10-Q

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number

001-34099

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


PENNSYLVANIA		26-2753540
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


1305 Cherrington Parkway, Building 210, Suite 400 Moon Township, Pennsylvania		15108
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(412) 787-2100

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share	MHH	NYSE American

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation

S-T

(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a

non-accelerated

filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in

Rule 12b-2

of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in

Rule 12b-2

of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding as of April 30, 2025 was 11,764,649.

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)


	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	24,665		$	27,742
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $311 in 2025 and $311 in 2024		23,809			23,845
Unbilled receivables		8,337			7,598
Prepaid and other current assets		7,652			7,020

Total current assets		64,463			66,205
Equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements, at cost:
Equipment		3,789			3,671
Enterprise software		4,185			4,185
Leasehold improvements		742			742

		8,716			8,598
Less – accumulated depreciation and amortization		(6,784	)		(6,600	)

Net equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements		1,932			1,998
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		3,514			3,832
Deferred income taxes		1,295			1,298
Deferred financing costs, net		165			189
Deferred compensation, net		1,375			—
Non-current deposits		464			444
Goodwill, net of impairment		27,210			27,210
Intangible assets, net of amortization		9,658			10,308

Total assets	$	110,076		$	111,484

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		3,742			4,683
Accrued payroll and related costs		13,448			13,750
Current portion of operating lease liability		1,291			1,265
Other accrued liabilities		712			550
Deferred revenue		218			329

Total current liabilities		19,411			20,577

Long-term liabilities:
Long-term operating lease liability, less current portion		2,158			2,486
Long-term severance liability		1,560			987

Total liabilities		23,129			24,050

Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 5)
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock, no par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding		—			—
Common Stock, par value $.01; 100,000,000 shares authorized and 13,487,990 shares issued as of March 31, 2025 and 13,444,712 shares issued as of December 31, 2024		135			135
Additional paid-in-capital		39,199			38,277
Retained earnings		54,378			55,817
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(1,880	)		(1,910	)
Treasury stock, at cost; 1,723,341 shares as of March 31, 2025 and 1,723,341 as of December 31, 2024		(4,885	)		(4,885	)

Total shareholders’ equity		86,947			87,434

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	110,076		$	111,484

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025			2024
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$	(1,439	)	$	(161	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		832			898
Bad debt expense		—			(92	)
Interest amortization of deferred financing costs		24			24
Stock-based compensation expense		895			550
Deferred income taxes, net		3			55
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net		15			14
Amortization of deferred compensation		125			—
Long-term severance liability		573			—
Payment of deferred compensation		(2,000	)		—
Working capital items:
Accounts receivable and unbilled receivables		(703	)		(2,108	)
Prepaid and other current assets		(127	)		(1,396	)
Accounts payable		(942	)		816
Accrued payroll and related costs		(302	)		(371	)
Other accrued liabilities		162			407
Deferred revenue		(111	)		38

Net cash flows (used in) operating activities		(2,995	)		(1,326	)

INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Recovery of (payment for) non-current deposits		(19	)		—
Capital expenditures		(114	)		(278	)

Net cash flows (used in) investing activities		(133	)		(278	)

FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of treasury stock		—			(80	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		27			—

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		27			(80	)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		24			(39	)

Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(3,077	)		(1,723	)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		27,742			21,147

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	24,665		$	19,424

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025 AND 2024

(Unaudited)

1.	Description of Business and Basis of Presentation:

Basis of Presentation

References in this Quarterly Report on Form

10-Q

to “we”, “our”, “Mastech Digital”, “Mastech” or “the Company” refer collectively to Mastech Digital, Inc. and its wholly owned operating subsidiaries, which are included in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (the “Financial Statements”).

Description of Business

We are a provider of Digital Transformation IT Services to mostly large and

medium-sized

organizations.

Our portfolio of offerings includes data management and analytics services, digital learning services and IT staffing services.

With our 2017 acquisition of the services division of Canada-based InfoTrellis, Inc. (“InfoTrellis”), we added specialized capabilities in delivering data and analytics services to our customers, which became our Data and Analytics Services segment. This segment offers project-based consulting services in the areas of data management, data engineering and data science, with such services delivered using

on-site

and offshore resources. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf Partners, Inc. (“AmberLeaf”), a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition expanded our Data and Analytics Services segment’s capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offering for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise applications across sales, marketing and customer services organizations.

Our IT staffing services segment combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies. Our digital technologies include data management, analytics, cloud, mobility, social and artificial intelligence. We work with businesses and institutions with significant IT spending and recurring staffing service needs. We also support smaller organizations with their “project focused” temporary IT staffing requirements.

Accounting Principles

The accompanying Financial Statements have been prepared by management in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting principally of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. These Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in our Annual Report on Form

10-K

filed with the SEC on March 14, 2025. Additionally, our operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025, are not necessarily indicative of the results that can be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any other period.

Principles of Consolidation

The Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Critical Accounting Policies

10-K

for the year ended December 31, 2024, for a more detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates. There were no material changes to these critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

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Segment Reporting

The Company has two reportable segments, in accordance with Accounting Standards Committee (“ASC”) Topic 280 “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”: Data and Analytics Services and IT Staffing Services.

2.	Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company recognizes revenue on

time-and-material

contracts over time as services are performed and expenses are incurred.

Time-and-material

contracts typically bill at an agreed-upon hourly rate, plus

out-of-pocket

expense reimbursement.

Out-of-pocket

expense reimbursement amounts vary by assignment, but on average represent less than 2% of the total contract revenues. Revenue is earned on a per transaction or labor hour basis, as that amount directly corresponds to the value of the Company’s performance. Revenue recognition is negatively impacted by holidays and consultant vacation and sick days.

The Company recognizes revenue on fixed price contracts over time as services are rendered and uses a cost-based input method to measure progress. Determining a measure of progress requires management to make judgments that affect the timing of revenue recognized. Under the cost-based input method, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues, including estimated fees or profits, are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. The Company has determined that the cost-based input method provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods or services to the customer. Estimated losses are recognized immediately in the period in which current estimates indicate a loss. We record deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which may be refundable.

