 
plots average
 
square difference
 
against
 
the separation
 
distance
 
between
 
the data
pairs.
 
The
 
separation
 
distance
 
is broken
 
up into
 
separate
 
bins defined
 
by a
 
uniform
 
lag distance
(e.g., for
 
a lag
 
distance of
 
152 meters
 
the bins
 
would be
 
0 –
 
152 meters,
 
153 –
 
305 meters,
 
etc.).
 
Each pair of data points that are less than one lag distance apart are reported in the first bin.
 
If the
data
 
pair
 
is
 
further
 
apart
 
than
 
one
 
lag
 
distance
 
but
 
less
 
than
 
two
 
lag
 
distances
 
apart,
 
then
 
the
variance is reported in the second bin.
 
The numerical average for differences
 
reported for each bin
is then plotted on the variogram.
 
Care was taken to
 
define the lag distance in such a way
 
as to not
overestimate any nugget effect
 
present in the data set.
 
Lastly, modeled equations, often spherical,
gaussian, or
 
exponential, are
 
applied to
 
the variogram
 
in order
 
to represent
 
the data
 
set across
 
a
continuous spectrum.
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p42i1
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
33
Figure 11-3: Variogram of the Total
 
Seam Thickness for the No. 2 Gas Seam
 
Present in the Logan Complex
The estimation
 
variance is
 
then calculated
 
using information
 
from the
 
modeled variogram
 
as well
as
 
charts
 
published
 
by
 
Journel
 
and
 
Huijbregts
 
(1978).
 
This
 
value
 
estimates
 
the
 
variance
 
from
applying
 
a
 
single
 
central
 
measurement
 
to
 
increasingly
 
larger
 
square
 
blocks.
 
Care
 
was
 
taken
 
to
ensure any nugget effect present was added back
 
into the data.
 
This process was repeated for each
test block size.
The final step of the process
 
is to calculate the
 
global estimation variance.
 
In this step the number
square
 
blocks that
 
would fit
 
inside the
 
selected study
 
area is
 
determined for
 
each block
 
size
 
that
was
 
investigated
 
in the
 
previous
 
step.
 
The estimation
 
variance
 
is then
 
divided by
 
the number
 
of
blocks that
 
would fit
 
inside the
 
study area
 
for
 
each test
 
block size.
 
Following this
 
determination,
the data is then transformed back to represent
 
the relative error in the 95
th
-percentile range.
Figure 11-4
shows
 
the results
 
of the
 
DHSA
 
performed
 
on the
 
No. 2
 
Gas seam
 
data
 
for
 
the
 
Logan
Complex.
 
DHSA provides hole
 
to hole
 
spacing values,
 
these distances need
 
to be converted to
 
radius
from a central point in order to
 
compare to the historical standards.
 
A summary of the radius data
is shown
 
in
Table
 
11-3
.
 
DHSA prescribes
 
measured, indicated,
 
and inferred
 
drill hole
 
spacings be
determined at the 10-percent, 20-percent, and 50-percent
 
levels of relative error,
 
respectively.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ex963p43i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
34
Figure 11-4: Result of DHSA for the No. 2 Gas Seam Present in the Logan Complex
Table 11-2:
 
DHSA Results Summary for Radius from a Central Point
Model:
Measured Radial Distance
(10% Relative Error)
Indicated Radial Distance
(20% Relative Error)
Inferred Radial Distance
(50% Relative Error)
(km)
(km)
(km)
Gaussian:
0.99
1.66
3.94
Spherical:
0.87
1.53
3.53
Exponential:
0.87
1.53
3.53
Comparing
 
the
 
results
 
of
 
the
 
DHSA
 
to
 
the
 
historical
 
standards,
 
it
 
is
 
evident
 
that
 
the
 
historical
standards
 
are
 
more
 
conservative
 
than
 
even
 
the
 
most
 
conservative
 
DHSA
 
model
 
with
 
regards
 
to
determining measured resources.
 
The Exponential and
 
Spherical models recommend using
 
a radius
of 0.87 kilometers for measured resources compared to the historical value of 0.4 kilometers.
 
With
respect to indicated resources,
 
the Spherical and Exponential models recommend using a
 
radius of
1.53 kilometers.
 
The historical radius of 1.2 kilometers is
 
therefore also more conservative than the
DHSA results
 
for indicated
 
resources.
 
These results
 
have led
 
the QPs
 
to report
 
the data
 
following
the historical classification standards, rather
 
than use the results of the DHSA.
11.2
Qualified Person’s Estimates
Mineral
 
resources
 
representing
 
in-situ
 
coal
 
are
 
estimated
 
Inclusive
 
of
 
Reserve
 
and
 
Exclusive
 
of
Reserves.
 
Based on the work and methods described above and detailed geologic modelling of the
areas considering all defined parameters,
 
a coal resource estimate,
 
summarized in
Table
 
11-3
, was
prepared as of December 31, 2022, for property controlled by Coronado.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
35
Table 11-3:
 
Coal Resources Summary as of December 31, 2022 (Mt)
 
Coal Resource (Dry Tonnes, In Situ, MT)
Resource Quality (Dry)
Area
Measured
Indicated
Inferred
Total
Ash%
Sulfur%
VM%
Inclusive of Reserves
127.2
40.0
0.0
167.2
24
1.0
28
Exclusive of Reserves
45.2
37.0
3.4
85.6
Total 12/31/2022
172.5
77.0
3.4
252.8
Note:
 
Resource tonnes are inclusive of reserve tonnes since they include the in-situ tonnes from which recoverable coal reserves are
derived.
Note 2:
 
Coal resources are reported on a dry basis.
 
Surface moisture and inherent moisture are excluded.
Note 3: The Property has 82.2 Mt of dry, in-place measured and indicated resource tonnes exclusive of reserves as of December 31, 2022.
11.3
Resources Exclusive of Reserves
The Property contains multiple resource blocks which
 
were not deemed to
 
exhibit reserve potential
at the time
 
of the study.
 
These underground-mineable resources,
 
formally identified
 
as resources
exclusive of
 
reserves, are from
 
the No. 2 Gas,
 
Lower Powellton, Peerless,
 
Lower Winifrede, Middle
Cedar
 
Grove
 
and
 
Beckley
 
coal
 
seams.
 
There
 
are
 
also
 
surface
 
mineable
 
resources
 
exclusive
 
of
reserves in various seams. Reasons
 
which may preclude elevation
 
of resources to reserves
 
include,
but are not limited to:
1.
Unfavorable economics
 
at the PFS level, yet economics could become attractive
 
in the future
under different market
 
conditions.
 
2.
Exclusion from LOM planning by mining operator
 
due to remaining resource blocks which are
relatively small, isolated blocks and not currently attractive
 
from an operational perspective.
 
11.3.1
Initial Economic Assessment
MM&A completed an initial economic assessment to
 
determine the potential economic viability of
resources exclusive of reserves.
 
Unlike the economic analysis presented in
Section
 
19 developed to
test
 
reserves,
 
the initial
 
economic
 
assessment
 
below is
 
presented
 
on a
 
real basis
 
in 2023
 
dollars.
 
MM&A
 
applied
 
relevant
 
technical
 
factors
 
to
 
estimate
 
potential
 
saleable
 
tonnes
 
without
 
the
resource blocks, should the resources be extracted via
 
deep, continuous mining methods or
 
surface
area methods.
 
MM&A developed
 
cash cost
 
profiles for
 
the resource
 
blocks, including
 
direct cash
costs (labor,
 
supplies, roof control,
 
maintenance and
 
repair,
 
power,
 
and other); washing,
 
trucking,
materials
 
handling,
 
general
 
and
 
administrative,
 
and
 
environmental
 
costs;
 
and
 
indirect
 
cash
 
costs
(royalties, production taxes, property tax, insurance).
 
Costs were developed based off
 
relevant cost
drivers
 
(per-meter,
 
per-bank
 
cubic meter,
 
per-raw-tonne,
 
per-clean-tonne).
 
Additionally,
 
MM&A
estimated capital costs to extract
 
resources.
 
Capital costs associated with mine development were
amortized
 
across
 
the
 
resource’s
 
potential
 
saleable
 
tonnages.
 
Additional
 
non-cash
 
items
(depreciation of equipment and depletion) and cash costs were compared to an assumed sale price
of $154 per tonne
 
(FOB loadout) for underground
 
-mineable resources, representing
 
the long-term
average
 
price forecast
 
for HVB provided
 
by Coronado.
 
Surface resources
 
were assessed
 
at a
 
sales
price of
 
$83 per tonne
 
(FOB loadout)
 
based on estimated
 
historical pricing
 
for Coronado’s
 
surface
operations.
 
The results of the analysis are shown below and demonstrate potential profitability on
a fully loaded cost basis.
 
Detailed summaries are shown in
Appendix D
.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ex963p45i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
36
Table 11-4:
 
Results of Initial Economic Assessment
Mine
Resource
Block
Direct
Cash
Transportation,
Washing, Enviro,
G&A
Indirect
Non-Cash
Total
 
Cost
Fully
Loaded
P&L
Toney Fork #2
N2G
$66.67
$17.34
$19.81
$16.50
$120.32
$34.01
Pardee
N2G
$73.46
$20.85
$19.81
$11.60
$125.72
$28.60
Sugar Camp
N2G
$92.16
$25.16
$19.81
$9.38
$146.51
$7.82
Lower Powellton
LPOW
$71.00
$18.22
$19.81
$7.50
$116.53
$37.80
Lower Powellton
LPOW
$74.31
$18.99
$19.81
$19.19
$132.30
$22.02
N2G Peerless
Peer
$95.07
$15.53
$19.81
$15.81
$146.22
$8.11
Beckley
Bec
$64.83
$16.72
$19.81
$16.06
$117.42
$36.90
Middle Cedar Grove
MCG
$68.56
$18.21
$19.81
$35.73
$142.30
$12.02
Ramaco
N2G
$62.22
$21.52
$19.81
$29.31
$132.86
$21.46
Lower Winifrede
LWIN
$56.79
$20.02
$19.81
$12.69
$109.31
$45.01
Powellton No. 1
UPOW
$60.30
$21.11
$19.81
$7.50
$108.72
$45.61
Thermal Area Mines (S)
S
$49.96
$6.34
$12.73
$7.50
$76.52
$6.15
Figure 11-5:
 
Results of Initial Economic Assessment
11.4
Resources Inclusive of Reserves
The
Inclusive
 
of
 
Reserves
 
in-place
 
resource
 
account
 
for
 
66-percent
 
of
 
the
 
total
 
252.8
 
million
estimated in-situ resource.
 
Recoverable reserves for
 
both surface and underground mine methods
are
 
derived
 
from
 
the
Inclusive
 
of
 
Reserve
 
167.2
 
million
 
in-situ
 
resource.
 
Logan
 
reserves
 
are
discussed further in
Section 12
, Mineral Reserve Estimates below.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
37
11.5
Qualified Person’s Opinion
While
 
there
 
is
 
some
 
level
 
of
 
stratigraphically
 
controlled
 
seam-thickness
 
variability
 
due
 
to
 
seam
splitting,
 
sand channels,
 
etc.,
 
the coal
 
seams on
 
the mine
 
property
 
in Logan
 
County demonstrate
reasonable
 
thickness
 
consistency
 
according
 
to
 
the
 
classification
 
system
 
of
measured
 
(0
 
 
0.4
kilometer),
indicated
 
(0.4 to 1.2
 
kilometers), and
inferred
 
(1.2 to 4.8 kilometers).
 
MM&A geologists
and engineers
 
modeled the deposit
 
and delineated mineable
 
regions to
 
reflect the
 
nature of
 
each
seam and the practicality of mining constraints.
 
Based on MM&A’s
 
geostatistical analysis, it would
be
 
possible
 
to
 
extend
 
the
 
measured,
 
indicated
 
and
 
inferred
 
arcs
 
slightly
 
beyond
 
historically
accepted practices due to consistent geological settings.
 
The QP’s have again elected not to extend
arc distances, introducing a level of conservatism in measured
 
and indicated coal classification.
Based on the data
 
review,
 
the attendant work
 
done to verify the data
 
integrity and the creation
 
of
an independent
 
geologic model,
 
the QPs
 
believe
 
this is
 
a fair
 
and accurate
 
representation
 
of the
Logan coal resources.
12
Mineral Reserve Estimates
12.1
Assumptions, Parameters and Methodology
Coal Reserves are classified as
proven
 
or
probable
 
considering “modifying factors” including mining,
metallurgical, economic, marketing, legal,
 
environmental, social and governmental
 
factors.
>
Proven Coal Reserves
 
are the economically mineable part of a measured coal resource,
adjusted for diluting materials and allowances for losses when the material is mined.
 
It is based
on appropriate assessment and studies in consideration of and adjusted
 
for reasonably
assumed modifying factors.
 
These assessments demonstrate that extraction
 
could be
reasonably justified at the time of reporting.
 
>
Probable Coal Reserves
 
are the economically mineable part of an indicated coal resource, and
in some circumstances a measured coal resource, adjusted
 
for diluting materials and
allowances for losses when the material is mined.
 
It is based on appropriate assessment and
studies in consideration of and adjusted for
 
reasonably assumed modifying factors.
 
These
assessments demonstrate that extraction
 
could be reasonably justified at the time of reporting.
 
Upon completion of delineation
 
and calculation of coal
 
resources, MM&A generated a LOM plan
 
for
Logan.
 
The footprint of each reserve area is shown on the maps in
Appendix B
.
 
The Mine plan was
generated
 
based
 
on
 
the
 
forecast
 
mine
 
plan
 
and
 
permit
 
plan
 
provided
 
by
 
Coronado
 
with
modifications by
 
MM&A where
 
necessary due
 
to current
 
property control
 
limits, modifications
 
to
geologic mapping, or other factors determined during the evaluation.
Carlson
 
Mining
 
software
 
was
 
used
 
to
 
generate
 
the
 
LOM
 
plan
 
for
 
Logan.
 
The
 
mine
 
plan
 
was
sequenced based on productivity schedules provided by
 
Coronado.
 
MM&A judged the productivity
estimates and plans to be reasonable based on experience and current industry practice.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
38
Raw,
 
ROM
 
production
 
data
 
outputs
 
from
 
LOM
 
plan
 
sequencing
 
were
 
processed
 
into
 
Microsoft
®
EXCEL spreadsheets
 
and summarized
 
on an
 
annual basis
 
for processing
 
into the
 
economic model.
 
Average seam densities were
 
estimated to determine raw
 
coal tonnes produced
 
from the LOM
 
plan.
 
Average mine recovery
 
and wash recovery factors
 
were applied to determine coal reserve tonnes.
 
Coal
 
reserve
 
tonnes
 
in this
 
evaluation
 
are
 
reported
 
at
 
a
 
4.5 percent
 
to 6.0
 
percent
 
moisture
 
and
represent the saleable product from the Property.
 
Pricing
 
data
 
as
 
provided
 
by
 
Coronado
 
is
 
described
 
in
Section
 
16.2
.
 
The
 
pricing
 
data
 
assumes
respective HVA, HVB, specialty markets
 
and thermal FOB-mine prices of approximately $192, $170,
and
 
$227
 
per
 
metric
 
tonne
 
for
 
calendar
 
year
 
2023.
 
HVA,
 
HVB,
 
and
 
thermal
 
prices
 
respectively
decrease
 
to
 
approximately
 
$151,
 
$132,
 
and
 
$83
 
per
 
metric
 
tonne
 
through
 
year
 
2027,
 
and
 
then
increase to $271, $237, and $150 per metric tonne through year 2056.
The coal resource mapping and estimation
 
process, described in this report was used
 
as a basis for
the coal reserve
 
estimate.
 
Proven and
 
probable coal
 
reserves were
 
derived from
 
the defined coal
resource
 
considering
 
relevant
 
processing,
 
economic
 
(including
 
technical
 
estimates
 
of
 
capital,
revenue, and cost), marketing,
 
legal, environmental, socio-economic, and
 
regulatory factors and are
presented on a moist, recoverable
 
basis.
As is
 
customary in
 
the US,
 
the categories
 
for proven
 
and probable
 
coal reserves
 
are based
 
on the
distances
 
from
 
valid
 
points
 
of
 
measurement
 
as
 
determined
 
by
 
the
 
QPs
 
for
 
the
 
area
 
under
consideration.
 
For this
 
evaluation, measured
 
resource, which
 
may convert
 
to a
 
proven reserve,
 
is
based on a 0.4-kilometer radius from a valid point of observation.
Points of observation include exploration drill holes, gas wells, and
 
mine measurements which have
been
 
fully
 
vetted
 
and
 
processed
 
into
 
a
 
geologic
 
model.
 
The
 
geologic
 
model
 
is
 
based
 
on
 
seam
depositional modeling, the
 
interrelationship of overlying and
 
underlying strata on seam mineability,
seam thickness trends,
 
the impact of seam
 
structure (i.e., faulting),
 
intra-seam characteristics,
 
etc.
 
Once
 
the
 
geologic
 
model
 
was
 
completed,
 
a
 
statistical
 
analysis,
 
described
 
in
Section
 
11.1.1
 
was
conducted
 
and
 
a
 
0.4-kilometer
 
radius
 
from
 
a
 
valid
 
point
 
of
 
observation
 
was
 
selected
 
to
 
define
Measured Resources.
 
Likewise,
 
the distance
 
between 0.4
 
and 1.2 of
 
a kilometer
 
radius was
 
selected to
 
define Indicated
Resources.
 
Indicated Resources may convert
 
to Probable Reserves.
 
Inferred Resources (greater than a
 
1.2-kilometer radius from a
 
valid point of
 
observation) have been
excluded from Reserve consideration.
12.2
Mineral Reserves
Logan reserves were derived from multiple coal seams located on the
 
Property and shown in
Figure
7.1
.
 
Reserves
 
are
 
estimated
 
for
 
both
 
surface
 
and
 
underground
 
mine methods.
 
Surface
 
reserves
were estimated for three designated mine areas: Toney Fork, Buffalo Creek South, and Sugar Camp.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
39
Underground
 
reserves
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
six
 
seams
 
including
 
the
 
Upper
 
Winifrede,
 
Chilton
(Williamson),
 
Upper
 
Powellton,
 
Lower
 
Powellton,
 
No.
 
2
 
Gas-Lower
 
(Eagle)
 
and
 
Lower
 
War
 
Eagle.
 
The
 
Mt
 
of
 
demonstrated
 
reserves
 
are
 
sited
 
in
 
the
 
discussion
 
below.
 
Table
 
12-2
 
shows
 
the
demonstrated tonnage by Proven
 
and Probable category.
 
Individual seam maps are included in
Appendix B
 
herein.
 
12.2.1
Surface Reserves
Surface coal reserves of the Property include an estimated 32.5 Mt.
 
Each surface mine area -- Tony
Fork, Buffalo
 
Creek South
 
and Sugar
 
Camp --
 
includes coal
 
reserves from
 
multiple seams.
 
Two
 
of
the three
 
surface reserve
 
areas, Toney
 
Fork and
 
Buffalo
 
Creek South,
 
include both
 
permitted
 
and
non-permitted
 
tonnages,
 
where
 
Sugar
 
Camp
 
tonnage
 
is
 
not
 
permitted.
 
The
 
Property
 
has
 
five
surface
 
mine permits
 
for
 
contour
 
and highwall
 
mining.
 
Even
 
so, in
 
2022 there
 
was minor
 
surface
mine activity on just two of the five surface mine permits at Toney
 
Fork Mine No. 3 and Elk Lick.
 
12.2.1.1
Toney
 
Fork Surface
Toney
 
Fork
 
surface
 
area
 
is located
 
north
 
of Buffalo
 
Creek
 
on
 
the north
 
side of
 
the
 
Property.
 
The
Toney
 
Fork drainage
 
bisects much
 
of the
 
area which
 
includes contour
 
and highwall
 
miner reserve
from
 
six
 
seams.
 
The
 
Toney
 
Fork
 
reserve
 
includes
 
11.3
 
Mt
 
of
 
both
 
permitted
 
and
 
not-permitted
status.
 
There
 
is one
 
active permit
 
-- Toney
 
Fork Mine
 
No 3
 
(S-5007-09).
 
In 2022,
 
few
 
tons
 
were
mined from this permit.
 
Mine depletion from
 
surface and
 
underground mining,
 
seam dependent, exists
 
in all seams
 
of the
Toney
 
Fork reserve
 
which include the
 
Upper Coalburg, Lower
 
Coalburg, Lower
 
Dorothy,
 
Chilton A,
Upper Winifrede and Lower Winifrede seams.
 
12.2.1.2
Buffalo Creek South
Buffalo
 
Creek
 
South
 
surface
 
area
 
includes
 
an
 
estimated
 
15.0
 
Mt
 
from
 
projected
 
contour
 
and
highwall mines.
 
The reserve total includes both permitted and not-permitted tonnages.
 
Permitted
tonnages are
 
estimated from
 
four surface
 
mine permits
 
-- North
 
Fork Winifrede
 
Contour (S-5004-
17), Middle Fork
 
Surface (S-5004-22),
 
and two
 
at Elk Lick
 
(S-5014-10 &
 
S-5008-22).
 
In 2022, a
 
few
tonnes were mined and only at Elk Lick.
 
The highwall
 
mineable tonnage
 
is estimated
 
for six
 
seams with
 
adequate seam
 
heights which
 
include
the
 
Lower
 
Coalburg,
 
Lower
 
Dorothy,
 
Chilton,
 
Chilton
 
A,
 
Buffalo
 
Creek
 
and
 
the
 
Upper
 
Winifrede.
 
Contour mine
 
tonnage is
 
derived from
 
the highwall
 
mine seams, along
 
with four
 
additional seams
with acceptable
 
seam thickness.
 
They include the
 
Lower Clarion, Upper
 
Stockton, Lower
 
Stockton
and Upper Coalburg.
 
Mine depletion to various extents exists in the Buffalo
 
Creek South seams.
12.2.1.3
Sugar Camp Surface
Sugar
 
Camp surface
 
area is
 
a ridge
 
above
 
Sugar Camp
 
Branch
 
tributary of
 
Huff
 
Creek.
 
The Sugar
Camp
 
reserve
 
includes
 
6.2
 
Mt
 
with
 
a
 
suitable
 
surface
 
mine
 
strip
 
ratio.
 
Proposed
 
surface
 
mining
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
40
includes reserve from 12
 
seams beginning with
 
the Chilton A seam
 
down to the
 
S80 seam, each
 
with
an acceptable seam
 
height.
 
The seams included are
 
Chilton A, Upper Winifrede,
 
Lower Winifrede,
Chilton, Upper Cedar Grove, Middle Cedar Grove, Lower Cedar Grove, S132 seam, S120 seam, S110
seam, S84 seam and S80 seam.
 
No mine depletion exists in the seams of the reserve on the ridge.
 
12.2.2
Underground Reserves
Underground
 
coal
 
reserves
 
of the
 
Property
 
include an
 
estimated
 
38.1 Mt
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
small
above-drainage deposits in
 
the Upper
 
Winifrede seam
 
along with
 
larger seam
 
deposits of
 
the deeper
Chilton, Upper
 
Powellton,
 
Lower Powellton,
 
No. 2
 
Gas-Lower (Eagle)
 
and Lower
 
War Eagle
 
seams.
 
Active underground
 
mines are
 
operating
 
in the
 
Upper Winifrede,
 
No. 2
 
Gas-Lower
 
and the
 
Lower
War Eagle seams.
12.2.2.1
Upper Winifrede (No 8) Seam
The Upper Winifrede seam includes two underground reserves, the permitted North Fork Mine (U-
5009-19)
 
and
 
a
 
not-permitted
 
proposed
 
Upper
 
Winifrede
 
mine.
 
The
 
active
 
North
 
Fork
 
Mine
 
is
situated on a narrow
 
ridge between two drainages,
 
has an average
 
seam thickness of 1.42 meters,
and includes an
 
estimated 0.2 Mt.
 
The Proposed Upper
 
Winifrede mine reserve
 
displays some seam
splitting, has an average
 
seam thickness of 1.64 meters,
 
and includes an estimated
 
1.8 Mt.
 
On the
Property,
 
the
 
Upper
 
Winifrede
 
seam
 
has
 
been
 
extensively
 
mined
 
from
 
both
 
surface
 
and
underground mining.
12.2.2.2
Chilton (Williamson) Seam
The
 
Chilton
 
seam
 
reserve
 
includes
 
an
 
estimated
 
5.4
 
Mt
 
from
 
two
 
proposed
 
mine
 
areas:
 
Camp
Branch
 
and Elk
 
Lick.
 
The average
 
seam height
 
for
 
the two
 
areas is
 
1.17 meters
 
and 1.06
 
meters,
respectively.
 
On
 
the
 
Property,
 
the
 
Chilton
 
seam
 
has
 
been
 
extensively
 
mined,
 
mainly
 
by
underground mining.
12.2.2.3
Upper Powellton (Upper Alma)
The Powellton
 
No 1
 
Mine permit provides
 
access to
 
the remaining
 
3.6 Mt of
 
the Upper
 
Powellton
reserve.
 
The
 
seam
 
has
 
an
 
average
 
thickness
 
of
 
nearly
 
1.12
 
meters.
 
The
 
mine
 
is
 
bound
 
by
 
the
property extent to the northeast and
 
thin coal from a seam
 
split to the
 
west.
 
The south end
 
of Mine
No. 1 is mined out.
 
Elsewhere, no prior Upper Powellton seam mining is noted on the Property.
12.2.2.4
Lower Powellton (Lower Alma)
The
 
Lower
 
Powellton
 
seam
 
reserve
 
includes
 
an
 
estimated
 
5.1
 
Mt
 
from
 
a
 
proposed
 
mine
 
area
situated
 
north
 
of
 
Toney
 
Fork.
 
In
 
the
 
mapped
 
resource
 
area,
 
the
 
interval
 
to
 
the
 
overlying
 
Upper
Powellton seam is in a range of 5.1 to 7.2 meters.
 
Therefore, only resources (exclusive
 
of reserves)
are projected
 
below the
 
Upper Powellton
 
underground
 
mine where
 
the two
 
seams overlap.
 
The
Lower Powellton
 
seam has
 
an average
 
reserve thickness
 
of 0.89
 
meters
 
and is
 
bound by
 
property
control to the north, by
 
low coal to the
 
west and south and
 
from overmining in the
 
Upper Powellton
seam to the east.
 