The Company’s

time-and-material

and fixed price revenue streams are recognized over time as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the Company’s performance as the work is performed.

In certain situations related to client direct hire assignments, where the Company’s fee is contingent upon the hired resources continued employment with the client, revenue is not fully recognized until such employment conditions are satisfied.

We do not sell, lease or otherwise market computer software or hardware, and, essentially, 100% of our revenue is derived from the sale of data and analytics, IT staffing and digital transformation services. We expense sales commissions in the same period in which revenues are realized. These costs are recorded within sales, general and administrative expenses.

Each contract the Company enters into is assessed to determine the promised services to be performed and includes identification of the performance obligations required by the contract. In substantially all of our contracts, we have identified a single performance obligation for each contract either because the promised services are distinct, or the promised services are highly interrelated and interdependent and therefore represent a combined single performance obligation.

Our Data and Analytics Services segment provides specialized capabilities in delivering data management and analytics services to its customers globally. This business offers project-based consulting services in the areas of Master Data Management, Enterprise Data Integration, Big Data, Analytics and Digital Transformation, which can be delivered using onsite and offshore resources.

Our IT Staffing Services segment combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of services in digital and mainstream technologies. Our digital technology stack includes data management and analytics, cloud, mobility, social and automation. Our mainstream technologies include business intelligence / data warehousing; web services; enterprise resource planning & customer resource management; and

e-Business

solutions. We work with businesses and institutions with significant IT spend and recurring staffing needs. We also support smaller organizations with their “project focused” temporary IT staffing requirements. In late 2023, we expanded our service offerings to include engineering staffing services. Substantially all of our revenue is recognized over time.

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The following table depicts the disaggregation of our revenues by contract type and operating segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
Data and Analytics Services Segment
Time-and-material Contracts	$	5,648	$	6,111
Fixed-price Contracts		3,312		1,956

Subtotal Data and Analytics Services	$	8,960	$	8,067


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
IT Staffing Services Segment
Time-and-material Contracts	$	39,357	$	38,756
Fixed-price Contracts		—		—

Subtotal IT Staffing Services	$	39,357	$	38,756

Total Revenues	$	48,317	$	46,823

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had three clients (Fidelity=12.9%, CGI=11.9%, Populus=11.7%) that each exceeded 10% of total revenues. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company had one client (CGI =17.4%) that exceeded 10% of total revenues.

The Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 56% and 51% of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The following table presents our revenue from external customers disaggregated by geography, based on the work location of our customers:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
United States	$	47,752	$	46,116
Canada		130		294
India and other		435		413

Total Revenues	$	48,317	$	46,823

3.	Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill of $8.4 million related to our IT Staffing Services segment resulted from the 2015 acquisition of Hudson Global Resources Management’s U.S. IT staffing business. Goodwill related to our Data and Analytics Services segment includes our 2017 acquisition of the services division of InfoTrellis, which totaled $27.4 million, and our 2020 acquisition of AmberLeaf, which totaled $6.4 million. The Company recorded a $5.3 million goodwill impairment related to the Data and Analytics Services segment in 2023 and a $9.7 million goodwill impairment in 2018. The impairments were primarily attributable to declines in revenue levels and lower future revenue projections.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of goodwill by operating segment for the periods ended March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024 is as follows:

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	Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended
	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
IT Staffing Services:
Beginning balance	$	8,427	$	8,427
Goodwill recorded		—		—
Impairment		—		—

Ending Balance	$	8,427	$	8,427


	Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended
	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
Data and Analytics Services:
Beginning balance	$	18,783	$	18,783
Goodwill recorded		—		—
Impairment		—		—

Ending Balance	$	18,783	$	18,783

The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets on a straight-line basis over estimated average lives ranging from 3 to 12 years. Identifiable intangible assets were comprised of the following as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:


	As of March 31, 2025
(Amounts in thousands)	Amortization Period (In Years)		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulative Amortization		Net Carrying Value
IT Staffing Services:
Client relationships		12	$	7,999	$	6,528	$	1,471
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		319		319		—
Trade name		3		249		249		—
Data and Analytics Services:
Client relationships		12		19,641		11,821		7,820
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		1,201		1,157		44
Trade name		5		1,711		1,662		49
Technology		7		1,979		1,705		274

Total Intangible Assets			$	33,099	$	23,441	$	9,658


	As of December 31, 2024
(Amounts in thousands)	Amortization Period (In Years)		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulative Amortization		Net Carrying Value
IT Staffing Services:
Client relationships		12	$	7,999	$	6,361	$	1,638
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		319		319		—
Trade name		3		249		249		—
Data and Analytics Services:
Client relationships		12		19,641		11,413		8,228
Covenant-not-to-compete		5		1,201		1,135		66
Trade name		5		1,711		1,637		74
Technology		7		1,979		1,677		302

Total Intangible Assets			$	33,099	$	22,791	$	10,308

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Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024 totaled $650,000 and $693,000, respectively and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The estimated aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2025 through 2029 is as follows:


	Years Ended December 31,
	2025		2026		2027		2028		2029
	(Amounts in thousands)
Amortization expense	$	2,553	$	2,413	$	2,025	$	1,637	$	1,000

Leases

The Company rents certain office facilities and equipment under noncancelable operating leases. As of March 31, 2025, approximately 94,000 square feet of office space is utilized for our sales and recruiting offices, delivery centers, and corporate headquarters. All of our leases are classified as operating leases. The average initial lease term is 3.9 years. Several leases have an option to renew, at our sole discretion, for an additional term. Our present lease terms range from less than one year to 4.5 years with a weighted average of 2.9 years. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.

The following table summarizes the balance sheet classification of the lease assets and related lease liabilities:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets	$	3,514	$	3,832

Liabilities:
Short-term operating lease liability	$	1,291	$	1,265
Long-term operating lease liability		2,158		2,486

Total Liabilities	$	3,449	$	3,751

Future minimum rental payments for office facilities and equipment under the Company’s noncancelable operating leases are as follows:


	Amount as of March 31, 2025
	(in thousands)
2025 (for remainder of year)	$	1,085
2026		1,437
2027		775
2028		259
2029		196
Thereafter		—

Total	$	3,752
Less: Imputed interest		(303	)

Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	3,449

The weighted average discount rate used to calculate the present value of future lease payments was 5.6%.

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We recognize rent expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease

ter

m. Rental expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 totaled $0.4 million in each period.

Total cash paid for lease liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 totaled $0.4 million in each period.

There were no new leases entered into during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. New leases are considered

non-cash

transactions.

5.	Commitments and Contingencies

In the ordinary course of our business, the Company is involved in a number of lawsuits and administrative proceedings. While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these matters, the Company’s management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the disposition of these proceedings should not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

6.	Employee Benefit Plan

The Company provides an Employee Retirement Savings Plan (the “Retirement Plan”) under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), that covers substantially all U.S. based salaried and

W-2

hourly employees. Employees may contribute a percentage of eligible compensation to the Retirement Plan, subject to certain limits under the Code. The Company did not provide for any matching contributions for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

7.	Stock-Based Compensation

In 2008, the Company adopted a Stock Incentive Plan. This stock incentive plan was amended and restated effective as of May 14, 2024 and further amended on May 14, 2025 (as amended from time to time, the “Plan”). The Plan provides that up to 6,200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”) shall be allocated for issuance to directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company. Grants under the Plan may be made in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance share awards, restricted stock awards or stock awards.

On December 10, 2024, the Board approved and adopted the 2024 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan and reserved 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance of awards under the 2024 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan. The 2024 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan was approved and adopted without shareholder approval pursuant to NYSE American Guide Rule 711 and provides for grants of

non-qualified

stock options, restricted stock awards, stock awards, performance share awards and other stock-based awards (each, an “Inducement Award”). The 2024 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan is exclusively for the grant of equity awards to individuals who were not previously employed or directors of the company as an inducement to joint employment with the company.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company granted 22,140 restricted share units and no stock options under the Plan, and 702,358 stock options at a strike price of $15.41 under the 2024 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company granted 29,612 restricted share units and 385,000 stock options at a strike price of $8.34 under the Plan. As of March 31, 2025, there were 430,000 shares available for grant under the Plan and 798,000 shares available for grant under the 2024 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan. Effective May 14, 2025, the 2024 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan was terminated, which means that no further grants can be made under the 2024 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan but existing outstanding awards granted pursuant to this plan continue to be governed by the plan’s terms.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $895,000 and $550,000, respectively, and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company issued 17,921 and 19,924 shares, respectively, related to the grant of restricted share units and the exercise of stock options.

In October 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the Mastech Digital, Inc. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Employee Stock Purchase Plan”). The Employee Stock Purchase Plan is intended to meet the requirements of Section 423 of the Code and was approved by the Company’s shareholders to be qualified. On May 15, 2019, the Company’s shareholders approved the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 600,000 shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment upon certain changes in the Company’s capitalization) are available for purchase by eligible employees who become participants in the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The purchase price per share is 85% of the lesser of (i) the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the first day of the offering period, or (ii) the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the last day of the offering period.

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The Company’s eligible full-time employees are able to contribute up to 15% of their base compensation into the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, subject to an annual limit of $25,000 per person. Employees are able to purchase Company Common Stock at a 15% discount to the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock on the initial or final trading dates of each

six-month

offering period. Offering periods begin on January 1 and July 1 of each year. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of Employee Stock Purchase Plan share-based payments. The fair value of the

six-month

“look-back” option in the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan is estimated by adding the fair value of 15% of one share of stock to 85% of the fair value of an option on one share of stock. The Company utilized U.S. Treasury yields as of the grant date for its risk-free interest rate assumption, matching the Treasury yield terms to the

six-month

offering period. The Company utilized historical company data to develop its dividend yield and expected volatility assumptions.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no shares issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. As of March 31, 2025, there were 432,059 shares available for purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

8.	Credit Facility

On July 13, 2017, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, as administrative agent, swing loan lender and issuing lender, PNC Capital Markets LLC, as sole lead arranger and sole book-runner, and certain financial institution parties thereto as lenders (the “Lenders”). The Credit Agreement, as amended, provides for a total aggregate commitment of $53.1 million, consisting of (i) a revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $40 million and (ii) a $13.1 million term loan facility (the “Term Loan), as more fully described in Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form

8-Ks

filed with the SEC on July 19, 2017, April 25, 2018, October 7, 2020, Exhibit 10.2 to the Form

8-K/A

filed with the SEC on January 4, 2022 and Exhibits 10.11 and 10.12 to the Company’s Form

10-K

filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024. Additionally, the facility includes an accordion feature for additional borrowing of up to $20 million upon satisfaction of certain conditions.

The Revolver expires in December 2026 and includes swing loan and letter of credit

sub-limits

in the aggregate amount not to exceed $6.0 million for swing loans and $5.0 million for letters of credit. Borrowings under the Revolver may be denominated in U.S. dollars or Canadian dollars. The maximum borrowings in U.S. dollars may not exceed the sum of 85% of eligible U.S. accounts receivable and 60% of eligible U.S. unbilled receivables, less a reserve amount established by the administrative agent. The maximum borrowings in Canadian dollars may not exceed the lesser of (i) $10.0 million; and (ii) the sum of 85% of eligible Canadian receivables, plus 60% of eligible Canadian unbilled receivables, less a reserve amount established by the administrative agent.

Amounts borrowed under the Term Loan were required to be repaid in consecutive quarterly installments of $1.1 million through and including the maturity date of October 1, 2024. In August 2022, the Company prepaid $7.6 million of the outstanding term loan with excess cash balances. The final term loan payment of $1.1 million was made on January 3, 2023, taking the outstanding balance to zero.