No prior Lower Powellton seam mining is noted on the Property.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
41
12.2.2.5
No. 2 Gas-Lower (Eagle)
The No 2 Gas-Lower seam reserve includes an estimated 15.5 Mt.
 
The demonstrated total includes
both permitted and not permitted tonnes.
 
Two active mines access the reserve -- the Eagle No. 1 /
Toney Fork Mine (U-5013-11) from Toney Fork Drainage and the Muddy Bridge 1
 
& 2 Mine
 
(U-5034-
96, U-5035-96)
 
from Muddy
 
Bridge Branch
 
of Huff
 
Creek.
 
Mine boundaries
 
of the
 
two mines
 
are
immediately
 
adjacent
 
to
 
one
 
another
 
and
 
mine plans
 
maximize
 
the
 
mineable area.
 
The
 
average
seam
 
height
 
is
 
1.00
 
meter
 
and
 
1.52
 
meters
 
for
 
the
 
Eagle
 
No.
 
1
 
and
 
Muddy
 
Bridge
 
mines,
respectively.
 
On the Property,
 
the No. 2
 
Gas-Lower reserve
 
is limited by
 
low coal thickness
 
to the
east and seam outcrop along large drainages elsewhere.
 
Previous underground mining of the seam
is mapped immediately west of the Property.
 
12.2.2.6
Lower War Eagle
 
The
 
Lower
 
War
 
Eagle
 
seam reserve
 
includes an
 
estimated
 
6.5
 
Mt.
 
One underground
 
Lower
 
War
Eagle mine (U-4002-99B) provides
 
seam access from the
 
portal located along
 
Huff Creek.
 
Mapped
mine depletion is
 
from within the
 
existing mine.
 
The Lower War
 
Eagle reserve
 
extent is
 
limited to
the north by low coal.
 
12.3
Qualified Person’s Estimates
Reserve tonnage
 
estimates provided
 
herein report
 
coal reserves
 
derived from
 
the in-situ resource
tonnes presented
 
in
Table
 
11-3
, and
 
not in
 
addition to
 
coal resources.
 
Proven
 
and probable
 
coal
reserves
 
were
 
derived
 
from
 
the
 
defined
 
coal
 
resource
 
considering
 
relevant
 
mining,
 
processing,
infrastructure,
 
economic
 
(including
 
estimates
 
of
 
capital,
 
revenue,
 
and
 
cost),
 
marketing,
 
legal,
environmental,
 
socio-economic and regulatory
 
factors.
 
The coal reserves,
 
as shown in
Table
 
12-2
,
are
 
based on
 
a technical
 
evaluation
 
of the
 
geology and
 
a preliminary
 
feasibility
 
study
 
of the
 
coal
deposits.
 
The
 
extent
 
to
 
which
 
the
 
coal
 
reserves
 
may
 
be
 
affected
 
by
 
any
 
known
 
environmental,
permitting,
 
legal,
 
title,
 
socio-economic,
 
marketing,
 
political,
 
or
 
other
 
relevant
 
issues
 
has
 
been
reviewed rigorously.
 
Similarly, the extent to which the estimates of coal reserves may be
 
materially
affected
 
by
 
mining,
 
metallurgical,
 
infrastructure
 
and
 
other
 
relevant
 
factors
 
has
 
also
 
been
considered.
 
Coal reserves are presented on a ROM basis in
Table 12-1.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
42
Table 12-1:
 
Coal Reserves Summary (ROM Basis (Moist)) as of December 31, 2022 (Mt)
 
Demonstrated Coal Reserves (Mt, Moist ROM)
Quality (Dry)
 
By Reliability Category
By Mining Type
By Control Type
Area / Mine
Proved
Probable
Total
Surface
UG
Owned
Leased
Ash
Sulfur
Vol
Logan Mine Complex
101.4
36.7
138.1
37.3
100.8
0.0
138.1
51
0.9
19
In
 
the
 
financial
 
analysis
 
some
 
of
 
the
 
projected
 
mines
 
were
 
not
 
economically
 
viable.
 
The
 
tonnes
projected to be mined from these locations have
 
not been included in the Reserve Base.
Table 12-2:
 
Coal Reserves Summary (Marketable Sales Basis) as of December 31, 2022 (Mt)
 
Demonstrated Coal Reserves (Wet Tons,
 
Washed or Direct Shipped, MT)
Quality (Dry Basis)
 
By Reliability Category
By Mining Type
By Control Type
Property
Proven
Probable
Total
Surface
UG
Owned
Leased
Ash%
Sulfur%
VM%
Logan County Complex
53.3
17.4
70.6
32.5
38.1
0.0
70.6
8
0.9
36
Note: Marketable reserve tonnes are reported on a moist basis, including a combination of surface and inherent moisture.
 
The combination of
surface and inherent moisture is modeled between 4.5 and 6-percent, depending upon mining method.
 
Actual product moisture is
dependent upon multiple geological factors, operational factors, and product contract specifications and can exceed 8-percent.
 
As such, the
modeled moisture values provide a level of conservatism for reserve reporting.
The
 
results
 
of
 
this
 
TRS
 
define
 
an
 
estimated
 
70.6
 
Mt
 
of
 
proven
 
and
 
probable
 
marketable
 
coal
reserves.
 
Of that total, 75 percent are proven, and 25 percent are probable.
 
All 70.6 Mt are leased
coal reserves and
 
are assigned.
 
Approximately 61.6
 
Mt of reserves are
 
considered suitable for
 
the
metallurgical coal market
 
and 9.0 Mt are projected to be sold into the thermal coal market.
12.4
Qualified Person’s Opinion
The
 
estimate
 
of coal
 
reserves was
 
determined
 
in accordance
 
with the
 
JORC
 
Code along
 
with SEC
Regulation S-K 1300.
The LOM mining
 
plan for
 
Logan was prepared
 
to the
 
level of
 
preliminary feasibility.
 
Mine projections
were
 
prepared,
 
and
 
timing
 
scheduled
 
to
 
match
 
production
 
with
 
coal
 
seam
 
characteristics.
 
Production timing was carried
 
out from current locations to depletion
 
of the coal
 
reserve area.
 
Coal
reserve estimates could be materially affected
 
by the risk factors described in
Section 22.2
.
Based on the Preliminary Feasibility Study
 
and the attendant Economic Review, the QPs believe this
is a fair and accurate calculation of the Logan
 
coal reserves.
13
Mining Methods
Nine underground
 
and three
 
surface mining
 
areas were
 
modeled and
 
tested
 
economically.
 
Once
the Resources were calculated, mine plans were created to project operating each resource area to
depletion, with crews
 
and equipment scheduled to
 
move to subsequent
 
mining areas as depletion
occurs.
 
Underground mine operations
 
are projected to
 
be exhausted in
 
2045, surface mines
 
deplete
in 2055 and the highwall miners finish in 2056.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
43
13.1
Geotech and Hydrology
Mining
 
plans
 
for
 
potential
 
underground
 
mines
 
were
 
developed
 
by
 
Coronado
 
and
 
MM&A.
 
Pillar
stability
 
was
 
tested
 
by MM&A
 
using the
Analysis of
 
Coal Pillar
 
Stability
 
(ACPS)
 
program
 
that
 
was
developed by the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and
 
Health (
NIOSH
)
.
 
MM&A reviewed
the results
 
from the ACPS
 
and ALPS analysis
 
and considered them
 
in the development
 
of the LOM
plan.
For the HWM operation, Mining cuts are approximately
 
2.9 meters wide, and cuts are typically laid
out on approximately 5.03-meter centers.
 
A 2.1-meter to 2.4-meter solid coal fender is left
 
in place
between
 
cuts.
 
The
 
mining
 
plan
 
provides
 
that
 
larger
 
barrier
 
pillars
 
be
 
provided
 
periodically,
depending on overburden depth and characteristics
 
and the immediate roof composition, typically
after 15
 
to 20
 
cuts.
 
Although this
 
plan, with
 
minor variations,
 
is common
 
throughout Appalachia,
specific
 
rock
 
and
 
coal
 
strength
 
information
 
is used
 
to
 
verify
 
whether
 
or
 
not
 
this
 
plan
 
provided
 
a
sufficient factor of safety.
Hydrology
 
has not
 
been an
 
issue of
 
concern at
 
Logan.
 
Based on
 
numerous
 
site visits
 
to both
 
the
surface and
 
underground portions
 
of the
 
Property by
 
the QPs,
 
it has
 
been determined
 
that this
 
is
not
 
a
 
significant
 
concern.
 
Mining
 
of
 
future
 
reserves
 
is
 
projected
 
to
 
occur
 
in
 
areas
 
which
 
exhibit
similar hydrogeological characteristics
 
as those formerly mined areas.
13.2
Production Rates
Operations
 
at
 
Logan
 
by Coronado
 
and
 
its predecessors
 
have
 
been on-going
 
for
 
many
 
years.
 
The
mine plan and productivity expectations reflect historical performance and efforts have been made
to adjust the plan to reflect future conditions.
 
MM&A is confident that the mine plan is reasonably
representative
 
to
 
provide
 
an
 
accurate
 
estimation
 
of
 
coal
 
reserves.
 
Mine
 
development
 
and
operation have not been optimized within the TRS.
Carlson Mining software was
 
used by MM&A to
 
generate mine
 
plans for the mineable
 
coal seams.
 
Mine
 
plans
 
were
 
sequenced based
 
on productivity
 
schedules provided
 
by Coronado,
 
which were
based
 
on
 
historically
 
achieved
 
productivity
 
levels.
 
All
 
production
 
forecasting
 
ties
 
assumed
production
 
rates
 
to
 
geological
 
models
 
as
 
constructed
 
by MM&A’s
 
team
 
of
 
geologists
 
and
 
mining
engineers.
The projected underground mines are set up similarly to the four currently active operations.
 
Each
mine is
 
scheduled to
 
operate
 
one to
 
three production
 
sections.
 
All sections
 
are configured
 
as full
supersections with two continuous
 
miners per section.
 
In all cases,
 
mines are forecasted to produce
coal two or three shifts each day.
 
In most cases the third shift is reserved for maintenance and belt
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
Production
 
is scheduled
 
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
each week,
 
and
 
every
 
other
Saturday.
Three surface resource areas were modeled.
 
Mining operations are projected to utilize area
 
mining
as well as contour mining (
CTR
) methods with an emphasis on creating highwall for highwall mining
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
44
activity.
 
The projected operations will
 
employ two existing
 
front-end loaders capable
 
of a
 
combined
production rate
 
of approximately
 
8,900 bcm/hr with
 
supplemental assistance
 
of 6 dozers
 
that can
generate an additional 700 bcm/hr providing their spoil placement does not interfere with planned
highwall mining activity.
 
The older, higher-hour front end loader will
 
be replaced in
 
early 2023
 
with
a higher production hydraulic excavator
 
that will increase the capability of the loading machines to
11,300 bcm/hr.
 
The dozers will continue supplementing the loading production on a periodic basis
as described previously.
 
The potential production
 
level of combined
 
machines is not projected
 
to
be
 
achieved
 
until
 
2024
 
and
 
not
 
consistently
 
until
 
2027
 
due
 
to
 
lack
 
of
 
sufficient
 
working
areas.
 
Sufficient reserves allow mining to continue to the year 2055.
The models assume
 
that the operations
 
will work two,
 
10-hour production shifts,
 
5 days per
 
week
plus every
 
other Saturday,
 
with sufficient
 
staffing
 
to float
 
vacation
 
during the
 
year.
 
A total
 
of 82
employees are assumed for the surface mines at full production.
Coals from
 
the surface
 
operations
 
are hauled
 
to the
 
loadout for
 
direct ship
 
or to
 
the preparation
plant for washing ultimately to be blended to shipment’s
 
specifications.
 
Saleable product from the
surface
 
operations
 
is
 
projected
 
to
 
be
 
sold
 
primary
 
into
 
the
 
thermal
 
coal
 
market
 
on
 
a
 
raw
 
basis;
however,
 
some production is planned to be washed for the metallurgical
 
coal market.
 
The three
 
areas planned
 
for highwall
 
mining are
 
assumed to
 
be mined
 
by a
 
contractor;
 
therefore,
the contractor
 
costs included
 
in the
 
financial model
 
assume that
 
the contractor
 
is responsible
 
for
staffing those operations along with providing
 
necessary equipment capital.
Spoil for
 
final highwall
 
reclamation is
 
expected to
 
come from
 
strategic
 
placement of
 
spoil on
 
pre-
existing benches by
 
haul trucks
 
such that
 
they are within
 
the push
 
distance of the
 
reclamation dozer.
 
13.3
Mining Related Requirements
13.3.1
Underground
A mine plan with
 
sequenced mining projections was prepared for each logical
 
mining unit.
 
For each
mine
 
plan,
 
the
 
appropriate
 
number
 
of
 
production
 
units
 
is
 
selected
 
for
 
the
 
resource
 
area,
 
and
 
a
productivity
 
level
 
assigned,
 
expressed
 
in
 
meters
 
of
 
advance
 
per
 
unit-shift
 
of
 
production.
 
The
productivity is
 
based on
 
the equipment
 
and personnel
 
configuration,
 
mining height
 
and expected
physical conditions.
 
13.3.2
Surface Mine
A
 
mine
 
plan
 
with
 
sequenced
 
mining
 
projections
 
was
 
prepared
 
for
 
each
 
logical
 
mining
 
unit.
 
The
mobile equipment spreads
 
selected are representative of
 
Coronado’s equipment fleets and
 
deemed
to be appropriate for the local mining conditions.
13.3.3
HWM
Contract HWM units
 
are available for assignment
 
to contour surface mining
 
pits in
 
the Logan County
Division.
 
HWM
 
substantially
 
increases
 
coal
 
recovery
 
from
 
contour
 
mining benches
 
and
 
is ideally
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
45
suited for coal resource
 
areas characterized
 
by thin coal seams and irregular
 
or narrow boundaries
that
 
are
 
not well-suited
 
for
 
underground
 
mining.
 
The
 
contour
 
mining bench
 
will extend
 
into
 
the
highwall to the
 
maximum overburden
 
stripping ratio that
 
is economically feasible
 
or the minimum
bench requirement for operation of the HWM unit.
 
13.4
Required Equipment and Personnel
13.4.1
Underground Mines
13.4.1.1
Powellton No. 1
The Powellton
 
No. 1
 
Mine is
 
temporarily
 
inactive.
 
It is
 
scheduled to
 
resume production
 
with one
continuous mine section
 
in the second
 
quarter of
 
2024 with an
 
additional continuous mining
 
section
coming online
 
in the fourth
 
quarter of
 
2024.
 
The Upper Powellton
 
seam is accessed
 
via a shallow
slope and crop.
 
This mine produces metallurgical coal from leased mineral.
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
and
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
two
 
production
 
sections
 
are
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
conveyor
 
belt and power
 
moves.
 
The production section
 
is configured
 
as a full
 
super section with
two continuous
 
miners.
 
Productivity is
 
planned at
 
the rate
 
of 61.0 meters
 
of advance
 
and retreat
per shift of operation.
 
A total of 116 employees are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes
 
two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four shuttle
 
cars,
and
 
two
 
scoops
 
for
 
each
 
operating
 
section.
 
Coal
 
is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the
 
production
 
face
 
with
 
the
continuous miner and hauled to the mine conveyor in shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor belt, the coal is
discharged
 
from
 
the
 
shuttle
 
cars
 
onto
 
a
 
feeder
 
breaker
 
for
 
transfer
 
onto
 
the
 
conveyor.
 
The
conveyors
 
carry
 
the
 
coal
 
to
 
the
 
outside,
 
where
 
it
 
is
 
transported
 
via
 
overland
 
conveyor
 
to
 
the
preparation plant and load-out.
 
The Powellton
 
No. 1
 
Mine is
 
temporarily an
 
inactive facility;
 
however,
 
all necessary
 
infrastructure
and utilities
 
remain in
 
place.
 
All necessary
 
permits have
 
been obtained.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
for site
 
closure and
 
reclamation are
 
included in the
 
financial model
 
for this
 
site.
 
Expected annual
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
350,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes.
 
The
 
mine
 
is
 
scheduled
 
to
terminate during 2034.
13.4.1.2
Lower War Eagle
The Lower
 
War
 
Eagle Mine
 
is active
 
with two
 
production
 
sections.
 
The Lower
 
War
 
Eagle seam
 
is
accessed
 
via
 
an
 
existing
 
slope.
 
This
 
mine
 
is
 
a
 
metallurgical
 
coal
 
operation
 
with
 
all
 
remaining
production on leased mineral property.
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
and
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
three
 
production
 
sections
 
are
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
46
conveyor belt and power
 
moves.
 
The sections are
 
configured as super sections
 
with two continuous
miners available
 
for production.
 
Productivity is planned at
 
the rate of
 
79.2 meters of
 
advance and
retreat per shift of operation.
 
A total of 139 employees are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes
 
two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four shuttle
 
cars,
and
 
two
 
scoops
 
for
 
each
 
operating
 
section.
 
Coal
 
is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the
 
production
 
face
 
with
 
the
continuous miner and hauled to the mine conveyor in shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor belt, the coal is
discharged
 
from
 
the
 
shuttle
 
cars
 
onto
 
a
 
feeder
 
breaker
 
for
 
transfer
 
onto
 
the
 
conveyor.
 
The
conveyors
 
carry the coal outside,
 
where it is transported
 
to the preparation
 
plant and load-out
 
via
overland conveyor.
 
The
 
Lower War
 
Eagle
 
Mine is
 
an operating
 
facility;
 
all necessary
 
infrastructure
 
and utilities
 
are in
place.
 
All
 
necessary
 
permits
 
have
 
been
 
obtained.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
site
 
closure
 
and
reclamation are included in
 
the financial model for this
 
site.
 
Expected annual production averages
approximately 479,000 marketable
 
tonnes.
 
The mine is scheduled to terminate during 2036.
 
13.4.1.3
Eagle No. 1/Toney
 
Fork #1
The Eagle
 
No. 1
 
(Toney
 
Fork #1)
 
Mine is
 
an active
 
mine in
 
the Eagle
 
(No. 2
 
Gas Lower)
 
seam with
two production sections.
 
This mine is
 
a metallurgical coal operation on
 
leased mineral property and
is accessed via drift entries from the outcrop.
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
and
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
three
 
production
 
sections
 
are
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
conveyor belt and power
 
moves.
 
Both sections are full super sections with two
 
continuous miners
per section.
 
Productivity is planned at the
 
rate of 64.0 meters
 
of advance per shift (76.2 meters
 
of
retreat) for the super sections.
 
A total of 137 employees are assigned to the mine.
The principal production equipment
 
per section includes two
 
continuous miners, two
 
roof bolters,
four shuttle
 
cars, and two
 
scoops.
 
Coal is extracted
 
from the production
 
face with the
 
continuous
miner and hauled to the mine conveyor in shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor belt, the coal is discharged
onto a feeder breaker
 
for transfer onto
 
the conveyor.
 
The conveyors carry the coal outside, where
it is stacked on the ground to await truck transport
 
to the preparation plant and load-out.
The Eagle
 
No. 1
 
Mine is an
 
operating facility;
 
all necessary
 
infrastructure
 
and utilities
 
are in
 
place.
 
All
 
necessary
 
permits
 
have
 
been
 
obtained;
 
the
 
underground
 
footprint
 
area
 
expansion
 
is pending
final
 
approval.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
mine closure
 
and site
 
reclamation
 
are
 
included in
 
the
financial model.
Expected annual production averages approximately
 
517,000 marketable tonnes.
The mine is scheduled to terminate during 2045.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
47
13.4.1.4
Muddy Bridge
The
 
Muddy
 
Bridge
 
Mine
 
is
 
an
 
active
 
mine
 
in
 
the
 
Eagle
 
(No.
 
2
 
Gas
 
Lower)
 
seam.
 
This
 
mine
 
is
 
a
metallurgical
 
coal operation
 
on leased
 
mineral
 
property and
 
is accessed
 
via drift
 
entries from
 
the
outcrop.
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
two
 
production
 
sections
 
are
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
The
 
sections
 
are
 
configured
 
as
 
full
 
super
 
sections
 
with
 
two
continuous miners
 
available for
 
production on each
 
section.
 
Productivity is planned
 
at the rate
 
of
76.2 meters of advance and retreat per shift of operation.
 
A total of 115 employees are assigned
 
to
the mine.
Principal production equipment includes
 
two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four shuttle
 
cars,
and
 
two
 
scoops
 
for
 
each
 
operating
 
section.
 
Coal
 
is
 
extracted
 
from
 
the
 
production
 
face
 
with
 
the
continuous miner and hauled to
 
the mine conveyor
 
via shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor
 
belt, the coal
is
 
discharged
 
from
 
the
 
haulage
 
units
 
onto
 
a
 
feeder
 
breaker
 
for
 
transfer
 
onto
 
the
 
conveyor.
 
The
conveyors
 
carry the coal to
 
the outside, where it
 
is stacked
 
on the ground to
 
await truck transport
to the Lower War Eagle mine for placement onto
 
the overland conveyor leading to the preparation
plant and load-out.
The Muddy Bridge Mine
 
is an operating facility; all
 
necessary infrastructure and utilities are
 
in place.
 
All necessary permits have
 
been obtained.
 
Coal mining permits are routinely
 
obtained.
 
Estimated
expenditures for mine closure and site reclamation are
 
included in the financial model.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
603,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
 
state
production levels.
The mine is scheduled to terminate during 2028.
13.4.1.5
Elklick Chilton
The proposed
 
Elklick Chilton
 
Mine is
 
scheduled to
 
begin production
 
in 2029.
 
The Chilton
 
seam is
accessed via drift
 
entry.
 
The seam is
 
above drainage.
 
This mine is
 
projected to
 
be a metallurgical
coal operation on leased mineral property.
 
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
one
 
production
 
section
 
is
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
The
 
sections
 
are
 
configured
 
as
 
full
 
super
 
sections
 
with
 
two
continuous miners
 
available for
 
production on each
 
section.
 
Productivity is planned
 
at the rate
 
of
73.2 meters
 
of advance
 
(109.8 meters
 
of retreat)
 
per shift
 
of operation.
 
A total
 
of 70
 
employees
are assigned to the mine.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
48
Principal production equipment includes
 
two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four shuttle
 
cars,
and two scoops.
 
Coal is extracted from
 
the production face with the
 
continuous miner and hauled
to the mine conveyor via shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor belt, the coal is discharged from the haulage
units onto
 
a feeder
 
breaker
 
for transfer
 
onto the
 
conveyor.
 
The conveyors
 
carry the coal
 
outside,
where it is stacked on the ground to await
 
truck transport to the preparation plant and load-out.
 
The Elklick Chilton
 
mine is
 
a permitted mine
 
with surface infrastructure in
 
place.
 
The proposed mine
is located in an area
 
with a long
 
history of coal mining,
 
with numerous permitted operations in close
proximity.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures
 
for
 
mine
 
closure
 
and
 
site
 
reclamation
 
are
 
included
 
in
 
the
financial model.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
301,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
 
state
production levels.
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2029 and terminate during 2041.
13.4.1.6
Camp Branch Chilton
The
 
Camp
 
Branch
 
Chilton
 
Mine
 
is
 
proposed
 
mine
 
in
 
the
 
Chilton
 
seam
 
which
 
is
 
accessed
 
via
 
drift
entry from
 
the outcrop
 
and is scheduled
 
to begin production
 
in 2029.
 
This mine is
 
a metallurgical
coal operation on leased mineral property.
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
one
 
production
 
section
 
is
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
The
 
sections
 
are
 
configured
 
as
 
full
 
super
 
sections
 
with
 
two
continuous miners
 
available for
 
production on each
 
section.
 
Productivity is planned
 
at the rate
 
of
73.2 meters
 
of advance
 
(109.8 meters
 
of retreat)
 
per shift
 
of operation.
 
A total
 
of 70
 
employees
are assigned to the mine.
Principal production equipment includes
 
two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four shuttle
 
cars,
and two scoops.
 
Coal is extracted from
 
the production face with the
 
continuous miner and hauled
to the mine conveyor via shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor belt, the coal is discharged from the haulage
units onto
 
a feeder
 
breaker
 
for transfer
 
onto the
 
conveyor.
 
The conveyors
 
carry the coal
 
outside,
where it is stacked on the ground to await
 
truck transport to the preparation plant
 
and load-out.
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
starting
 
date
 
for
 
the
 
Camp
 
Branch
 
Chilton
 
Mine,
 
no
 
detailed
 
design
 
of
infrastructure or surface facilities has been completed to date.
 
The proposed mine is located in the
Appalachian Basin, which has an extensive history (>100 years)
 
of coal mining.
 
There is a sufficient
population
 
base
 
within
 
commuting
 
distance
 
of
 
the
 
proposed
 
operation;
 
no
 
Camp
 
or
 
Town
construction will
 
be required.
 
Estimated mine
 
access and utility
 
capital expenditures
 
are included
in the financial model for the mine.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
49
The proposed Camp Branch
 
Chilton Mine has an existing
 
permit.
 
Estimated expenditures
 
for mine
closure and site reclamation are included in the financial model.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
321,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
 
state
production levels.
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2029 and terminate during 2033.
13.4.1.7
Winifrede
The active Winifrede (North
 
Fork) Mine is located in
 
the Upper Winifrede seam and is
 
accessed via
drift along the outcrop.
 
This mine is a metallurgical coal operation on leased mineral property.
 
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
one
 
production
 
section
 
is
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
conveyor belt
 
and power moves.
 
The section is configured as
 
a super section with two continuous
miners per section
 
available for
 
production.
 
Productivity is planned at
 
38.1 meters to
 
45.1 meters
of advance (53.4
 
meters to
 
63.1 meters of
 
retreat) per
 
shift.
 
A total of
 
47 employees are
 
assigned
to the mine.
Principal production equipment per section includes two continuous miners,
 
two roof bolters, four
shuttle cars, and one
 
scoop.
 
Coal is extracted from
 
the production face with the continuous
 
miner
and hauled to the
 
mine conveyor
 
in shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor
 
belt, the coal is discharged
 
from
the shuttle cars onto a feeder breaker for transfer
 
onto the conveyor.
 