Borrowings under the Revolver and the Term Loan, which may be made at the Company’s election, bear interest at either (a) the higher of PNC’s prime rate or the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, plus an applicable margin determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio or (b) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), plus an applicable margin determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio. The applicable margin on the base rate is between 0.50% and 1.25% on Revolver borrowings and between 1.75% and 2.50% on Term Loan borrowings. The applicable margin on the SOFR is between 1.50% and 2.25% on Revolver borrowings and between 2.75% and 3.50% on Term Loan borrowings. A 20 to

30-basis

point per annum commitment fee on the unused portion of the Revolver is charged and due monthly in arrears. The applicable commitment fee is determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio.

The Company pledged substantially all of its assets in support of the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement contains standard financial covenants, including, but not limited to, covenants related to the Company’s senior leverage ratio and fixed charge ratio (as defined under the Credit Agreement) and limitations on liens, indebtedness, guarantees, contingent liabilities, loans and investments, distributions, leases, asset sales, stock repurchases and mergers and acquisitions. As of March 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all applicable provisions of the Credit Agreement.

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In connection with securing the commitments under the Credit Agreement and the April 20, 2018, October 1, 2020, December 29, 2021 and December 29, 2023 amendments to the Credit Agreement, the Company paid a commitment fee and incurred deferred financing costs totaling $1,039,000, which were capitalized and are being amortized as interest expense over the life of the Credit Facility. Deferred financing costs of $165,000 and $189,000 (net of amortization) as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively, are presented as long-term assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, the Company’s outstanding borrowings under the Revolver totaled zero dollars; and unused borrowing capacity available was approximately $23.7 million and $22.5 million, respectively. There were no outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan at March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024. On May 9, 2024, the Company issued two standby Letters of Credit for $162,000 each from PNC Bank to a Vietnam client to secure certain performance and advance payment guarantees made to the client on an existing fixed price Data and Analytics Services assignment. The letters of credit are scheduled to expire on March 21, 2026.

9.	Income Taxes

The components of income before income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025			2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Domestic	$	(2,586	)	$	(316	)
Foreign		824			34

Income (loss) before income taxes	$	(1,762	)	$	(282	)

The Company has foreign subsidiaries which generate revenues from

non-U.S.-based

clients. Additionally, these subsidiaries provide services to the Company’s U.S. operations. Accordingly, the Company allocates a portion of its income (loss) to these subsidiaries based on a “transfer pricing” model and reports such income (loss) as foreign in the above table.

The provision (benefit) for income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025			2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
Current provision (benefit):
Federal	$	(576	)	$	(224	)
State		(106	)		(39	)
Foreign		356			104

Total current provision (benefit)		(326	)		(159	)

Deferred provision (benefit):
Federal		22			23
State		4			5
Foreign		(23	)		(83	)

Total deferred provision (benefit)		3			(55	)

Change in valuation allowance		—			93

Total provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	(323	)	$	(121	)

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The reconciliation of income taxes computed using the statutory U.S. income tax rate and the provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (amounts in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025					Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate	$	(370	)	(21.0	%)	$	(59	)	(21.0	%)
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit		(102	)	(5.8	%)		(10	)	(3.5	)
Excess tax expense (benefits) from stock options/restricted shares		(22	)	(1.2	%)		85		30.1
Worthless stock deduction		—		—			(248	)	(87.9	)
Difference in tax rate on foreign earnings/other		171		9.7	%		18		6.4
Change in valuation allowance		—		—			93		33.0

	$	(323	)	(18.3	%)	$	(121	)	(42.9	%)

We evaluate deferred income taxes quarterly to determine if valuation allowances are required or should be adjusted. GAAP accounting guidance requires us to assess whether valuation allowances should be established against deferred tax assets based on all available evidence, both positive and negative, using a “more likely than not” standard. Our assessment considers, among other things, the nature of cumulative losses; forecast of future profitability; the duration of statutory carry-forward periods; and tax planning alternatives. At March 31, 2025, our valuation allowance was comprised of net operating losses in Ireland

and

the United Kingdom and totaled $452,000. During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, we secured a worthless stock deduction for our dissolved Singapore entity, which allowed us to recognize a current tax deduction during the 2024 period and, accordingly, we reversed $162,000 of our valuation allowance balance. At December 31, 2024, our valuation allowance balance totaled $452,000.

10.	Shareholders’ Equity

On February 8, 2023, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock over a

two-year

period. Repurchases under the program may occur from time to time in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, through block purchases or other purchase techniques, or by any combination of such methods, and the program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at the discretion of the Board of Directors. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company did not repurchase any shares of common stock. During the three months ended March 31,2024, the Company repurchased 9,222 shares of common stock at an average price of $8.70 per share under this program. On February 19, 2025, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had authorized an extension of its previously announced share repurchase program for an additional year through February 8, 2026. Common shares available for share repurchase under this program totaled 423,000 shares on March 31, 2025.

Additionally, the Company makes stock purchases from time to time to satisfy employee tax obligations related to its Stock Incentive Plan. The Company did not purchase any shares to satisfy employee tax obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

11.	Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The computation of basic earnings (loss) per share is based on the Company’s net income (loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if outstanding stock options were exercised. The dilutive effect of stock options was calculated using the treasury stock method.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, all stock options and restricted shares were anti-dilutive and excluded from the computation of diluted (loss) per share.

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12.	Business Segments and Geographic Information

Our reporting segments are: 1) Data and Analytics Services; and 2) IT Staffing Services.

The Data and Analytics Services segment was acquired through the July 13, 2017, acquisition of the services division of Canada-based InfoTrellis, Inc. This segment is a project-based consulting services business with specialized capabilities in data management and analytics. The business is marketed as “Mastech InfoTrellis” and utilizes a dedicated sales team with deep subject matter expertise. Mastech InfoTrellis has offices in Atlanta, Toronto and London, and a global delivery center in Chennai, India.

Project-based

delivery reflects a combination of

on-site

resources and offshore resources. Assignments are secured on both a time and material and fixed price basis. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf, a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition expanded our capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offering for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise applications across sales, marketing and customer service organizations.

The IT Staffing Services segment offers staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies, engineering services and uses digital methods to enhance organizational learning. These services are marketed using a common sales force and delivered via our domestic and global recruitment centers. While the vast majority of our assignments are based on time and materials, we do have the capabilities to deliver our digital transformation services on a fixed price basis. Below are the operating results of our reporting segments.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025			2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
Revenues:
Data and Analytics Services	$	8,960		$	8,067
IT Staffing Services		39,357			38,756

Total revenues	$	48,317		$	46,823

Cost of Revenues:
Data and Analytics Services	$	5,013		$	4,322
IT Staffing Services		30,412			30,370

Total cost of revenues	$	35,425		$	34,692

Gross Profit:
Data and Analytics Services	$	3,947		$	3,745
IT Staffing Services		8,945			8,386

Total gross profit	$	12,892		$	12,131

Gross Margin %:
Data and Analytics Services		44.1	%		46.4	%
IT Staffing Services		22.7	%		21.6	%

Total gross margin %		26.7	%		25.9	%

Sales & Marketing Expenses:
Data and Analytics Services	$	2,054		$	2,417
IT Staffing Services		2,247			2,164

Total sales & marketing expenses	$	4,301		$	4,581

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	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025			2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
Operations Expenses:
Data and Analytics Services	$	152		$	167
IT Staffing Services		2,067			1,927

Total operation expenses	$	2,219		$	2,094

General & Administrative Expenses:
Data and Analytics Services	$	1,869		$	1,615
IT Staffing Services		4,297			3,554

Total general & administrative expenses	$	6,166		$	5,169

Segment operating income (loss):
Data and Analytics Services	$	(128	)	$	(454	)
IT Staffing Services		334			741

Subtotal		206			287
Unallocated Cost:
Amortization of acquired intangible assets:	$	(650	)	$	(693	)
Goodwill impairment		—			—
Severance expense		(1,409	)		—
Interest income (expense), FX, gains (losses) and other, net		91			124

Income (loss) before income taxes	$	(1,762	)	$	282

Below is a reconciliation of segm

ent

total assets to co

nsoli

dated total assets:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
Total assets:
Data and Analytics Services	$	42,323	$	44,053
IT Staffing Services		67,753		67,431

Total assets	$	110,076	$	111,484

Below is geographic information related to our revenues from external customers:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Amounts in thousands)
United States	$	47,752	$	46,116
Canada		130		294
India and Other		435		413

Total revenues	$	48,317	$	46,823

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13.	Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recent Accounting Pronouncements not yet adopted

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU

2023-09,

“Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”. The amendments in this ASU are intended to enhance the transparency and usefulness of income tax disclosures and provide for specific rate reconciliation categories; additional disclosure for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold; and disclosure of federal, state and foreign income taxes paid by individual jurisdiction. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU

2024-03,

“Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic

220-40):

Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses”. The amendments in this ASU require more detailed disclosures about an entity’s business expenses. Additional interim and annual reporting disclosures in the notes to financial statements include the amounts of inventory purchases, employee compensation, depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and a qualitative description of amounts that are not separately disclosed. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements.

A variety of proposed or otherwise potential accounting standards are currently under consideration by standard-setting organizations and certain regulatory agencies. Because of the tentative and preliminary nature of such proposed standards, management has not yet determined the effect, if any that the implementation of such proposed standards would have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 14, 2025.

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements about future events, future performance, plans, strategies, expectations, prospects, competitive environment and regulations. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words, “may”, “will”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “plan”, “intend” or the negative of these terms or similar expressions in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Our actual financial performance could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements due to the inherent uncertainty of estimates, forecasts and projections and our financial performance may be better or worse than anticipated. Given these uncertainties, you should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. All of the forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed under “Risk Factors”, “Forward-Looking Statements” and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date that they were made. We do not undertake any duty to update forward-looking statements, and the estimates and assumptions associated with them, after the date of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws.

Website Access to SEC Reports:

The Company’s website is www.mastechdigital.com. The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, current reports on Form 8-K and all other reports filed with the SEC, are available free of charge on the Investors page. The website is updated as soon as reasonably practical after such reports are filed electronically with the SEC.

Critical Accounting Policies

Please refer to Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations–Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for a more detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates. There were no material changes to these critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

2024 Primentor, Inc. Consulting Agreement:

On January 12, 2024, we entered into a consulting services agreement with Primentor, Inc. (“Primentor”) to provide the Company with strategic advisory and management consulting services, as well as any other business and organizational strategy services as the Board of Directors of Company may reasonably request from time to time. The initial term of the consulting services agreement is for a three-year period that commenced on January 12, 2024, and the Company may request to renew the term for additional successive one-year terms, in which case Primentor and the Company will negotiate to agree upon the scope of the additional services and the amount of additional consulting fees. During 2024, the Company incurred consulting expenses of approximately $1.1 million related to these services. In 2025 and 2026, the Company expects to pay Primentor approximately $270,000 and $120,000, respectively, plus reimbursement of any reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Primentor in rendering such services.

Transition of the Company’s finance and accounting functions to India:

During the first quarter of 2025, the Company’s Board of Directors made the decision to implement a long-term cost-cutting initiative to transition the Company’s finance and accounting functions to India. During 2025, the Company expects to incur additional costs related to the duplication of resources and travel expenses during the training and knowledge transfer process. This estimated additional expense is expected to range from $500,000 to $750,000 during the transition period. Additionally, the Company expects to pay approximately $1.3 million of severance expense related to this initiative. Post-transition cost savings are expected to approximate $1.2 million per annum.