The conveyors carry the coal
outside,
 
where
 
it is
 
stacked
 
on
 
the
 
ground
 
to
 
await
 
truck
 
transport
 
to
 
the
 
preparation
 
plant
 
and
load-out.
The active Winifrede Mine at
 
North Fork is permitted.
 
Estimated expenditures for mine closure and
site reclamation are included in the financial model.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
190,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
 
state
levels.
 
The mine is scheduled to terminate during 2023.
13.4.1.8
Lower Powellton
The
 
proposed
 
Lower
 
Powellton
 
Mine
 
is
 
scheduled
 
to
 
begin
 
production
 
in
 
2033.
 
The
 
Lower
Powellton
 
seam is accessed
 
via a proposed
 
drift along the
 
outcrop.
 
This mine is
 
projected to
 
be a
metallurgical coal operation on leased mineral
 
property.
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
two
 
production
 
sections
 
are
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
50
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
Both
 
sections
 
are
 
configured
 
as
 
a
 
super
 
section
 
with
 
two
continuous miners
 
per section
 
available for
 
production.
 
Productivity is
 
planned at
 
73.2 meters
 
of
advance per
 
shift (85.4
 
meters
 
of retreat
 
per shift).
 
A total
 
of 123
 
employees are
 
assigned to
 
the
mine during steady state production.
Principal production equipment per section includes two continuous miners,
 
two roof bolters, four
shuttle cars, and
 
one scoop.
 
Coal is extracted from
 
the production face with the continuous
 
miner
and hauled to the
 
mine conveyor
 
in shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor
 
belt, the coal is discharged
 
from
the shuttle cars onto a feeder breaker for transfer
 
onto the conveyor.
 
The conveyors carry the coal
outside,
 
where
 
it is
 
stacked
 
on
 
the
 
ground
 
to
 
await
 
truck
 
transport
 
to
 
the
 
preparation
 
plant
 
and
load-out.
 
The truck haul cost is estimated to be $1.99 per tonne.
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
starting
 
date
 
for
 
the
 
Lower
 
Powellton
 
Mine,
 
no
 
detailed
 
design
 
of
infrastructure or surface facilities has been completed to date.
 
The proposed mine is located in the
Appalachian Basin, which has an extensive history (>100 years)
 
of coal mining.
 
There is a sufficient
population
 
base
 
within
 
commuting
 
distance
 
of
 
the
 
proposed
 
operation;
 
no
 
Camp
 
or
 
Town
construction will
 
be required.
 
Estimated mine
 
access and utility
 
capital expenditures
 
are included
in the financial model for the mine.
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
start-up
 
date
 
of
 
the
 
Lower
 
Powellton
 
Mine,
 
no
 
permit
 
work
 
has
 
been
completed to date.
 
The proposed mine is located in an area with a
 
long history of coal mining, with
numerous
 
permitted
 
operations
 
in
 
close
 
proximity.
 
Coal
 
mining
 
permits
 
are
 
routinely
 
obtained.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures for
 
mine closure
 
and site
 
reclamation
 
are included
 
in the
 
financial model
for each mine or plant site.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
501,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
 
state
levels.
 
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2033 and terminate during 2044.
13.4.1.9
Upper Winifrede
The proposed
 
Upper Winifrede
 
Mine is
 
scheduled to
 
begin production
 
in 2037.
 
The Upper
 
Winifrede
seam is accessed via
 
a proposed drift along
 
the outcrop.
 
This mine is
 
projected to be a metallurgical
coal operation on leased mineral property.
Production
 
is
 
scheduled
 
for
 
approximately
 
265
 
days
 
each
 
year,
 
which
 
represents
 
production
 
on
Monday
 
through
 
Friday
 
plus
 
every
 
other
 
Saturday.
 
On
 
each
 
day,
 
one
 
production
 
section
 
is
scheduled
 
to
 
produce
 
coal
 
on
 
two
 
shifts;
 
the
 
third
 
shift
 
is
 
reserved
 
for
 
maintenance
 
and
 
mine
conveyor
 
belt
 
and
 
power
 
moves.
 
The
 
sections
 
are
 
configured
 
as
 
full
 
super
 
sections
 
with
 
two
continuous miners
 
available for
 
production on each
 
section.
 
Productivity is planned
 
at the rate
 
of
73.2 meters of advance per shift of operation.
 
A total of 70 employees are assigned to the mine.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
51
Principal production equipment includes
 
two continuous miners, two roof bolters, four shuttle
 
cars,
and two scoops.
 
Coal is extracted from
 
the production face with the
 
continuous miner and hauled
to the mine
 
conveyor in
 
shuttle cars.
 
At the conveyor
 
belt, the coal
 
is discharged from
 
the shuttle
cars
 
onto
 
a feeder
 
breaker
 
for transfer
 
onto the
 
conveyor.
 
The conveyors
 
carry the
 
coal outside,
where it
 
is stacked
 
on the
 
ground to
 
await truck
 
transport to
 
the preparation
 
plant and
 
load-out.
 
The truck haul cost is estimated to be $4.03 per tonne.
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
starting
 
date
 
for
 
the
 
Upper
 
Winifrede
 
Mine,
 
no
 
detailed
 
design
 
of
infrastructure or surface facilities has been completed to date.
 
The proposed mine is located in the
Appalachian Basin, which has an extensive history (>100 years)
 
of coal mining.
 
There is a sufficient
population
 
base
 
within
 
commuting
 
distance
 
of
 
the
 
proposed
 
operation;
 
no
 
Camp
 
or
 
Town
construction will
 
be required.
 
Estimated mine
 
access and utility
 
capital expenditures
 
are included
in the financial model for the mine.
Due
 
to
 
the
 
projected
 
start-up
 
date
 
of
 
the
 
Upper
 
Winifrede
 
Mine,
 
no
 
permit
 
work
 
has
 
been
completed to date.
 
The proposed mine is located in an area with a
 
long history of coal mining, with
numerous
 
permitted
 
operations
 
in
 
close
 
proximity.
 
Coal
 
mining
 
permits
 
are
 
routinely
 
obtained.
 
Estimated
 
expenditures for
 
mine closure
 
and site
 
reclamation
 
are included
 
in the
 
financial model
for each mine or plant site.
Expected
 
annual
 
production
 
averages
 
approximately
 
413,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
 
state
levels.
 
The mine is scheduled to begin production in 2037 and terminate during 2041.
At
 
the
 
underground
 
mines,
 
ventilation
 
fans
 
are
 
installed
 
to
 
provide
 
a
 
sufficient
 
volume
 
of
 
air
 
to
ventilate
 
production
 
sections,
 
coal
 
haulage
 
and
 
transport
 
entries,
 
battery
 
charging
 
stations,
 
and
transformers in accordance with approved plans.
 
High-voltage cables deliver power throughout
 
the
mine
 
where
 
transformers
 
reduce
 
voltage
 
for
 
specific
 
equipment
 
requirements.
 
The
 
Mine
Improvement
 
and
 
New
 
Emergency
 
Response
 
Act
 
of
 
2006
 
(
MINER
 
Act
)
 
requires
 
that
 
carbon
monoxide
 
detection
 
systems
 
be installed
 
along mine
 
conveyor
 
belts
 
and that
 
electronic
 
two-way
tracking
 
and
 
communications
 
systems
 
be
 
installed
 
throughout
 
underground
 
mines.
 
Water
 
is
required
 
to
 
control
 
dust
 
at
 
production
 
sections
 
and
 
along
 
conveyor
 
belts,
 
and
 
to
 
cool
 
electric
motors.
 
Water
 
is available
 
from nearby
 
sources and
 
is distributed
 
within the mine
 
by pipelines as
required.
13.4.2
Surface Mines and Highwall Miners
Three surface resource areas were modeled.
 
Mining operations are projected to utilize area
 
mining
as well as contour mining (
CTR
) methods with an emphasis on creating highwall for highwall mining
activity.
 
The projected operations will
 
employ two existing
 
front-end loaders capable
 
of a
 
combined
production rate
 
of approximately
 
8,900 bcm/hr with
 
supplemental assistance
 
of 6 dozers
 
that can
generate an additional 700 bcm/hr providing their spoil placement does not interfere with planned
highwall
 
mining
 
activity.
 
The
 
older,
 
higher-hour
 
front
 
end
 
loader
 
will
 
be replaced
 
in
 
early
 
2023
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
52
with
 
a
 
higher
 
production
 
hydraulic
 
excavator
 
that
 
will
 
increase
 
the
 
capability
 
of
 
the
 
loading
machines to
 
11,300 bcm/hr.
 
The dozers
 
will continue
 
supplementing the loading
 
production on
 
a
periodic basis as described previously.
 
The potential production level of combined machines is not
projected to be achieved until 2024 and not
 
consistently until 2027 due to lack of sufficient working
areas.
 
Sufficient reserves allow mining to continue to the year 2055.
The models assume
 
that the operations
 
will work two,
 
10-hour production shifts,
 
5 days per
 
week
plus every
 
other Saturday,
 
with sufficient
 
staffing
 
to float
 
vacation
 
during the
 
year.
 
A total
 
of 82
employees are assumed for the surface mines at full production.
It
 
is
 
assumed
 
that
 
most
 
of
 
the
 
spoil
 
movement
 
goes
 
through
 
a
 
shovel
 
or
 
loader
 
bucket
 
and
 
is
eventually returned to the pit for final
 
reclamation.
 
The dozer’s primary responsibility is cutting the
initial benches for the drill and shaping the reclaimed contour highwall.
 
All highwall
 
mining is assumed
 
to be performed
 
by a contractor.
 
The contractor
 
is responsible for
staffing those operations along with providing
 
necessary equipment capital.
Spoil for
 
final highwall
 
reclamation is
 
expected to
 
come from
 
strategic
 
placement of
 
spoil on
 
pre-
existing benches by
 
haul trucks
 
such that
 
they are within
 
the push
 
distance of the
 
reclamation dozer.
 
13.4.2.1
Toney
 
Fork
Toney
 
Fork surface mining operations are projected to be mined from 2028 to 2055, with emphasis
placed on preparing space
 
for HWM operations.
 
Expected production for
 
the operations averages
approximately 232,000 marketable
 
tonnes.
The
 
Toney
 
Fork
 
HWM
 
operates
 
from
 
2028
 
to
 
2056
 
and
 
mines
 
an
 
additional
 
172,000
 
marketable
tonnes at steady state levels.
13.4.2.2
Buffalo Creek South
The Buffalo Creek South surface and/or HWM mining operations are projected to operate between
2023 and
 
2055, with
 
emphasis placed
 
on preparing
 
space for
 
HWM operations.
 
Expected surface
production
 
for
 
the
 
operations
 
totals
 
approximately
 
246,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
 
state
levels.
 
The
 
Buffalo
 
Creek
 
HWM
 
mines
 
an
 
additional
 
212,000
 
marketable
 
tonnes
 
at
 
steady
 
state
levels.
13.4.2.3
Sugar Camp
Sugar
 
Camp
 
surface
 
mining
 
operations
 
are
 
projected
 
to
 
be
 
mined
 
from
 
2028
 
to
 
2055.
 
Expected
production for the operations average
 
approximately 180,000 marketable
 
tonnes.
 
The
 
Sugar
 
Camp
 
HWM
 
operates
 
from
 
2028
 
to
 
2056
 
and
 
mines
 
an
 
additional
 
46,000
 
marketable
tonnes.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
53
As shown in
Tables 13-1 through 13-3
, the areas
 
planned for underground production continue
 
until
2045,
 
whereas
 
surface
 
and
 
auger/HWM
 
production
 
is
 
projected
 
to
 
finish
 
in
 
2056.
 
Clean
 
coal
production varies directly
 
with coal thickness
 
in the
 
case of the
 
underground mines, and
 
overburden
removal for the surface mines.
Table 13-1:
 
Underground Summary of Production by Year (000)
Mine Name
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
Camp Br Chilton
0
0
0
0
0
0
321
355
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
561
566
545
571
536
609
613
477
Elk Lick Chilton
0
0
0
0
0
0
202
249
Lower Powellton
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Lower War Eagle
398
472
452
446
444
493
509
482
Powellton No. 1
0
135
359
378
374
438
432
436
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
605
598
618
592
520
714
0
0
Upper Winifrede
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
219
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
1,783
1,770
1,974
1,988
1,874
2,254
2,077
1,999
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
54
Mine Name
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
Camp Br Chilton
348
283
300
0
0
0
0
0
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
468
482
466
470
456
556
407
545
Elk Lick Chilton
262
280
291
299
241
294
336
355
Lower Powellton
0
0
33
245
492
510
499
511
Lower War Eagle
545
561
490
462
468
322
0
0
Powellton No. 1
315
210
204
347
0
0
0
0
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Upper Winifrede
0
0
0
0
0
0
493
505
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
1,938
1,817
1,784
1,823
1,657
1,682
1,736
1,916
Mine Name
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
Camp Br Chilton
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
551
524
478
482
510
506
427
0
Elk Lick Chilton
320
328
351
0
0
0
0
0
Lower Powellton
509
513
495
569
666
52
0
0
Lower War Eagle
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Powellton No. 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Upper Winifrede
347
307
142
0
0
0
0
0
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
1,726
1,672
1,466
1,051
1,177
558
427
0
Table 13-2:
 
Surface Summary of Production by Year (000)
Mine Name
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
Toney Fork Surf
0
0
0
0
0
234
234
232
Buffalo Cr South Area
298
458
521
509
526
207
207
205
Sugar Camp Area 1
0
0
0
0
0
181
181
180
 
Total
298
458
521
509
526
622
622
618
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
Toney Fork Surf
231
231
231
231
233
233
231
232
Buffalo Cr South Area
205
204
205
205
206
206
205
205
Sugar Camp Area 1
179
179
179
179
181
181
179
180
 
Total
616
613
616
616
620
620
616
618
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
Toney Fork Surf
233
234
232
231
229
232
231
233
Buffalo Cr South Area
206
207
205
205
203
205
205
206
Sugar Camp Area 1
181
181
180
179
177
180
179
181
 
Total
620
622
618
616
609
618
616
620
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
Toney Fork Surf
233
232
232
233
234
233
231
229
Buffalo Cr South Area
206
205
205
206
207
206
205
203
Sugar Camp Area 1
181
180
180
181
181
181
179
177
 
Total
620
618
618
620
622
620
616
609
Mine Name
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
Toney Fork Surf
66
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Buffalo Cr South Area
130
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sugar Camp Area 1
51
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
247
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
55
Table 13-3:
 
Highwall Summary of Production by Year (000)
Mine Name
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
Toney Fork HWM
0
0
0
0
0
173
173
172
Buffalo Cr South HWM
134
215
234
117
124
219
219
217
Sugar Camp HWM
0
0
0
0
0
46
46
46
 
Total
134
215
234
117
124
438
438
435
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
Toney Fork HWM
171
171
171
171
173
173
171
172
Buffalo Cr South HWM
216
216
216
216
218
218
216
217
Sugar Camp HWM
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
 
Total
433
432
433
433
437
437
433
435
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
Toney Fork HWM
173
173
172
171
169
172
171
173
Buffalo Cr South HWM
218
219
217
216
214
217
216
218
Sugar Camp HWM
46
46
46
46
45
46
46
46
 
Total
437
438
435
433
428
435
433
437
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
Toney Fork HWM
173
172
172
173
173
173
171
169
Buffalo Cr South HWM
218
217
217
218
219
218
216
214
Sugar Camp HWM
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
45
 
Total
437
435
435
437
438
437
433
428
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mine Name
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
Toney Fork HWM
170
111
0
0
0
0
0
0
Buffalo Cr South HWM
215
101
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sugar Camp HWM
45
30
0
0
0
0
0
0
 
Total
430
242
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
Processing and Recovery Methods
14.1
Description or Flowsheet
The Logan
 
County Division
 
includes the
 
Saunders Preparation
 
Plant in
 
addition to
 
the mines.
 
The
plant site includes raw coal storage, clean coal storage, a railroad loadout, and refuse disposal area.
 
The
 
plant has
 
a feed
 
rate
 
capacity
 
of 1,088
 
raw
 
tonnes
 
per hour.
 
Primary separation
 
equipment
includes
 
a
 
heavy
 
media
 
vessel,
 
heavy
 
media
 
cyclones,
 
classifying cyclones,
 
spirals,
 
flotation
 
cells,
and
 
column
 
flotation,
 
supported
 
by
 
the
 
requisite
 
screens,
 
centrifuges,
 
vacuum
 
filters,
 
sumps,
pumps,
 
and
 
distribution
 
systems.
 
Coarse
 
and
 
fine
 
refuse
 
are
 
disposed
 
separately
 
in
 
an
 
adjacent
refuse area which incorporates slurry cells.
Processes and
 
equipment are
 
typical of
 
those used in
 
the coal
 
industry and are
 
in use in
 
nearly all
plants in the Central Appalachian Basin.
 
14.2
Requirements for Energy,
 
Water,
 
Material and Personnel
Personnel
 
have
 
historically
 
been
 
sourced
 
from
 
the
 
surrounding
 
communities
 
in
 
Logan,
 
Boone,
Wyoming,
 
and Mingo
 
counties, and
 
have
 
proven
 
to be
 
adequate in
 
numbers
 
to operate
 
past and
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
56
current mines.
 
As mining is
 
common in
 
the surrounding
 
areas, the
 
workforce
 
is generally
 
familiar
with mining practices and is comprised of a strong talent pool of experienced miners.
Water
 
is sourced
 
locally from
 
Buffalo Creek
 
Public Service
 
District and/or
 
locally from
 
streams via
water
 
withdrawal
 
permits, and
 
electricity
 
is sourced
 
from
 
AEP.
 
The
 
service industry
 
in the
 
areas
surrounding the
 
mine complex
 
has historically provided
 
supplies, equipment
 
repairs and fabrication,
etc.
 
15
Infrastructure
The
 
Coronado-owned
 
Saunders
 
Preparation
 
Plant
 
services the
 
mines.
 
The
 
ROM
 
coal
 
is delivered
from
 
the
 
Lower
 
War
 
Eagle
 
Mine
 
via
 
overland
 
conveyor,
 
all
 
remaining
 
production
 
is
 
or
 
will
 
be
delivered to the plant site by truck.
The CSX rail line serves as the main means of transport from the mine complex/loadout.
As an active operation, the necessary support infrastructure for
 
Logan is in place.
As new areas
 
are developed, the
 
infrastructure requirements will change.
 
These changes have
 
been
considered in the LOM plans and financial model.
Most of the
 
seams lie below
 
drainage; however, several metallurgical coal seams are situated above
drainage.
 
The
 
underground
 
mining
 
resource
 
areas
 
which
 
are
 
located
 
above-drainage
 
require
 
an
access road
 
and mine
 
access development
 
along the
 
outcrop, whereas
 
below-drainage
 
mines are
accessed based on other
 
proposed surface infrastructure locations and/or surface property control.
 
In some cases, the
 
access and face-up
 
may be developed as
 
part of surface
 
mining activities.
 
A mine
transformer
 
and water tank
 
are located
 
at the face-up,
 
along with the mine
 
fan, stacker
 
conveyor,
supply facilities, shop, office, and bath house.
The
 
surface
 
mining
 
mobile
 
equipment
 
spreads
 
advance
 
the
 
contour
 
and
 
area
 
mining
 
pits
 
while
systematically reclaiming the trailing side of pits where coal has
 
been removed.
 
The coal haul roads
are extended and
 
maintained as
 
the pits
 
advance.
 
Support facilities are
 
maintained nearby
 
but away
from the active mining, and include storage areas for blasting
 
agents, fuel and lubricants, and mine
supplies along with maintenance facilities and offices.
The HWM equipment advances along with the contour mining pits.
 
The rate of advance of contour
mining is
 
somewhat constrained by
 
the advancement rate
 
of the
 
HWM.
 
A diesel-powered generator
trails
 
the
 
highwall
 
miner
 
and
 
powers
 
the
 
continuous
 
mining
 
unit.
 
Other
 
support
 
facilities
 
are
provided along with the contour mining support facilities.
 
A map of the existing facilities in
Figure 15-1
 
shows the layout of the required infrastructure.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
ex963p66i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
57
Figure 15-1:
 
Logan Surface Facilities
16
Market Studies
16.1
Market Description
The quality
 
characteristics for
 
the subject
 
coal resources
 
and coal
 
reserves have
 
been reviewed
 
in
detail by MM&A.
 
The drill hole data was utilized to develop average
 
coal quality characteristics for
the
 
mining
 
site.
 
These
 
average
 
coal
 
quality
 
characteristics
 
were
 
then
 
utilized
 
as
 
the
 
basis
 
for
determining the various markets into which the saleable coal will likely
 
be placed.
 
The projected quality specifications for the Logan products
 
are as shown in
Table 16-1
.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
58
Table 16-1:
 
Quality Specifications by Product
 
HVA
HVB
Thermal
(A/R)
Moisture (%)
7.50
8.00
7.50
Ash (%)
7.50
8.00
12.50
Sulfur (%)
0.90
0.95
1.00
Volatile Matter (%)
32.5
37.0
36.0
Btu/lb.
N/A
N/A
12,300
Fluidity (ddpm)
30,000
25,000
N/A
MMR (%)
1.04
0.93
N/A
CSR
62
58
N/A
FSI
8.00
8.00
N/A
Note:
 
All Specs are dry basis except Moisture and Thermal
The mine production serves both the high-volatile metallurgical and thermal markets.
16.2
Price Forecasts
Coronado provided
 
MM&A with
 
price forecasts
 
for its
 
active operations.
 
Customer coal
 
pricing is
derived
 
from
 
market
 
observed
 
forward
 
estimates
 
based
 
on
 
global economic
 
supply
 
and
 
demand
analysis
 
which
 
is
 
applied
 
to
 
mine
 
plan
 
sales
 
volumes
 
and
 
product
 
mix
 
and
 
is
 
supplemented
 
with
Coronado’s in-house knowledge of applicable rail transportation charges, ocean
 
freight charges and
port charges.
 
MM&A utilized this data for price forecasting
 
in financial modeling.
 
Concurrent with
aforementioned-quality
 
parameters
 
in
 
the
 
preceding
 
section,
 
production
 
from
 
the
 
proposed
operations
 
is
 
assumed
 
to
 
be
 
primarily
 
sold
 
in
 
metallurgical
 
markets
 
with
 
limited
 
thermal
 
sales.
 
Pricing was provided through calendar year 2056.
 
Coal price forecasts
 
for the Logan products
 
were provided by
 
Coronado for various
 
coal markets in
terms of US nominal dollars per metric tonne.
 
16.3
Contract Requirements
Some
 
contracts
 
are
 
necessary
 
for
 
successful
 
marketing
 
of
 
the
 
coal.
 
For
 
Logan,
 
since
 
all
 
mining,
preparation and marketing is done in-house, the remaining
 
contracts required are:
>
Transportation
 
– The Mine contracts with the CSX Railroad to transport the coal to either the
domestic customers or to the Pier 9 and Dominion terminals at Norfolk, Virginia
 
for overseas
shipment.
>
Sales
– Sales contracts are a mix of spot and contract sales.
 
With the volatility of the market,
long-term contracts are not typically written.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
59
17
Environmental Studies, Permitting and Plans,
Negotiations or Agreements with Local Individuals
17.1
Results of Studies
MM&A completed a Limited Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (
ESA
) on the Logan Property in
May 2017
 
on behalf of
 
Coronado.
 
Coronado reports
 
not having
 
conducted such
 
a study
 
since the
MM&A
 
studies.
 
The
 
ESA
 
completed
 
by
 
MM&A
 
included
 
a
 
site
 
inspection,
 
review
 
of
 
historical
records,
 
a
 
database
 
search
 
of
 
State
 
and
 
Federal
 
regulatory
 
records
 
and
 
interviews
 
to
 
identify
potential
 
recognized
 
environmental
 
conditions
 
(
RECs
)
 
that
 
may
 
create
 
environmental
 
liability
 
for
the sites.
 
MM&A concluded that no long-term liabilities existed at the time of these ESAs.
Based on these former ESAs completed by MM&A, it is the QPs’
 
opinion that Logan has a generally
typical coal industry record of compliance with
 
applicable mining, water quality, and environmental
laws.
 
Estimated costs for mine closure, including water
 
quality monitoring during site reclamation,
are included in the financial models.
17.2
Requirements and Plans for Waste
 
Disposal
The original
 
design for
 
the North
 
Fork Refuse
 
Area (
North Fork
) at
 
the Logan
 
Property projected
 
a
crest
 
to
 
elevation
 
686
 
meters.
 
The
 
present
 
elevation
 
of
 
the
 
deck
 
is
 
±685meters.
 
In
 
2018
 
MSHA
approved an expansion plan to raise
 
the cross-valley crest to
 
elevation 802 meters, and from
 
there
converting
 
to
 
a
 
sidehill
 
fill.
 
This
 
will
 
allow
 
for
 
a
 
total
 
volume
 
of
 
50
 
million
 
CM
 
which
 
would
 
be
sufficient
 
capacity for
 
all the
 
refuse generated
 
by the
 
LOM plan
 
that underpins
 
the current
 
Logan
County Division reserves.
 
Further plans for
 
the North Fork
 
site call for conversion of
 
the fill
 
to a total
cross-valley configuration, predicated
 
on completion of surface mining on the ridge between North
Fork and Middle Fork.
 
This has the potential of providing an additional 10 million CM of capacit
y.
17.3
Permit Requirements and Status
All
 
mining
 
operations
 
are
 
subject
 
to
 
federal
 
and
 
state
 
laws
 
and
 
must
 
obtain
 
permits
 
to
 
operate
mines, coal preparation and related facilities,
 
haul roads, and other incidental surface disturbances
necessary for
 
mining to
 
occur.
 
Permits
 
generally
 
require
 
that
 
the
 
permittee
 
post
 
a
 
performance
bond in
 
an amount
 
established by the
 
regulatory program to provide
 
assurance that any
 
disturbance
or liability
 
created during
 
mining operations
 
is properly
 
restored
 
to an
 
approved post-mining
 
land
use and
 
that all
 
regulations and
 
requirements
 
of the
 
permits are
 
fully satisfied
 
before
 
the bond
 
is
returned
 
to
 
the
 
permittee.
 