Overview:

We are a provider of Digital Transformation IT Services to mostly large and medium-sized organizations.

Our portfolio of offerings includes data management and analytics services, other digital transformation services, such as digital learning services, and IT Staffing Services.

We operate in two reporting segments – Data and Analytics Services and IT Staffing Services. Our data and analytics services are marketed on a global basis under the brand “Mastech InfoTrellis” and are delivered largely on a project basis with on-site and off-shore resources. These data and analytics capabilities and expertise were acquired through our acquisition of InfoTrellis and enhanced and expanded subsequent to the acquisition. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf Partners, Inc. (“AmberLeaf”), a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition enhanced our capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offerings for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise applications across sales, marketing and customer services organizations. Our IT staffing business combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies, as well as other digital transformation services.

Both business segments provide their services across various industry verticals, including financial services, government, healthcare, manufacturing, retail, technology telecommunications and transportation. In our Data and Analytics Services segment, we evaluate our revenues and gross profits largely by service line. In our IT Staffing Services segment, we evaluate our revenues and gross profits largely by sales channel responsibility. This analysis within both our reporting segments is multi-purposed and includes technologies employed, client relationships, and geographic locations.

Data and Analytics:

We provide information regarding our new bookings in our Data and Analytics Services segment, which represents the estimated value of client engagements, including those acquired through acquisitions, as well as renewals and extensions to existing contracts, because we believe doing so provides useful trend information regarding changes in the volume of our new business over time. New bookings can vary significantly quarter to quarter, depending, in part, on the timing of the signing of a small number of large engagements. Among other factors, the types of services and solutions to be delivered, the duration of the engagement and the pace and level of client spending impact the timing of the conversion of new bookings to revenues. In addition, substantially all of our contracts are terminable by the client on short notice, with little or no termination penalties. Information regarding our new bookings is not comparable to, nor should it be substituted for, an analysis of our revenues over time. New bookings involve estimates and judgments. There are no third-party standards or requirements governing the calculation of bookings. We do not update our new bookings for material subsequent terminations or reductions related to bookings originally provided in prior periods.

Economic Trends and Outlook:

Generally, our business outlook is highly correlated to general North American economic conditions, particularly with respect to our IT Staffing Services segment. During periods of increasing employment and economic expansion, demand for our services tends to increase. Conversely, during periods of contracting employment and / or a slowing global economy, demand for our services tends to decline. With economic expansion in 2010 through 2019 activity levels improved. However, as economic conditions strengthened, we experienced increased tightness in the supply side (skilled IT professionals) of our businesses. These supply-side challenges pressured resource costs and, to some extent, gross margins. As we entered 2020, we were encouraged by continued growth in the domestic job markets and expanding U.S. and global economies. However, with the COVID-19 pandemic surfacing in the first quarter of 2020, we realized that economic growth would quickly turn into recessionary conditions, which had a material impact on activity levels in both of our business segments. In 2021, we were encouraged by the global rollout of vaccination programs and signs of economic improvement, however, the proliferation of COVID-19 variants had caused some uncertainty and disruption in the global markets. In 2022 and 2023, COVID-19-related concerns seemed to subside; however, increased inflation, challenges in the financial sector related to increasing interest rates, and concerns about a possible recession created much uncertainty and impacted demand for our services in the second half of 2022 and for the entire year of 2023. In 2024, economic conditions in North American improved over the course of the year as job growth and inflationary outlooks showed positive signs of improvement. As we enter 2025, a new level of uncertainty and caution has returned to the marketplace, largely related to unknowns with respect to the incoming administration’s policies that it is likely to adopt and the impact of such policies on our businesses. Accordingly, it is difficult to predict how market conditions are going to unfold over the course of 2025 and beyond.

In addition to tracking general economic conditions in the markets that we service, a large portion of our revenues is generated from a limited number of clients (see Item 1A, the Risk Factor entitled “Our revenues are highly concentrated, and the loss of a significant client would adversely affect our business and revenues” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024). Accordingly, our trends and outlook are additionally impacted by the prospects and well-being of these specific clients. This “account concentration” factor may result in our results of operations deviating from the prevailing economic trends from time to time.

Within our IT Staffing Services segment, a larger portion of our revenues has come from strategic relationships with systems integrators. Additionally, many large end users of IT staffing services are employing MSPs to manage their contractor spending. Both of these dynamics may pressure our IT staffing gross margins in the future.

Recent growth in advanced technologies (social, cloud, analytics, mobility, automation) is providing opportunities within our IT Staffing Services segment. However, supply side challenges have proven to be acute with respect to many of these technologies.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 as Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024:

Revenues:

Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025, totaled $48.3 million, compared to $46.8 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2024. This 3% year-over-year revenue increase reflected 11% growth in our Data and Analytics Services segment and 2% growth in our IT Staffing Services segment. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had three clients that each had revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues (Fidelity =12.9%, CGI = 11.9% and Populus = 11.7%). For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company had one client that had revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues (CGI = 17.4%). The Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 56% and 51% of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Below is a tabular presentation of revenues by reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively:


Revenues (Amounts in millions)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025		Three Months ended March 31, 2024
Data and Analytics Services	$	9.0	$	8.1
IT Staffing Services		39.3		38.7

Total revenues	$	48.3	$	46.8

Revenues from our Data and Analytics Services segment totaled $9.0 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2025, compared to $8.1 million in the corresponding quarter last year. This 11% year-over-year increase reflected higher activity levels and new assignments from existing clients over the last several quarters. New bookings in the first quarter of 2025 totaled $11.7 million, compared to bookings of $9.6 million in the first quarter of 2024.

Revenues from our IT Staffing Services segment totaled $39.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $38.7 million during the corresponding 2024 period. This 2% year-over-year increase reflected higher average billable consultants in the 2025 period, compared to the corresponding period last year. Billable consultants at March 31, 2025 totaled 991-consultants, compared to 1,004-consultants at March 31, 2024. For the 2025 quarter, our consultants on billing declined by 17 consultants from our billable consultant base at December 31, 2024. Our average bill rate during the first quarter of 2025 was $84.97 per hour, compared to $79.30 per hour in the first quarter of 2024. This increase in average bill rate was due to higher rates on new assignments during the last several quarters and was reflective of the types of skill sets that we deployed. Permanent placements / fee revenues were approximately $0.2 million during both the 2025 and 2024 first quarter.

Gross Margins:

Gross profits in the first quarter of 2025 totaled $12.9 million, compared to $12.1 million in the first quarter of 2024. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 26.7% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2025, compared to 25.9% during the same period of 2024. This 80-basis point increase related to higher gross margins in our IT Staffing Services segment.

Below is a tabular presentation of gross margin by reporting segment for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024 respectively:


Gross Margin %	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025			Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Data and Analytics Services		44.1	%		46.4	%
IT Staffing Services		22.7			21.6

Total gross margin %		26.7	%		25.9	%

Gross margins from our Data and Analytics Services segment were 44.1% of revenues during the first quarter of 2025, compared to 46.4% of revenues during the first quarter of 2024. The gross margin decline reflected lower utilization and a reserve adjustment on a fixed price project during the first quarter of 2025.

Gross margins from our IT Staffing Services segment were 22.7% in the first quarter of 2025, compared to 21.6% in the corresponding quarter of 2024. This 110-basis point increase reflected higher margins on new contract assignments, and lower benefit costs in the first quarter of 2025, compared to the first quarter of 2024.

Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses:

Below is a tabular presentation of operating expenses by expense category for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively:


SG&A Expenses (Amounts in millions)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025		Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Data and Analytics Services Segment
Sales and Marketing	$	2.1	$	2.4
Operations		0.1		0.2
General & Administrative		1.9		1.6

Subtotal Data and Analytics Services	$	4.1	$	4.2


SG&A Expenses (Amounts in millions)
IT Staffing Services Segment
Sales and Marketing	$	2.2	$	2.2
Operations		2.1		1.9
General & Administrative		4.3		3.5

Subtotal IT Staffing Services	$	8.6	$	7.6

Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets	$	0.6	$	0.7
Severance Expense		1.4		—
Total SG&A Expenses	$	14.7	$	12.5

SG&A expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 totaled $14.7 million or 30.4% of total revenues, compared to $12.5 million or 26.7% of total revenues for the three-months ended March 31, 2024. Excluding the amortization of acquired intangible assets in both periods and severance expense in the first quarter of 2025, SG&A expense as a percentage of total revenues was 26.3% and 25.2%, respectively.

Fluctuations within SG&A expense components during the first quarter of 2025, compared to the first quarter of 2024, included the following:

•

Sales expenses decreased by $0.3 million in the 2025 period compared to the corresponding 2024 period. Sales expenses in our Data and Analytics Services segment decreased $0.3 million due to lower staff headcount in our sales organization. Sales expenses in our IT Staffing Services segment were flat compared to the first quarter of 2024.

•

Operations expenses increased by $0.1 million in the 2025 period compared to the corresponding 2024 period. Operations expenses decreased $0.1 million in our Data and Analytics Services segment due to staff reductions. In our IT Staffing Services segment, operations expenses increased by $0.2 million and reflected an increase in commissions and other variable related expenses.

•

General and administrative expenses increased $1.1 million in the 2025 period compared to the corresponding 2024 period. General and administrative expenses allocated to both business segments increased due to higher executive compensation of $0.4 million, CEO recruitment fees of $0.3 million and higher stock-based compensation expense of approximately $0.4 million.

•

Amortization of acquired intangible assets was $0.6 million in the 2025 period, compared to $0.7 million in the corresponding 2024 period, as a portion of our intangible assets became fully amortized in 2025.

•

Severance expense was $1.4 million in the 2025 period, compared to zero in the corresponding period of 2024. The severance expense related to the Company’s exiting Chief Financial Officer.

Other Income / (Expense) Components:

Other Income / (Expense) for the three months ended March 31,2025 consisted of interest income of $115,000 and foreign exchange losses of ($24,000). For the three months ended March 31, 2024 Other Income / (Expense) consisted of interest income of $154,000 and foreign exchange losses of ($30,000). Lower interest rates in 2025 compared to 2024 were largely responsible for the decline in the year-over-year interest income.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit):

Income tax (benefit) for the three months ended March 31,2025 totaled ($323,000), representing an effective tax rate on a pre-tax loss of 18.3%, compared to ($121,000) for the three months ended March 31, 2024, which represented a 42.9% effective tax rate on pre-tax income. The 2025 period tax rate compared to the 2024 period largely reflected the Company’s utilization of Singapore tax benefits during the 2024 period.

Liquidity and Capital Resources:

Financial Conditions and Liquidity:

As of March 31, 2025, we had cash balances on hand of $24.7 million, no bank debt outstanding and approximately $23.7 million of borrowing capacity under our existing credit facility.

Historically, we have funded our organic business needs with cash generated from operating activities. Controlling our operating working capital levels by closely managing our accounts receivable balance is an important element of cash generation. As of March 31, 2025, our accounts receivable “days sales outstanding” (“DSOs”) measurement was 56 days, in-line with our March 31, 2024 DSO measurement.

We believe that cash provided by operating activities, cash balances on hand and current availability under our credit facility will be adequate to fund our business needs and support our share repurchase program that we announced in February 2023 over the next 12-months, exclusive of any acquisition activity.

Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:

Cash (used in) operating activities for the three months ended March 31,2025 totaled ($3.0 million) compared to cash (used in) operating activities of ($1.3 million) during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Elements of cash flows in the 2025 period were net (loss) of ($1.4 million), non-cash charges of $0.4 million, and an increase in operating working capital levels of ($2.0 million). During the three months ended March 31, 2024, elements of cash flows were a net loss of ($0.2 million), non-cash charges of $1.5 million and an increase in operating working capital levels of ($2.6 million). Operating working capital increased in 2025 and 2024 due to higher accounts receivable balances and payouts related to the Company’s annual bonus programs during the first quarter.