Significant
 
penalties
 
exist
 
for
 
any
 
permittee
 
who
 
fails
 
to
 
meet
 
the
obligations
 
of
 
the
 
permits
 
including
 
cessation
 
of
 
mining
 
operations,
 
which
 
can
 
lead
 
to
 
potential
forfeiture
 
of the
 
bond.
 
Any company,
 
and its
 
directors,
 
owners and
 
officers, which
 
are subject
 
to
bond forfeiture can be denied future permits under the program.
1
1
 
Monitored under the Applicant Violator System (AVS) by the Federal Office of Surface Mining.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
60
New permits
 
or permit
 
revisions will occasionally
 
be necessary
 
to facilitate the
 
expansion or
 
addition
of new
 
mining areas
 
on the
 
properties, such
 
as amendments
 
to existing
 
permits and
 
new permits
for mining
 
of reserve
 
areas.
 
Exploration permits
 
also are
 
required.
 
Property under
 
lease includes
provisions
 
for
 
exploration
 
among
 
the
 
terms
 
of
 
the
 
lease.
 
New
 
or
 
modified
 
mining
 
permits
 
are
subject
 
to
 
a
 
public
 
advertisement
 
process
 
and
 
comment
 
period,
 
and
 
the
 
public
 
is
 
provided
 
an
opportunity
 
to
 
raise
 
objections
 
to
 
any
 
proposed
 
mining
 
operation.
 
MM&A
 
is
 
not
 
aware
 
of
 
any
specific
 
prohibition
 
of
 
mining
 
on
 
the
 
subject
 
property
 
and
 
given
 
sufficient
 
time
 
and
 
planning,
Coronado should
 
be able
 
to secure
 
new permits
 
to maintain
 
its planned mining
 
operations within
the context of current regulations.
 
Necessary permits are in
 
place to support current production on
the properties, but future permits are required to maintain and expand
 
production.
 
Portions of the
properties
 
are
 
located
 
near local
 
communities.
 
Regulations
 
prohibit
 
mining activities
 
within 91.4
meters
 
of a
 
residential dwelling,
 
school, church,
 
or similar
 
structure unless
 
written consent
 
is first
obtained
 
from
 
the
 
owner
 
of
 
the
 
structure.
 
Where
 
required,
 
such
 
consents
 
have
 
been
 
obtained
where mining is proposed beyond the regulatory limits.
Coronado
 
has
 
obtained
 
all
 
mining
 
and
 
discharge
 
permits
 
to
 
operate
 
its
 
mines
 
and
 
processing,
loadout
 
or
 
related
 
facilities.
 
MM&A
 
is
 
unaware
 
of
 
any
 
obvious
 
or
 
current
 
Coronado
 
permitting
issues
 
that
 
are
 
expected
 
to
 
prevent
 
the
 
issuance
 
of
 
future
 
permits.
 
Logan,
 
along
 
with
 
all
 
coal
producers,
 
is subject
 
to a
 
level of
 
uncertainty regarding
 
future clean
 
water
 
permits due
 
to
United
States
 
Environmental
 
Protection
 
Agency
(
EPA
)
and
United
 
States
 
Fish
 
and
 
Wildlife
 
(
USFW
)
involvement with state
 
programs.
The Mining permits currently held by Logan are shown in
Table 17-1.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
61
Table 17-1:
 
Logan Mining Permits
Type
Permit ID
Permit Name
$ Bond
Current Status
Issued
Date
Expiration Date
Hectares
NPDES
Other
O001984
 
North Fork Refuse
1
$1,033,200
 
Renewed
4/11/1984
4/11/2024
116.03
WV0095699
Other - Loadout Only
O009283
 
Elk Lick Dock
$33,000
 
Renewed
6/10/1983
6/10/2023
13.31
WV1023071
Other
O009883
 
Saunders Prep Plant
$223,200
 
Renewed
6/24/1983
6/24/2023
36.04
WV0095699
Other - Refuse Disposal
O012383
 
Middle Fork Refuse
1
$364,800
 
Renewed
9/27/1983
9/27/2023
46.13
WV0096156
Other - Loadout Only
O500513
 
Toney Fork Loadout
 
$32,000
 
Renewed
9/11/2014
9/11/2024
12.67
WV1028081
Other - Refuse Disposal
O501108
Elklick Branch Haulroad/Refuse
1
 
$281,600
 
Renewed
11/13/2008
11/13/2023
5.83
WV1029843
Coal Surface Mine
S500417
 
North Fork Winifrede Contour Mine
 
$390,000
 
Not Started
2/13/2018
2/13/2023
50.59
WV1028430
Coal Surface Mine
S500615
 
Toney Fork A-Ridge Surface Mine
 
 
Phase 1 Released
2/24/2016
2/24/2026
15.8
WV1028278
Coal Surface Mine
S500709
 
Toney Fork Surface Mine No. 3
 
$2,625,000
 
Renewed
11/20/2013
11/20/2023
340.83
WV1019902
Coal Surface Mine
S501210
 
Toney Fork West Surface Mine
 
$1,670,000
 
Inactive
2/29/2012
2/28/2022
134.3
WV1024990
Coal Surface Mine
S501410
 
Elklick Surface Mine
 
$2,760,800
 
Inactive
8/16/2013
8/16/2023
327.47
WV1025015
Coal Surface Mine
S503395
 
TONEY FORK SURFACE #2
 
$5,605,000
 
Renewed
5/28/1998
5/28/2023
453.61
WV1016750
Coal Underground
U004485
 
Dingess Br. No. 1
$0
 
Completely Released
6/12/1985
PHII Released
4.05
WV1008340
Coal Underground
U400299
 
Paynter Branch Mine No. 1
 
$81,000
 
Renewed
4/5/2002
4/5/2027
10.01
WV1018728
Coal Underground
U500109
 
Chilton Deep Mine No. 1
 
$30,800
 
Inactive
1/31/2011
1/31/2026
5.53
WV1019821
Coal Underground
U500789
WA #1 Mine
$0
 
Completely Released
 
7/31/1990
PHII Released
0
WV0096385
Coal Underground
U500919
North Fork Winifrede Deep Mine
$12,240
 
New
3/3/2020
3/3/2025
2.21
WV1030990
Coal Underground
U501311
 
Eagle No. 1 Mine
 
$91,080
 
Not Started
5/20/2013
5/20/2023
7.19
WV1025139
Coal Underground
U502008
 
Dingess Br-Chilton Mine No. 2
 
$42,920
 
Phase 1 Released
10/10/2008
PHI Released
11.62
WV1029908
Coal Underground
U505392
 
ALMA NO. 1 MINE
 
$283,480
 
Renewed
3/3/1995
3/3/2025
39.43
WV1013408
Coal Underground
U506686
Camp Branch Deep Mine
$96,200
 
Renewed
1/26/1987
1/26/1997
26.24
WV0093122
Coal Surface Mine
S500615
 
Toney Fork A-Ridge Surface Mine
 
$80,000
 
Phase 1 Released
2/24/2016
2/24/2026
15.8
WV1028278
Coal Underground
U501015
 
CB Chilton #1 Mine
 
$10,600
 
Not Started
12/28/2016
12/28/2026
1.68
WV1028316
Coal Underground
U503496
Muddy Bridge Branch #1
$35,280
 
Renewed
8/4/1997
8/4/2022
5.46
WV1016954
Coal Underground
U503596
Muddy Bridge Branch #2
$65,520
 
Renewed
8/4/1997
8/4/2022
10.35
WV1016954
River Dock
810-8037
Big Sandy Dock
$210,700
 
In-Active
7/10/1986
7/10/2021
2.99
KYG040724
Coal Surface Mine
S500422
Middle Fork Surface Mine
?
Pending
Pending
Pending
81.73
WV1031198
Coal Surface Mine
S500822
Elklick Contour Surface mine
?
Pending
Pending
Pending
182.45
WV1031228
Notes:
 
 
1.
 
Permits containing refuse placement.
 
2.
 
Does not include prospect permits.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
62
17.4
Local Plans, Negotiations or Agreements
MM&A found no indication of agreements beyond the scope of Federal
 
or State Regulations.
17.5
Mine Closure Plans
Applicable
 
regulations
 
require
 
that
 
mines
 
be
 
properly
 
closed,
 
and
 
reclamation
 
commenced
immediately
 
upon
 
abandonment.
 
In
 
general,
 
site
 
reclamation
 
includes
 
removal
 
of
 
structures,
backfilling, regrading,
 
and revegetation
 
of disturbed
 
areas.
 
For surface
 
mines, the
 
majority of the
expense for
 
backfilling and regrading
 
is completed as part
 
of ongoing mining operations,
 
with only
reclamation
 
of
 
final
 
pits
 
and
 
HWM
 
benches
 
required
 
at
 
end-of-mine
 
life.
 
Sediment
 
control
 
is
required
 
during the
 
establishment
 
of vegetation,
 
and bond
 
release generally
 
requires
 
a minimum
five-year
 
period
 
of
 
site
 
maintenance,
 
water
 
sampling,
 
and
 
sediment
 
control
 
following
 
mine
completion.
 
This requirement
 
is reduced
 
to two
 
years
 
for
 
certain operations
 
involving re
 
-mining.
 
Reclamation
 
of underground
 
mines includes
 
closure and
 
sealing of
 
mine openings
 
such as
 
portals
and shafts in addition to the items listed above.
 
Estimated
 
costs
 
for
 
mine closure,
 
including water
 
quality monitoring
 
during site
 
reclamation,
 
are
included in
 
the financial
 
models.
 
As with
 
all mining
 
companies, an
 
accretion calculation is
 
performed
annually
 
so the
 
necessary Asset
 
Retirement
 
Obligations
 
(
ARO
) can
 
be shown
 
as
 
a Liability
 
on the
Balance Sheet.
17.6
Qualified Person’s Opinion
The Logan complex
 
is an operating
 
facility; all necessary permits
 
for current
 
production have
 
been
obtained.
 
The QPs
 
know
 
of no reason
 
that any
 
permits revisions
 
that may
 
be required
 
cannot be
obtained.
 
Estimated expenditures for site
 
closure and reclamation are included in the financial model for this
site.
18
Capital and Operating Costs
18.1
Capital Cost Estimate
The production sequence selected for
 
a property must consider the proximity
 
of each reserve area
to
 
coal
 
preparation
 
plants,
 
river
 
docks
 
and
 
railroad
 
loading
 
points,
 
along
 
with
 
suitability
 
of
production equipment to coal seam conditions.
 
The in-place infrastructure was evaluated, and any
future needs were planned to a level suitable for a Preliminary Feasibility Study and included in the
Capital Forecast.
Coronado provided MM&A with an inventory of operating equipment available
 
at Logan.
 
MM&A’s
capital schedules
 
assume that
 
major equipment
 
rebuilds occur
 
over the
 
course of
 
each machine’s
remaining
 
assumed
 
operating
 
life.
 
Replacement
 
equipment
 
was
 
scheduled
 
based
 
on
 
MM&A’s
 
 
ex963p2i0 ex963p15i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
63
experience and knowledge
 
of mining equipment and
 
industry standards with
 
respect to the
 
useful
life of such equipment.
 
As one mine is depleted, the equipment is moved to its replacement.
A summary of the estimated capital for the Property is provided
 
in
Figure 18-1
 
below.
 
Figure 18-1:
 
CAPEX
18.2
Operating Cost Estimate
Coronado
 
provided
 
historical
 
and
 
a
 
preliminary
 
5-year
 
projection
 
of operating
 
costs
 
for
 
MM&A’s
review.
 
MM&A used the historical and/or budget cost information
 
as a reference and developed a
personnel
 
schedule
 
for
 
the
 
mine.
 
Hourly
 
labor
 
rates
 
and
 
salaries
 
were
 
based
 
upon
 
information
contained in Coronado’s financial summaries.
 
Fringe benefit costs were developed
 
for vacation and
holidays,
 
federal
 
and
 
state
 
unemployment
 
insurance,
 
retirement,
 
workers’
 
compensation
 
and
pneumoconiosis,
 
casualty
 
and
 
life
 
insurance,
 
healthcare
 
and
 
bonuses.
 
A
 
cost
 
factor
 
for
 
mine
supplies was developed that
 
relates expenditures
 
to mine advance rates
 
for roof
 
control costs
 
and
other
 
mine
 
supply
 
costs
 
experienced
 
at
 
underground
 
mines.
 
Other
 
factors
 
were
 
developed
 
for
maintenance and repair costs, rentals, mine power,
 
outside services and other direct mining costs.
 
Other
 
cost
 
factors
 
were
 
developed
 
for
 
coal
 
preparation
 
plant
 
processing,
 
refuse
 
handling,
 
coal
loading, property
 
taxes,
 
and insurance
 
and bonding.
 
Appropriate
 
royalty
 
rates
 
were
 
assigned for
production
 
from
 
leased coal
 
lands
 
and
 
sales taxes
 
were
 
calculated
 
for
 
state
 
severance
 
taxes,
 
the
federal black lung excise tax,
 
and federal and state reclam
 
ation fees.
Mandated Sales Related Costs such as Black Lung Excise are
 
summarized in
Table 18-1
.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
64
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
65
Table 18-1:
 
Estimated Coal Production Taxes
 
and Sales Costs
Description of Tax
 
or Sales Cost
Basis of Assessment
Cost
Federal Black Lung Excise Tax
 
- Underground
Per Tonne
$1.21
Federal Black Lung Excise Tax
 
- Surface
Per Tonne
$0.61
Federal Black Lung Excise Tax
 
- Highwall Miner
Per Tonne
$0.61
Federal Reclamation Fees – Underground
Per Tonne
$0.13
Federal Reclamation Fees – Surface
Per Tonne
$0.31
Federal Reclamation Fees - Highwall Miner
Per Tonne
$0.31
West Virginia Reclamation Tax
 
- Underground
Per Tonne
$0.308
West Virginia Reclamation Tax
 
- Surface
Per Tonne
$0.308
West Virginia Reclamation Tax
 
- Highwall Miner
Per Tonne
$0.308
West Virginia Severance Tax
Percentage of Revenue
1 to 5%
Royalties – Underground
Percentage of Revenue
5 to 8.5%
Royalties – Surface
Percentage of Revenue
9%
Royalties - Highwall Miner
Percentage of Revenue
9%
Notes: 1. Federal black lung excise tax is paid only on coal sold domestically.
 
MM&A assumed 45%
of total coal sales to be domestic in the economic analysis discussed below.
A summary of the projected Operating Costs is in
Table 18-2
.
Table 18-2:
 
Logan Operating Costs
 
 
YE 12/31
YE 12/31
YE 12/31
YE 12/31
YE 12/31
YE 12/31
YE 12/31
YE 12/31
Remaining
 
Total
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
LOM Average
ROM Production
Tonnes
140.8
5.3
6.0
7.2
7.1
7.3
7.1
6.8
6.9
3.4
Yield
50.15%
41.78%
40.92%
37.67%
36.89%
34.67%
46.77%
46.43%
44.46%
55.70%
Saleable
Production
Tonnes
70.6
2.2
2.4
2.7
2.6
2.5
3.3
3.1
3.1
1.9
Thermal Tonnes
4.79
0.09
0.14
0.16
0.15
0.16
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.14
Domestic Met
Tonnes
65.84
2.13
2.31
2.57
2.46
2.37
3.16
2.99
2.90
1.73
Export Met
Tonnes
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 
Total Saleable
Tonnes
70.63
2.22
2.44
2.73
2.61
2.52
3.31
3.14
3.05
1.9
Cash Costs per
Tonne:
Mining Costs
$83.08
$73.59
$71.70
$73.57
$75.45
$80.17
$65.86
$73.71
$77.65
$87.30
Processing and
Transport
$20.11
$20.58
$19.71
$19.53
$20.03
$21.76
$17.49
$17.61
$18.65
$20.49
Sales Related
Costs
$16.97
$14.47
$13.29
$13.39
$12.93
$14.12
$14.54
$15.27
$15.61
$18.20
G&A
$3.21
$3.69
$3.22
$2.97
$3.10
$3.21
$3.21
$3.21
$3.21
$3.21
 
Total Cash Costs
$123.37
$112.33
$107.92
$109.46
$111.51
$119.26
$101.09
$109.79
$115.12
$129.19
* The Financial model includes 0.001 million tonnes of inferred coal production.
 
Inferred coal represents 0.000001% of the total
production, and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
19
Economic Analysis
19.1
Assumptions, Parameters and Methods
A pre-feasibility LOM plan
 
was prepared by
 
MM&A for the
 
Logan operations.
 
MM&A prepared mine
projections and production timing forecasts
 
based on coal seam characteristics.
 
Production timing
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
66
was carried
 
out from
 
2023 to
 
depletion (exhaustion)
 
of the
 
coal reserve
 
areas, which
 
is projected
for the year 2056.
 
All costs and prices are based on 2022 nominal United States dollars.
The Mine
 
plan, productivity
 
expectations and cost
 
estimates generally reflect
 
historical performance
by
 
Coronado
 
and
 
efforts
 
have
 
been
 
made
 
to
 
adjust
 
plans
 
and
 
costs
 
to
 
reflect
 
future
 
conditions.
 
MM&A is confident
 
that the mine
 
plan and
 
financial model
 
are reasonably representative to provide
an accurate estimation of coal reserves.
Capital
 
schedules were
 
developed by
 
MM&A for
 
mine development,
 
infrastructure,
 
and on-going
capital
 
requirements
 
for
 
the
 
life
 
of the
 
mine.
 
Staffing
 
levels
 
were
 
prepared,
 
and operating
 
costs
estimated
 
by
 
MM&A.
 
MM&A
 
utilized
 
historical
 
cost
 
data
 
provided
 
by
 
Coronado
 
and
 
its
 
own
knowledge and experience to estimate direct and indirect operating
 
costs.
 
The
 
preliminary
 
feasibility
 
financial
 
model,
 
prepared
 
for
 
this
 
TRS,
 
was
 
developed
 
to
 
test
 
the
economic viability of
 
the coal reserve
 
area.
 
The results of
 
this financial model
 
are not intended
 
to
represent
 
a
 
bankable
 
feasibility
 
study,
 
required
 
for
 
financing
 
of
 
any
 
current
 
or
 
future
 
mining
operations,
 
but
 
are
 
intended
 
to
 
prove
 
the
 
economic
 
viability
 
of the
 
estimated
 
coal
 
reserves.
 
All
costs and prices are based on 2022 nominal United States dollars assuming a 2% inflation rate.
On an unlevered basis, the NPV of the project cash flows after taxes was
 
estimated for the purpose
of
 
classifying
 
coal
 
reserves.
 
The
 
project
 
cash
 
flows,
 
excluding
 
debt
 
service,
 
are
 
calculated
 
by
subtracting direct
 
and indirect
 
operating expenses
 
and capital
 
expenditures from
 
revenue.
 
Direct
costs include labor, drilling and
 
blasting, operating supplies,
 
maintenance and repairs,
 
facilities costs
for
 
materials
 
handling,
 
coal
 
preparation,
 
refuse
 
disposal,
 
coal
 
loading,
 
sampling
 
and
 
analysis
services,
 
reclamation
 
and
 
general
 
and
 
administrative
 
costs.
 
Indirect
 
costs
 
include
 
statutory
 
and
legally
 
agreed
 
upon
 
fees
 
related
 
to
 
direct
 
extraction
 
of
 
the
 
mineral.
 
The
 
indirect
 
costs
 
are
 
the
Federal
 
black
 
lung
 
tax,
 
Federal
 
and
 
State
 
reclamation
 
taxes,
 
property
 
taxes,
 
local
 
transportation
prior to delivery at rail or barge loading sites, coal production royalties, sales and use taxes, income
taxes
 
and
 
State
 
severance
 
taxes.
 
Coronado’s
 
historical
 
costs
 
provided
 
a
 
useful
 
reference
 
for
MM&A’s
 
cost estimates.
Sales revenue is based on
 
the metallurgical coal price information provided to MM&A
 
by Coronado.
Projected
 
debt
 
service
 
is
 
excluded
 
from
 
the
 
P&L
 
and
 
cash
 
flow
 
model
 
in
 
order
 
to
 
determine
Enterprise Value.
The financial model expresses coal sales prices, operating costs, and capital expenditures in current
day
 
dollars
 
without
 
adjustment
 
for
 
inflation.
 
Capital
 
expenditures
 
and
 
reclamation
 
costs
 
are
included based
 
on engineering
 
estimates for
 
each mine
 
by year.
 
The Coronado
 
division’s
 
existing
allocations of administrative costs are
 
continued in the future projections.
Coronado will pay royalties for the various current and projected operations.
 
The royalty rates vary
by mining method and location.
 
The royalty rates for Logan are estimated to be 5 to 9%
 
of the sales
revenue.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
67
The
 
projection
 
model
 
also
 
includes
 
consolidated
 
income
 
tax
 
calculations
 
at
 
the
 
Coronado
 
level,
incorporating statutory
 
depletion calculations, as well
 
as state income
 
taxes, and a
 
federal tax rate
of
 
21%.
 
To
 
the
 
extent
 
the
 
mine
 
generates
 
net
 
operating
 
losses
 
for
 
tax
 
purposes,
 
the
 
losses
 
are
carried over to offset future taxable
 
income.
 
The terms “cash flows” and “project cash flows” used
in this report refer to after tax
 
cash flows.
Consolidated cash flows are driven
 
by annual sales
 
tonnage, which at steady-state level ranges from
a peak of 3.3 million
 
tonnes in 2028 to
 
a low of 1.0 million tonnes
 
in 2054.
 
Projected consolidated
revenue ranges from $151.9 million to $480.3 million
 
at a steady state.
 
Revenue totals $11.4 billion
for the project’s life.
Consolidated cash flow from operations is positive throughout the projected operating period, with
the
 
exception
 
of post
 
-production
 
years,
 
due to
 
end-of-mine
 
reclamation
 
spending.
 
Consolidated
cash flow from operations
 
peaks at $110.1 million in
 
2038 and totals $2.5 billion over
 
the project’s
life.
 
Capital
 
expenditures
 
total
 
$190.2
 
million
 
from
 
2023
 
through
 
2027 and
 
$1.2
 
billion
 
over
 
the
project’s life.
 
Coal price forecasts for coal
 
products were prepared by Coronado
 
for its proposed operations.
 
Such
prices
 
were
 
used
 
for
 
the
 
revenue
 
input
 
into
 
the
 
financial
 
model.
 
Sales
 
variable
 
costs
 
such
 
as
production royalties and severance
 
taxes were based upon the revenue
 
input.
19.2
Results
The
 
pre-feasibility
 
financial
 
model,
 
prepared
 
by
 
MM&A
 
for
 
this
 
TRS,
 
was
 
developed
 
to
 
test
 
the
economic viability of
 
each coal resource
 
area.
 
The results of
 
this financial model
 
are not intended
to represent
 
a bankable feasibility
 
study,
 
as may be
 
required for
 
financing of any
 
current or future
mining operations contemplated but are intended
 
to prove the economic viability of the estimated
coal reserves.
 
Optimization of the LOM plan was outside the scope of the engagement.
Figure 19-1
 
shows the annual variance of cash costs per ton.
 
Table 19-1
 
shows LOM tonnage, P&L,
and EBITDA for Logan.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ex963p77i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
68
Figure 19-1:
 
Cash Costs per Tonne
As shown
 
above, Logan’s average cash cost
 
ranges between approximately $101
 
and $147
 
per tonne
for most of the operating period.
Table 19-1:
 
Life-of-Mine Tonnage,
 
P&L before Tax,
 
and EBITDA ($000)
 
LOM
LOM
P&L
LOM
EBITDA
 
Tonnes
Pre-Tax P&L
Per Tonne
EBITDA
Per Tonne
Deep Mines
 
 
 
 
 
Camp Br Chilton
1,607
$21,157
$13.16
$51,064
$31.77
Eagle No. 1 (Toney
 
Fork)
11,806
$18,727
$1.59
$220,119
$18.65
Elk Lick Chilton
3,809
$76,902
$20.19
$146,959
$38.58
Lower Powellton
5,095
$112,692
$22.12
$224,168
$44.00
Lower War Eagle
6,544
$102,095
$15.60
$227,269
$34.73
Powellton No. 1
3,629
$52,199
$14.38
$122,643
$33.80
Muddy Br No.2 Gas
3,647
$166,946
$45.77
$212,139
$58.16
Upper Winifrede
1,794
$61,150
$34.09
$95,271
$53.12
Winifrede (Chilton Rider)
219
$9,021
$41.19
$12,795
$58.42
Consolidated Deep Mines
38,150
$620,890
$16.27
$1,312,426
$34.40
Surface Mines
Toney Fork Surf
6,338
$106,288
$16.77
$245,407
$38.72
Buffalo Cr South Area
7,990
$27,941
$3.50
$203,185
$25.43
Sugar Camp Area 1
4,911
$(100,944)
$(20.55)
$48,015
$9.78
Surface Mines Consolidated
19,239
$33,285
$1.73
$496,606
$25.81
HWM Operations
Toney Fork HWM
4,919
$330,409
$67.17
$361,920
$73.57
Buffalo Cr South HWM
7,004
$434,033
$61.97
$474,395
$67.73
Sugar Camp HWM
1,314
$82,843
$63.05
$91,260
$69.45
HWM Consolidated
13,237
$847,285
$64.01
$927,575
$70.07
Grand Total
70,626
$1,501,460
$21.26
$2,736,607
$38.75
* The Financial model includes 0.001 million tonnes of inferred coal production.
 
Inferred coal represents
0.000001% of the total production, and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
As
 
shown
 
in
Table
 
19-1,
 
the
 
Logan
 
Complex
 
shows
 
positive
 
EBITDA
 
over
 
the
 
LOM.
 
Overall,
Coronado’s
 
consolidated
 
operations
 
show positive
 
LOM
 
P&L and
 
LOM
 
EBITDA of
 
$1.5 billion
 
and
 
 
ex963p78i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
69
$2.7 billion,
 
respectively.
 
A summary
 
of the
 
key
 
financial performance
 
metrics projected
 
through
2030 is provided below in
Table 19-2
.
Table 19-2:
 
Summary of Logan Key Financial Performance Metrics (2023-2030)
 
 
YE
12/31
YE
12/31
YE
12/31
YE
12/31
YE
12/31
YE
12/31
YE
12/31
YE
12/31
Remaining
 
Total
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
LOM Average
ROM Production Tonnes
140.8
5.3
6.0
7.2
7.1
7.3
7.1
6.8
6.9
3.4
Yield
50.15%
41.78%
40.92%
37.67%
36.89%
34.67%
46.77%
46.43%
44.46%
55.70%
Saleable Production
Tonnes
70.6
2.2
2.4
2.7
2.6
2.5
3.3
3.1
3.1
1.9
Thermal Tonnes
4.79
0.09
0.14
0.16
0.15
0.16
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.14
Domestic Met Tonnes
65.84
2.13
2.31
2.57
2.46
2.37
3.16
2.99
2.90
1.73
Export Met Tonnes
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 
Total Saleable Tonnes
70.63
2.22
2.44
2.73
2.61
2.52
3.31
3.14
3.05
1.9
Cash Costs per Tonne:
Mining Costs
$83.08
$73.59
$71.70
$73.57
$75.45
$80.17
$65.86
$73.71
$77.65
$87.30
Processing and Transport
$20.11
$20.58
$19.71
$19.53
$20.03
$21.76
$17.49
$17.61
$18.65
$20.49
Sales Related Costs
$16.97
$14.47
$13.29
$13.39
$12.93
$14.12
$14.54
$15.27
$15.61
$18.20
G&A
$3.21
$3.69
$3.22
$2.97
$3.10
$3.21
$3.21
$3.21
$3.21
$3.21
 
Total Cash Costs
$123.37
$112.33
$107.92
$109.46
$111.51
$119.26
$101.09
$109.79
$115.12
$129.19
EBITDA per Tonne
$38.75
$69.72
$32.66
$24.91
$24.85
$19.38
$40.61
$30.85
$28.39
$41.21
Expansion CapEx ($M)
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Maintenance CapEx ($M)
$1,212.8
$64.5
$46.2
$35.1
$24.7
$19.5
$54.7
$76.7
$30.9
$33.1
 
Total CapEx
$1,212.8
$64.5
$46.2
$35.1
$24.7
$19.5
$54.7
$76.7
$30.9
$33.1
* The Financial model includes 0.001 million tonnes of inferred coal production.
 
Inferred coal represents 0.000001% of the total
production, and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
After Tax
 
Cash Flows
 
were
 
developed in
 
order to
 
calculate
 
the NPV
 
for
 
this Property.
 
The NPV
 
is
estimated to be $366.6 million
 
at a discount rate
 
of 10.0%.
 
A summary of the Logan after
 
-tax cash
flow is shown in
Table 19-3
.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for
 
the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
70
Table 19-3:
 
Project Cash Flow Summary ($000)
*
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
Total
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Production & Sales tonnes
70,626
2,215
2,444
2,730
2,614
2,524
Total Revenue
$11,449,478
$403,255
$343,593
$366,750
$356,408
$349,974
EBITDA
$2,736,607
$154,435
$79,831
$67,982
$64,942
$48,930
Net Income
$1,271,269
$93,455
$33,975
$22,180
$21,044
$7,422
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$2,455,780
$98,886
$84,666
$64,481
$60,927
$49,298
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(1,212,814)
$(64,541)
$(46,249)
$(35,126)
$(24,721)
$(19,540)
Net Cash Flow
$1,242,966
$34,345
$38,417
$29,354
$36,206
$29,758
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
Production & Sales tonnes
3,315
3,138
3,052
2,987
2,862
2,833
Total Revenue
$469,730
$441,352
$437,982
$436,621
$425,513
$428,277
EBITDA
$134,632
$96,812
$86,647
$88,298
$85,099
$81,695
Net Income
$76,870
$40,290
$35,152
$37,612
$33,266
$22,374
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$102,420
$94,319
$82,136
$80,835
$79,110
$77,163
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(54,676)
$(76,748)
$(30,875)
$(25,919)
$(58,356)
$(77,043)
Net Cash Flow
$47,743
$17,571
$51,261
$54,916
$20,754
$119
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
Production & Sales tonnes
2,872
2,714
2,739
2,785
2,969
2,783
Total Revenue
$445,485
$422,500
$431,983
$440,845
$480,253
$458,789
EBITDA
$108,745
$74,857
$97,015
$103,374
$125,905
$107,907
Net Income
$53,277
$22,619
$43,055
$45,843
$62,109
$46,564
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$92,575
$73,923
$84,785
$93,567
$110,105
$102,650
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(60,090)
$(30,525)
$(49,809)
$(65,949)
$(56,676)
$(42,223)
Net Cash Flow
$32,485
$43,398
$34,975
$27,618
$53,429
$60,427
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
Production & Sales tonnes
2,733
2,519
2,100
2,214
1,611
1,476
Total Revenue
$459,598
$431,586
$365,532
$393,908
$289,596
$269,978
EBITDA
$104,671
$94,788
$81,444
$105,980
$58,696
$83,754
Net Income
$47,235
$41,064
$39,833
$60,889
$23,010
$51,731
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$96,543
$88,891
$75,724
$90,314
$63,837
$71,484
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(29,343)
$(33,901)
$(27,895)
$(23,194)
$(29,298)
$(22,073)
Net Cash Flow
$67,200
$54,990
$47,828
$67,120
$34,540
$49,411
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
Production & Sales tonnes
1,057
1,057
1,053
1,053
1,057
1,061
Total Revenue
$194,175
$198,147
$201,437
$205,554
$210,544
$215,652
EBITDA
$52,251
$53,459
$54,370
$59,571
$58,316
$59,618
Net Income
$28,842
$28,388
$27,184
$31,758
$28,651
$30,020
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$52,854
$48,225
$49,193
$53,061
$49,045
$52,351
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(18,702)
$(21,272)
$(25,945)
$(30,072)
$(22,359)
$(22,221)
Net Cash Flow
$34,152
$26,953
$23,248
$22,990
$26,686
$30,131
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
Production & Sales tonnes
1,057
1,049
1,037
677
242
-
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ex963p80i1
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
71
Total Revenue
$219,229
$222,017
$223,966
$151,873
$57,377
$-
EBITDA
$71,599
$60,514
$60,792
$48,780
$20,900
$-
Net Income
$45,345
$29,161
$30,508
$22,011
$9,180
$(339)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$60,653
$56,148
$54,570
$47,692
$20,671
$(3,597)
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$(24,540)
$(27,137)
$(12,933)
$(11,318)
$(11,544)
$-
Net Cash Flow
$36,113
$29,011
$41,637
$36,374
$9,127
$(3,597)
 
 
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
YE12/31
 
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
Production & Sales tonnes
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total Revenue
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
EBITDA
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Net Income
$(174)
$(89)
$(46)
$(0)
$(0)
$(0)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$(1,835)
$(936)
$(954)
$-
$-
$-
Purchases of Property, Plant, and
 
Equipment
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
$-
Net Cash Flow
$(1,835)
$(936)
$(954)
$-
$-
$-
* The Financial model includes 0.001 million tonnes of inferred coal production.
 
Inferred coal represents 0.000001% of the total
production, and none of this coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
19.3
Sensitivity
Sensitivity
 
of the
 
NPV
 
results
 
to
 
changes
 
in
 
the
 
key
 
drivers
 
is presented
 
in the
 
chart below.
 
The
sensitivity study shows
 
the NPV at
 
the 10.0% discount
 
rate when
 
Base Case sales prices, operating
costs, and capital costs are increased and decreased in increments
 
of 5% within a +/- 15% range.
Figure 19-2:
 
Sensitivity of NPV
As shown, NPV is quite sensitive to changes in sales price and operating cost estimates, and slightly
sensitive to changes in capital cost estimates.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
72
20
Adjacent Properties
20.1
Information Used
No Proprietary information associated with neighboring properties was
 
used as part of this study.
21
Other Relevant Data and Information
MM&A performed
 
a previous
 
audit of
 
all the
 
Properties in
 
year 2017
 
for
 
Coronado
 
based on
 
SEC
Industry
 
Guide 7
 
standards.
 
In addition,
 
MM&A completed
 
a Limited
 
Phase I
 
Environmental
 
Site
Assessment
 
(
ESA
)
 
on
 
the
 
Property
 
in
 
2017
 
on
 
behalf
 
of
 
Coronado.
 
MM&A
 
has
 
subsequently
conducted Joint Ore Reserve Committee (
JORC
) compliant resource and reserve assessments of the
Logan County
 
assets as of:
 
(1) December 31,
 
2017, (2) December
 
31, 2020, and
 
(3) December 31,
2021.
 
By
 
assignment,
 
the
 
JORC
 
assessment
 
included
 
a
 
preliminary
 
feasibility
 
level
 
study
 
of
 
the
subject coal reserves, encompassing detailed
 
mine planning and cost analysis through
 
depletion of
Logan’s
 
JORC-compliant coal
 
reserves.
 
MM&A utilized these
 
former preliminary
 
feasibility studies
as the basis of an updated study which meets those standards set forth by the SEC.
22
Interpretation and Conclusions
22.1
Conclusion
Sufficient data
 
has been obtained
 
through various
 
exploration and
 
sampling programs
 
and mining
operations
 
to
 
support
 
the
 
geological
 
interpretations
 
of
 
seam
 
structure
 
and
 
thickness
 
for
 
coal
horizons
 
situated
 
on the
 
Property.
 
The data
 
is of
 
sufficient
 
quantity
 
and reliability
 
to
 
reasonably
support the coal resource and coal reserve estimates in this TRS.
The
 
geological
 
data
 
and
 
preliminary
 
feasibility
 
study,
 
which
 
consider
 
mining
 
plans,
 
revenue,
 
and
operating
 
and
 
capital
 
cost
 
estimates
 
are
 
sufficient
 
to
 
support
 
the
 
classification
 
of
 
coal
 
reserves
provided herein.
This geologic evaluation conducted in conjunction with the preliminary feasibility study is sufficient
to
 
conclude
 
that
 
the
 
70.6
 
Mt
 
of
 
marketable
 
coal
 
reserves
 
identified
 
on
 
the
 
Property
 
are
economically
 
mineable
 
under
 
reasonable
 
expectations
 
of
 
market
 
prices
 
for
 
metallurgical
 
coal
products, estimated operation costs,
 
and capital expenditures.
22.2
Risk Factors
Risks have
 
been identified
 
for
 
operational,
 
technical and
 
administrative
 
subjects addressed
 
in the
Pre-Feasibility
 
Study.
 
A risk
 
matrix has
 
been constructed
 
to present
 
the risk
 
levels for
 
all the
 
risk
factors identified and quantified in
 
the risk assessment process.
 
The risk matrix and
 
risk assessment
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
73
process
 
are
 
modelled
 
to
 
that
 
presented
 
in
 
the
 
Australian
 
and
 
New
 
Zealand
 
Standard
 
on
 
Risk
Management (AS/NZS 4360).
 
The
 
purpose
 
of
 
the
 
characterization
 
of
 
the
 
project
 
risk
 
components
 
is
 
to
 
inform
 
the
 
project
stakeholders
 
of
 
key
 
aspects
 
of
 
the
 
Coronado
 
projects
 
that
 
can
 
be
 
impacted
 
by
 
events
 
whose
consequences can affect
 
the success of the venture.
 
The significance of an impacted
 
aspect of the
operation
 
is
 
directly
 
related
 
to
 
both
 
the
 
probability
 
of
 
occurrence
 
and
 
the
 
severity
 
of
 
the
consequences.
 
The initial risk for
 
a risk factor
 
is herein defined
 
as the risk level
 
after the potential
impact
 
of
 
the
 
risk
 
factor
 
is
 
addressed
 
by
 
competent
 
and
 
prudent
 
management
 
utilizing
 
control
measures readily available.
 
Residual risk for a risk factor is herein defined as the risk
 
level following
application
 
of
 
special
 
mitigation
 
measures
 
if
 
management
 
determines
 
that
 
the
 
initial
 
risk
 
level
 
is
unacceptable.
 
Initial risk and residual risk can be quantified numerically,
 
derived by the product of
values assigned to probability and consequence ranging from very low risk to very high risk.
 
The probability and consequence
 
parameters are subjective numerical estimates made
 
by practiced
mine engineers and
 
managers.
 
Both are
 
assigned values
 
from 1 to
 
5 for which
 
the value
 
1 represents
the
 
lowest
 
probability
 
and least
 
consequence,
 
and the
 
value
 
5 represents
 
the highest
 
probability
and greatest consequence.
 
The products which define the Risk Level are classified
 
from very low to
very high.
 
Risk Level Table
 
(R = P x C)
Risk Level (R)
Very Low (1 to 2)
Low (3 to 5)
Moderate (6 to 11)
High (12 to 19)
Very High (20 to 25)
Risk aspects
 
identified and
 
evaluated
 
during this
 
assignment total
 
13.
 
No residual
 
risks are
 
rated
Very High.
 
One (1) residual risk is rated
 
High.
 
Eight (8) of the risk aspects could be associated
 
with
Moderate residual risk.
 
Four (4) of the risk aspects were attributed Low or Very
 
Low residual risks.
 
22.2.1
Governing Assumptions
The listing of the aspects is
 
not presumed to be exhaustive.
 
Instead that listing is
 
presented based
on the experiences of the contributors to the TRS.
 
1.
The probability and consequence ratings are subjectively assigned, and it is assumed that
this subjectivity reasonably reflects the condition of the active and projected mine
operations.
2.
The Control Measures shown in the matrices presented in this chapter
 
are not exhaustive.
 
They represent a condensed collection of activities that the author of the risk assessment
section has observed to be effective in coal mining scenarios.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
74
3.
Mitigation Measures listed for each
 
risk factor of the operation are not exhaustive.
 
The
measures listed, however,
 
have been observed by the author to be effective.
 
4.
The monetary values used in ranking the consequences are generally-accepted quantities
 
for
the coal mining industry.
22.2.2
Limitations
The risk assessment proposed in
 
this report is subject to
 
the limitations of the information currently
collected, tested, and interpreted
 
at the time of the writing of the report.
22.2.3
Methodology
The
 
numerical
 
quantities
 
(i.e.,
 
risk
 
levels)
 
attributable
 
to
 
either
 
“initial”
 
or
 
“residual”
 
risks
 
are
derived
 
by the
 
product
 
of values
 
assigned to
 
probability
 
and consequence
 
ranging
 
from
 
very low
risk to very high risk.
R = P x C
Where:
R = Risk Level
P = Probability of Occurrence
C = Consequence of Occurrence
The Probability (P) and
 
Consequence (C) parameters recited in the
 
formula are subjective numerical
estimates
 
made
 
by
 
practiced
 
mine
 
engineers
 
and
 
managers.
 
Both
 
P
 
and
 
C
 
are
 
assigned
 
integer
values
 
ranging
 
from
 
1
 
to
 
5
 
for
 
which
 
the
 
value
 
1
 
represents
 
the
 
lowest
 
probability
 
and
 
least
consequence,
 
and the
 
value 5
 
represents
 
the highest
 
probability
 
and greatest
 
consequence.
 
The
products (R = P x C) which define the Risk Level, are
 
thereafter classified from very low to very high.
Risk Level Table
Risk Level (R)
Very Low (1 to 2)
Low (3 to 5)
Moderate (6 to 11)
High (12 to 19)
Very High (20 to 25)
Very
 
high
 
initial
 
risks
 
are
 
considered
 
to
 
be
 
unacceptable
 
and
 
require
 
corrective
 
action
 
well
 
in
advance of project
 
development.
 
In short,
 
measures must be
 
applied to reduce
 
very high initial
 
risks
to a tolerable level.
 
As
 
shown
 
and
 
discussed
 
above,
 
after
 
taking
 
into
 
account
 
the
 
operational,
 
technical,
 
and
administrative actions that have been
 
applied or
 
are available for action
 
when required, the
 
residual
risk can be determined.
 
The residual risk provides
 
a basis for the
 
management team to
 
determine
if the residual risk
 
level is acceptable or tolerable.
 
If the risk level
 
is determined to be unacceptable,
further actions should be considered to reduce the residual risk to acceptable or tolerable
 
levels to
provide justification for continuation
 
of the proposed operation.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
75
22.2.4
Development of the Risk Matrix
Risks have
 
been identified for
 
the technical,
 
operational, and
 
administrative
 
subjects addressed
 
in
the
 
TRS.
 
The
 
risk
 
matrix
 
and
 
risk
 
assessment
 
process
 
are
 
modelled
 
to
 
that
 
presented
 
in
 
the
Australian and New Zealand Standard on Risk Management (AS/NZS 4360).
 
22.2.4.1
Probability Level Table
Table 22-1:
 
Probability Level Table
Category
Probability Level (P)
1
Remote
Not likely to occur except
 
in exceptional circumstances.
<10%
2
Unlikely
Not likely to occur; small in degree.
10 - 30%
3
Possible
Capable of occurring.
30 - 60%
4
Likely
High chance of occurring in most circumstances.
60 - 90%
5
Almost Certain
Event is expected under
 
most circumstances; impossible to
avoid.
>90%
The lowest rated probability of occurrence is assigned the value of 1 and described as remote, with
a
 
likelihood
 
of
 
occurrence
 
of
 
less
 
than
 
2
 
percent.
 
Increasing
 
values
 
are
 
assigned
 
to
 
each
 
higher
probability
 
of occurrence,
 
culminating
 
with the
 
value
 
of 5
 
assigned to
 
incidents considered
 
to
 
be
almost certain to occur.
22.2.4.2
Consequence Level Table
Table 22-2
 
lists the consequence levels.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
76
Table 22-2:
 
Consequence Level Table
Correlation of Events in Key Elements of the Project Program
 
to Event Severity Category
Category
Severity of
the Event
Financial Impact
of the Event
Unplanned
Loss of
Production
(Impact on
Commercial
Operations)
Events Impacting
on the Environment
Events Affecting the Program's
Social and Community
Relations
Resultant Regulatory /
Sovereign Risk
Events Affecting Occupational Health &
Safety
1
Insignificant
< USD $0.5
million
≤ 12 hours
Insignificant loss of
habitat; no
irreversible effects
on water,
 
soil and
the environment.
Occasional nuisance impact on
travel.
-
 
Event recurrence avoided by corrective
action through established procedures
(Engineering, guarding, training).
2
Minor
USD $0.5 million
to $2.0 million
≤ 1 day
No significant
change to species
populations; short-
term reversible
perturbation to
ecosystem function.
Persistent nuisance impact on
travel.
 
Transient adverse media
coverage.
-
 
First aid – lost time.
 
Event recurrence
avoided by corrective action through
established procedures.
3
Moderate
USD $2.0 million
to $10.0 million
≤ 1 week
Appreciable change
to species
population;
medium-term (≤10
years) detriment to
ecosystem function.
Measurable impact on travel
and water/air quality.
 
Significant adverse media
coverage / transient public
outrage.
Uncertainty securing or
retaining essential
approval / license.
Medical Treatment –
permanent
incapacitation.
 
Avoiding event
recurrence requires modification to
established corrective action procedures
.
Change to regulations
(tax; bonds; standards).
4
Major
USD $10.0
million to $50.0
million
1 to 2 weeks
Change to species
population
threatening
viability; long-term
(>10 years)
detriment to
ecosystem function.
Long-term, serious impact on
travel and use of water
resources; degradation of air
quality; sustained and effective
public opposition.
Suspension / long-delay
in securing essential
approval / license.
Fatality.
 
Avoiding event recurrence
requires modification to established
corrective action procedures and staff
retraining.
Change to laws (tax;
bonds; standards).
5
Critical
>USD $50.0
million
>1 month
Species extinction;
irreversible damage
to ecosystem
function.
Loss of social license.
Withdraw / failure to
secure essential
approval / license.
Multiple fatalities.
 
Avoiding event
recurrence requires major overhaul of
policies and procedures.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
77
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
78
The
 
lowest
 
rated
 
consequence
 
is
 
assigned
 
the
 
value
 
of
 
1
 
and
 
is
 
described
 
as
 
Insignificant
Consequence
 
parameters
 
of
 
which
 
include
 
non-reportable
 
safety
 
incidents
 
with
 
zero
 
days
 
lost
accidents, no environmental damage, loss of production or systems for less
 
than one week and cost
of
 
less
 
than
 
USD
 
$0.5
 
million.
 
Increasing
 
values
 
are
 
assigned
 
to
 
each
 
higher
 
consequence,
culminating with the value of
 
5 assigned to critical consequences, the
 
parameters of which include
multiple-fatality
 
accidents,
 
major
 
environmental
 
damage,
 
and
 
loss
 
of
 
production
 
or
 
systems
 
for
longer than one month and cost of greater than USD $50.0 million.
Composite Risk Matrix R = P x C and Color-Code Convention
The risk level, defined as the
 
product of probability of occurrence and consequence, ranges in
 
value
from
 
1 (lowest
 
possible risk)
 
to
 
25 (maximum
 
risk level).
 
The
 
values
 
are color-coded
 
to facilitate
identification of the highest risk aspects.
Table 22-3:
 
Risk Matrix
P x C = R
Consequence (C)
Insignificant
Minor
Moderate
Major
Critical
1
2
3
4
5
Probability Level (P)
Remote
1
1
2
3
4
5
Unlikely
2
2
4
6
8
10
Possible
3
3
6
9
12
15
Likely
4
4
8
12
16
20
Almost
Certain
5
5
10
15
20
25
22.2.5
Categorization of Risk Levels and Color Code Convention
Very
 
high
 
risks
 
are
 
considered
 
to
 
be
 
unacceptable
 
and
 
require
 
corrective
 
action.
 
Risk
 
reduction
measures must be applied to reduce very high risks to a tolerable level.
22.2.6
Description of the Coal Property
The Logan Mine Complex (
Logan
) is located in Logan, Boone, and Wyoming Counties, West
 
Virginia
–is an
 
active operation
 
with four
 
underground
 
mines and
 
one surface
 
mine.
 
Active underground
operations within the Logan Mine Complex all utilize continuous mining production sections.
 
Large
mining operations are conducted
 
at the
 
Muddy Bridge, Eagle
 
No. 1
 
Mine and Lower
 
War Eagle Mine.
 
Coronado
 
also operates
 
a single
 
section active
 
underground
 
room-and-pillar section
 
in the
 
North
Fork
 
Winifrede
 
Mine.
 
Other
 
operations
 
are
 
projected
 
on
 
relatively
 
small
 
reserve
 
blocks
 
to
 
be
developed
 
sequentially
 
to
 
sustain
 
production
 
levels
 
as
 
each
 
reserve
 
is
 
depleted.
 
The
 
method
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
79
provides continuity,
 
preserving skilled work groups
 
and enabling effective
 
utilization of production
equipment.
 
Mines located
 
above drainage
 
have access
 
via drift
 
entries.
 
A few
 
of the
 
coal seams
are below drainage and are accessed with slopes and shafts or box cuts.
The Logan
 
Mine Complex
 
also includes
 
one active
 
surface mine
 
(Toney
 
Fork) and
 
one idle
 
surface
mine (Elklick).
 
Both area and contour
 
surface mining are employed.
 
Highwall mining is conducted
by contract
 
operators.
 
The
 
surface
 
operations
 
are
 
relatively
 
small and
 
developed
 
sequentially to
sustain production
 
levels.
 
Similar to the
 
underground operations,
 
the method provides
 
continuity
while
 
preserving
 
skilled
 
work
 
groups
 
and
 
enabling
 
effective
 
utilization
 
of
 
production
 
equipment.
 
The surface mining methods selected utilize hydraulic shovels, front-end loaders, large tractors and
rock trucks for overburden removal.
22.2.7
Summary of Residual Risk Ratings
Each
 
risk factor
 
is numbered,
 
and
 
a
 
risk level
 
for
 
each
 
is determined
 
by
 
multiplying
 
the
 
assigned
probability by
 
the assigned
 
consequence.
 
The risk
 
levels are
 
plotted
 
on a
 
risk matrix
 
to provide
 
a
composite
 
view
 
of
 
the
 
Coronado
 
risk
 
profile.
 
The
 
average
 
risk
 
level
 
is
 
7.7,
 
which
 
is
 
defined
 
as
Moderate.
Table 22-4:
 
Risk Assessment Matrix
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consequence
Critical
>$50 MM
8, 9
 
 
 
 
 
Major
$10-50MM
 
 
 
6
 
 
Moderate
$2-10 MM
12
1, 2, 3, 4
 
 
 
Minor
$0.5-$2 MM
 
 
13
5, 10
7
 
Low
<$0.5 MM
 
 
11
 
 
 
 
<10%
10-30%
30-60%
60-90%
>90%
 
Remote
Unlikely
Possible
Likely
Almost
Certain
22.2.8
Risk Factors
A
 
high-level
 
approach
 
is
 
utilized
 
to
 
characterize
 
risk
 
factors
 
that
 
are
 
generally
 
similar
 
across
 
a
number of
 
the active
 
and proposed
 
mining operations.
 
Risk factors
 
that
 
are
 
unique to
 
a specific
operation or are particularly noteworthy are
 
addressed individually.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
80
22.2.8.1
Geological and Coal Resource
Coal
 
mining
 
is
 
accompanied
 
by
 
risk
 
that,
 
despite
 
exploration
 
efforts,
 
mining
 
areas
 
will
 
be
encountered
 
where geological
 
conditions render
 
extraction
 
of the
 
resource to
 
be uneconomic,
 
or
that coal quality characteristics disqualify the product for sale into
 
target markets.
Offsetting the geological and
 
coal resource risk
 
are the massive
 
size of the
 
controlled property which
allows large areas to be mined sufficiently away from
 
areas where coal quality and mineability may
be
 
less
 
favorable.
 
In
 
addition,
 
several
 
mines
 
are
 
designed
 
to
 
operate
 
with
 
multiple
 
production
sections, which lessens
 
the immediate
 
impact when one section
 
encounters difficulties.
 
The large
reserve areas also provide
 
a mitigation strategy
 
of developing an additional (spare) section
 
at each
mine,
 
or
 
additional
 
mines,
 
which
 
can
 
be
 
activated
 
when
 
adverse
 
conditions
 
are
 
encountered,
thereby
 
maintaining
 
consistent
 
production
 
and
 
quality.
 