Cash flows (used in) investing activities:

Cash (used in) investing activities for the three months ended March 31,2025 was ($0.1 million) compared to ($0.3 million) for the three months ended March 31, 2024. In both 2025 and 2024 , capital expenditures were essentially responsible for our cash usage in investing activities.

Cash flows (used in) financing activities:

Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31,2025 totaled $27,000 and consisted of proceeds from the exercise of stock options. Cash (used in) financings activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024, totaled ($80,000) and consisted of purchase of treasury shares under our share repurchase program.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements:

Other than $324,000 in outstanding letters of credit issued under our Credit Agreement, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements. For further details about the outstanding letters of credit, refer to Note 8 — “Credit Facility” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

Inflation:

We do not believe that inflation had a significant impact on our results of operations for the periods presented, although economic uncertainty, including the concerns of our clients and other companies with respect to inflationary conditions in North America and elsewhere, has had and may continue to have an adverse impact on the demand for our services. On an ongoing basis, we attempt to minimize any effects of inflation on our operating results by controlling operating costs and, whenever possible, seek to ensure that billing rates reflect increases in costs due to inflation. However, high levels of inflation may result in higher interest rates which could increase our borrowing costs in the future if we elect to draw on our current or future credit facilities.

In addition, refer to “Item 1A. Risk factors” in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion about risks that inflation directly or indirectly may pose to our business.

Seasonality:

Our consultants’ billable hours are affected by national holidays and vacation policies. Accordingly, we generally have lower utilization rates and higher benefit costs during the fourth quarter. Additionally, assignment completions tend to be higher near the end of the calendar year, which largely impacts our revenue and gross profit performance during the subsequent quarter.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards:

Recent accounting pronouncements are described in Note 13 to the accompanying financial statements.

ITEM 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

In addition to the inherent operational risks, the Company is exposed to certain market risks, primarily related to changes in interest rates and currency fluctuations.

Interest Rates

As of March 31, 2025, we had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement — Refer to Note 8 — “Credit Facility” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included herein.

Currency Fluctuations

The reporting currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiary in Canada is the U.S. dollar because the majority of its revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars. The functional currencies of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries are the local currency of the location of such subsidiary. The results of operations of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries are translated at the monthly average exchange rates prevailing during the period. The financial position of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries is translated at the current exchange rates at the end of the period, and the related translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within Shareholders’ Equity. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included as a component of other income (expense), net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and have not been material for all periods presented. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in overall foreign currency rates in the first quarter of 2025 would not have had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of Company management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(b). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary course of our business, we are involved in a number of lawsuits and administrative proceedings. While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these matters, management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the disposition of these proceedings should not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form

10-K

for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 14, 2025.

ITEM 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

A summary of our Common Stock repurchased during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 is set forth in the following table:


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)		Average Price per Share (1)		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)		Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under this Plan or Programs (1)
January 1, 2025 — January 31, 2025		—	$	—		—		423,079
February 1, 2025 — February 28, 2025		—	$	—		—		423,079
March 1, 2025 — March 31, 2025		—	$	—		—		423,079

Total		—	$	—		—		423,079

(1)

On February 8, 2023, the Company announced that the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to 500,000 shares of Common Stock over a

two-year

period. Repurchases under the program may occur from time to time in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, through block purchases or other purchase techniques, or by any combination of such methods, and the program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at the discretion of the Board of Directors. On February 19, 2025, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had authorized an extension of its previously announced share repurchase program for an additional year through February 8, 2026. The Company did not repurchase any shares of its Common Stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2025.

ITEM 5.

OTHER INFORMATION

Disclosure of

10b5-1

plans

During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2025, none of our directors or officers informed us of the adoption, modification or termination of a “Rule

10b5-1

trading arrangement” or

“non-Rule

10b5-1

trading arrangement,” as those terms are defined in Regulation

S-K,

Item 408


			Page
PART 1	FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3

Item 1.	Financial Statements:		3

	(a)	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	3

	(b)	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	4

	(c)	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024	5

	(d)	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024	6

	(e)	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	7

	(f)	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	8

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		20

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		25

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		26

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION		27

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		27

Item 1A.	Risk Factors		27

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		27

Item 5.	Other Information		27

Item 6.	Exhibits		28

	SIGNATURES		29


10.1		Executive Employment Agreement, made as of November 1, 2024, by and among Mastech Digital, Inc., Mastech Digital Technologies, Inc. and Nirav Patel (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 16, 2024)

10.2		Executive Employment Agreement, made as of March 31, 2025, by and between Mastech Digital, Inc. and Kannan Sugantharaman (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 4, 2025)

10.3		Executive Employment Agreement, made as of March 31, 2025, by and between Mastech Digital Private Limited and Kannan Sugantharaman (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 4, 2025)

31.1		Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Executive Officer is filed herewith.

31.2		Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Financial Officer is filed herewith.

32.1		Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by the Chief Executive Officer is furnished herewith.

32.2		Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by the Chief Financial Officer is furnished herewith.

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)


				MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.

May 15, 2025				/s/ NIRAV PATEL
				Nirav Patel Chief Executive Officer

				/s/ KANNAN SUGANTHARAMAN
				Kannan Sugantharaman
				Chief Financial Officer
				(Principal Financial Officer)


	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Retained Earnings			Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Shareholders’ Equity
Balances, December 31, 2024	$	135	$	38,277	$	55,817		$	(4,885	)	$	(1,910	)	$	87,434
Net (loss)		—		—		(1,439	)		—			—			(1,439	)
Other comprehensive gain, net of taxes		—		—		—			—			30			30
Stock-based compensation expense		—		895		—			—			—			895
Stock options exercised		—		27		—			—			—			27

Balances, March 31, 2025	$	135	$	39,199	$	54,378		$	(4,885	)	$	(1,880	)	$	86,947