The
 
spare
 
section
 
or
 
mines
 
require
additional mine extension cost but increase flexibility and performance consistency.
The
 
larger
 
reserve
 
areas
 
will
 
be
 
developed
 
with
 
multiple
 
production
 
sections
 
and
 
the
 
small,
replacement production reserve areas
 
provide ready access
 
to alternative locations if
 
geological and
coal resource characteristics require
 
abandonment of an active production area.
Table 22-5:
 
Geological and Coal Resource Risk Assessment (Risks 1 and 2)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Recoverable coal tonnes
recognized to be
significantly less than
previously estimated.
Reserve base is adequate to
serve market commitments
and respond to opportunities
for many years.
 
Local
adverse conditions may
increase frequency and cost
of production unit relocations.
Previous and ongoing
exploration and extensive
regional mining history
provide a high level of
confidence of coal seam
correlation, continuity of the
coal seams, and coal
resource tonnes.
4
4
16
Optimize mine plan
to increase resource
recovery; develop
mine plan to provide
readily available
alternate mining
locations to sustain
expected production
level.
3
3
9
Coal quality locally
proves to be lower than
initially projected.
If uncontrolled, production and
sale of coal that is out of
specification can result in
rejection of deliveries,
cancellation of coal sales
agreements and damage to
reputation.
Exploration and vast
experience and history in
local coal seams provide
confidence in coal quality;
limited excursions can be
managed with careful
product segregation and
blending.
3
5
15
Develop mine plan
to provide readily
available alternate
mining locations to
sustain expected
production level;
modify coal sales
agreements to
reflect coal quality.
3
3
9
22.2.8.2
Environmental
MM&A
 
completed
 
a
 
Limited
 
Phase
 
I
 
Environmental
 
Site
 
Assessment
 
(
ESA
)
 
on
 
the
 
Logan
 
County
Property in May 2017
 
on behalf of
 
Coronado.
 
MM&A concluded that
 
no long-term liabilities
 
existed
at the time of this ESA.
Water
 
quality and
 
other permit
 
requirements
 
are subject
 
to modification
 
and such
 
changes could
have a
 
material impact on
 
the capability of
 
the operator
 
to meet modified
 
standards or
 
to receive
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
81
new permits and modifications
 
to existing permits.
 
Permit protests
 
may result in delays
 
or denials
to permit applications.
Environmental standards and permit requirements have evolved significantly over the
 
past 50 years
and
 
to-date,
 
mining
 
operators
 
and
 
regulatory
 
bodies
 
have
 
been
 
able
 
to
 
adapt
 
successfully
 
to
evolving environmental requirements.
Table 22-6:
 
Environmental (Risks 3 and 4)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Environmental
performance standards
are modified in the future.
Delays in receiving new
permits and modifications to
existing permits; cost of
testing and treatment of water
and soils
Work with regulatory
agencies to understand
and influence final
standards; implement
testing, treatment and
other actions to comply
with new standards.
3
4
12
Modify mining and
reclamation plans to
improve compliance
with new standards
while reducing cost
of compliance.
3
3
9
New permits and permit
modifications are
increasingly delayed or
denied.
Interruption of production and
delayed implementation of
replacement production from
new mines.
Comply quickly with
testing, treatment and
other actions required;
continue excellent
compliance performance
within existing permits.
3
4
12
Establish and
maintain close and
constructive working
relationships with
regulatory agencies,
local communities
and community
action groups.
3
3
9
22.2.8.3
Regulatory Requirements
Federal
 
and
 
state
 
health
 
and
 
safety
 
regulatory
 
agencies
 
occasionally
 
amend
 
mine
 
laws
 
and
regulations.
 
The impact is
 
industry-wide.
 
Mining operators and regulatory agencies have been
 
able
to adapt successfully to evolving health and safety requirements.
Table 22-7:
 
Regulatory Requirements (Risk 5)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Federal and state mine
safety and health
regulatory agencies
amend mine laws and
regulations.
Cost of training, materials,
supplies and equipment;
modification of mine
examination and production
procedures; modification of
mining plans.
Participate in hearings and
workshops when possible
to facilitate understanding
and implementation; work
cooperatively with agencies
and employees to facilitate
implementation of new laws
and regulations.
4
3
12
Familiarity and
experience with new
laws and regulations
results in reduced
impact to operations
and productivity and
improved supplies
and equipment
options.
4
2
8
22.2.8.4
Market and Transportation
Most of the current and future production is expected to be directed to domestic and international
metallurgical markets.
 
Historically the metallurgical markets
 
have been cyclical and highly volatile.
 
Thermal
 
coal
 
markets
 
are
 
also
 
cyclical
 
and
 
domestic
 
markets
 
have
 
been
 
adversely
 
affected
 
by
competition from natural gas and subsidized
 
renewable energy sources and regulation.
 
 
ex963p2i0
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
82
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
83
Table 22-8:
 
Market and Transportation (Risk 6)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Volatile coal prices drop
precipitously.
Loss of revenue adversely
affects profitability; reduced
cash flow may disrupt capital
expenditures plan.
Cost control measures
implemented; capital
spending deferred.
4
5
20
High-cost operations
closed, and
employees
temporarily
furloughed.
4
4
16
Occasional delay or interruption of rail,
 
river and terminals service may be expected.
 
The operator
can
 
possibly
 
minimize
 
the
 
impact
 
of
 
delays
 
by
 
being
 
a
 
preferred
 
customer
 
by
 
fulfilling
 
shipment
obligations promptly and maintaining close working relation
 
ships.
Table 22-9:
 
Market and Transportation (Risk 7)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Rail or river transport is
delayed; storage and
shipping access at river
and ocean terminals is
not available.
Fulfillment of coal sales
agreements delayed; limited
coal storage at mines may
increase cost of rehandling;
production may be temporarily
idled.
Provide adequate storage
capacity at mines;
coordinate continuously
with railroad and shipping
companies to respond
quickly and effectively to
changing circumstances.
5
3
15
Provide back-up
storage facility along
with personnel,
equipment and
rehandle plan to
sustain production
and fulfill sales
obligations timely.
5
2
10
22.2.8.5
Mining Plan
Occupational health and
 
safety risks are inherent
 
in mining
 
operations.
 
Comprehensive training and
retraining
 
programs,
 
internal
 
safety
 
audits
 
and
 
examinations,
 
regular
 
mine
 
inspections,
 
safety
meetings, along
 
with support
 
of trained
 
fire brigades
 
and mine
 
rescue teams
 
are among
 
activities
that
 
greatly
 
reduce
 
accident
 
risks.
 
Employee
 
health monitoring
 
programs
 
coupled
 
with dust
 
and
noise monitoring and abatement reduce health risks to miners.
 
As
 
underground
 
and
 
surface
 
mines
 
are
 
developed
 
and
 
extended,
 
observation
 
of
 
geological,
hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions leads to modification of mine plans and procedures to
enable safe work within the mine environments.
Highlighted
 
below
 
are
 
selected
 
examples
 
of
 
safety
 
and
 
external
 
factors
 
relevant
 
to
 
Coronado
operations.
22.2.8.5.1
Methane Management
Coalbed methane is
 
present in coal
 
operations below
 
drainage.
 
Often the methane
 
concentration
in shallow coal seams is at such low levels that it can be readily managed with frequent testing
 
and
monitoring,
 
vigilance
 
and
 
routine
 
mine
 
ventilation.
 
Very
 
high
 
methane
 
concentrations
 
may
 
be
present
 
at
 
greater
 
depths.
 
High
 
methane
 
concentrations
 
may
 
require
 
degasification
 
of
 
the
 
coal
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
84
seam to assure safe mining.
 
Due to the seams being targeted and their depths, excessive
 
methane
is not expected to be encountered at Logan.
Table 22-10:
 
Methane Management (Risk 8)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Methane hazard is
present in mines
operating below
drainage.
Injury or loss of life; possible
ignition of gas and mine
explosion; potential loss of
mine and equipment
temporarily or permanently;
additional mine fan, mine
power, ventilation, monitoring
and examination
requirements.
Low to moderate levels can
be managed with frequent
examinations, testing and
monitoring within the mine
ventilation system.
 
Excellent rock dust
maintenance minimizes
explosion propagation risk
should an ignition occur.
1
5
5
Very high-level
methane
concentrations may
require coal seam
degasification and
gob degasification if
longwall or pillar
extraction methods
are employed.
1
5
5
22.2.8.5.2
Mine Fires
Mine
 
fires,
 
once
 
common
 
at
 
mine operations,
 
are
 
rare
 
today.
 
Most
 
active
 
coal
 
miners
 
have
 
not
encountered a mine
 
fire.
 
Vastly improved mine power and
 
equipment electrical systems, along
 
with
safe
 
mine
 
practices
 
reduce
 
mine
 
fire
 
risks.
 
Crew
 
training
 
and
 
fire
 
brigade
 
support
 
and
 
training
improve response for containment and
 
control if a
 
fire occurs.
 
Spontaneous combustion within coal
mines, which is the source of most fires that occur today, is not expected to commonly occur at the
Logan
 
property.
 
When spontaneous
 
combustion
 
conditions
 
are
 
present,
 
monitoring
 
systems
 
are
employed for
 
early detection
 
and mine plans
 
are designed to
 
facilitate
 
isolation, containment
 
and
rapid extinguishment.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
85
Table 22-11:
 
Mine Fires (Risk 9)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Mine fire at underground
or surface mine
operation.
Injury or loss of life; potential
loss of mine temporarily or
permanently; damage to
equipment and mine
infrastructure.
Inspection and
maintenance of mine
power, equipment and
mine infrastructure; good
housekeeping; frequent
examination of conveyor
belt entries; prompt
removal of accumulations
of combustible materials.
1
5
5
If spontaneous
combustion
conditions are
present, enhanced
monitoring and
examination
procedures will be
implemented; mine
design will
incorporate features
to facilitate isolation,
containment and
extinguishment of
 
spontaneous
combustion
locations.
1
5
5
22.2.8.5.3
Highwall Failure
Contour surface mining, area surface mining and highwall mining all expose miners and production
equipment
 
to
 
the
 
risk
 
of
 
highwall
 
failure.
 
The
 
highwall
 
can
 
be
 
designed
 
to
 
incorporate
 
safety
precautions to address geotechnical and hydrogeological concerns.
 
Drilling and blasting design can
be modified to
 
fit soil and
 
strata
 
conditions to
 
enhance highwall stability.
 
Foremen and
 
crews are
trained to examine the highwalls frequently to observe changes and indications of failure.
 
Highwall
designs incorporate adequate web thickness and safety
 
pillar width to assure highwall stability.
Table 22-12:
 
Highwall Failure (Risk 10)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Highwall failure occurs at
surface or highwall
mining operations.
Injury or loss of life;
catastrophic damage to
equipment; production
interruption.
Regular inspection for
change and signs of failure;
conservative design of
HWM web thickness and
safety pillar width;
conservative wall slope and
bench width in design.
4
3
12
Optimize drilling and
blasting plan;
increase safety
factors for wall slope
and bench width;
install
instrumentation and
frequent survey to
detect movement;
dewater to reduce
wall pressure.
4
2
8
22.2.8.5.4
Availability of Supplies and Equipment
The industry
 
has periodically
 
experienced
 
difficulty receiving
 
timely delivery
 
of mine
 
supplies and
equipment.
 
Availability
 
issues
 
often
 
accompanied
 
boom
 
periods
 
for
 
coal
 
demand.
 
Any
 
future
delivery
 
of
 
supplies
 
and
 
equipment
 
delays
 
are
 
expected
 
to
 
be
 
temporary
 
with
 
limited
 
impact
 
on
production.
 
 
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Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
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Table 22-13:
 
Availability of Supplies and Equipment (Risk 11)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Disruption of availability
for supplies and
equipment.
Temporary interruption of
production.
Force majeure provision in
coal sales agreements to
limit liability for delayed or
lost sales.
3
2
6
Work closely with
customers to assure
delayed coal
delivery rather than
cancelled sales;
monitor external
conditions and
increase inventory
of critical supplies;
accelerate delivery
of equipment when
possible.
3
1
3
22.2.8.5.5
Labor
Work
 
stoppage
 
due
 
to
 
labor
 
protests
 
are
 
considered
 
to
 
be
 
unlikely
 
and
 
accompanied
 
by
 
limited
impact
 
should
 
it
 
occur.
 
Excellent
 
employee
 
relations
 
and
 
communications
 
limit
 
the
 
exposure
 
to
outside protesters.
 
Loss of supervisors
 
and skilled
 
employees to retirement is inevitable;
 
the impact
can
 
be
 
lessened
 
with
 
succession
 
planning
 
and
 
training
 
and
 
training
 
and
 
mentorship
 
of
 
new
employees.
Table 22-14:
 
Labor – Work Stoppage (Risk 12)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation
Measures
Residual Risk Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Work stoppage due to
strikes, slowdowns or
secondary boycott
activity.
Loss of production and coal
sales; damaged customer and
employee relations; reputation
loss.
Maintain excellent
employee relations and
communications; maintain
frequent customer
communications.
2
3
6
Develop plan for
employee
communications and
legal support to
minimize impact of
secondary boycott
activities.
1
3
3
Table 22-15:
 
Labor – Retirement (Risk 13)
Aspect
Impact
Control Measures
Initial Risk Level
Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
Level
P
C
R
P
C
R
Retirement of
supervisors and skilled
employees.
Loss of leadership and
critical skills to sustain
high levels of safety,
maintenance and
productivity.
Monitor demographics
closely and maintain
communications with
employees who are
approaching retirement age;
maintain employee selection
and training programs.
3
3
9
Maintain selection of
candidates and
implementation of in-
house or third-party
training for electricians
and mechanics; develop
employee mentoring
program.
3
2
6
 
 
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Coronado Global Resources Inc.
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves for the
 
Logan County Complex in Accordance with
 
the JORC Code and United States SEC Regulation S-K 1300 as of
December 31, 2022
 
Central Appalachian Coal Basin
West Virginia, USA
 
M
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23
Recommendations
Coronado is
 
continuing to
 
work both
 
internally and
 
with outside
 
assistance to
 
further define
 
their
Resource Base and to Optimize the LOM Plan.
24
References
Publicly available information from various
 
State and Federal agencies was used where relevant.
25
Reliance on Information Provided by the Registrant
A summary of
 
the information provided by Coronado relied upon
 
by MM&A for the purposes
 
of this
TRS is provided in
Table 25-1
.
Table 25-1:
 
Information from Registrant Relied Upon by MM&A
 
Category
Information Provided by Coronado
Report
Section
Marketing
Long-term price forecast used
 
in financial projections
16.2
 
Legal
Mineral control and surface
 
control rights as shown on maps
3.2, 3.3
Environmental
Permit and bonding information
17.3
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APPENDIX
A
MM&A QUALIFICATIONS
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APPENDIX
B
MAPS
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APPENDIX
C
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
 
 
 
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Appendix C
 
 
 
 
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Glossary of Abbreviations and Definitions
Abbreviation
Definition
AIPG
American Institute of Professional Geologists
ARMPS
Analysis of Retreat Mining Pillar Stability
ASTM
ASTM International
AVS
Applicant Violator System
bcm
Bank cubic meters
Btu/lb.
British Thermal Unit per pound
CAT
®
Caterpillar Inc.
C.P.G.
Certified Professional Geologist
Carlson
Carlson Mining – formerly SurvCADD
®
 
– a prevalent software package used for
modeling in the Appalachian region
CFR
Code of Federal Regulations
Coronado
Coronado Global Resources Inc.
CSR
Codes of State Rules
 
CSX
CSX Corporation, a rail-based freight transportation
 
company
CTR
Contour mining
Demonstrated
reserves
Demonstrated reserves are the sum of proven
 
and probable reserves.
DEP
Department of Environmental Protection
EBITDA
Earnings before Interest,
 
Taxes,
 
Depreciation, and Amortization
 
EOM
End-of-mine reclamation
EPA
United States Environmental
 
Protection Agency
 
ESA
Limited Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
EVR
Estimated Visual Recovery
Feasibility Study
“…comprehensive technical and economic study of the selected development
option for a mineral project, which includes detailed assessments of all
applicable modifying factors together with any other relevant
 
operational
factors, and detailed financial analysis that
 
are necessary to demonstrate, at
the time of reporting, that extraction is economically viable.
 
According to the
proposed definition, the results of the study may serve as the basis for a final
decision by a proponent or financial institution to proceed with, or finance,
the development of the project.
 
Thus, a feasibility study is more
comprehensive, with a higher degree of accuracy,
 
and yielding results with a
higher level of confidence, than a pre-feasibility study.”
 
Hitachi
Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
HWM
Highwall mining
In situ
Its natural position; said specific of a rock, soil, or fossil when in the situation
in which was originally formed or deposited
Indicated
Resources
Indicated
 
resources
 
are
 
those
 
lying
 
between
 
0.4-kilometer
 
and
 
1.2-kilometer
radius
 
from
 
such an
 
observation
 
point
 
and reported
 
herein
 
as in-situ
 
mineral
resources.
Inferred Resources
Inferred
 
resources
 
lie
 
more
 
than
 
a
 
1.2-kilometer
 
radius
 
from
 
a
 
valid
 
point
 
of
measurement but less than 4.8
 
kilometers from one, and reported herein as
 
in-
situ mineral resources.
 
 
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Appendix C
 
 
 
 
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Abbreviation
Definition
JORC Code
Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration
 
Results, Mineral Resources and
Ore Reserves
lb. SO
2
 
/ mm Btu
Pounds per sulfur dioxide per million British thermal units
LJ Hughes
LJ Hughes & Sons, Inc. - drilling Company
LOM
Life-of-mine
M&R
Maintenance and repair
M.B.A.
Master of Business Administration
Measured
Resources
Measured resources are those lying within 0.4-kilometer radius from
 
a valid
point of measurement and reported herein as in-situ mineral resources.
MINER Act
Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response Act of 2006
 
Mineral Reserve
“…the economically mineable part of a Measured and/or Indicated Mineral
Resource.
 
It includes dilution materials and allowances for losses, which occur
when the material is mined or extracted and is defined by studies at
Preliminary Feasibility or Feasibility level as appropriate that include
Modifying Factors.
 
Such studies demonstrate that, at the time of reporting,
extraction of the mineral reserve is economically viable under reasonable
investment and marketing assumptions”.
 
Mineral Resource
“…a concentration or occurrence of solid material of economic interest
 
or on
the Earth’s crust
 
in such form, grade or quality that there are reasonable
prospects for eventual economic extraction.
 
The location, quantity,
 
grade,
continuity and other geological characteristics and continuity
 
of a Mineral
Resource are known, estimated or interpreted
 
from specific geological
evidence and knowledge, including sampling.”
 
MM&A
Marshall Miller & Associates, Inc.
Modifying Factors
“…considerations used to convert Mineral
 
Resources to Mineral Reserves.
 
These include, but are not restricted to, mining, processing, metallurgical,
infrastructure, economic, marketing,
 
legal, environmental compliance, plans,
negotiations, or agreements with local individuals or groups and
governmental factors.”
MRMR
Mineral Resources to Mineral Reserves
MSHA
United States Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration
MSL
Mean sea level
Mt
Million metric tonnes
NAIP
National Agricultural Imagery Program
NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety
 
and Health
NS
Norfolk Southern Corporation, a rail-based freight transportation
 
company
O&M
Operating and maintenance
 
OSD
Out-of-seam dilution
OSM
U.S. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
P&L
Profit and loss before tax
 
P.E.
Professional Engineer
Preliminary
Feasibility Study
“…as a comprehensive study of a range of options for the technical and
economic viability of a mineral project that has advanced to a stage
 
where a
qualified person has determined (in the case of underground mining) a
 
 
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Appendix C
 
 
 
 
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Abbreviation
Definition
preferred mining method, or in the case of surface mining) a pit configuration,
and in all cases has determined an effective method of mineral processing
 
and
an effective plan to sell the product. The study’s
 
financial analysis must have
the level of detail necessary to demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that
extraction is economically viable. In addition, as noted in the proposed
definition of a pre-feasibility study,
 
while a pre-feasibility study is less
comprehensive and results in a lower confidence level than a feasibility
 
study,
a pre-
 
feasibility study is more comprehensive and results
 
in a higher
confidence level than an initial assessment.”
 
Property(ies)
Bituminous coal deposits located in Boone, Logan, and Wyoming Counties,
West Virginia.
 
QP
Qualified Person
Qualified Person
“…a person who is a mineral industry professional with at least
 
five years of
relevant experience in the type of mineralization and type of deposit under
consideration and in the specific type of activity that person is undertaking on
behalf of the registrant.
 
In addition, the proposed definition requires a
qualified person to be an eligible member or licensee in good standing of a
recognized professional
 
organization at the
time the technical report is prepared”.
Rec.
Recovery
RECs
Recognized Environmental
 
Conditions
Resource Database
The Resource Database is established by the collection, validation,
 
recording,
storing and processing of data and forms the foundation
 
necessary for the
estimation of Mineral Resource and Mineral
 
Reserve.
 
A quality assurance and quality control program is essential
 
and must be
established to govern the collection of all data.
 
In reporting, a Mineral
Resource must meet the minimum requirement of “reasonable
 
prospects for
economic extraction”.
 
This will require the concurrent collection and storage
of preliminary economic, mining, metallurgical, environmental,
 
legal and
social data and other information for use in the estimation
 
of MRMR.
 
The Resource Database will include both “primary” (observation and
measurement) and “interpreted” data.
 
It is recommended that data be stored
digitally,
 
using a documented, standard format and a reliable storage
 
medium
that allows for easy and complete
 
retrieval of the data.
ROM
Run-of-mine
RPO
Recognized Professional
 
Organizations
S-K 1300
United States Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation
 
S-K 1300
Modernization of Property Disclosures
SEC
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
SMCRA
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 is the primary federal
 
law
that regulates the environmental
 
effects of coal mining in the United States.
SME
Society for Mining Engineers
 
 
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Appendix C
 
 
 
 
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Abbreviation
Definition
Strip Ratio
Represented by bcm of overburden to recoverable
 
coal tonnes
 
tph
tonnes per hour
 
TRS
Technical
 
Report Summary
USA
United States of America
USFW
United States Fish and Wildlife
USGS
United States Geologic Survey
 
VALMIN Code
Australasian Code for Public Reporting of Technical
 
Assessments and
Valuations of Mineral
 
Assets
Vulcan™
Vulcan™ software is a product of Maptek™, a provider
 
of software for the
global mining industry.
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APPENDIX
D
INITIAL ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT FOR RESOURCES EXCLUSIVE
OF RESERVES
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APPENDIX
E
JORC TABLE 1
 
 
 
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Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Sampling techniques
>
Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut channels, random chips, or specific specialised
industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as
downhole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc.). These examples should not be taken
as limiting the broad meaning of sampling.
>
Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the
appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used.
>
Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report. In
cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been done this would be relatively simple (e.g. ‘reverse
circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30
g charge for fire assay’). In other cases, more explanation may be required, such
 
as where there is
coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation
 
types
(e.g. submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed information.
>
Most of the coal samples have been obtained from the Properties by subsurface exploration
using core drilling techniques.
 
The protocol for preparing and testing the samples has varied over time
and is not well documented for the older holes drilled on the Properties.
>
Typical USA core drilling sampling technique is for the coal core sample, once recovered from
the core barrel, to be described then wrapped in a sealed plastic sleeve and placed into a covered core
box, which is the length of the sample so that the core can be delivered to a laboratory in relatively
intact condition and with original moisture content.
>
It is reasonable to assume, given the sophistication level of the previous operators, that
these samples were generally collected and processed under industry best-practices.
 
This assumption is
based on MM&A’s familiarity with the operating companies and the companies used to perform the
analysis.
 
>
Some of the drill holes were air rotary bored and no coal core samples were collected.
 
Seam
thickness for rotary-drilled bore holes is verified by calibrated downhole gamma-density logs.
 
>
Coal samples that were deemed by MM&A geologists to be unrepresentative were not used
for statistical analysis of coal quality, as documented in the tabulations. A representative group of drill
hole samples from the Properties were then checked against the original drill laboratory reports to
verify accuracy and correctness.
 
Drilling techniques
>
Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger,
Bangka, sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails,
face-sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc.).
>
The Properties have been extensively explored by subsurface drilling efforts carried out by
numerous entities, most of which were completed prior to acquisition by Coronado.
 
The majority of the
drilling was accomplished using vertical continuous (diamond) coring or air rotary methods.
>
Core drilling methods utilize NX-size (5.4 centimeter) or similar-sized core cylinders to
recover core samples, which can be used to delineate geologic characteristics, and for coal quality
testing and geotechnical logging.
 
>
Data for the rotary drilled holes is mainly derived from downhole geophysical logs, which are
used to interpret coal and rock thickness and depth since logging of the drill cuttings is not reliable.
>
Geophysical logging was performed on many of the holes, either by Geological Logging
Systems (a division of MM&A), other geophysical logging contractors, and on those properties acquired
from CONSOL geophysical logging was often performed by CONSOL’s in-house logging services.
Drill sample recovery
>
Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results
assessed.
>
Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the
samples.
>
Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample
bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material.
>
Where available, core recovery thickness of coal samples was reconciled with the thickness
interpreted from geophysical logs.
>
Core recovery of the older coal samples lacking geophysical logs is sometimes not well-
documented: however, when the laboratory results for such holes had anomalous values, the data was
disqualified and not used.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Logging
>
Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a
level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and
metallurgical studies.
>
Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc.)
photography.
>
The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged.
>
A wide variety of core-logging techniques exist for the properties.
 
For many of the core
holes, the primary data source is a generalized lithology description by the driller, in some cases
supplemented by a more detailed core log completed by a geologist.
 
>
The logging of core thickness and depth is quantitative.
 
With the exception of the coal
seams, logging of rock strata type is more subjective and best considered as qualitative.
Sub-sampling
techniques and sample
preparation
>
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken.
>
If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc. and whether sampled wet
or dry.
>
For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation
technique.
>
Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise
representivity of samples.
>
Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in situ material
collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling.
>
Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled.
>
Typical US practice in the Appalachian Basin is that core samples for deep mineable core
samples are not sawn or subsampled (since seams are not of great thickness and the entire seam is
mined and co-mingled).
>
Oftentimes, core for surface-mineable coal seams are bench sampled separately by the
various coal and rock layers (plies).
>
MM&A has exercised diligence to use only those analyses that are representative of the coal
quality parameters for the appropriate mining type for each sample.
Quality of assay data
and laboratory tests
>
The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures
used and whether the technique is considered partial or total.
>
For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc., the parameters
used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations
factors applied and their derivation, etc.
>
Nature of quality control procedures adopted (e.g. standards, blanks, duplicates,
external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and
precision have been established.
>
Sample analysis was typically carried out by accredited US laboratories.
 
>
Standard procedure upon receipt of core samples by the testing laboratory is to log the
depth and thickness of the sample, then perform testing as specified by a representative of the
operating company.
 
Each sample is then analyzed in accordance with procedures defined under
ASTM
International (
ASTM
)
 
standards including, but not limited to; washability (ASTM D4371); ash (ASTM
D3174); sulfur (ASTM D4239); Btu/lb. (ASTM D5865); volatile matter (ASTM D3175); Free Swell Index
(
FSI
) (ASTM D720).
>
Geophysical tools are calibrated by the logging company and where possible, validated using
a calibration hole.
Verification of
sampling and assaying
>
The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative
company personnel.
>
The use of twinned holes.
>
Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage
(physical and electronic) protocols.
>
Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
>
All coal intersection data used to generate the geologic model has been cross referenced
with the lithological and geophysical logs by MM&A.
>
Laboratory quality was adjusted from dry basis to reflect the anticipated marketable product
moisture.
>
Coal quality results were verified by spot-check with laboratory analysis sheets by MM&A
before inclusion into the geologic model and use in the resource estimate.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Location of data points
>
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole
surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation.
>
Specification of the grid system used.
>
Quality and adequacy of topographic control.
>
Due to the long history of exploration by various parties on the Properties, a wide variety of
survey techniques exist for documentation of data point locations.
 
Many of the older exploration drill
holes appear to have been located by ground survey; more recently completed drill holes are often
located by high-resolution Global Positioning System (
GPS
) units.
>
Grid systems used are typically the State Plane Coordinate System pertinent to each
property.
 
>
Topography is based on either the USGS topographic 7.5-minute quadrangle maps or on
recent aerial photogrammetry as necessary (subject to availability).
Data spacing and
distribution
>
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results.
>
Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of
geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve
estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied.
>
Whether sample compositing has been applied.
>
Spacing and distribution of data point information may vary from seam to seam within each
mining area.
 
The areas estimated for coal resource and coal reserve tonnes have been limited so that
the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of geological continuity
appropriate for the estimation and classification of the coal tonnes.
 
>
All of the coal resource tonnes are in the measured, indicated, and inferred categories, and
all of the coal reserve tonnes are in the proved and probable categories in accordance with the JORC
Code and SEC standards.
 
Orientation of data in
relation to geological
structure
>
Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible structures
and the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type.
>
If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed
and reported if material.
>
Drill holes have been vertically drilled.
 
No downhole deviation logs have been collected and
it is therefore not known if the drill holes have deviated away from vertical.
 
Based on the relatively
shallow seam depths, any deviation is expected to be insignificant and immaterial to the geologic
characterization of the Property.
>
The dip of the coal seams is relatively minor and not a material issue for representation of
seam thickness or quality.
Sample security
The measures taken to ensure sample security.
>
Sample handling procedures employed by explorationists follow typical US protocol and
should be adequate to insure sample security.
Audits or reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data.
>
MM&A has reviewed all available geological information for the Properties in developing the
geologic model.
 
Only that data deemed suitable has been used for the purpose of generating the
resource and reserve estimates.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Mineral tenement and
land tenure status
>
Type, reference name/number,
 
location and ownership including agreements or
material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native
title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings.
>
The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known
impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area.
>
The Coronado coal resources are located within three of the United State of America:
Virginia; West Virginia; and Pennsylvania.
 
Control of these Properties is governed by many hundreds of
agreements.
>
MM&A has not carried out separate title verification for the coal properties and has not
verified leases, deeds, surveys or other property control instruments pertinent to the subject resources.
 
>
Coronado has represented to MM&A that it controls the mining rights to the coal deposits as
shown on its property maps, and MM&A has accepted these as being a true and accurate depiction of
the mineral rights controlled by Coronado.
 
The TRS assumes the properties are developed under
responsible and experienced management.
>
There are no known legal or environmental encumbrances that would impede development
of the subject coal reserves.
Exploration done by
other parties
>
Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties.
>
The Properties have been extensively explored by subsurface drilling efforts carried out by
numerous entities, most of which were completed prior to acquisition by Coronado.
>
This exploration work was generally performed to prevailing US best practice standards and
deemed adequate for the purposes of this TRS.
 
Geology
>
Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation.
>
The Coronado coal resources are located within the Northern and Central Appalachian Coal
Basins.
>
The coal deposits are Carboniferous in age, being of the Pennsylvanian system.
>
Seam of economic significance typically range between 0.3 meters and 1.8 meters in
thickness, with relatively little structural deformation.
>
Regional structure is typically characterized by gently dipping strata to the northwest at less
than one percent.
Drill hole Information
>
A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results
including
 
a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill holes:
easting and northing of the drill hole collar
elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in metres) of the drill hole
collar
dip and azimuth of the hole
down hole length and interception depth
hole length.
>
If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the information is not
Material and this exclusion does not detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent
Person should clearly explain why this is the case.
>
MM&A reviewed and entered all pertinent data into a digital geologic database for each
Coronado property.
 
The database consists of thousands of data records, which include drill hole and
supplemental coal seam thickness measurements from outcrop and mine exposures.
 
>
All drill holes in the database are provided with a collar elevation and the State Plane
Coordinate System easting and northing coordinate.
>
After MM&A confirmed proper coal seam thickness and correlation, the seam data was
modelled and compiled into coal resource maps.
>
The maps are provided in the TRS; however, a tabulation of the thousands of individual data
records is not practical to include.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Data aggregation
methods
>
In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum and/or
minimum grade truncations (e.g. cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material
and should be stated.
>
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high grade results and longer
lengths of low grade results, the procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and some
typical examples of such aggregations should be shown in detail.
>
The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be clearly
stated.
>
Where a coal seam has been bench sampled (typically for surface mining) the individual
analyses for the coal plies are normally weight-averaged to represent the total of recoverable coal.
>
Coal quality summary results have been documented in the TRS.
 
Average coal quality on a
per-seam basis is used to represent the coal resources within a given mining area.
>
Average coal quality for each Coronado complex is provided in Tables 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 of this
TRS.
 
>
No other data aggregations methods are used.
Relationship between
mineralisation widths
and intercept lengths
>
These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration Results.
>
If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its
nature should be reported.
>
If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a clear
statement to this effect (e.g. ‘down hole length, true width not known’).
>
Coal thickness values from all coal intersections and down hole geophysical logs are
considered to be vertical thicknesses.
 
Seam dip of approximately 2.0 to 3.0 degrees has little effect on
the vertical thickness of the seam.
Diagrams
>
Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be
included for any significant discovery being reported These should include, but not be limited to a
plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views.
>
Diagrams and maps showing the coal seam intercepts are presented in the TRS.
Balanced reporting
>
Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable,
representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or widths should be practiced to avoid
misleading reporting of Exploration Results.
>
All of the available, qualified exploration data has been included within the tabulations,
maps, and diagrams for this TRS.
>
Both coal thickness and quality data are deemed by MM&A to be reasonably sufficient within
the resource areas. Therefore, there is a reasonable level of confidence in the geologic interpretations
required for coal resource determination based on the available data and the techniques applied to the
data.
Other substantive
exploration data
>
Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but
not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results;
bulk samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density,
groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating
substances.
>
Informational material available from the U.S. Geological Survey and the respective State
Surveys was used to assist in the Resource estimate.
 
Further work
>
The nature and scale of planned further work (e.g. tests for lateral extensions or depth
extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
>
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main
geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially
sensitive.
>
Further work is expected to include additional exploration, geotechnical testing, coal quality
analyses, and coal property acquisition.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
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Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Database
 
integrity
>
Measures taken to ensure that data has not been corrupted by,
 
for example, transcription
or keying errors, between its initial collection and
 
its use for Mineral Resource estimation purposes.
>
Data validation procedures used.
>
MM&A confirmed coal seam thickness and correlations in databases used for coal deposit
modelling.
 
Representative records were spot-checked for data entry validation.
 
>
Geophysical logs were used wherever available to assist in confirming the seam correlation and
to verify proper seam thickness measurements and recovery of coal samples.
Site
visits
>
Comment on
 
any site
 
visits undertaken
 
by the
 
Competent Person and the outcome of
those visits.
>
If no
 
site visits
 
have been
 
undertaken indicate
 
why this
 
is the case.
>
MM&A is very familiar with the Properties and has conducted multiple site visits throughout the
years.
Geological interpretation
>
Confidence in (or conversely,
 
the uncertainty
 
of) the geological interpretation of the
mineral deposit.
>
Nature of the data used and of any assumptions
 
made.
>
The effect,
 
if any,
 
of alternative
 
interpretations on
 
Mineral Resource estimation.
>
The use of geology in guiding
 
and controlling
 
Mineral Resource estimation.
>
The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology.
>
Due to the relative structural simplicity of the deposits and the reasonable continuity of the
tabular coal beds, the principal geological interpretation necessary to define the geometry of the coal
deposits is the proper modeling of their thickness and elevation.
 
>
Both coal thickness and quality data are deemed by MM&A to be reasonable within the
resource areas.
 
>
Therefore, there is a reasonable level of confidence in the geologic interpretations required for
coal resource determination based on the available data and the techniques applied to the data.
Dimensions
>
The extent and variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length (along strike or
otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to the upper and lower limits of the Mineral
Resource.
>
The subject coal resource areas mostly exist in discreet, individual deposits of highly variable
dimensions, shapes and depth below the ground surface.
>
Such factors are best depicted in the maps contained in the TRS.
>
Details of the parameters are cited within the TRS and included in the table of Cut-off
Parameters listed in Section 11.1 of the TRS.
 
Estimation
and
modelling techniques
>
The nature and appropriateness
 
of the estimation technique(s) applied and key
assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade values, domaining, interpolation parameters and
maximum distance of extrapolation from data points. If
 
a computer assisted estimation method was
chosen include a description of computer software and parameters used.
>
The availability of check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine production records
and whether the Mineral Resource estimate
 
takes
 
appropriate account
 
of
 
such data.
>
The assumptions made regarding recovery
 
of by-products.
>
Estimation of deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of economic
 
significance
(e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage characterisation).
>
In the case of
 
block model interpolation, the
 
block size in relation to
 
the average sample
spacing and the search employed.
>
Any assumptions behind modelling of
 
selective mining units.
>
Any assumptions about correlation
 
between variables.
>
Description of how the
 
geological interpretation was
 
used to control the resource
estimates.
>
Discussion of basis for using or not
 
using grade cutting or capping.
>
The process of validation,
 
the checking process used, the comparison of
 
model data to
drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if available.
>
Geological data was imported into Carlson Mining
®
 
(formerly SurvCADD
®
) geological modelling
software in the form of Microsoft
®
 
Excel files incorporating, drill hole collars, seam and thickness picks,
bottom seam elevations and raw and washed coal quality. These data files were validated prior to
importing into the software.
>
Once imported, a geologic model was created.
>
The geological model was verified and reviewed.
 
>
Resources were estimated by defining seam thickness at each point of observation and by
defining resource confidence arcs around the points of observation.
>
Points of observation for Measured and Indicated confidence arcs were defined for all drill holes
that intersected the seam.
 
>
As prescribed by the common United States classification system the following distances from
points of observation were used to define the corresponding Resource category arcs:
-
Inferred Resources – greater than 3,960 feet (1.2 kilometers) but less than 15,840 feet (4.8
kilometers)
-
Indicated Resources – 3,960 feet (1.2 kilometers)
-
Measured Resources – 1,320 feet (0.4 kilometers)
>
The use of the standards commonly used in the United States are appropriate and customary
for this resource jurisdiction and deposition type.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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&
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
MM&A performed a geostatistical analysis test of the Coronado data sets using the Drill Hole
Spacing Analysis (
DHSA
) method.
>
Based on MM&A’s analysis, it would be possible to extend the measured, indicated and inferred
arcs slightly beyond historically accepted practices due to consistent geological settings. The QP’s have
elected not to extend arc distances, introducing a level of conservatism in the coal classification.
Moisture
>
Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural moisture, and the
method of determination of the moisture content.
>
Coal resource tonnes are presented on a dry, in-situ basis.
>
Reserve tonnes are presented on a moist basis at anticipated product moisture ranging from 4.0
to 6.0 percent. Moisture content based on historic analyses of shipped coal.
Cut-off Parameters
>
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied.
>
The cut-off parameters were tailored for each of the Coronado properties to be in accordance
with mining/ processing capabilities and market conditions prevalent at each operation.
>
Examples include minimum recoverable coal thickness, acceptable ash content and wash
recovery, and manageable overburden to coal ratio for surface mineable coal.
>
Details of the parameters are cited within the TRS and included in the table of Cut-off
Parameters listed in Section 11.1 of this TRS.
>
These cut-off parameters have been developed by MM&A based on its experience with the
Coronado properties and other mining operations of the Central Appalachian coal basin.
 
This experience
includes technical and economic evaluations of numerous properties in the region for the purposes of
determining the economic viability of the subject coal reserves.
Mining factors or
assumptions
>
Assumptions made regarding possible mining methods, minimum mining dimensions and
internal (or, if applicable, external) mining dilution. It is always necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential mining
methods, but the assumptions made regarding mining methods and parameters when estimating
Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with
an explanation of the basis of the mining assumptions made.
>
Mining factors such as dilution, mining and washing recovery are variable and have been
applied at the coal deposits at each operation based on site-specific characteristics.
>
Details of the factors are cited within the TRS.
>
Factors that would typically preclude conversion of a coal resource to coal reserve include the
following: inferred resource classification; absence of coal quality; poor mine recovery; lack of access;
insufficient exploration; or uncontrolled surface property for areas of proposed for surface mining.
 
>
While such factors were used to preclude the conversion of a very limited number of coal
resources to coal reserves in this report, the extensive history of mining on the Properties would suggest
that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extractions of all coal resources under
favorable market conditions.
Metallurgical factors
 
or
assumptions
>
The basis for assumptions or predictions regarding metallurgical amenability. It is always
necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic
extraction to consider potential metallurgical methods, but the assumptions regarding metallurgical
treatment processes and parameters made when reporting Mineral Resources may not always be
rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the
metallurgical assumptions made.
>
The products mined from coal resources controlled by Coronado can be sold into high-, mid-,
and low-volatile metallurgical coal markets because of their inherent quality characteristics.
 
>
Run-of-mine production is washed at the coal preparation plants as needed for quality control.
 
>
Coronado may blend production from multiple sources to manage ash and sulfur content along
with the rheological and petrographic characteristics of the shipped products.
 
Environmental factors
 
or
assumptions
>
Assumptions made regarding possible waste and process residue disposal options. It is
always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic
extraction to consider the potential environmental impacts of the mining and processing operation.
 
While at this stage the determination of potential environmental impacts, particularly for a
greenfields project, may not always be well advanced, the status of early consideration of these
potential environmental impacts should be reported. Where these aspects have not been considered
this should be reported with an explanation of the environmental assumptions made.
>
MM&A completed a Limited Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) on the Buchanan
property in April 2016, and on the Logan County and Greenbrier Properties in May 2017 on behalf of
Coronado.
 
Coronado reports not having conducted such a study since the MM&A studies.
 
>
The ESAs completed by MM&A included a site inspection, review of historical records, a
database search of State and Federal regulatory records and interviews to identify potential recognized
environmental conditions (RECs) that may create environmental liability for the sites.
 
>
MM&A identified one REC at Greenbrier associated with stained soil and gravel near a fueling
and maintenance area.
 
Coronado reported to MM&A that satisfactory clean-up efforts were completed at
Greenbrier.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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&
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
Based on these former ESAs completed by MM&A, it is MM&A’s opinion that Coronado has a
generally typical coal industry record of compliance with applicable mining, water quality, and
environmental laws.
 
Estimated costs for mine closure, including water quality monitoring during site
reclamation, are included in the TRS financial models.
 
Bulk density
>
Whether assumed or determined. If assumed, the basis for the assumptions. If
determined, the method used, whether wet or dry, the frequency of the measurements, the nature,
size and representativeness of the samples.
>
The bulk density for bulk material must have been measured by methods that adequately
account for void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc), moisture and differences between rock and alteration
zones within the deposit.
>
Discuss assumptions for bulk density estimates used in the evaluation process of the
different materials.
>
Laboratory derived seam densities measured in specific gravity were used where available.
 
As
needed, these data were supplemented by estimated seam density values based on the relative proportion
of coal and non-coal material within the seam (typically at 1.30 and 2.25 specific gravity, respectively).
>
Average seam density was determined for each coal deposit and used to convert coal volumes
into coal tonnage estimates.
Classification
>
The basis for the classification of the Mineral Resources into varying confidence
categories.
>
Whether appropriate account has been taken of all relevant factors (i.e. relative
confidence in tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input data, confidence in continuity of geology
and metal values, quality, quantity and distribution of the data).
>
Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent
>
Person’s view of the deposit.
>
The Resource has been classified based on suitable distances from points of observations
prescribed in the common United States classification system.
>
The use of the United States standards is appropriate and customary for this resource
jurisdiction and deposition type.
>
MM&A performed a geostatistical analysis test of the Coronado data sets using the Drill Hole
Spacing Analysis (
DHSA
) method.
>
Based on MM&A’s analysis, it would be possible to extend the measured, indicated and inferred
arcs slightly beyond historically accepted practices due to consistent geological settings. The QP’s have
elected not to extend arc distances, introducing a level of conservatism in the coal classification.
>
All relevant factors have been accounted for and reflect the Competent Person’s
 
view of the
deposit.
Audits or reviews
>
The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral Resource estimates.
>
MM&A completed prepared a statement of coal resources and reserves for the Properties in
accordance with the JORC Code as of December 31, 2017.
 
MM&A also subsequently updated the estimate
of resources and reserves for depletion as of December 31, 2018, December 31, 2019, December 31, 2020
and December 31, 2021.
>
MM&A performed a previous audit of the Properties in year 2017 for Coronado based on U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Industry Guide 7 and USGS Circular 891 standards.
 
>
Earlier audits were performed by various independent consultants for predecessors-in-title to
Coronado and at various levels of detail depending on the clients concerns and the allotted time for
completion.
 
Previous audits and reviews defined the primary coal resource areas and estimated the
recoverable tonnes for each seam based on the expected mining methods.
 
>
Additionally, MM&A has performed proprietary evaluations for predecessors-in-title to
Coronado, which encompass portions of the Properties included in this TRS.
Discussion of relative
accuracy/ confidence
>
Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the
Mineral Resource estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent
Person. For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative
accuracy of the resource within stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors that could affect the relative accuracy and
confidence of the estimate.
>
The relative accuracy of and confidence in the coal tonnage and quality estimates provided
herein are judged to be in conformance with current industry best-practices.
 
>
The representation of average coal quality characteristics should be understood to represent a
reasonably representative sampling that is generally indicative of coal quality and does not represent a
statistically rigorous approach to coal quality modeling.
>
Resource estimation has been completed using standard coal estimation methods which are
deemed appropriate for this deposit.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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&
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SSOCIATES
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local,
state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation.
Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used.
>
These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be
compared with production data, where available.
Section 4 Estimation and Reporting of Ore Reserves
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Mineral Resource
estimate for conversion
to Ore Reserves
 
>
Description of the Mineral Resource estimate used as a basis for the conversion to an Ore
Reserve.
>
The coal resource estimate was prepared as part of the report Coronado Global Resources Inc.
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves in Accordance with JORC Code and United States SEC
Standards as of December 31, 2022 – Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins – Virginia, West
Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA – February 2023 prepared by MM&A.
>
The resource estimation criteria were developed by MM&A based on the capabilities of the mining
equipment used within the production model and on industry-accepted standards to assure that the
basic geologic characteristics of the coal resources are in reasonable conformity with those to be mined
and marketed by Coronado.
>
Clear statement as to whether the Mineral Resources are reported additional to, or inclusive
of, the Ore Reserves.
>
Coal resources generally are reported inclusive of the coal reserves.
 
In some cases, resources are
reported in addition to coal reserves.
 
Tables 1-1 and 11-3 of the TRS clearly identify resources
“inclusive of mine plan” from which coal reserves were estimated along with those resources “exclusive
of mine plan” from which no reserves were estimated.
 
Site visits
 
>
Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those
visits.
>
MM&A is very familiar with the Properties and has conducted multiple site visits throughout the
years.
Study status
 
>
The type and level of study undertaken to enable Mineral Resources to be converted to Ore
Reserves.
>
A preliminary feasibility LOM plan was prepared by MM&A for active and proposed mines.
 
>
The Code requires that a study to at least Pre-Feasibility Study level has been undertaken to
convert Mineral Resources to Ore Reserves. Such studies will have been carried out and will have
determined a mine plan that is technically achievable and economically viable, and that material
Modifying Factors have been considered.
>
This geologic evaluation conducted in accordance with JORC and SEC standards and in conjunction
with the preliminary feasibility study is sufficient to conclude that the surface, highwall miner and
underground coal reserves identified on the Properties are economically mineable under reasonable
expectations of market prices for thermal and metallurgical coal products, estimated operation costs,
and capital expenditures.
>
The pre-feasibility financial models, prepared by MM&A for this TRS, was developed to test the
economic viability of each coal resource area.
>
Proved and probable coal reserve were derived from the defined in-situ coal resource considering
relevant processing, economic (including independent estimates of capital, revenue and cost,
marketing, legal, environmental, socioeconomic, and regulatory factors).
Cut-off parameters
 
>
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied.
>
The cut-off parameters were tailored for each of the Coronado properties to be in accordance with
mining/ processing capabilities and market conditions prevalent at each operation.
>
Examples include minimum recoverable coal thickness, acceptable ash content and wash recovery,
and manageable overburden to coal ratio for surface mineable coal.
>
Details of the parameters are cited within the TRS and included in the table of Cut-off Parameters
listed in Section 11.1 of this TRS.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
11
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
These cut-off parameters have been developed by MM&A based on its experience with the
Coronado properties and are typical of mining operations in the Central Appalachian coal basin.
 
This
experience includes technical and economic evaluations of numerous properties in the region for the
purposes of determining the economic viability of the subject coal reserves.
Mining factors or
assumptions
 
>
The method and assumptions used as reported in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility Study to
convert the Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve (i.e. either by application of appropriate factors
by optimisation or by preliminary or detailed design).
>
After validating coal seam data and establishing correlations, the thickness and elevation for seams
of economic interest were used to generate a geologic model.
>
A pre-feasibility LOM plan was prepared by MM&A for active and proposed mines.
 
MM&A
prepared mine projections and production timing forecasts based on coal seam characteristics.
 
Production timing was carried out from 2023 to depletion (exhaustion) of the coal reserve areas.
>
The choice, nature and appropriateness of the selected mining method(s) and other mining
parameters including associated design issues such as pre-strip, access, etc.
>
The room-and-pillar mining method was selected to model the underground mining resources,
utilizing continuous miners for coal extraction, shuttle cars for production section haulage and roof
bolters for roof control, with the exception that the Buchanan Mine also uses longwall shearers,
armored face conveyors, and hydraulic self-advancing roof support.
 
The resource areas located above
drainage are relatively small and often have irregular boundaries.
The Buchanan Mine in Buchanan
County, Virginia is the only active longwall mine currently being operated by Coronado.
>
The Coronado underground mining resource areas which are located above-drainage require an
access road and mine access development along the outcrop, whereas below-drainage mines are
accessed via shaft or slope based on other proposed surface infrastructure locations and/or surface
property control.
 
>
The surface mining method selected utilizes highly productive hydraulic shovels, front-end loaders,
large tractors and rock trucks for overburden removal.
 
The mobile equipment spreads adapt readily to
winding coal outcrops for contour surface mining and are effective for point-removal
 
and area mining
applications.
>
Application of highwall and auger mining units is an effective method to recover coal resources not
suitable for underground mining and under excessive cover for surface mining.
>
The assumptions made regarding geotechnical parameters (e.g. pit slopes, stope sizes, etc.),
grade control and pre-production drilling.
>
Mining plans for potential underground mines were developed by MM&A.
 
Pillar stability was
tested by MM&A using the
Analysis of Coal Pillar Stability (ACPS
) program that was developed by the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (
NIOSH
)
.
 
>
Coronado must obtain approved mining plans from
United States Department of Labor Mine
Safety and Health Administration (
MSHA
)
that define safety parameters for the highwalls developed
during contour and area mining.
 
MM&A’s planning model does not require input of specific highwall
design parameters, but provides for timing of mining within mine plan polygons that is representative
of the operation performance attained at Central Appalachia surface mines.
>
Highwall and auger mining is conducted under highwalls designed and constructed to meet MSHA
permit requirements.
 
To better assure highwall stability and safety
 
during highwall coal extraction,
MSHA requires that coal fenders, or stumps, be left in place between successive cuts. Periodic barrier
pillars must be left in place as an additional safeguard.
 
MM&A has adjusted the expected mining
recovery for highwall and auger mining resources to reflect highwall stability and safety requirements.
>
The major assumptions made and Mineral Resource model used for pit and stope
optimisation (if appropriate).
>
Underground Mining Resources:
 
For metallurgical resources, minimum coal seam thickness
extends down to between 0.6 and 1.2 meters and a minimum overburden (depth of cover) of 30.5
meters.
 
A 61-meter horizontal distance is maintained from abandoned mines and sealed or pillared
areas, and a 30-meter horizontal distance is maintained from planned highwall miner panels.
 
Mine
recovery is reduced when a rider coal seam is present within a 1.5- to 3.0-meter interval above the coal
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
seam.
 
No mining is projected when the interval between overlying and underlying reserves is less than
12 meters.
>
Surface Mining Resources:
 
For classification as a surface-mineable resource, a seam must be at
least 0.3 meters in thickness as a stand-alone (principle) seam and 0.15 meters in thickness when less
than 0.8 meters from a principal seam.
 
The maximum cumulative area mining strip ratio is generally
20:1 for thermal coal and 30:1 for metallurgical coal.
 
Some areas were assessed for their economic
viability at higher ratios, and were included as reserves if deemed economic.
 
For contour surface
mining, a minimum of 38-meter bench is provided to support HWM.
>
HWM and Auger Mining Resources: HWM cut depth (penetration) is established at a maximum of
244 meters.
 
The minimum mineable coal thickness is limited at 0.6 meters. For coal seams less than
0.8 meters thick, roof and/or floor characteristics must allow OSD cutting to maintain a 0.8-meter
minimum cutting height.
Auger mining cut depth is established at an average of 91 meters.
 
The
minimum mineable coal thickness is limited at 0.5 meters.
>
The mining dilution factors used.
>
Underground Mining Reserves:
 
The planning model assigns minimum mining heights of 1.4 to 1.8
meters for mains and panel development.
 
At the Buchanan Mine, a minimum mining height of 1.8
meters was used due to the longwall mining method being employed.
 
For coal seams thinner than the
assigned mining height, the difference between the coal seam height and assigned mining height
consists of OSD.
 
In all cases a minimum of 0.05 meters of OSD was assumed, with the exception of the
Mon Valley mines, where a minimum 0.15 meters of OSD was assumed due to weaker floor strata.
>
Surface Mining Reserves:
 
Area mining is generally limited to a cumulative overburden ratio of 30:1
and a 15:1 ratio for contour mining.
 
Exceptions were considered for mining of metallurgical grade coal
where deemed economical.
 
It is assumed that careful cleaning of exposed coal pits will result in
minimal OSD.
>
HWM and Auger Mining Reserves:
 
The mining plan assumes that the HWM cutting height is a
minimum of 76 to 99 centimeters for clearance purposes.
 
When the coal seam is less than 76 to 99
centimeters thick, OSD assumed and included in the ROM product.
Because the auger has very limited
OSD cutting ability, it is assumed that an appropriate auger diameter will be chosen based on the coal
seam thickness and that OSD will be minimal.
>
The mining recovery factors used.
>
Underground Mining Reserves:
 
Mine recovery generally varies between 40 and 60 percent for
continuous mining panels, and 100 percent for longwall.
>
Surface Mining Reserves:
 
Mining recovery is 90 percent for virgin areas.
 
Mining recovery is
reduced where second mining is projected in previously underground and auger mined areas.
>
HWM and Auger Mining Reserves:
 
A mine recovery of 40 percent has been applied for HWM.
A
mine recovery of 35 percent has been applied for auger mining.
>
Any minimum mining widths used.
>
Underground Mining Reserves:
 
Typical entry width is 5.8 to 6.1 meters.
>
The manner in which Inferred Mineral Resources are utilised in mining studies and the
sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion.
>
Proved and probable coal reserve were derived from the defined in-situ coal resource considering
relevant processing, economic (including independent estimates of capital, revenue and cost,
marketing, legal, environmental, socioeconomic, and regulatory factors).
>
Mine plan LOM tonnage includes inferred coal and those areas that do not meet the minimum coal
thickness requirement for classification as reserve.
 
Inferred coal represents approximately 0.6% of the
LOM production for Mon Valley and 0.000001% of the total LOM production for Logan.
 
None of this
coal was included in the estimate of reserves.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
The infrastructure requirements of the selected mining methods.
>
Underground Mining Resources:
 
The continuous mining method provides for the extraction of
coal from the production faces using continuous miners (and longwall shearing machine at Buchanan)
and haulage using shuttle cars or battery haulers to a feeder-breaker located at the tail of the section
conveyor belt.
 
The feeder-breaker crushes large pieces of coal and rock and regulates coal feed onto
the mine conveyor.
 
A chain conveyor is used to remove coal from the longwall face at the Buchanan
Mine for placement onto the conveyor belt which is ultimately delivered to an underground storage
bunker.
 
Roof-bolting machines are used to install roof bolts, and battery scoops are available to clean
the mine entries and assist in delivery of mine supplies to work areas.
 
Surface ventilation fans are
installed as needed to provide a sufficient volume of air to ventilate production sections, coal haulage
and transport entries, battery charging stations, and transformers in accordance with approved plans.
>
Coronado currently operates three coal preparation plants, one each at the Buchanan, Logan
County and Greenbrier Divisions.
 
The Buchanan Plant operates at a feed rate of approximately 907 raw
tonnes per hour (
tph
), whereas the Saunders Plant (Logan County Division) has a nominal feed rate of
816 tph, and the Mountaineer Plant (Greenbrier Division) operates at 544 tph.
MM&A has included
capital estimates for construction of additional coal preparation plants at the Russell County and Mon
Valley Complex for the purposes of this TRS.
 
>
Surface Mining Resources: The surface mining mobile equipment spreads advance the contour and
area mining pits while systematically reclaiming the trailing side of pits where coal has been removed.
 
The coal haul roads are extended and maintained as the pits advance.
 
Support facilities are maintained
nearby but away from the active mining, and include storage areas for blasting agents, fuel and
lubricants, and mine supplies along with maintenance facilities and offices.
 
Most of the surface mine
production is transported to a loading point for crushing, blending and direct-shipment to customers.
 
>
HWM and Auger Resources: The HWM equipment advances along with the contour mining pits.
 
The rate of advance of the contour mining is governed by the advancement rate of the HWM.
 
A diesel-
powered generator trails the highwall miner and powers the continuous mining unit.
 
Other support
facilities are provided along with the contour mining support facilities.
 
HWM production is all
transported by truck to the coal preparation plant for washing.
Metallurgical factors or
assumptions
 
>
The metallurgical process proposed and the appropriateness of that process to the style of
mineralisation.
>
Coarse material is washed in a heavy medium vessel.
 
Intermediate-size material is washed in
heavy medium cyclones.
 
Fine material is washed using conventional froth flotation cells.
>
Whether the metallurgical process is well-tested technology or novel in nature.
>
Processes are typical of those used in the coal industry and are in use at adjacent coal processing
plants.
>
The nature, amount and representativeness of metallurgical test work undertaken, the
nature of the metallurgical domaining applied and the corresponding metallurgical recovery
factors applied.
>
The quality characteristics for the subject coal resources and coal reserves have been reviewed in
detail by MM&A.
 
The drill hole data were utilized to develop average coal quality characteristics
mining site.
 
These average coal quality characteristics were then utilized as the basis for determining
the various markets into which the saleable coal will likely be placed.
>
Any assumptions or allowances made for deleterious elements.
>
No significant effects on product quality are anticipated from dilution material; float product
quality was used to model final product quality.
>
The existence of any bulk sample or pilot scale test work and the degree to which such
samples are considered representative of the orebody as a whole
>
No bulk sample or pilot scale work has been completed.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
For minerals that are defined by a specification, has the ore reserve estimation been based
on the appropriate mineralogy to meet specifications?
>
Notwithstanding the complexity of the coal quality data set, the seams of the central and northern
Appalachian coalfields have a long history of providing both high-Btu thermal coals and high-, mid- and
low-volatile coking coals with favorable metallurgical properties.
Environmental
 
>
The status of studies of potential environmental impacts of the mining and processing
operation. Details of waste rock characterisation and the consideration of potential sites, status
of design options considered and, where applicable, the status of approvals for process residue
storage and waste dumps should be reported.
>
MM&A completed a Limited Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (
ESA
) on the Buchanan
property in April 2016, and on the Logan County and Greenbrier Properties in May 2017 on behalf of
Coronado.
>
MM&A identified one REC at Greenbrier associated with stained soil and gravel near a fueling and
maintenance area.
 
Coronado reported to MM&A that satisfactory clean-up efforts were completed at
Greenbrier.
>
Based on these former ESAs completed by MM&A, it is MM&A’s opinion that Coronado has a
generally typical coal industry record of compliance with applicable mining, water quality, and
environmental laws.
 
Estimated costs for mine closure, including water quality monitoring during site
reclamation, are included in the TRS financial models.
Infrastructure
 
>
The existence of appropriate infrastructure:
 
availability of land for plant development,
power,
 
water,
 
transportation (particularly for bulk
 
commodities), labour,
 
accommodation; or the
ease with which the infrastructure can be provided or accessed.
>
Coronado currently operates one surface mine (Toney Fork Mine at the Logan Mine Complex);
Coronado also controls the idle Midland Surface Mine at the Greenbrier Mine Complex.
 
>
Coronado operates five underground mines as follows:
 
Buchanan Mine at the Buchanan Mine
Complex; Winifrede, Eagle No. 1, Muddy Bridge and Lower War Eagle Mines in the Logan Mine
Complex; the Mountaineer #1 Mine at the Greenbrier Mine Complex is currently idle.
>
All ROM production is currently planned for either truck transportation from the mines to the
processing or shipping facilities, or in some cases there is either a current or planned mine mouth
preparation plant and barge/rail loading facility.
 
>
There is a network of public highways that provide serviceable coal haul routes and private,
internal roads on the Properties would be developed as may be needed.
 
Rail service to the Properties
is most readily provided by NS and CSX
with connections to both domestic consumers and international
trans-shipment points.
 
NS track is located across the Monongahela River from the proposed Pangburn
Hollow load-out facility.
 
Coal would be shipped to customers via barge and rail and sold as both
metallurgical and thermal products.
 
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Costs
 
>
The derivation of, or assumptions made, regarding projected capital costs in the study.
>
The methodology used to estimate operating costs.
>
Coronado provided historical and 5-year budget operating costs for its active mines for MM&A’s
review.
 
MM&A used the historical and/or budget cost information as a reference and developed
personnel schedules for each mine.
 
Hourly labor rates and salaries were based upon information
contained in Coronado’s financial summaries.
 
Fringe benefit costs were developed for vacation and
holidays, federal and state unemployment insurance, retirement, workers’ compensation and
pneumoconiosis, casualty and life insurance, healthcare and bonuses.
 
A cost factor for mine supplies
was developed that relates expenditures to mine advance rates for roof control costs and other mine
supply costs at underground mines.
 
Other factors were developed for maintenance and repair costs,
rentals, mine power, outside services and other direct mining costs.
>
Surface mine direct operating costs were developed as a function of overburden ratio for repair
and maintenance supplies, diesel fuel, explosives and blasting, and miscellaneous supplies and
 
services.
 
Operating costs for highwall mines are based on costs per ROM tonne estimates.
 
Other cost factors
were developed for coal preparation plant processing, refuse handling, coal loading, trucking, property
taxes, and insurance and bonding.
 
Appropriate royalty rates were assigned for production from leased
coal lands and sales taxes were calculated for state severance taxes,
 
the federal black lung excise tax,
and federal and state reclamation fees.
>
Capital schedules were developed by MM&A for mine development, infrastructure, and on-going
capital requirements for the life of each projected mine.
>
Staffing levels were prepared and operating costs estimated by MM&A for each projected mine.
 
MM&A utilized historical cost data provided by Coronado and its own knowledge and experience to
estimate direct and indirect operating costs.
 
>
Allowances made for the content of deleterious elements.
>
No allowances have been made for deleterious elements; no impact to quality from deleterious
elements is anticipated.
>
The derivation of assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal
minerals and co- products.
>
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is derived
from market observed forward estimates based on global economic supply and demand analysis which
is applied to mine plan sales volumes and product mix and is supplemented with Coronado’s in-house
knowledge of applicable rail transportation charges, ocean freight charges and port charges.
 
Coal price
forecasts for the various products were provided by Coronado for various coal markets in terms of US
nominal dollars per metric tonne.
 
MM&A utilized this data for price forecasting in financial modeling.
>
Derivation of transportation charges.
>
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is derived
from market observed forward estimates based on global economic supply and demand analysis which
is applied to mine plan sales volumes and product mix and is supplemented with Coronado’s in-house
knowledge of applicable rail transportation charges, ocean freight charges and port charges.
 
Coal price
forecasts for the various products were provided by Coronado for various coal markets in terms of US
nominal dollars per metric tonne.
 
MM&A utilized this data for price forecasting in financial modeling.
>
The basis for forecasting or source of treatment and refining charges, penalties for failure to
meet specification, etc.
>
MM&A utilized historical cost data provided by Coronado and its own knowledge and experience
to estimate direct and indirect operating costs.
 
All ROM production is currently planned for either
truck transportation from the mines to the processing or shipping facilities, or in some cases there is
either a current or planned mine mouth preparation plant and barge/rail loading facility.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
The allowances made for royalties payable, both Government and private.
>
Appropriate royalty rates were assigned for production from leased coal lands and sales taxes were
calculated for state severance taxes, the federal
 
black lung excise tax, and federal and state
reclamation fees.
Revenue factors
 
>
The derivation of, or assumptions made regarding revenue factors including head grade,
metal or commodity price(s) exchange rates, transportation and treatment charges, penalties,
net smelter returns, etc.
>
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is derived
from market observed forward estimates based on global economic supply and demand analysis which
is applied to mine plan sales volumes and product mix and is supplemented with Coronado’s in-house
knowledge of applicable rail transportation charges, ocean freight charges and port charges.
 
Coal price
forecasts for the various products were provided by Coronado for various coal markets in terms of US
nominal dollars per metric tonne.
 
MM&A utilized this data for price forecasting in financial modeling.
>
The derivation of assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal metals,
minerals and co-products.
>
Coal sales prices as defined above.
 
All reported reserves are on a marketable basis.
Market assessment
 
>
The demand, supply and stock situation for the particular commodity, consumption trends
and factors likely to affect supply and demand into the future.
>
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is derived
from market observed forward estimates based on global economic supply and demand analysis which
is applied to mine plan sales volumes and product mix and is supplemented with Coronado’s in-house
knowledge of applicable rail transportation charges, ocean freight charges and port charges.
 
Coal price
forecasts for the various products were provided by Coronado for various coal markets in terms of US
nominal dollars per metric tonne.
 
MM&A utilized this data for price forecasting in financial modeling.
>
A customer and competitor analysis along with the identification of likely market windows
for the product.
>
All of the mine production serves metallurgical and thermal markets.
 
The metallurgical coal is
marketed as high-volatile (typically 28 percent or greater volatile matter content); mid-volatile
(typically 23- to 27-percent volatile matter content) and low-volatile (typically less than 23 percent
volatile matter content) products.
>
Raw ROM production that requires washing is currently processed through Coronado owned and
operated coal preparation plants.
 
>
ROM coal that does not require further processing is delivered directly to the loading points for
sizing and delivery to customers.
 
Coronado has access to two rail-loading points serviced by the
Norfolk Southern Corporation (
NS
)
 
and two rail-loading points serviced by
CSX Corporation (
CSX
)
.
>
Price and volume forecasts and the basis for these forecasts.
>
Carlson Mining
®
 
was used by MM&A to generate mine plans for underground-
 
and surface-
mineable coal seams.
 
Underground mine plans were sequenced based on productivity schedules
provided by Coronado, which were based on historically achieved productivity levels.
 
Surface mine
plans were generated under productivity assumptions (bank cubic yard per shift) as provided by
Coronado and reviewed by MM&A, again based heavily on productivity levels achieved by Coronado.
 
All production forecasting ties assumed production rates to geological models as constructed
independently by MM&A’s team of geologists and mining engineers.
>
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is derived
from market observed forward estimates based on global economic supply and demand analysis which
is applied to mine plan sales volumes and product mix and is supplemented with Coronado’s in-house
knowledge of applicable rail transportation charges, ocean freight charges and port charges.
 
Coal price
forecasts for the various products were provided by Coronado for various coal markets in terms of US
nominal dollars per metric tonne.
 
MM&A utilized this data for price forecasting in financial modeling.
Economic
 
>
The inputs to the economic analysis to produce the net present value (NPV) in the study, the
source and confidence of these economic inputs including estimated inflation, discount rate, etc.
>
On an unlevered basis, the NPV of the project cash flows after taxes was estimated for the purpose
of classifying coal reserves.
 
The project cash flows, excluding debt service, are calculated by
subtracting direct and indirect operating expenses and capital expenditures from revenue.
 
Direct costs
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
include labor, drilling and blasting, operating supplies, maintenance and repairs, facilities costs for
materials handling, coal preparation, refuse disposal, coal loading, sampling and analysis services,
reclamation and general and administrative costs.
 
Indirect costs include statutory and legally agreed
upon fees related to direct extraction of the mineral.
 
The indirect costs are the Federal black lung tax,
Federal and State reclamation taxes, property taxes, local transportation prior to delivery at rail
 
or
barge loading sites, coal production royalties, sales and use taxes, income taxes and State severance
taxes. Coronado’s historical costs provided a useful reference
 
for MM&A’s cost estimates.
>
Coronado provided MM&A with price forecasts for all Properties.
 
Customer coal pricing is derived
from market observed forward estimates based on global economic supply and demand analysis which
is applied to mine plan sales volumes and product mix and is supplemented with Coronado’s in-house
knowledge of applicable rail transportation charges, ocean freight charges and port charges.
 
Coal price
forecasts for the various products were provided by Coronado for various coal markets in terms of US
nominal dollars per metric tonne.
 
MM&A utilized this data for price forecasting in financial modeling.
>
All costs and prices are based on 2022 nominal United States dollars.
>
A pre-feasibility LOM plan was prepared by MM&A for active and proposed mines.
 
MM&A
prepared mine projections and production timing forecasts based on coal seam characteristics.
 
Production timing was carried out from 2023 to depletion (exhaustion) of the coal reserve areas, which
is projected for the year 2100.
>
The all-mines average cash cost ranges between approximately $65 and $317 per tonne for most
of the operating period.
>
NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations in the significant assumptions and inputs.
>
An estimate of NPV at a base discount rate of 10.0% was included in Section 19 of the TRS.
>
NPV of the Buchanan, Russell, Mon Valley, Logan and Greenbrier Properties was estimated to be
$1.562 billion, $92.2 million, $168.3 million, $366.6 million
 
and $62.7 million, respectively.
>
The sensitivity study shows the NPV at the 10.0% discount rate when Base Case sales prices,
operating costs, and capital costs are increased and decreased in increments of 5% within a +/- 15%
range.
 
Social
 
>
The status of agreements with key stakeholders and matters leading to social license to
operate.
>
Portions of the properties are located near local communities.
 
Regulations prohibit mining
activities within 91 meters of a residential dwelling, school, church, or similar structure unless written
consent is first obtained from the owner of the structure.
 
Where required, such consents have been
obtained where mining is proposed beyond the regulatory limits.
Other
 
To the extent relevant, the impact of the following on the project and/or on the estimation and
classification of the Ore Reserves:
>
Any identified material naturally occurring risks.
>
No material naturally occurring risks have been identified.
>
The status of material legal agreements and marketing arrangements.
>
The Coronado coal resources are located in Buchanan, Russell and Tazewell Counties, Virginia;
Greenbrier, Logan, Boone, Wyoming and Greenbrier Counties, West Virginia; Allegheny,
 
Washington
and Westmoreland Counties, Pennsylvania.
>
MM&A has not carried out separate title verification for the coal properties and has not verified
leases, deeds, surveys or other property control instruments pertinent to the subject resources.
>
Coronado has represented to MM&A that it controls the mining rights to the reserves as shown on
its property maps, and MM&A has accepted these as being a true and accurate depiction of the mineral
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
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Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
rights controlled by Coronado.
 
The TRS assumes the properties are developed under responsible and
experienced management.
>
The status of government agreements and approvals critical to the viability of the project,
such as mineral tenement status and government and statutory approvals. There must be
reasonable grounds to expect that all necessary Government approvals will be received within
the timeframes anticipated in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility study. Highlight and discuss the
materiality of any unresolved matter that is dependent on a third part on which extraction of the
reserve is contingent.
>
Coronado has obtained all mining and discharge permits to operate 34 underground mines, 13
surface mines, and 18 processing, loadout or related facilities.
 
MM&A is unaware of any obvious or
current Coronado permitting issues that are expected to prevent the issuance of future permits.
 
Coronado, along with all Central and Northern Appalachian basin coal producers, is subject to a level of
uncertainty regarding future clean water permits due to
United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(
EPA
)
 
involvement with state programs.
Classification
 
>
The basis for the classification of the Ore Reserves into varying confidence categories.
Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person’s view of the deposit. The
proportion of Probable Ore Reserves that have been derived from Measured Mineral Resources
(if any).
>
Measured and indicated resources have been converted to proved and probable reserves,
respectively.
>
None of the probable coal reserves have been derived from measured resources.
>
In a limited number of cases where there was only very limited data available to demonstrate the
metallurgical suitability of a given coal deposit, that deposit was classified as a probable reserve instead
of a proved reserve.
>
The results of this TRS define an estimated total initial ROM recoverable ore (coal) reserve
estimate of 551 million tonnes for Coronado as follows:
a)
 
Buchanan =
 
154 Mt
b)
 
Logan
 
=
 
138 Mt
c)
 
Greenbrier=
 
12 Mt
d)
 
Russell =
 
50 Mt
e)
 
Mon Valley =
 
197 Mt
 
>
Coronado controls a total of 334 Mt (moist basis) of marketable coal reserves for Coronado as of
December 31, 2022 (total may not add due to rounding).
 
Of that total, 74 percent are proved, and 26
percent are probable.
 
Total reserves by complex are as follows:
a)
 
Buchanan =
 
93 Mt
b)
 
Logan
 
=
 
71 Mt
c)
 
Greenbrier=
 
7 Mt
d)
 
Russell =
 
30 Mt
e)
 
Mon Valley =
 
134 Mt
 
Audits or reviews
>
The results of any audits or reviews of Ore Reserve estimates.
>
MM&A completed prepared a statement of coal resources and reserves for the Properties in
accordance with the JORC Code as of December 31, 2017.
 
MM&A also subsequently updated the
estimate of resources and reserves for depletion as of December 31, 2018, December 31, 2019,
December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2021.
>
MM&A performed a previous audit of the Properties in year 2017 for Coronado based on
U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (
SEC
)
 
Industry Guide 7 standards.
 
Earlier audits were performed
by various independent consultants for predecessors-in-title to Coronado and at various levels of detail
depending on the clients concerns and the allotted time for completion.
 
Previous audits and reviews
defined the primary coal resource areas and estimated the recoverable tonnes for each seam based on
the expected mining methods.
>
Additionally, MM&A has performed proprietary evaluations for predecessors-in-title to Coronado,
which encompass portions of the Properties included in this TRS.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
19
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Discussion of relative
accuracy/ confidence
 
>
Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the Ore
Reserve estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent Person.
For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative
accuracy of the reserve within stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors which could affect the relative accuracy and
confidence of the estimate.
>
Operations on the Properties by Coronado and its predecessors have been on-going for many
years.
 
>
MM&A is confident that the mine plans and financial models are reasonably representative to
provide an accurate estimation of coal reserves.
>
Mine development and operation have not been optimized within the TRS.
>
The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local,
state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation.
Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used.
>
Proved and probable coal reserve were derived from the defined in-situ coal resource considering
relevant processing, economic (including independent estimates of capital, revenue and cost),
marketing, legal, environmental, socioeconomic, and regulatory factors on a global scale as current
local data reflects the global assumptions.
>
Accuracy and confidence discussions should extend to specific discussions of any applied
Modifying Factors that may have a material impact on Ore Reserve viability, or for which there
are remaining areas of uncertainty at the current study stage.
The major risk factors for the active Coronado mines and future resource development are summarized
below:
>
Mine Accidents
>
Highwall Failure.
 
Highwall failures are likely to result in a temporary mine closure and should not
have a material impact on the mine sustainability.
 
The risk is considered to be probable.
 
>
Adverse Geological Conditions.
 
Adverse geological conditions include such conditions as faults and
sandstone washouts.
 
The risk is considered to be probable.
 
The impact is expected to be temporary
with little material impact on mine sustainability.
>
Environmental Risk.
 
Numerous federal and state permits are required to operate coal mines and
mine surface facilities. Permitting rules are complex and may change over time, making compliance
difficult or impossible.
>
Water Quality.
 
Permit requirements to fulfill Clean Water Act obligations are subject to
modification.
 
The probability of water quality changes having a material impact on mine operations is
possible.
 
As a contemporary example, the selenium discharge issue that affects western Canadian and
Central Appalachian Basin operators has only recently emerged as a concern and its ultimate impact
has not been determined.
>
New Permits.
 
Permit protests by environmental groups and individuals can contribute to permit
delays or denial and increase the cost of permitting and delay development.
 
Surface mining activities,
coal refuse disposal and construction of access roads in mountainous terrain often require storage of
material in valley fills.
 
Authority to dispose of fill material into waters of the United States must be
granted by the
United States Army Corps of Engineers (
COE
)
.
 
COE permits are increasingly difficult to
obtain.
>
Regulatory Requirements.
 
Adverse impact from regulatory changes is considered to be probable.
 
The impact will likely affect the broader industry and is not expected to result in mine closure.
>
Market Risk.
 
Metallurgical and thermal coal markets ultimately depend upon the global steel and
thermal coal demand and are considered to be volatile.
 
Currently, the US coal market has seen a
decline in demand for thermal coal due to thermal plant closures, as a result of new air and water
pollution regulations, and competition from other commodities used for power generation such as
natural gas.
 
This has resulted in an overall decline in CAPP coal production.
 
Continued regulatory
changes and declining demand could result in material changes in domestic and global coal markets.
 
The impact cannot be predicted at this time; however, while MM&A expects the coal reserve within
this TRS to remain economically viable throughout the life of the projected mines, the LOM financial
model is very sensitive to changes in coal sales price and therefore market risk is not insignificant.
 
 
ex963p2i0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Coal Resources and Reserves
in Accordance with SEC and the JORC Code as of December 31, 2021
Northern and Central Appalachian Coal Basins –
 
Virginia, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, USA
 
Appendix E:
 
JORC Table 1
M
ARSHALL
M
ILLER
&
A
SSOCIATES
,
I
NC
.
20
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
>
Labor Risk.
 
Work stoppage due to organized labor protests is considered to be unlikely and not
likely to lead to permanent mine closure.
 
The mines are likely to suffer the loss of key supervisors and
skilled employees due to retirement as the workforce ages.
 
The problem is industry-wide and the
impact is expected to be temporary and have no sustained impact on coal production.
>
Availability of Equipment and Supplies.
 
Risk of equipment and supply availability is likely to be
temporary and should not have a sustained adverse impact on the production of coal.
>
Transportation Delay.
 
Interruption of coal transport services by river or rail is considered to be
probable but unlikely to have a sustained impact on coal production.
>
It is recognised that this may not be possible or appropriate in all circumstances. These
statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with
production data, where available.
>
Mine plans, productivity expectations and cost estimates generally reflect historical performance
and efforts have been made to adjust plans and costs to reflect future conditions.